WO2006054399A1 - 燃料電池のセパレータ - Google Patents
燃料電池のセパレータ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006054399A1 WO2006054399A1 PCT/JP2005/018336 JP2005018336W WO2006054399A1 WO 2006054399 A1 WO2006054399 A1 WO 2006054399A1 JP 2005018336 W JP2005018336 W JP 2005018336W WO 2006054399 A1 WO2006054399 A1 WO 2006054399A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- separator
- flow path
- fuel gas
- oxidant gas
- refrigerant
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0221—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separator for a fuel cell, and more particularly to a metal-oil-integrated separator made of a metal and a resin in a fuel cell.
- Metal separators are advantageous in that the cell pitch of the fuel cell can be shortened because they can be manufactured with a reduced thickness, but the degree of freedom is small in terms of forming the separator shape. The degree of freedom is small in that the diffuser portion is formed. Metal separators must have sufficient rigidity to support the reaction force of the compression seal, which is a sealing member, when stacking fuel cells, and the degree of freedom in terms of forming electrolyte membranes and ribs that support the separators. Is small.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-323900 (4th page force is also on page 6, Fig. 1 to Fig. 3) describes a metal-oil-integrated separator in which the outer periphery of the metal separator is made of resin. Disclose. In such a metal resin-integrated separator, a gas flow path for introducing hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is formed in the resin part, so that the corrosion resistance of the gas path is not secured.
- the gas flow path that is, the fuel gas flow path and the acid flow path are provided in one separator.
- the agent gas flow path Since only the agent gas flow path is formed, it is necessary to separately prepare a dedicated separator having a cooling water flow path for circulating cooling water as a refrigerant. Therefore, when a fuel cell is configured using such a separator, the thickness of a single cell of the fuel cell increases and the cell pitch increases, and as a result, the power generation efficiency tends to decrease.
- the present invention has been made after the above-described studies, and can be designed to improve the power generation efficiency by reducing the cell pitch of the fuel cell and to adopt an arbitrary shape in the diffuser region.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell separator capable of increasing the degree of freedom.
- a separator of a fuel cell according to one aspect of the present invention, a pair of metal plates that define a fuel gas flow path, an oxidant gas flow path, and a refrigerant flow path by cooperating the concavo-convex shape of each,
- the fuel gas flow channel, the fuel gas diffuser flow channel that diffuses and distributes the fuel gas before the fuel gas flow channel, the oxidant gas flow channel, and the oxidant gas flow channel diffuses before the oxidant gas flow channel.
- a resin part formed on the pair of metal plates so as to exclude the oxidant gas diffuser flow path to be distributed.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall configuration of a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the principal part showing the laminated structure of the fuel cell stack of the present embodiment, and shows the fuel cell stack of FIG. 1 cut along the Xz plane.
- Fig. 3 is a plan view of an essential part of a fuel cell stack according to the present embodiment as viewed from the anode side of a metal-oil-integrated separator.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of the main part of the separator as viewed from the cathode side.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a CC cross-sectional view of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a metallic separator compared in the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 7 in position.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the principal part showing a configuration in which a seal is added using an adhesive to the separator of the fuel cell stack of the present embodiment, and the position corresponds to FIG. Do
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a configuration in which a seal by a compression seal is added to the separator of the fuel cell stack of this embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 in terms of position.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a configuration in which a seal by a compression seal is added to the metal separator compared in the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 in terms of position.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view of a principal part showing a metal separator plate constituting a separator of a fuel cell stack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the separator according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
- the x, y, and z axes form a three-axis orthogonal coordinate system.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the fuel cell stack of the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows the stacked structure of the fuel cell stack of the present embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the main part of the fuel cell stack according to the present embodiment viewed from the anode side of the metal-oil-integrated separator of the fuel cell stack
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the CC line in FIG. 4
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 4, and FIG. FIG.
- FIGS. 3 Note that the cutting lines A′—A ′, B, —B ′, C′—C ′, and D′—D in FIG. 3 are cross-sections shown in FIGS. Although it is a surface view, for the sake of convenience, the illustration of the cut surface is omitted.
