WO2006057308A1 - キトサン中のトロポミオシン測定方法 - Google Patents
キトサン中のトロポミオシン測定方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006057308A1 WO2006057308A1 PCT/JP2005/021597 JP2005021597W WO2006057308A1 WO 2006057308 A1 WO2006057308 A1 WO 2006057308A1 JP 2005021597 W JP2005021597 W JP 2005021597W WO 2006057308 A1 WO2006057308 A1 WO 2006057308A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chitosan
- antibody
- tropomyosin
- measurement
- measurement method
- Prior art date
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- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 102000005937 Tropomyosin Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 108010030743 Tropomyosin Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
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- 229940079889 pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- YRNWIFYIFSBPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 YRNWIFYIFSBPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 108020004774 Alkaline Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SKQZZVCKYVHQPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [NH4+].[NH4+].C(C)N1C(SC2=C1C=CC=C2)S(=O)(=O)[O-].C(C)N2C(SC1=C2C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)[O-] Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].C(C)N1C(SC2=C1C=CC=C2)S(=O)(=O)[O-].C(C)N2C(SC1=C2C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)[O-] SKQZZVCKYVHQPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- UAIUNKRWKOVEES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N)=C(C)C=2)=C1 UAIUNKRWKOVEES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/275—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of animal origin, e.g. chitin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0024—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. paramylon, coriolan, sclerotan, pachyman, callose, scleroglucan, schizophyllan, laminaran, lentinan or curdlan; (beta-1,6)-D-Glucans, e.g. pustulan; (beta-1,4)-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. lichenan; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0027—2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucans; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/003—Chitin, i.e. 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-(beta-1,4)-D-glucan or N-acetyl-beta-1,4-D-glucosamine; Chitosan, i.e. deacetylated product of chitin or (beta-1,4)-D-glucosamine; Derivatives thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6887—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids from muscle, cartilage or connective tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring tropomyosin in chitosan. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for measuring tropomyosin in chitosan by an immunoassay method, particularly an ELISA method. The present invention also relates to chitosan whose tropomyosin content was evaluated by the measurement method. Background art
- Chitosan is a functional polysaccharide and is widely used as a raw material for cosmetics, health foods, feed additives and the like. Most of the chitosan currently sold in the country is industrially produced from power-shell. Industrially, chitosan is produced as follows. First, force-shells generated from fish processing plants are collected. Chitin is isolated from the force-shell by immersing the collected force-shell in dilute hydrochloric acid, changing the calcium carbonate in the force two shells to salty calcium and removing the salty calcium by washing with water.
- the chitin is immersed in a high-concentration sodium hydroxide aqueous solution of 40% by mass or more and heated to deacetylate the chitin to form chitosan, and then the chitosan produced is thoroughly washed with water to remove excess. Chitosan flakes are obtained by removing sodium hydroxide and by-product sodium acetate and drying.
- the production process of chitosan also has a repetition force of an immersion process in an acid and an alkali and a washing process with water.
- chitin deacetylation is carried out until the chitin is swollen with a high concentration sodium hydroxide aqueous solution of 40% by mass or more until about 80% or more of the acetylylamino group in the chitin is deacetylated to form an amino group. Is called.
- the deacetylated chitin that is, the produced chitosan, is then thoroughly washed with water, so that the protein in the force-shell as well as the protein attached to the force-shell in the final chitosan remains intact.
- Chitosan's raw material, power-husk is known to contain allergic proteins that cause food allergies.
- the protein in the force-shell as well as the protein in the force-shell in the final product chitosan is not denatured and is unlikely to remain undegraded. It is common sense, and therefore, it is difficult to think that allergenic proteins remain in chitosan produced by a conventional method.
- an object of the present invention is to simply and accurately measure the content of a protein, particularly tropomyosin and its peptide, that may be related to the expression of allergy in chitosan.
- the present invention provides a method and a chitosan evaluated that the measurement value obtained by the measurement method is not more than a certain value and is less likely to cause allergy.
- Tropomyosin is a muscle protein in crustaceans consisting of subunits with a molecular weight of about 33,000, and has now been confirmed to be the main allergen of shrimp.
