WO2006038553A1 - 歪検出装置 - Google Patents
歪検出装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006038553A1 WO2006038553A1 PCT/JP2005/018110 JP2005018110W WO2006038553A1 WO 2006038553 A1 WO2006038553 A1 WO 2006038553A1 JP 2005018110 W JP2005018110 W JP 2005018110W WO 2006038553 A1 WO2006038553 A1 WO 2006038553A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fixing member
- substrate
- strain
- fixed
- detection apparatus
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/10—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means
- G01L5/101—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands using electrical means using sensors inserted into the flexible member
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2206—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports
- G01L1/2231—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports the supports being disc- or ring-shaped, adapted for measuring a force along a single direction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a strain detection device that detects strain generated by applying a load.
- FIG. 12 is a bottom view of a conventional strain detection device
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the strain detection device
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting state of the strain detection device.
- An insulating substrate (hereinafter referred to as a substrate) 1 has an elastic member and an insulating layer formed on the surface thereof.
- the substrate 1 is fixed to the lower surface of the pressing member 2.
- four strain resistance elements (hereinafter referred to as elements) 3 are provided on the lower surface of the substrate 1.
- the four elements 3 are electrically connected to a pair of power supply electrodes 4, a pair of output electrodes 5, and a pair of ground electrodes 6. As a result, a bridge circuit is configured.
- this strain detection device is used by being fixed to a fixing member 7 with screws 8.
- a pressing force is applied to the upper surface of the substantially central portion of the substrate 1 via the pressing member 2
- a bending moment is generated in the substrate 1 by this pressing force. Due to this bending moment, bending moments are also generated in the four elements 3 provided on the lower surface of the substrate 1.
- the resistance value of element 3 changes. This change in resistance value is output from a pair of output electrodes 5 to an external computer (not shown) or the like, and the pressing force applied to the substrate 1 is calculated.
- the substrate 1 is fastened and fixed to the fixing member 7 with screws 8.
- the fixed position shifts when an impact is applied, the fixed length configured as a beam changes, and the characteristics of the strain detection device, such as sensitivity and zero point voltage, deteriorate.
- the strain detection device of the present invention includes a bridge circuit including at least two strain resistance elements, a substrate, a first fixing member, and a second fixing member.
- the substrate is electrically connected to the strain resistance element It has a circuit part.
- the strain resistance element is disposed on the substrate.
- the first fixing member is fixed to the central portion of the area having the outer periphery of the position where the strain resistance elements are arranged on the substrate.
- the second fixing member is fixed to the outside of the substrate from the position where the strain resistance elements are arranged.
- the axis of the first fixing member, the axis of the second fixing member, and the center of the area are on a straight line, and the first fixing member and the second fixing member are mutually connected to the substrate. They are arranged on two opposite sides.
- the first fixing member and the second fixing member form a beam on the substrate. Since the first fixing member and the second fixing member are integrally fixed to the substrate in this way, the fixing position does not shift when an impact is applied, and the fixing length configured as a beam does not change. For this reason, the characteristics of the strain detection device such as sensitivity and zero point voltage are not easily changed.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the strain detection apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing a process of manufacturing a substrate in the strain detection apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3B is a perspective view showing a process following FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 3C is a perspective view showing a process following FIG. 3B.
- FIG. 3D is a perspective view showing a process following FIG. 3C.
- FIG. 3E is a perspective view showing a process following FIG. 3D.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another second fixing member of the strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of another strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the substrate and the second fixing member in the strain detection apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of a strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an oblique view showing the arrangement of the substrate and the second fixing member in the strain detection apparatus shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a bottom view of a conventional strain detection device.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a conventional strain detection device.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a mounting state of a conventional strain detection device.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a strain detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the strain detection device
- FIGS. 3 to 3 are diagrams illustrating a substrate manufacturing process in the strain detection device. .
- a first fixing member (hereinafter referred to as a fixing member) 21 is fixed to the first surface, which is the upper surface of the substrate 11 having a stainless steel force.
- a second fixing member (hereinafter referred to as a fixing member) 31 is fixed at a position where its axis coincides with the axis of the fixing member 21.
- a connector 41 is attached to an end portion of the substrate 11 to cover the circuit portion 11N and to extract a signal.
- an insulating layer 11 A is formed on the first surface of the substrate 11.
- the wiring electrode 11B and the strain resistance element 11C are provided on the insulating layer 11A.
- a protective film 11D is laminated thereon as shown in FIG. 3E.
- the strain resistance element 11C is disposed on the substrate 11 and connected to the circuit unit 11N.
- the fixing member 21 has a cylindrical portion 21A and a screw portion 21B whose axial center substantially coincides with the axial center of the cylindrical portion 21A.