- the fuel cell stack 1 is supplied with a fuel gas containing hydrogen, such as hydrogen gas, and an oxidant gas containing oxygen, such as air.
- a stack 3 is formed by stacking a predetermined number of unit cells 2 that generate an electromotive force by an electrochemical reaction in the z direction.
- a current collector plate 4, an insulating plate 5, and an end plate 6 are disposed at both ends of the laminate 3, and the tie rods 7 are passed through through holes (not shown) that penetrate the laminate 3. Thereafter, a nut (not shown) is screwed onto the end of the tie rod 7 to assemble the fuel cell stack 1.
- fuel gas, oxidant gas, and cooling water as a refrigerant are formed in the separators 15 of each single cell 2.
- the fuel gas is introduced into the corresponding flow path, circulated through the fuel cell stack 1, and then discharged, as shown by the arrow Fin, at the fuel gas inlet 8 where the arrow Fout
- the fuel gas discharge port 9 through which the fuel gas is discharged as shown by the arrow Oin, as shown by the arrow Oin
- the oxidant gas inlet 10 through which the oxidant gas is supplied and as shown by the arrow Omit, the oxidant gas from which the oxidant gas is discharged
- a gas discharge port 11, a refrigerant introduction port 12 through which cooling water is introduced as indicated by an arrow Cin, and a refrigerant discharge port 13 through which cooling water is discharged as indicated by an arrow Cout are formed.
- the fuel gas is introduced from the fuel gas inlet 8 and supplied to the corresponding single cell 2 via the fuel gas flow path formed in the separator, and then the separator.
- the fuel gas is discharged from the fuel gas outlet 9 through the fuel gas flow path formed in FIG.
- the oxidant gas is introduced from the oxidant gas introduction port 10 and supplied to the corresponding single cell 2 through the oxidant gas flow path formed in the separator, and then the oxidant gas flow formed in the separator.
- the coolant is discharged from the oxidant gas discharge port 11 through the passage, and the cooling water is formed in the separator after passing through the corresponding single cell 2 through the coolant flow passage formed in the separator through the coolant introduction port 12.
- the refrigerant is discharged from the refrigerant discharge port 13 through the refrigerant flow path.
- such a single cell 2 includes a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) 14 and a metal resin integral type that is disposed on both surfaces of the membrane electrode assembly 14 respectively.
- the separator 15 and force are also configured.
- Each separator 15 is adjacent to it.
- An example of a configuration in which each separator for two membrane electrode assemblies 14 is also used as one separator will be described.
- the membrane electrode assembly 14 includes, as an example, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 14c using a high molecular electrolyte exhibiting hydrogen ion conductivity as an electrolyte, and an anode catalyst disposed on one surface thereof.
- the anode electrode 14a is composed of a fuel gas diffusion layer
- the force sword electrode 14b is disposed on the other side and is composed of a force sword catalyst and an oxidant gas diffusion layer.
- the powerful membrane electrode assembly 14 has a laminated structure in which the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 14c is sandwiched from both sides by the anode electrode 14a and the force sword electrode 14b.
- the solid electrolyte a solid oxide electrolyte exhibiting oxygen ion conductivity can be used as necessary.
- the separator 15 has a concave and convex shape having a concave portion 16 and a convex portion 17 in the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B.
- a part other than the part, that is, the outer peripheral part, is provided with a resin part 30 formed with a resin to form a metal resin-integrated separator.
- the resin material forming the resin part 30 a polymer material having a high soft spot temperature and less ion elution is preferably used. Specifically, thermosetting such as phenol or epoxy is used. Resin or thermoplastic resin such as PVDF (vinylidene fluoride) can be used.
- the resin material of the resin part 30 is not required to have conductivity like the material used for the carbon separator. Highly productive materials can be used, satisfying the required strength and ensuring the rigidity of the parts.
- the grease part 30 is drawn as a dotted part for identification.
- the concave portion 16 disposed so as to open toward the anode electrode 14a of the membrane electrode assembly 14 cooperates with the anode electrode 14a to provide a fuel gas flow path 18 through which fuel gas flows.
- the concave portion 16 disposed so as to open toward the force sword electrode 14b of the membrane electrode assembly 14 cooperates with the force sword electrode 14b to allow an oxidant gas to flow between them.