- molecular clawing experiments in Robusta and force have identified this protein as a common allergen in crustaceans. Therefore, it is important to measure tropomyosin in general foods in order to prevent food allergy accidents, and a method using an actual immune reaction (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA method)) has been developed. And put into practical use.
- ELISA method enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- the present inventor examined whether the ELISA method for measuring tropomyosin developed for general foods can be applied to the measurement of tropomyosin in chitosan.
- an ELISA method in which solid chitosan is dissolved in an aqueous solution containing at least one organic acid having a chitosan solubility such as acetic acid, lactic acid or pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, and various antibodies are used as the measurement sample. It was found that tropomyosin in chitosan can be measured by using it.
- the present invention provides a tropomyosin measurement method characterized by measuring tropomyosin in chitosan by an immunoassay method in a state where chitosan is dissolved in an aqueous solution of an organic acid.
- the above measurement method it is an immunoassay method ELIS A method;
- the ELIS A method is a sandwich method using at least one anti-crustacean tropomyosin antibody as a primary antibody and at least one labeled antibody.
- the labeled antibody is preferably an enzyme-labeled anti-crustacean tropomyosin polyclonal antibody or an enzyme-labeled anti-immunoglobulin antibody.
- the crustacean is a shrimp
- the enzyme Force At least one selected from the group force consisting of peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase and j8-galactosidase; the anti-crustacean tropomyosin antibody is coated on the inner wall of the measurement container; and the enzyme is peroxidase It is preferable to use o-phenylenediamine, 2,2,1-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzthiazolinesulfonic acid) diammonium salt and tetramethylbenzidine as the substrate.
- the tropomyosin is measured by measuring the blue color of the measurement system; the tropomyosin is measured by adding sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid to the measurement system exhibiting blue color. And the measurement system is changed to yellow and the yellow is measured; the organic acid is at least one selected from the group power of acetic acid, lactic acid and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid; and the organic acid
- the concentration of the organic acid in the aqueous solution is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less.
- chitosan is preferably chitosan of 1.0% by mass or less by a measurement method having an insoluble component force or less.
- the present invention also provides chitosan characterized by a tropomyosin content power of lOOppm (measured value obtained by the measurement method of the present invention) or less.
- tropomyosin in chitosan can be measured easily and accurately. Furthermore, it is possible to evaluate whether or not the above-mentioned chitosan has an extremely low potential for the development of allergic reactions in humans.
- the present invention also provides the allergic reaction. It is possible to provide chitosan evaluated as having a very low possibility of response.
- “Measurement” shall include quantification and simple detection of tropomyosin.
- Primary antibody shall mean an anti-antigen antibody, ie an antibody against an antigen. This primary antibody shall also include monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. The primary antibody may or may not be labeled. As an example of a primary antibody, an anti-crustacean tropomyosin antibody can be mentioned.
- biological species that produce primary antibodies various biological species that are usually used in the art can be used. The biological species includes cultured cells such as hypridoma.
- “Secondary antibody” means an anti-immunoglobulin antibody, that is, an antibody having an antibody against the antibody as an antigen.
- the immunoglobulin itself eg, IgG
- the immunoglobulin of an organism that produces an antibody that is not only an antibody against an antigen, that is, the IgG of the organism that produced the antibody even if it cannot specifically bind to the antigen. It also means an antibody that can specifically bind. Others are the same as the primary antibody. This secondary antibody may or may not be labeled.
- Tropomyosin includes not only tropomyosin itself but also a peptide that is a part of tropomyosin.
- tropomyosin or its peptide may be simply referred to as “tropomyosin”.
- the present invention is a method for measuring tropomyosin in chitosan.
- the chitosan is made from chitin isolated from crustaceans.
- the crustacean chitin isolation method is generallyhackman's method based on acid treatment and alkali treatment as described above, but enzymes such as proteases can be used instead of alkali treatment. It has been developed so far, such as how to use it.
- Chitosan can be obtained by deacetylating the isolated chitin in a hydroxide-alkali aqueous solution.
- sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are used as the hydroxide and alkali, and the concentration of the hydroxide and alkali aqueous solution is preferably 35% by mass or more.
- concentration of the hydroxide and alkali aqueous solution is preferably 35% by mass or more.
- temperature of deacetylation it is 20 ° C or higher, preferably 50 ° C or higher.
- the obtained chitosan is thoroughly washed with water.
- the chitosan used in the method of the present invention is, as an example, but when chitosan is dissolved in an aqueous solution having an acetic acid concentration of 1% by mass at a concentration of 0.5% by mass, chitosan having an insoluble content in the chitosan of 1% by mass or less is obtained. Is preferred. If it is such, there is no limitation in the deacetylation degree of chitosan.
- a heterogeneous deacetylation method in an aqueous alkali hydroxide solution without dissolving chitin, which is the current general industrial production method, is used.
- a degree of deacetylation of 70% or more is required, and homogeneous deacetylation method (method of deacetylating chitin in a dissolved state)
- a deacetylation degree of 30% or more is required.
- the degree of deacetylation is the molar fraction of darcosamine units in the chitosan constituent sugar units by colloid titration.
- the molecular weight of chitosan is not limited.
- chitosan for measuring tropomyosin is used in a state dissolved in an organic acid aqueous solution.
- chitosan is a polymer that is difficult to disperse.
- chitosan is in an insufficiently dispersed state, which may cause an error in the tropomyosin measurement result. Therefore, when measuring tropomyosin in chitosan, add an organic acid aqueous solution to the chitosan to be measured, or force chitosan into an organic acid aqueous solution to bring chitosan into an aqueous solution and measure tropomyosin in chitosan. It is preferable to set.
- organic acid used for dissolving chitosan as a measurement object include acetic acid, lactic acid and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid.
- the acid concentration of these organic acid aqueous solutions is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and less than 2% by mass, more preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less.
- an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid
- the acid concentration of the organic acid is 2% by mass or more
- the resulting chito This is not preferable because the pH of the aqueous sun solution tends to be too low, and the variation in the measured value of tropomyosin in the aqueous chitosan solution tends to increase.
- the organic acid concentration is less than 0.1% by mass, chitosan does not dissolve sufficiently.
- the above organic acid may be used in the form of a salt with chitosan. In this case, instead of dissolving chitosan in the above organic acid aqueous solution, an organic acid salt of chitosan may be dissolved in a solvent for sample preparation.
- the concentration of chitosan in the chitosan aqueous solution used for the measurement depends on the acid concentration of the organic acid aqueous solution to be used and cannot be generally stated. For example, when the concentration of the organic acid aqueous solution is 1% by mass, chitosan Examples of the concentration include 0.5% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less. This concentration is the concentration before tropomyosin is diluted with an extraction buffer or the like.
- chitosan used for measurement of tropomyosin is preferably used in an aqueous solution state dissolved in an organic acid aqueous solution. If chitosan in an aqueous state is used in this way, the measurement of tropomyosin in chitosan is not particularly limited as long as it is measured by the immunoassay method.
- chitosan to be used is not particularly limited in terms of deacetylation concentration and molecular weight.
- chitosan when chitosan is dissolved in an aqueous solution having an acetic acid concentration of 1% by mass at a concentration of 0.5% by mass, chitosan is used. It is preferable that chitosan having an insoluble content therein is 1% by mass or less. The insoluble content in chitosan is measured as follows.
- the present invention is a method for measuring tropomyosin (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as an antigen unless otherwise specified) in the chitosan using the immunoassay method.
- Atsey method There are two types of the Atsey method: a competitive immunoassay method and a sandwich method. Book In the invention, both can be suitably used.
- isotopes m I, 125 I, “C, 3 H, 57 Co, 75 Se, etc.
- fluorescent substances or enzymes, etc. are labeled as antigens or antibodies as measurement indicators. Any method can be used in the present invention.
- ELISA method a method using an antibody labeled with an enzyme
- sandwich method the following primary antibody-antigen-labeled antibody (primary or secondary) conjugate (both complex !!) and primary antibody antigen unlabeled antibody (primary or secondary)
- primary antibody antigen unlabeled antibody primary or secondary
- tropomyosin used as an antigen for preparing an antibody is particularly preferably derived from crustaceans.
