WO2006048977A1 - Dispositif d’épuration de gaz d’échappement - Google Patents

Dispositif d’épuration de gaz d’échappement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006048977A1
WO2006048977A1 PCT/JP2005/017128 JP2005017128W WO2006048977A1 WO 2006048977 A1 WO2006048977 A1 WO 2006048977A1 JP 2005017128 W JP2005017128 W JP 2005017128W WO 2006048977 A1 WO2006048977 A1 WO 2006048977A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reducing agent
pressure
engine
agent container
upper space
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2005/017128
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Nobuhiko Masaki
Tomoyasu Harada
Original Assignee
Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd. filed Critical Nissan Diesel Motor Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2006048977A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006048977A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2067—Urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1473—Overflow or return means for the substances, e.g. conduits or valves for the return path
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique that makes it difficult for clogging to occur in a reducing agent supply system in an exhaust purification device that reduces and purifies nitrogen oxides (NOx) in exhaust using a liquid reducing agent.
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • Patent Document 1 As a catalyst purification system for removing NOx contained in engine exhaust, an exhaust purification device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-27627 (Patent Document 1) has been proposed. Such an exhaust purification device performs catalytic reduction of NOx and liquid reducing agent in the exhaust gas by injecting and supplying a liquid reducing agent according to the engine operating state upstream of the reduction catalyst disposed in the engine exhaust system. It reacts to purify NOx into harmless components.
  • the liquid reducing agent an aqueous urea solution that generates ammonia by hydrolysis using exhaust heat and water vapor in the exhaust is used.
  • Patent Document 1 JP 2000-27627 A
  • the present invention supplies the liquid reducing agent by pressurizing the upper space of the closed reducing agent container for storing the liquid reducing agent to a predetermined pressure or higher. It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust purification device that assists in reducing the clogging of the reducing agent supply system.
  • the exhaust emission control device stores a liquid reducing agent.
  • a reducing agent container having a sealed structure; a reduction catalyst disposed in an engine exhaust passage for reducing and purifying nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas using a liquid reducing agent supplied from the reducing agent container; and an upper portion of the reducing agent container
  • a pressure regulator capable of adjusting the space to an arbitrary pressure, an operation state detection device that detects the engine operation state, and a control that controls the pressure regulator by inputting the engine operation state detected by the operation state detection device.
  • the control unit determines whether or not the engine is operating based on the engine operating state, and when determining that the engine is operating, the reducing agent container
  • the pressure regulator is controlled so that the upper space of the chamber becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure.
  • the exhaust gas purification apparatus is provided in a sealed reducing agent container for storing a liquid reducing agent and an engine exhaust passage, and is supplied from the reducing agent container.
  • An air supply control valve that controls the supply of the decompressed air into the reducing agent container, an operation state detection device that detects the engine operation state, and an engine operation state detected by the operation state detection device are input.
  • a control unit that controls opening and closing of the air supply control valve, and the control unit determines whether or not the engine is operating based on the engine operating state. The air supply control valve is opened when it is determined that the engine is operating.
  • the exhaust emission control device of the present invention when the engine is operating, the upper space of the reducing agent container is pressurized to at least a predetermined pressure, so that the liquid reduction stored in the reducing agent container is performed.
  • the agent is pressed by the air present in the upper space and is pumped to the reducing agent supply system. For this reason, even if a slight clogging occurs in the reducing agent supply system, it is forcibly discharged by the liquid reducing agent that is pumped, so that the clogging in the reducing agent supply system can be made difficult to occur.
  • the liquid reducing agent is pumped to the reducing agent supply system, the degree of freedom in equipment layout can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an exhaust emission control device to which the present invention is applied. 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the exhaust gas purification apparatus according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the control content of the above.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of an exhaust purification apparatus according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the control content of the above.
  • Figure 1 shows the overall configuration of an exhaust purification system that uses urea aqueous solution as a liquid reducing agent to purify NOx in engine exhaust by a catalytic reduction reaction.
  • An exhaust pipe 14 connected to the exhaust manifold 12 of the engine 10 includes a nitrogen oxidation catalyst 16 that oxidizes monoxide-nitrogen (NO) to diacid-nitrogen (NO) along the exhaust flow direction.
  • a nitrogen oxidation catalyst 16 that oxidizes monoxide-nitrogen (NO) to diacid-nitrogen (NO) along the exhaust flow direction.
  • a soot ammonia acid catalyst 22 is provided.
  • the aqueous urea solution stored in the reducing agent container 24 having a sealed structure is supplied to the reducing agent addition device 28 through a supply pipe 26 having a suction opening at the bottom thereof, while the reducing agent-added calorie is supplied. Excess urea aqueous solution that does not contribute to the injection in the apparatus 28 is returned to the upper space of the reducing agent container 24 through the return pipe 30.
  • the reducing agent addition device 28 is controlled by a reducing agent addition control unit (hereinafter referred to as "reducing agent addition ECU") 32 having a built-in computer, and mixes an aqueous urea solution according to the engine operating state with air. While being supplied to the injection nozzle 18.
  • reducing agent addition ECU reducing agent addition control unit