- channel 19 the space portion formed by joining the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B and being surrounded by the convex portions 17 and 17 has a refrigerant flow path 20 through which cooling water as a refrigerant flows. Eggplant.
- the separator 15 corresponds to the fuel gas inlet 8, the fuel gas outlet 9, the oxidant gas inlet 10, the oxidant gas outlet 11, the refrigerant inlet 12, and the refrigerant outlet 13.
- Each of the fuel gas introduction mall 21, the fuel gas discharge mould, the oxidant gas introduction mould 23, the oxidant gas discharge mould, the refrigerant introduction mould 22, and the refrigerant discharge mould are connected to each other. , All of which are formed in the resin portion 30.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 for convenience, only the introduction side hold, that is, the fuel gas introduction manifold 21, the refrigerant introduction manifold 22, and the oxidant gas introduction manifold 23 is illustrated. Since the exhaust side hold, that is, the fuel gas discharge hold, the refrigerant discharge hold, and the oxidizing agent gas discharge hold have the same configuration as the introduction side hold, Illustration is omitted.
- a fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 is formed on the anode electrode 14 a side of the separator 15 to allow the fuel gas to flow while diffusing from the fuel gas introduction manifold 21 to the fuel gas flow path 18. Yes.
- the fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 is formed in a flow path area between the fuel gas introduction mold 21 and the fuel gas flow path 18, and the fuel gas introduced from the fuel gas introduction mold 21 is respectively supplied to the fuel gas diffuser flow path 24. It functions as a distribution channel to supply the fuel gas channel 18 evenly.
- the corner portion 21A of the flow path from the fuel gas introduction manifold 21 to the fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 has a curved surface to reduce the pressure loss of the fluid. It is made into a shape. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the corner 21A has a rounded R shape.
- a similar fuel gas diffuser flow path is provided via a flow path with corners having an R shape. Formed in contact.
- the fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 has a flow path shape formed by a resin portion 30 that adheres in a predetermined shape to a trapezoidal portion of the anode separator plate 15A in a plan view as shown in FIG. Is defined. That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, a flow path partition wall 31 that partitions the fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 is configured as a part of the resin portion 30, and the fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 is viewed in plan view. Make a roughly triangular area! /
- an oxidant gas diffuser for allowing the oxidant gas to flow while diffusing the oxidant gas into the oxidant gas flow path 19 including the oxidant gas introduction manifold 23.
- a flow path 25 is formed.
- the oxidant gas diffuser flow path 25 is formed in a flow path region between the oxidant gas introduction manifold 23 and the oxidant gas flow path 19 and is oxidized from the oxidant gas introduction manifold 23. It functions as a distribution channel for supplying the agent gas to each oxidant gas channel 19 evenly.
- the corner portion 23A of the flow path from the oxidant gas introduction manifold 23 to the oxidant gas diff user flow path 25 has a curved surface shape in order to reduce the pressure loss of the fluid.
- the corner 23A has a rounded R shape.
- a similar oxidant gas diffuser flow path has a R-shaped flow path at the corners. Formed through! Speak.
- the oxidant gas diffuser flow path 25 is attached to the trapezoidal portion of the cathode separator plate 15B in a predetermined shape as seen in plan view as shown in FIG.
- the oil channel 30 defines the flow channel shape. That is, the flow path partition wall 32 that divides the oxidant gas diffuser flow path 25 shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 is configured as a part of the resin portion 30, and the oxidant gas diffuser flow path 25 is configured as a fuel gas diffuser. Similar to the flow path 24, it has a substantially triangular shape in plan view.
- the fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 has fuel in the fuel gas flow path 18 as shown in FIGS.
- a fuel gas diffuser rib 26 is formed to disperse and distribute the fuel gas.
- the powerful fuel gas diffuser rib 26 is a part of the resin part 30.
- the fuel gas diffuser 1 rib 26 is disposed on the farthest side from the fuel gas introduction manifold 21 in the substantially triangular fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 so that the fuel gas is evenly distributed to all the fuel gas flow paths 18.