- the fixing member 31 has a ring-shaped convex portion 31A and a screw portion 31B whose axial center substantially coincides with the axial center of the convex portion 31A.
- the connector 41 is formed of, for example, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) resin containing a glass filler.
- the connector 41 has at least a frame body 41C and three terminals 41A provided in the frame body 41C, and is provided with a mounting hole 41B.
- FIG. 3B an insulating layer 11A is printed on the upper surface of the substrate 11 shown in FIG. 3A and fired.
- the wiring electrode 11B is printed on the insulating layer 11A and baked.
- the four strain resistance elements 11C are printed by the wiring electrodes 11B so as to form a bridge circuit and fired.
- the protective film 11D is printed and baked so as to cover the portions other than the land portion and the connection electrode 11M used for mounting circuit components such as an IC.
- the protective film 11D is provided to protect each layer that has been printed and baked against moisture and the like.
- the substrate 11 and the fixing member 21 are integrated with each other so that the center of the area 11E used for fixing on the substrate 11 and the axis of the fixing member 21 substantially coincide with each other. Fix it. That is, the fixing member 21 is fixed to the central portion of the area 11E on the upper surface side. At this time, for example, a corner portion formed by the area 11E and the cylindrical portion 21A is welded by a laser. In area 11E, the placement position of the strain resistance element 11C is the outer periphery.
- the fixing member 31 is also arranged in the area 11G for fixing on the lower surface side of the substrate 11 so that the axis of the fixing member 21 and the axis of the fixing member 31 are aligned with each other. Fix it. this At this time, for example, the area 11G and the convex portion 31A are welded by a laser.
- the fixing member 31 is fixed outside the substrate 11 from the position where the strain resistance element 11C is arranged.
- the axis of the fixing member 21, the axis of the fixing member 31, and the center of the area 11E are on a straight line.
- the fixing member 21 and the fixing member 31 are respectively disposed on two surfaces of the substrate 11 facing each other. The outer periphery of the columnar portion 21A of the fixing member 21 and the convex portion 31A of the fixing member 31 thus fixed constitute a beam on the substrate 11.
- the connector 41 is fixed to the hole 11H of the board 11 through the mounting hole 41B with the screw 51. Further, the connection electrode 11M on the substrate 11 is electrically joined to the terminal 41A by solder or the like.
- the inside of the frame body 41C is preferably covered with, for example, silicon grease in order to protect the circuit portion 11N.
- the fixing members 21 and 31 may be disposed upside down with respect to the substrate 11.
- the fixing member 31 is provided with a notch 31C at a position facing the circuit 11N in order to avoid interference with the wiring electrode 11B and the protective film 11D provided on the substrate 11.
- the notch 31C prevents the fixing member 31 from getting on the wiring electrode 11B or the protective film 11D.
- thermal expansion coefficients of the substrate 11 and the fixing members 21 and 31 are substantially the same.
- the fixing members 21 and 31 are also preferably made of stainless steel. Thereby, the welding between the fixing members 21 and 31 and the substrate 11 is not easily broken by thermal expansion.
- an IC that corrects fluctuations in the resistance value of the strain resistance element 11C may be provided in the circuit section 11N. This improves the calculation accuracy of load (strain).
- the fixing member 31 is attached to the attachment member by the screw portion 31B, not shown.
- the fixing member 21 receives a load from the measurement object attached by the screw portion 21B
- the strain resistance 11C changes in resistance due to this distortion. Since the strain resistance element 11C forms a bridge circuit by the wiring electrodes 11B, the output changes according to the strain. In this way, the load from the object to be measured is obtained as a change in output.
- the resulting output change is illustrated It is processed by a non-processing circuit and converted into a load.
- the fixing members 21 and 31 are integrally fixed to the substrate 11.
- the fixed position configured as a beam does not change because the fixed position does not shift when an impact is applied.
- the characteristics of the strain detection device such as sensitivity and zero point voltage fluctuate, and ⁇ stable characteristics are maintained.
- a bridge circuit may be configured by using at least two strain resistance elements 11C and a fixed resistance, in which four strain resistance elements 11C are used.
- the screw portions 21B and 3IB are not necessarily required.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the difference between the first embodiment and the present embodiment is that a hole 11J is provided at the center of an area 11E used for fixing the substrate 11.
- the fixing member 21 is provided with a screw portion 21C at the bottom of the cylindrical portion 21A.
- the inner diameter of the hole portion 11J is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 21A which is larger than the outer diameter of the screw portion 21C.
- the fixing member 31 is provided with a concave portion 31F inside the convex portion 31A.
- a tightening member 61A that engages with the screw portion 21C is fitted into the recess 31F. The rest is the same as in the first embodiment.