  • the engine operation state including the engine operation information is read from an engine control unit (hereinafter referred to as “engine ECU”! 34 connected via CAN (Controller Area Network).
  • engine ECU 34 corresponds to the driving state detection device, but the driving state detection device may be configured by various sensors (the same applies hereinafter).
  • reference numeral 36 in the figure denotes a concentration sensor that detects the concentration of the urea aqueous solution stored in the reducing agent container 24 that ensures the function as an exhaust gas purification device.
  • the urea aqueous solution injected and supplied from the injection nozzle 18 through the powerful exhaust purifier is hydrolyzed by the exhaust heat and the water vapor in the exhaust, and converted into ammonia. It is known that the converted ammonia reacts with NOx in the exhaust gas in the NOx reduction catalyst 20 and is purified into water and harmless gas. At this time, NO is reduced by NOx reduction catalyst 20 to improve NO X purification efficiency.
  • the ammonia that has passed through the original catalyst 20 is oxidized by the ammonia acid catalyst 22 disposed downstream of the exhaust gas, so that it is possible to prevent ammonia that emits a strange odor from being released into the atmosphere as it is.
  • the reducing agent container 24 includes a pressure regulator 38 that can adjust the upper space to an arbitrary pressure, and a pressure detection device that detects the pressure p of the upper space.
  • a pressure sensor 40 is attached respectively.
  • the reducing agent addition ECU 32 controls the pressure regulator 38 according to signals from the engine ECU 34 and the pressure sensor 40 by executing a control program stored in the ROM (Read Only Memory).
  • FIG. 3 shows specific contents of a control program that is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals in the reducing agent addition ECU 32.
  • step 1 (abbreviated as “S1” in the figure, the same applies hereinafter), the pressure sensor 40 starts the reducing agent. Read the pressure p in the upper space of container 24.
  • step 2 it is determined whether or not the engine 10 is operating based on the engine operation information read from the engine ECU 34 via CAN. Then, if the engine 10 is operating, the process proceeds to step 3 (Yes), while if the engine 10 is stopped! / Speaks, the process proceeds to step 5 (No).
  • step 3 whether the pressure p in the upper space of the reducing agent container 24 is less than a first predetermined value p.
  • the first predetermined value p is a value for pressurizing the upper space of the reducing agent container 24.
  • pressurization control of the pressure regulator 38 is performed. On the other hand, if the pressure p is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value p
  • step 5 whether the pressure p in the upper space of the reducing agent container 24 is greater than a second predetermined value p.
  • the second predetermined value p is a value for depressurizing the upper space of the reducing agent container 24.
  • the pressure regulator 38 is pressure-reduced. On the other hand, if the pressure p is less than or equal to the second predetermined value p, the pressure is reduced.
  • the upper space of the reducing agent container 24 is pressurized to a pressure equal to or higher than the first predetermined value p by the pressure regulator 38. Is done.
  • the urea aqueous solution stored in the reducing agent container 24 is pressed by the air existing in the upper space and is pumped to the supply pipe 26. Therefore, even if a slight clogging occurs in the reducing agent supply system, it is forcibly discharged from the injection nozzle 18 by the urea aqueous solution that is pumped, so that the reducing agent supply system is hardly clogged.
  • the reducing agent addition device 28 can be positioned above the reducing agent container 24, and the degree of freedom in equipment layout can be improved.
  • the reducing agent supply system The existing urea aqueous solution is sucked into the reducing agent container 24 by a negative pressure, and can be reliably collected in the reducing agent container 24 in a short time. Therefore, when the engine 10 is stopped, the solute (urea) is hardly precipitated from the urea aqueous solution present in the reducing agent supply system, and clogging is less likely to occur in the reducing agent supply system.
  • the reducing agent container 24 is controlled to control the supply of air that has been regulated to a predetermined pressure and the atmospheric release control valve 42 that is an electromagnetic on-off valve that arbitrarily opens the upper space to the atmosphere.
  • An air supply control valve 44 composed of an electromagnetic on-off valve is attached.
  • the air stored in the air reservoir 46 is supplied to the air supply control valve 44 after being reduced to a predetermined pressure by the pressure reducing valve 48.
  • the reducing agent addition ECU 32 executes the control program stored in the ROM, thereby controlling the opening / closing of the air release control valve 42 and the air supply control valve 44 according to the signal from the engine ECU 34.
  • FIG. 5 shows specific contents of a control program that is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals in the reducing agent addition ECU 32.
  • step 11 it is determined whether or not the engine 10 is operating based on the engine operation information read from the engine ECU 34 via CAN. If the engine 10 is operating, the process proceeds to step 12 (Yes), while if the engine 10 is stopped, the process proceeds to step 13 (No).
  • step 12 the air release control valve 42 is closed while the air supply control valve 44 is opened.
  • step 13 the air release control valve 42 is opened while the air supply control valve 44 is closed.
  • the upper space of the reducing agent container 24 can be secured by the air release control valve 42 being closed.
  • the air supply control valve 44 is opened, so that the air reduced to a predetermined pressure is supplied from the air reservoir 46.
  • the urea aqueous solution stored in the reducing agent container 24 is pressed by the air supplied to the upper space and is pumped to the supply pipe 26.
  • the pressure force in the upper space of the reducing agent container 24 becomes equal to the pressure of the air reduced by the pressure reducing valve 48, Since the air supply to the reducing agent container 24 is stopped, the air stored in the air reservoir 46 is not wasted even if the air supply control valve 44 is kept open.
  • the present invention is not limited to an exhaust gas purification device that uses an aqueous urea solution as a reducing agent, but can also be applied to an ammonia aqueous solution, light oil mainly composed of hydrocarbons, gasoline, kerosene, or the like as a reducing agent. That's ugly! /