- the antibody used in the present invention is an organism immunized (sensitized) with an antigen, such as a mouse, hamster, -bird, goat, rat, or rabbit, or a cell isolated therefrom, or an antigen It is preferable to prepare lymphocytes from the spleen of an immunized organism using the cell (hypridoma) obtained by fusing the lymphocyte with a cancer cell (eg, myeloma).
- a cancer cell eg, myeloma
- the present invention is not limited to these examples. That is, any antibody derived from a living organism or cell that can achieve the object of the present invention may be used.
- Monoclonal antibodies are preferably prepared using Hypridoma.
- a method of forming a primary antibody-antigen-labeled antibody (primary or secondary) conjugate also referred to as a complex.
- the primary antibody used in this method is at least one primary antibody.
- the primary antibody may or may not be immobilized (also referred to as an insoluble coating or coating). Since the present invention is a method for measuring tropomyosin in chitosan, it may be a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody as long as it is an tropomyosin antibody. From the viewpoint of measurement accuracy, it is more preferable to use a monoclonal antibody as the primary antibody.
- the labeled antibody used in the above method includes at least one primary antibody or at least one secondary antibody, or a mixture thereof. These antibodies may be monoclonal antibodies or polyclonal antibodies as described above.
- Suitable antibodies include an anti-small shrimp (shrimp) tropomyosin antibody as a primary antibody, and a peroxidase-labeled anti-immunoglobulin antibody or a peroxidase-labeled anti-shrimp (shrimp) tropomyosin polyclonal as a labeled antibody.
- An antibody etc. are mentioned.
- the present invention is not limited to these exemplary antibodies.
- an immobilized antibody when used, the antibody is immobilized on glass, plastic, paper, or the like.
- antibody immobilization can be performed by measuring containers such as glass, plastic or paper, ie, test tubes, small centrifuge tubes, plates with grooves (eg, microtiter plates), or beads. It is preferable to carry out the above.
- Antibody immobilization can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- the above-mentioned immobilized antibody and labeled antibody may be prepared by immunizing the same organism, but it is preferable to prepare by immunizing different organisms.
- an antigen is sandwiched between the primary antibody and the labeled antibody to form a conjugated substance (composite).
- any fluorescent substance can be used as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.
- fluorescein isothiocyanate, rhodamine isoform is used. Examples include cyanate and phycoerythrin.
- the labeling of the fluorescent substance to the antibody can be achieved by a conventionally known method.
- an enzyme is used as a labeling substance, it is called an ELISA method.
- peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, j8-galactosidase, and the like can be mentioned as preferable ones in terms of measurement accuracy and simplicity. Among these, peroxidase can be mentioned as a particularly suitable one because of its measurement accuracy.
- the substrate of the above enzyme is shown below.
- the enzyme is peroxidase, o-phenylenediamine (color: brown), 2, 2, monoazinobis (3-ethyl-benzthiazoline sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, tetramethylbenzidine (3, 3 ', 5, 5 , One tet ramethylbenzidine) (coloring: blue), ABTS (diammonium 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzot hiazoline-6-sulfate)) (coloring: blue) and the like.
- tetramethylbenzidine is more preferred because of its color sensitivity.
- the enzyme is alkaline phosphatase, such as p ditrophyl phosphate (color: yellow), if the enzyme is
- the present invention is not limited to the above examples.
- any conventionally known method can be suitably used.
- the labeling method is a method in which the antibody is first piotinated (piotinated antibody), the enzyme is labeled with streptavidin, and the binding between piotin and streptavidin of the piotini antibody is used. Is preferred.
- the enzymatic reaction can be performed under conventionally known conditions.
- an unlabeled primary or secondary antibody is used in place of the labeled antibody in the above method 1, and a labeled secondary antibody is further used.
- the labeled secondary antibody is specifically an antibody against the unlabeled antibody (anti-immunoglobulin antibody) or an antibody that specifically binds to the unlabeled antibody (for example, the antibody of the animal from which the labeled antibody was produced). Any antibody may be used as long as it is a binding antibody.