- the flow path 18 is substantially parallel to the side 311 of the directional force, and extends from the side 311 toward the apex 31p opposite to the side 311, while reducing the rib length, and is viewed in plan on the anode separator plate 15A. It is arranged obliquely at.
- an oxidant gas diffuser rib 2 for dispersing and flowing the oxidant gas in the oxidant gas channel 19. 7 is formed.
- the oxidant gas diffuser rib 27 is a part of the resin part 30.
- the oxidant gas diffuser rib 27 is the most from the oxidant gas introduction manifold 23 in the substantially triangular oxidant gas diffuser flow path 25 so that the oxidant gas is evenly distributed to all the oxidant gas flow paths 19.
- the force sword separator plate 15B extends to the far side of the fuel gas flow path 19 while being directed in parallel to the side 321 and extending from the side 321 to the apex 32p facing the side 321 while shortening the rib length. Arranged diagonally in plan view.
- the separator 15 is formed with a refrigerant diffuser flow path 28 for circulating the refrigerant from the refrigerant introduction manifold 22 to the refrigerant flow path 20 while diffusing it.
- the powerful refrigerant diffuser flow path 28 is provided by using a space portion formed by joining the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B, which are two metal plates. That is, in the refrigerant diffuser flow path 28, the cooling water is dispersed and distributed evenly in all the refrigerant flow paths 20, so that typically the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B are provided as shown in FIG.
- the refrigerant diffuser ribs 29 formed by joining are separated from each other.
- the powerful refrigerant diffuser rib 29 is formed with protrusions that can protrude toward each other on the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B, and the protrusions are joined to each other. Formed with. Specifically, the refrigerant diffuser rib 29 distributes cooling water from the refrigerant introduction manifold 22 to all the refrigerant flow paths 20. As shown in FIG. 9, the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B are spaced from each other by a predetermined distance from the refrigerant introduction mall 22 to the refrigerant flow path 20 as shown in FIG.
- the refrigerant diffuser rib 29 formed by abutting the protruding portions, not only the refrigerant diffuser flow path 28 is defined, but also the rigidity and strength of the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B. It is possible to prevent such a phenomenon that the separator plate falls into the separator 15. Note that, for the convenience of forming the resin part 30, the opposite side force of the joint part also has the resin part 30 rotating around the protrusions of the separator plates 15 A and 15 B constituting the refrigerant diffuser rib 29. Powerful.
- the metal-oil-integrated separator 15 of the present embodiment is other than the concavo-convex shape portion having the concave portion 16 and the convex portion 17 in the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B.
- each diffuser flow path 24 In accordance with a so-called diffuser region in which 25 is formed, a resin part in which a metal separator consisting of two metal plates, an anode separator plate 15A and a force sword separator plate 15B, is coated with resin 30 It is configured by adding.
- the powerful grease portion 30 includes the outer peripheral portions of the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B, each of the molds 21 to 23, the fuel gas diffuser rib 26, and the oxidant gas diffuser rib. Including 27.
- the thickness of the resin part 30 needs to be secured to a necessary and sufficient dimension on the seal, particularly in the outer peripheral part of the separator 15, and the outer peripheral part of the resin part 30 secured in this way has a thickness of the separator 15. The thickness will be specified sufficiently and sufficiently.
- a thin metal plate having a predetermined thickness is prepared, and a fuel gas flow path 18, an oxidant gas flow path 19 and a refrigerant flow are formed in a portion to be an active region.
- Road 2 A concavo-convex shape portion that forms 0 and a protrusion portion that forms the refrigerant diffuser rib 29 in a portion to be the diffuser region are formed.
- the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B are formed by pressing the respective two types so as to form the required number.
- the projecting portion of the anode separator plate 15A and the projecting portion of the force sword separator plate 15B are respectively formed so as to define the coolant channel 20 and the coolant diffuser channel 28. Match and join.
- the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B are placed in a resin molding die, and the resin is injected and filled into the cavity, so-called insert molding is performed.
- powerful resin molding can employ any molding process such as injection molding or powder compression molding.