- the fixing member 31 is integrally fixed to the substrate 11 so that the tightening member 61A is accommodated (covered) in the recess 31F. At this time, the shaft center of the fixing member 21 and the shaft center of the fixing member 31 are arranged to coincide with each other.
- the strength burden on the fixing member 21 is reduced, and the fracture limit value at the fixing position when an impact is applied is increased.
- the fastening with the fastening member 61A may be performed after welding. Further, the fastening member 61A is applied to the substrate 11 by laser welding, for example. By fixing it more integrally, the tightening member 61A is prevented from loosening and the fracture limit value is increased.
- a female screw is formed in the center of the fixing member 31, and the fixing member 21, 31 is fixed to the substrate 11 by fixing the screw portion 21C to the female screw. It may be tightened and fixed.
- the fixing member 21 and the substrate 11 may be fixed by forming a female screw instead of the hole portion 11J and fastening the screw portion 21C to the female screw.
- the fixing member 21 is provided with a collar portion 21D and a screw portion 21E.
- the fixing member 21 is also inserted into the hole 11J of the substrate 11 by the lower surface side force of the substrate 11, the flange portion 21D of the fixing member 21 and the area 11G of the substrate 11 are fixed by, for example, laser welding.
- the screw portion 21E is fastened and fixed to the board 11 by the fastening member 61B.
- the collar portion 21D is configured to fit (cover) in the recess 31F.
- the fixing member 21 and the substrate 11 do not have to be welded if sufficient strength is obtained by the screw portion 21C and the fastening member 61A or the screw portion 21E and the fastening member 61B. In that case, it is preferable that the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate 11 to be welded and the thermal expansion coefficient of the fixing member 31 substantially coincide with each other.
- FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the substrate and the second fixing member in the strain detection apparatus shown in FIG.
- the insulating layer 11A and the like formed on the upper surface which is the first surface of the substrate 11 are omitted.
- guide portions 31D are provided at two symmetrical locations on the convex portion 31A side of the fixing member 31.
- the rest of the configuration is the same as in Embodiment 1.
- the substrate 11 is inserted into the guide portion 31D, and the fixing member 31 and the substrate 11 are integrally fixed by, for example, laser welding. With this configuration, even if the welding between the fixing member 31 and the substrate 11 is broken, the fixing member 31 is mechanically held on the substrate 11.
- the guide portion 31D may be provided outside the convex portion 31A in addition to being provided on the convex portion 31A of the fixing member 31.
- the guide part 31D is not necessarily provided at two symmetrical positions on the convex part 31A side.
- a guide part 31D into which the substrate 11 is inserted is provided on the side of the fixing member 31 that is fixed to the substrate 11! /!
- FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the arrangement of the substrate and the second fixing member in the strain detection apparatus shown in FIG.
- the insulating layer 11A and the like formed on the upper surface which is the first surface of the substrate 11 are omitted.
- the difference between the second embodiment and the present embodiment is that a through hole 11K is provided in the substrate 11, and a hook portion 31E is provided in the convex portion 31A of the fixing member 31. The rest is the same as in the second embodiment.
- the fixing member 31 By inserting and rotating the hook portion 31E into the through hole 11K, the fixing member 31 is suspended from the substrate 11 as shown in FIG. Thus, after the fixing member 31 is assembled to the substrate 11, it is integrally fixed to the substrate 11 by laser welding, for example. With this configuration, even if the welding of the fixing member 31 and the substrate 11 is broken, the fixing member 31 is mechanically held on the substrate 11.
- FIG. 9 there are three sets of through-holes 11K and bowl-shaped portions 31E.
- the fixing member 31 and the substrate 11 are welded, the above effect can be obtained even if only one set is provided. Demonstrated.
- the hook portion 31E may be provided outside the convex portion 31A in addition to the convex portion 31A. That is, it should be provided on the side fixed to the substrate 11! /. This configuration may be applied to the configuration of the first embodiment!
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate 11 to be welded and the thermal expansion coefficient of the fixing member 21 substantially coincide with each other.
- FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a strain detection apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- the difference between the first embodiment and the present embodiment is that the attachment portions 11L of the fixing members 21 and 31 on the substrate 11 are formed in the same outer shape as the fixing member 31.
- the fixing member 31 and the mounting portion 11L are butt-type.
- the welding depth can be obtained efficiently. Therefore, the welding strength between the fixing member 31 and the substrate 11 is improved, and the fracture limit value at the fixing position when an impact is applied is increased.
- This configuration may be applied to the configurations of Embodiments 2 to 4.