- the labeled secondary antibody may be a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody.
- a polyclonal antibody is used. Other than that, it is the same as the method 1 described above.
- the primary antibody (this antibody may or may not be immobilized as in the method of 1. above, but is preferably immobilized) and the antigen.
- unlabeled primary or secondary antibody binds to the conjugate.
- the labeled secondary antibody binds to the bound product.
- the label and the labeling method are the same as in the above method 1.
- antibodies include primary antibodies that include anti-syrup tropomyosin antibodies, and labeled secondary antibodies that include peroxidase-labeled anti-immunoglobulin (polyclonal) antibodies.
- the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- the antibody-derived organism used is not particularly limited.
- the solid phase antibody is derived from mouse or rat, and the labeled antibody is used.
- the solid phase antibody is derived from mouse or rat
- the unlabeled antibody is derived from rabbit or goat
- the labeled secondary antibody is derived from goat or rabbit.
- the measurement containers coated with various antibodies used in the methods 1 and 2 are commercially available (for example, from ELISA SYSTEMS, BETHYL, etc.). Is preferred.
- the desired antibody and the measurement container coated with the desired antibody may be obtained upon request for their production.
- An example of a request destination is Takara Bio Inc.
- a method of forming a conjugate of primary antibody-antigen-labeled antibody comprises the following steps.
- a primary antibody is immobilized (coated) on the inner wall surface or surface of a measurement container such as a test tube or a plate (eg, microtiter plate) having a groove (well).
- a measurement container such as a test tube or a plate (eg, microtiter plate) having a groove (well).
- the measurement container used for the fixed column one that has been subjected to high protein adsorption treatment for ELISA and one that is used for normal cell culture is preferably used.
- the primary antibody is diluted with a buffer solution, added to the container, and left at room temperature for 30 minutes to 3 hours and at a low temperature such as 0 ° C to 10 ° C for about 10 minutes. Thereafter, the primary antibody solution is removed, an appropriate amount of blocking solution (BSA dissolved in buffer) is added, and after standing as described above, the blocking solution is removed.
- BSA blocking solution
- the measurement sample (chitosan aqueous solution) is preferably diluted with an antigen extraction buffer and used for measurement as a plurality of samples having different concentrations.
- a solution containing the labeled antibody (primary or secondary) is added to the container after the washing in 3) above, and the mixture is allowed to stand as described above. By binding, an immobilized antibody-antigen-labeled antibody conjugate can be formed. This reaction may be referred to as a secondary immune reaction.
- buffer solution for example, phosphate buffer PBS, pH: 6 to 8 and concentration: 2 mM to 500 mM can be used.
- a-2) Measure the absorbance or fluorescence intensity of the solution (reaction solution) after addition of the enzyme substrate solution using an appropriate wavelength.
- the reaction solution also referred to as a measurement system
- the reaction solution may be measured as it is over time at an appropriate wavelength.
- a reaction stop solution such as acid or azide salt after an appropriate reaction time!
- the method of adding a reaction stop solution is a more preferable method than the simplicity.
- Suitable acids include phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid) or sulfuric acid. When 3,3 ', 5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine is used as the enzyme substrate, the reaction solution is blue, but when an acid is added to the reaction solution, it becomes yellow, so measure it at an appropriate wavelength.
- the isotope activity is determined by scintillation power. Measure with a counter.
- the method described above uses an immobilized antibody, but in the method using an antibody that does not immobilized, centrifugation is performed before the primary reaction, before the secondary reaction, and before the tertiary reaction. It is preferable to separate the bound substance (composite) by separation.
- a measuring instrument in the above measurement, a commercially available instrument may be used.
- a microplate reader can be used. What is necessary is just to measure at a suitable wavelength.
- the measurement reagents and the like are commercially available as kits, it is convenient and preferable to use them to achieve the object of the present invention.
- ELISA kits manufactured by ELISA SYSTEMS PTY Ltd, ustraliia no rustacean Tropomyosin ResidueJiicrowell ELIbA Product Code: E SCRUR-48 Analysis Kit, etc. Measure according to the analysis procedure.