- the resin portion 30 is formed over the outer peripheral portion of the separator 15, and in particular, the refrigerant flow path 20 is sealed. Therefore, by forming the strong resin portion 30, it is possible to eliminate a sealing process by a dedicated compression seal or an adhesive that seals the refrigerant flow path 20, and a simple configuration is realized. In addition, it was possible to cure the resin in a state where the shapes of the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B were corrected using the clamping force of the molding die. It is possible to correct the deformation and distortion of the separator plates 15A and 15B, and the assembly process at the time of subsequent stacking can be made simple and reliable. At the same time, each of the holds 21 to 23, the fuel gas diffuser rib 26, and the oxidant gas diffuser rib 27 are formed on the flow path partition walls 31 and 32.
- a compression seal portion for sealing fuel gas and oxidant gas which will be described in detail later, is integrally formed and added, and then the anode electrode 14a side with respect to the membrane electrode assembly 14
- the membrane electrode assembly 14 and the separator 15 are joined together while aligning the force sword electrode 14b side to form a single cell 2.
- the resin portion 30 is formed, if the compression seal is also insert-molded at the same time, the cost can be further reduced.
- fuel gas and The seal portion for sealing the oxidant gas may be prepared in advance with a seal member and bonded to the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B with an adhesive or the like.
- a required number of unit cells 2 are sequentially stacked such that the membrane electrode assemblies 14 and the separators 15 alternate to form the stacked body 3.
- the current collector plate 4, the insulating plate 5 and the end plate 6 are respectively arranged on both surfaces of the laminate 3, and the tie rod 7 is passed through the through-hole penetrating the inside of the laminate 3, and the nut is attached to the end of the tie rod 7.
- the fuel cell stack 1 is assembled by screwing.
- the separator 15 of the present embodiment configured as described above, the fuel gas flow path 18 and the oxidation are formed in the active region by the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B which are two metal plates. Since the agent gas channel 19 and the refrigerant channel 20 are formed, the thickness of the separator itself can be minimized. As a result, in the fuel cell stack 1, the cell pitch between the single cells 2 can be shortened, and the fuel cell stack 1 with excellent power density, that is, power generation efficiency can be realized.
- a strength of 0.2 to 0.3 mm or more is required from the viewpoint of strength and gas shielding properties, whereas the metal separator of this embodiment is required.
- a thickness of about 0.05 mm can be achieved, and it can be said that the separator is extremely thin.
- each of the marker portions such as the fuel gas introduction manifold 21, the refrigerant introduction manifold 22, the oxidant gas introduction manifold 23, etc. is made of resin. Since it is formed, the shape of the hold hole can be set with a high degree of freedom.
- the fuel gas diffuser flow path 24 and the oxidant gas diffuser flow path 25 having the corresponding diffuser ribs 26 and 27 can also determine the flow path shape by the resin, so that the fuel gas and the oxidant gas Can be set with a high degree of freedom in consideration of the fluid flow efficiency.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a metal separator compared in the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 7 in terms of position.
- the separator 150 is not an integrated metal and resin. This is simply because the anode separator plate 150A and the force sword separator plate 150B, each of which also has a metal plate force, are juxtaposed, and a compression seal 33 is added to seal them between the membrane electrode assembly. It differs from the configuration of the form. The remaining points are the same as the configuration of the present embodiment, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the figure, the compression seal 33 is shown in a collapsed state when the fuel cell is stacked.
- the metal separator 150 in order to achieve both corrosion resistance and high surface conductivity, it is common to use a metal plate that is surface-treated on a base material (for example, stainless steel). is there. However, when punching out the hole for the metal plate manifold, the surface treatment layer may peel off at the outer periphery of the hole. If this happens, the polymer electrolyte membrane may be caused by corrosion of the substrate or metal ion elution. It will promote the deterioration of.
- a base material for example, stainless steel
- each of the molds 21 to 23 is formed of resin, so that fluid such as corrosion and metal ion elution are not only eliminated.
- the corners 21A and 23A can be easily curved so that the pressure loss of the fluid can be further reduced.
- the opening end of the refrigerant diffuser flow path 28 is a force that exposes the metal that is the base material of each separator plate.
- fuel gas or oxidant gas The degree of influence of metal corrosion, etc. compared to the flow path part of !, etc.! Even if metal ions are eluted in the flow path of the refrigerant, The impact is considered to be extremely small.