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

Pendant qu’un moteur tourne, la pression dans l’espace supérieur d’un conteneur d’agent réducteur dont la structure est scellée, augmente jusqu’à une pression prédéterminée p1 grâce à un régulateur de pression capable de réguler de façon arbitraire la pression dans l’espace confiné. Par ailleurs, tandis que le moteur est à l’arrêt, la pression dans l’espace supérieur du conteneur d’agent réducteur est réduite par le régulateur de pression jusqu’à une pression prédéterminée p2 qui est au moins inférieure ou égale à la pression atmosphérique. Alors que le moteur tourne, un agent réducteur de liquide est comprimé par l’air présent dans l’espace supérieur du conteneur d’agent réducteur et envoyé par la pression à un circuit d’alimentation en agent réducteur. De plus, tandis que le moteur est à l’arrêt, l’agent réducteur de liquide dans le circuit d’alimentation en agent réducteur est récupéré en toute fiabilité dans le conteneur d’agent réducteur. De ce fait, même en cas de légère obstruction du circuit d’alimentation en agent réducteur, cette obstruction est éliminée de force par l’agent réducteur envoyé par la pression, et seul un solvant s’évapore de l’agent réducteur de liquide pendant l’arrêt du moteur pour empêcher la séparation du soluté de l’agent réducteur.
PCT/JP2005/017128 2004-11-04 2005-09-16 Dispositif d’épuration de gaz d’échappement WO2006048977A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004-320528 2004-11-04
JP2004320528A JP4290110B2 (ja) 2004-11-04 2004-11-04 排気浄化装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006048977A1 true WO2006048977A1 (fr) 2006-05-11