- the present invention also provides chitosan characterized by having a tropomyosin content of 1 OOppm or less as measured by the method of the present invention.
- chitosan characterized by having a tropomyosin content of 1 OOppm or less as measured by the method of the present invention.
- the chitosan is used as a raw material for food or cosmetics, there is no possibility of causing an allergic phenomenon to humans, or its possibility is extremely low and safety is high.
- chitosan with a tropomyosin content of more than lOOppm is concerned about the allergic reaction to humans.
- the tropomyosin measurement method in the following examples and comparative examples is the ELISA method in the Imnoassay method.
- This is a sandwich assay method using anti-mouse shrimp tropomyosin antibody as a primary antibody and anti-mouse shrimp tropomyosin polyclonal antibody conjugate peroxidase (peroxidase-labeled anti-mouse shrimp tropomyosin polyclonal antibody) as a labeled antibody.
- the kit was prepared according to the package insert attached to the product. That is, buffer for concentration washing 25 mL of the solution (NaCl-containing phosphate buffer) was poured into 475 mL of ion-exchanged water and placed in a wash bottle as a wash buffer. In addition, 25 mL of the concentrated extraction solution (phosphate buffer solution containing NaCl) was poured into 475 mL of ion-exchanged water and placed in a storage bin as an antigen extraction solution.
- buffer for concentration washing 25 mL of the solution (NaCl-containing phosphate buffer) was poured into 475 mL of ion-exchanged water and placed in a wash bottle as a wash buffer.
- 25 mL of the concentrated extraction solution phosphate buffer solution containing NaCl
- chitosan having a viscosity measured by a rotational viscometer at 20 ° C of 500 mPa's and a deacetylated concentration by colloid titration of 90%
- 1 part of pure chitosan was dissolved in 99 parts of deionized water containing 0.5 part of lactic acid to obtain a 1% aqueous chitosan solution.
- 1 part of this chitosan aqueous solution was added to 9 parts of the extraction solution preheated to 60 ° C. and mixed to obtain a 0.1% chitosan aqueous solution.
- the insoluble content of chitosan in chitosan was 0.5% by the above-described measurement method.
- the above 0.1% chitosan aqueous solution was placed in a 60 ° C warm bath for 15 minutes, and tropomyosin was extracted by mixing with shaking Z every 5 minutes for 1 minute.
- the extract was allowed to stand and filtered through a G3 glass filter. After the filtrate was mixed well, it was subjected to a tropomyosin measurement test as a sample.
- the kit was prepared according to the method of using the kit. That is, before using the kit, return the kit to room temperature (20 ° C to 25 ° C), prepare a well plate with the number of wells required for sample and control measurement, and place it in the holder. . At this time, an identification mark was put on each well plate to prevent erroneous measurement. The well is coated with an anti-syrup tropomyosin antibody.
- Negative control tropomyosin concentration: Oppm
- positive control 0.05 ppm, 0.10 ppm, 0.25 ppm, and 0.50 ppm
- aqueous solutions were added to each well in an amount of L.
- 100 / z L of each sample was added to each sample.
- Each control and sample were measured in duplicate.
- the holder was slowly slid for 10 seconds to mix the solution in the well. This was incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes to perform a primary immune reaction. After the reaction, the solution in the well was removed, and each well was filled with a washing buffer until it overflowed, and then the solution in the well was completely removed. This operation was repeated 5 times for washing. Add 100 ⁇ L of peroxidase-labeled anti-shrimp tropomyosin polyclonal antibody solution to each well. Added to the phone. Gently slide the holder for 10 seconds to mix the solution in the well
- reaction solution in the fuel was removed, and the solution in the fuel was completely removed by filling each well with a washing buffer until it overflowed. This operation was repeated 5 times for washing.
- the absorbance was measured with a microplate reader (manufactured by TOSOH, MPR-A4ill).
- the measurement was performed at a wavelength of 450 nm for the sample and 620 nm for the reference. The value measured with an empty well was set to zero. Measurements were taken within 30 minutes of adding the stop solution.