- a plurality of refrigerant diffuser ribs 29 are formed in the refrigerant diffuser flow path 28, so that the metal thin plate (the anode separator plate 150A and the force sword is rigid).
- the strength and rigidity can be increased compared to the separator plate 150B), and the anode separator plate 15A and the force sword separator plate 15B in the separator 15 can be reliably held.
- the refrigerant diffuser rib 29 can be easily formed by press forming a metal plate. Furthermore, when the rib 150 is formed on the refrigerant flow path side only by processing the metal plate separator 150 by press molding, the opposite side is formed.
- ribs can be formed independently of the metal plate by the grease part 30 provided over the outer periphery of the separator, and the degree of freedom of providing the ribs is high. it can be
- the outer peripheral part of the separator is formed by the resin part 30, so that the outer peripheral shape can be designed into a free shape. Furthermore, when the separator 150 is formed only with a metal plate, strength and rigidity are lost as the thickness of the separator 150 is reduced, and the force that tends to be difficult to add a compression seal or adhere to a membrane electrode assembly. In the separator 15 according to the embodiment, even if the thickness of the metal plate is thin, the strength and rigidity can be sufficiently secured by sufficiently taking the thickness of the resin portion 30.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing a configuration in which a seal is further added to the separator of the fuel cell stack described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9 using an adhesive. Corresponds to Figure 5.
- the seal portion can be configured using an adhesive.
- an adhesive groove 34 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the resin portion 30 so that the adhesive that adheres to form the seal portion does not flow out, and the adhesive is formed in the adhesive groove 34. Filled.
- the adhesive groove 34 can be formed into an arbitrary shape with a high degree of freedom.
- the wettability between the silicone-based adhesive such as silicone supplied to the adhesive groove 34 and the resin of the resin part 30 is good, it is possible to ensure sufficient adhesive strength. .
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a principal part showing a configuration in which a seal by a compression seal is further added to the separator of the fuel cell stack described with reference to FIGS. Corresponds to 5.
- the separator 15 of this embodiment uses a compression seal 35 to One part can be constructed. Specifically, a compression seal 35 made of silicone rubber is provided in a compression seal groove 36 formed on the outer periphery of the resin portion 30. Compression seal 35 is ⁇ material different from the ⁇ portion 30, in a series of molding steps immediately after molded compression seal groove 36 of ⁇ section 30, a compression seal 35 in the compressed seal groove 36 By mounting and bonding, they are integrally molded as a different material molding. In the figure, the compression seal 35 is crushed and shown in a free state (height h).
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a configuration in which a seal by a compression seal is added to the metal separator compared in the present embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 5 in terms of position.
- the anode separator plate 250A and the force sword separator plate 250B are joined, and the separator 250 having the fuel gas flow path 18, the oxidant gas flow path 19 and the refrigerant flow path 20 is joined to the resin portion.
- This is different from the configuration described above in that the compression seal 35 is applied without using a gap.
- the remaining points are the same as in the configuration described above, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the compression seal 33 is shown in a collapsed state when the fuel cell is stacked.
- an anode separator plate 250A and a force sword having a thin metal plate force with low rigidity In order to securely seal with the separator plate 250B, it is necessary to adopt a configuration in which the thin metal plate is not deformed by the reaction force from the compression seal 35. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, it is possible to add a highly rigid portion such as a rib 37 in the vicinity of the compression seal 35. As a result, the active region contributing to power generation is reduced. The output density will decrease.
- the seal of the refrigerant flow path 20 is theoretically performed and obtained at the resin portion 30, and therefore, the compression seal 35 is further carefully added.
- the free height h of the compression seal 35 itself can be small, and the space in the height direction of the seal portion can be small.
- the compression seal 35 can also be reduced in the width direction, the volume of the compression seal 35 itself can be reduced, and the separator 15 having an excellent output density can be obtained.