- the length of the beam formed at the time of assembly is not easily changed. Therefore, the characteristics are stable, and it is useful for application to applications such as strain detection devices that require the accuracy of output signals.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05788246.6A EP1783471B1 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-30 | Distortion detector |
US11/663,284 US7658118B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-30 | Distortion detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004292224A JP4779333B2 (ja) | 2004-10-05 | 2004-10-05 | 歪検出装置 |
JP2004-292224 | 2004-10-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006038553A1 true WO2006038553A1 (ja) | 2006-04-13 |
Family
ID=36142628
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/018110 WO2006038553A1 (ja) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-30 | 歪検出装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7658118B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1783471B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4779333B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100582703C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006038553A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006349662A (ja) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-12-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 歪検出装置 |
JP2006349661A (ja) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-12-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 歪検出装置 |
US20140338988A1 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-20 | Robert Zwijze | Occupant weight sensor |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006123708A1 (ja) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-11-23 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 歪検出装置 |
JP6794293B2 (ja) | 2017-02-24 | 2020-12-02 | 日本電産コパル電子株式会社 | 起歪体およびその起歪体を備えた力覚センサ |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS6183929A (ja) * | 1984-09-29 | 1986-04-28 | Fujitsu Ltd | 力検出装置 |
JP3243124B2 (ja) * | 1994-06-21 | 2002-01-07 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 円輪板 |
JP2002257655A (ja) * | 2002-03-06 | 2002-09-11 | Nitta Ind Corp | 静電容量式力センサー |
JP2004152107A (ja) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-27 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 座標入力装置 |
Family Cites Families (15)
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US3915015A (en) * | 1974-03-18 | 1975-10-28 | Stanford Research Inst | Strain gauge transducer system |
CA1259816A (en) | 1984-09-29 | 1989-09-26 | Kazuo Asakawa | Force-detecting apparatus |
JP2584201B2 (ja) * | 1994-01-14 | 1997-02-26 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレイション | 力変換器、コンピュータ・システムおよびキーボード |
JPH0887375A (ja) | 1994-09-16 | 1996-04-02 | Fujitsu Ltd | ポインティングデバイス |
US5991676A (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1999-11-23 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Seat occupant sensing system |
JP3713391B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-12 | 2005-11-09 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 入力装置 |
WO2002103367A1 (en) * | 2001-06-18 | 2002-12-27 | Thomas P. Kicher & Co. | Acceleration transducer and method |
US6578432B2 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-06-17 | Cts Corporation | Seat belt tension sensor |
JPWO2003010651A1 (ja) * | 2001-07-27 | 2004-11-18 | ケイテックデバイシーズ株式会社 | 入力装置及びその製造法 |
US6916997B2 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2005-07-12 | Robert Bosch Corporation | Weight sensors having centralized loose tolerance universal force and Mx/My moments overload stops |
CA2366030A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-20 | Global E Bang Inc. | Profiling system |
JP2004069535A (ja) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-03-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 歪センサ |
JP2004205410A (ja) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-22 | Takata Corp | 荷重センサ及びシート重量計測装置 |
US7255015B2 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2007-08-14 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Occupant weight sensor for vehicular seats, method for making and system therefor |
US6969809B2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-11-29 | Cts Corporation | Vehicle seat weight sensor |
-
2004
- 2004-10-05 JP JP2004292224A patent/JP4779333B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-09-30 EP EP05788246.6A patent/EP1783471B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-30 US US11/663,284 patent/US7658118B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-30 WO PCT/JP2005/018110 patent/WO2006038553A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-09-30 CN CN200580034016A patent/CN100582703C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS6183929A (ja) * | 1984-09-29 | 1986-04-28 | Fujitsu Ltd | 力検出装置 |
JP3243124B2 (ja) * | 1994-06-21 | 2002-01-07 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 円輪板 |
JP2002257655A (ja) * | 2002-03-06 | 2002-09-11 | Nitta Ind Corp | 静電容量式力センサー |
JP2004152107A (ja) * | 2002-10-31 | 2004-05-27 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | 座標入力装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1783471A4 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006349662A (ja) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-12-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 歪検出装置 |
JP2006349661A (ja) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-12-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 歪検出装置 |
US20140338988A1 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-20 | Robert Zwijze | Occupant weight sensor |
US9297687B2 (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2016-03-29 | Sensata Technologies, Inc. | Sense element having a stud fitted within the sense element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1783471A1 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
JP2006105758A (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
CN100582703C (zh) | 2010-01-20 |
EP1783471B1 (en) | 2015-12-09 |
US7658118B2 (en) | 2010-02-09 |
JP4779333B2 (ja) | 2011-09-28 |
CN101036040A (zh) | 2007-09-12 |
US20080245157A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
EP1783471A4 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
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