- a calibration curve was obtained by plotting the absorbance against the tropomyosin concentration in each control. Using this calibration curve, the tropomyosin concentration was determined from the absorbance of each sample, the crustacean-derived tropomyosin in the sample was quantified, and the presence or absence of tropomyosin was determined.
- the tropomyosin concentration in the sample having a pure chitosan content of 0.1% was determined to be a calibration curve force of 0.05 ppm. Therefore, it was confirmed that 50 ppm of tropomyosin was contained per lg of chitosan sample. This chitosan sample showed no significant allergic reaction.
- the extraction solution and the washing buffer were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
- chitosan with a viscosity measured by a rotational viscometer at 20 ° C of lOOmPa's and a deacetylation concentration by colloid titration of 78% 1 part of the pure pyrrolidone carboxylate was mixed with 99 parts of diluted extract solution that had been pre-warmed to 60 ° C. A 1% aqueous solution of phosphate was obtained. In this case, the insoluble content of chitosan in chitosan was 0.3% according to the measurement method.
- This aqueous solution was placed in a 60 ° C water bath for 15 minutes, and tropomyosin was extracted by shaking Z mixing for 1 minute every 5 minutes. The extract was allowed to stand and filtered through a G3 glass filter. The filtrate was mixed well and then subjected to the test. Further, 1 part of this aqueous solution was added to 9 parts of the extraction solution preheated to 60 ° C. and mixed to obtain a 0.1% aqueous solution of chitosan pyrrolidonecarboxylate. After mixing well, it was subjected to the test.
- the concentration of tropomyosin in a 1% aqueous solution of chitosan pyrrolidonecarboxylate was determined to be 0.5 ppm from a calibration curve. Therefore, it was confirmed that the pure lg of pyrrolidone carboxylate of chitosan contained 50 ppm tropomyosin.
- the tropomyosin concentration in a 0.1% aqueous solution of chitosan pyrrolidone carbonate was determined to be 0.05 ppm from the calibration curve. Therefore, it was confirmed that 50 ppm of tropomyosin was contained per lg of pure pyrrolidone carboxylate of chitosan.
- the tropomyosin was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 1% acetic acid aqueous solution was used instead of the lactic acid aqueous solution in Example 1 and the chitosan concentration was 1% . The same results as in Example 1 were obtained. was gotten.
- a chitosan sample with a viscosity measured by a rotational viscometer at 20 ° C of 300 mPa's and deacetylated strength S 100% by colloid titration 1 part of pure chitosan was dissolved in 99 parts of deionized water containing 0.5 part of lactic acid to obtain a 1% aqueous chitosan solution.
- 1 part of this chitosan aqueous solution was added to 9 parts of the extraction solution previously heated to 60 ° C. and mixed to obtain a 0.1% chitosan aqueous solution.
- the insoluble content in chitosan in the chitosan was 0.2% according to the measurement method.
- the chitosan in Example 1 was replaced with the chitosan described above, When pomiosin was measured, tropomyosin in the chitosan was below the detection limit of this method. This chitosan sample showed no significant allergic reaction.
- an extraction solution and a washing buffer were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Add 1 part of the pure chitosan sample used in Example 1 to a beaker containing 9 parts of extraction solution preheated to 60 ° C, mix the solution with a magnetic stirrer stirrer, and add 10% chitosan dispersion. Got. This dispersion was placed in a 60 ° C. water bath for 15 minutes, and tropomyosin was extracted by shaking Z mixing for 1 minute every 5 minutes. The extract was allowed to stand and filtered through a G3 glass filter. The filtrate was mixed well and then subjected to the test.
- Example 1 1 part of the pure part of the chitosan sample used in Example 1 was added to 99 parts of the diluted extraction solution previously warmed to 60 ° C and mixed to obtain a 1% chitosan dispersion. This dispersion was placed in a 60 ° C water bath for 15 minutes, and tropomyosin was extracted by shaking Z mixing every 5 minutes for 1 minute. The extract was allowed to stand and filtered through a G3 glass filter. The filtrate was mixed well and then subjected to the test.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 use the same chitosan sample, but the results are very different. The difference is that in Example 1, chitosan was dissolved and used for measurement, whereas in Comparative Example 1, chitosan was simply dispersed and used for measurement. In simple dispersion as in Comparative Example 1, chitosan was used in measurement. Of tropomyosin is not sufficiently extracted, and it is preferable to dissolve chitosan and use it for measurement in chitosan analysis. Show.