- the adhesive seal groove 34 and the compression seal groove 36 can be freely formed by the resin portion 30 in any configuration to which the adhesive and the compression seal 35 are applied. It is easy and reliable to control the flow of the adhesive and to prevent the compression seal 35 from being crushed. Moreover, if it is a coverable structure, the wettability of the adhesive or the compression seal 35 and the resin part 30 is good, and an excellent adhesive strength can be obtained.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view of a principal part showing a metallic separator plate constituting a separator of a fuel cell stack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the refrigerant diffuser rib in the anode separator plate and the force sword separator plate is different from the configuration of the above-described embodiment.
- the same components will be given the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified as appropriate.
- the refrigerant diffuser rib 29 ′ is formed as a plurality of protrusions (ribs).
- the plurality of refrigerant diffuser ribs 29 ' are provided on the anode separator plate 55A and the power sword separator plate 55B that distribute the cooling water from the refrigerant introduction mold 22 to all the refrigerant flow paths 20 and distribute them uniformly! /
- the coolant is placed in a radial pattern so that the coolant, which is the coolant, flows radially from the coolant introduction manifold 22 toward the coolant channel 20 in a plan view.
- the locating hole 38 through which the locating bin is passed can be formed together by the press carriage of the separator plates 55A and 55B.
- the separator plates 55A and 55B it is necessary to extend the separator plates 55A and 55B so as to include the locating hole 38, and in this case, the refrigerant introduction mall 22 is also formed on the separator plates 55A and 55B. It will be necessary.
- a separator configured by bonding two metal plates has a basic configuration in which a fuel gas channel, an oxidant gas channel, and a refrigerant channel are formed. This eliminates the need for a dedicated cooling separator having a refrigerant flow path, shortens the cell pitch between single cells, and increases power generation efficiency.
- the fuel gas flow path, the oxidant gas flow path, and the refrigerant flow path are formed in the separator formed by bonding the two metal plates.
- the separator formed by bonding the two metal plates.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2004-333570 | 2004-11-17 | ||
JP2004333570A JP4852840B2 (ja) | 2004-11-17 | 2004-11-17 | セパレータ |
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WO2006054399A1 true WO2006054399A1 (ja) | 2006-05-26 |
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PCT/JP2005/018336 WO2006054399A1 (ja) | 2004-11-17 | 2005-10-04 | 燃料電池のセパレータ |
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JP2007200700A (ja) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池及びその製造方法 |
JP2008176941A (ja) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-31 | Kurimoto Ltd | 固体高分子型燃料電池 |
WO2010054744A1 (de) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Daimler Ag | Bipolarplatte für eine brennstoffzellenanordnung, insbesondere zur anordnung zwischen zwei benachbarten membran-elektroden-anordnungen in einem brennstoffzellenstapel |
EP2299527A1 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-03-23 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell |
US9991524B2 (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2018-06-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell separator, fuel cell current collector plate, fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
JP2021077629A (ja) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-05-20 | トヨタ モーター エンジニアリング アンド マニュファクチャリング ノース アメリカ,インコーポレイテッド | 流れの均一性を有する燃料電池バイポーラプレート |
WO2022253384A1 (de) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-08 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Bipolarplatte und verfahren zum betrieb eines brennstoffzellensystems |
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JP5139753B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-30 | 2013-02-06 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
JP2009252470A (ja) * | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-29 | Hitachi Ltd | セパレータ及びそれを用いた固体高分子形燃料電池 |
JP4901913B2 (ja) | 2009-06-05 | 2012-03-21 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
JP5349184B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-23 | 2013-11-20 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池スタック |
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JP5383540B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-12 | 2014-01-08 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池スタック |
JP2013125639A (ja) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-24 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
KR101416390B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-07-08 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 연료 전지용 금속 분리판, 이를 포함하는 연료 전지 스택 및 이에 적용되는 가스켓 어셈블리 |
GB2509317A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Fluid flow plate for a fuel cell |
GB2509318A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-02 | Intelligent Energy Ltd | Flow plate for a fuel cell |
FR3033668B1 (fr) | 2015-03-09 | 2019-07-26 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Pile a combustible presentant une structure renforcee |
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WO2010054744A1 (de) * | 2008-11-12 | 2010-05-20 | Daimler Ag | Bipolarplatte für eine brennstoffzellenanordnung, insbesondere zur anordnung zwischen zwei benachbarten membran-elektroden-anordnungen in einem brennstoffzellenstapel |
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