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WO (1) WO2006048977A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2449499A (en) * 2006-06-19 2008-11-26 Ford Global Tech Llc A method for venting a vehicle emissions treatment system
US20140227138A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2014-08-14 Isuzu Motors Limited Method for removing foreign matter and selective reduction catalyst system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP4730278B2 (ja) * 2006-10-20 2011-07-20 株式会社デンソー エンジンの排気浄化装置
JP2008151094A (ja) 2006-12-20 2008-07-03 Aisan Ind Co Ltd 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
JP4853472B2 (ja) 2007-12-21 2012-01-11 株式会社デンソー 尿素水ポンプおよび尿素水噴射システム
JP5475243B2 (ja) 2008-03-07 2014-04-16 ボッシュ株式会社 還元剤供給装置の制御装置及び還元剤の回収方法並びに排気浄化装置
JP5255427B2 (ja) * 2008-12-26 2013-08-07 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 尿素水タンク
JP5091933B2 (ja) * 2009-10-01 2012-12-05 日立建機株式会社 排気浄化装置
JP5010662B2 (ja) * 2009-10-08 2012-08-29 ヤンマー株式会社 排気浄化装置
JP5325850B2 (ja) * 2009-10-30 2013-10-23 ボッシュ株式会社 還元剤噴射弁の異常検出装置及び異常検出方法、並びに内燃機関の排気浄化装置
JP6506679B2 (ja) * 2015-11-09 2019-04-24 日立建機株式会社 作業機械
KR101960689B1 (ko) * 2017-12-13 2019-07-15 한국에너지기술연구원 공기압을 이용한 요소수 분사장치 및 그를 포함하는 NOx 저감장치

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01210017A (ja) * 1988-02-19 1989-08-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 排ガス脱硝用のＮＯｘ還元剤注入法
JPH03129712U (fr) * 1990-04-10 1991-12-26
JPH08193511A (ja) * 1994-10-12 1996-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh 排ガスを後処理するための装置
JP2001523165A (ja) * 1997-12-12 2001-11-20 エフエーファウ・モトーレンテヒニク・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コンパニー・コマンディトゲゼルシャフト 酸素を含む排ガス特に内燃機関の排ガス内の窒素酸化物を還元する方法
JP2002327617A (ja) * 2001-03-02 2002-11-15 Haldor Topsoe As ＳＣＲＮＯｘ排出量を低減する方法及びそのための装置
WO2003018177A1 (fr) * 2001-08-18 2003-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ensemble et procede de stockage et de dosage d'un agent de reduction

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH01210017A (ja) * 1988-02-19 1989-08-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 排ガス脱硝用のＮＯｘ還元剤注入法
JPH03129712U (fr) * 1990-04-10 1991-12-26
JPH08193511A (ja) * 1994-10-12 1996-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh 排ガスを後処理するための装置
JP2001523165A (ja) * 1997-12-12 2001-11-20 エフエーファウ・モトーレンテヒニク・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング・ウント・コンパニー・コマンディトゲゼルシャフト 酸素を含む排ガス特に内燃機関の排ガス内の窒素酸化物を還元する方法
JP2002327617A (ja) * 2001-03-02 2002-11-15 Haldor Topsoe As ＳＣＲＮＯｘ排出量を低減する方法及びそのための装置
WO2003018177A1 (fr) * 2001-08-18 2003-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ensemble et procede de stockage et de dosage d'un agent de reduction

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2449499A (en) * 2006-06-19 2008-11-26 Ford Global Tech Llc A method for venting a vehicle emissions treatment system
US20140227138A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2014-08-14 Isuzu Motors Limited Method for removing foreign matter and selective reduction catalyst system
US9441521B2 (en) * 2011-09-28 2016-09-13 Isuzu Motors Limited Method for removing foreign matter from a selective reduction catalyst system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006132384A (ja) 2006-05-25
JP4290110B2 (ja) 2009-07-01

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