- tropomyosin in chitosan can be measured easily and accurately. Furthermore, it is possible to evaluate whether or not the above-mentioned chitosan has an extremely low potential for the development of allergic reactions in humans.
- the present invention can also provide chitosan evaluated as having an extremely low possibility of the allergic reaction.
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Priority Applications (6)
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DE602005015354T DE602005015354D1 (de) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-11-24 | Verfahren zur bestimmung von tropomyosin in chitosan |
US11/667,412 US20070292903A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-11-24 | Method of detemining tropomyosin in chitosan |
CA2586587A CA2586587C (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-11-24 | Method of determining tropomyosin in chitosan |
EP05809400A EP1816474B1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-11-24 | Method of determining tropomyosin in chitosan |
US13/066,369 US20110196140A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2011-04-13 | Chitosan having tropomyosin content assessed by method of determining tropomyosin in chitosan |
US13/317,664 US20120045783A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2011-10-25 | Method of determining tropomyosin in chitosan |
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US11/667,412 A-371-Of-International US20070292903A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2005-11-24 | Method of detemining tropomyosin in chitosan |
US13/066,369 Division US20110196140A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2011-04-13 | Chitosan having tropomyosin content assessed by method of determining tropomyosin in chitosan |
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CN103792368B (zh) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-10-07 | 暨南大学 | 一种表面等离子体共振免疫传感芯片及其制备方法与应用 |
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JPH06239902A (ja) * | 1993-02-08 | 1994-08-30 | Chon Dong Won | 高純度キチン及びキトサンの製造方法 |
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JP2004346267A (ja) * | 2003-05-26 | 2004-12-09 | Buitekku:Kk | 高純度キトサン水溶液の製造方法 |
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US4536207A (en) * | 1983-07-26 | 1985-08-20 | Igi Biotechnology, Inc. | Nematocidally active chitin-protein complex |
US4760024A (en) * | 1983-08-10 | 1988-07-26 | Miles Inc. | Immobilization of enzymes |
JP2560363B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-23 | 1996-12-04 | ライオン株式会社 | キチン又はキトサン類の精製法 |
US5518736A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-05-21 | Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew | Method of preparing natural-oil-containing emulsions and microcapsules and its uses |
JP2790786B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-16 | 1998-08-27 | 利夫 佐藤 | 皮膚保護剤及びその製造方法 |
US5726123A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-03-10 | Dcv Chitin Technologies, L.P. | Method for treating cotyledonous plants |
JP2000256196A (ja) * | 1999-03-05 | 2000-09-19 | Pias Arise Kk | 抗炎症,抗アレルギー剤 |
CA2313836C (en) * | 2000-03-15 | 2009-06-09 | Cargill, Incorporated | Chitosan and method of preparing chitosan |
US7816514B2 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2010-10-19 | Cargill, Incorporated | Glucosamine and method of making glucosamine from microbial biomass |
NO20015986D0 (no) * | 2001-08-02 | 2001-12-06 | Einar J Mustaparta | Produktet chitosan, samt fremstillingsmetode og anvendelse av chitosan |
US6752938B2 (en) * | 2001-10-13 | 2004-06-22 | Invigor Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | Method of preparing microsphere composite of collagen and bioceramic powder |
US6896809B2 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2005-05-24 | Providence Health System - Oregon | Methods for purifying chitosan |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1816474A4 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
US20120045783A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
EP1816474B1 (en) | 2009-07-08 |
US20070292903A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 |
KR100862139B1 (ko) | 2008-10-09 |
CA2586587A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
CA2586587C (en) | 2011-01-04 |
US20110196140A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
DE602005015354D1 (de) | 2009-08-20 |
KR20070086560A (ko) | 2007-08-27 |
JP2011017724A (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
EP1816474A1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
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