WO2006025432A1 - 粉末冶金における粉末成形方法および焼結部品の製造方法 - Google Patents
粉末冶金における粉末成形方法および焼結部品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006025432A1 WO2006025432A1 PCT/JP2005/015874 JP2005015874W WO2006025432A1 WO 2006025432 A1 WO2006025432 A1 WO 2006025432A1 JP 2005015874 W JP2005015874 W JP 2005015874W WO 2006025432 A1 WO2006025432 A1 WO 2006025432A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- wax
- ester wax
- mold
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F2003/026—Mold wall lubrication or article surface lubrication
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a powder molding method in powder metallurgy and a method for manufacturing a sintered part, and more specifically, to an improvement in a lubrication method during molding in the field of powder metallurgy, and thereby a complicated shape. Therefore, it is easy to mold a sintered part having a good surface property and a high density.
- the lubricant used for the mold is called the mold lubricant
- the lubricant mixed with the raw material powder is called the powder lubricant.
- Stearic acid and its metal stalagmites and cocoons are generally used.
- the mixed lubrication method is a method in which a lubricant is added to a raw material in advance.
- a lubricant In order to exhibit sufficient lubricity with a mold, it is necessary to add 0.5% by mass or more of the lubricant. This is because the lubricant is solid, so that only what is present at the interface between the powder and the mold contributes to lubrication. If this powder lubricant is increased, the friction and extrusion force will decrease, but the density of the green compact will decrease.
- the push-type lubrication method is a method in which a powdery lubricant is electrostatically attached to the inner wall of the mold to reduce friction between the powder and the mold.
- a powdery lubricant is electrostatically attached to the inner wall of the mold to reduce friction between the powder and the mold.
- the body becomes moldable.
- seizure occurs in areas that are not rubbed, and lubricant is entrained in areas where the lubricant is excessively adhered, resulting in destabilization of density and poor surface properties. .
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-509582 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent Publication No. 10-501270 (Patent Document 2) use an amide-based lubricant.
- a method has been introduced in which a lubricant is deformed when subjected to pressure and shearing force, and plastic force is deformed between particles of the powder composition to reduce the extraction force.
- Patent Document 1 Special Table 2003-509582
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Publication No. 10-501270
- the present invention provides a technique that is more effective in reducing the extraction force due to plastic deformation of the resin and wax and reducing the dynamic friction force required to improve the surface properties.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a powder molding method in powder metallurgy and a method for manufacturing a sintered part, which have a complicated shape, good surface properties, and facilitate molding of a high-density sintered part. That is.
- the powder molding method in powder metallurgy according to the present invention includes a step of adding at least one kind of solid ester wax to an iron-based powder for powder metallurgy to obtain a mixed powder, and a step of molding the mixed powder.
- the melting point of the ester wax is 100 ° C. or less
- the amount of the ester carbonate added is in the range of 0.02% by mass to 0.6% by mass
- the temperature of the mold during molding is controlled. (Melting point of the ester wax + 10 ° C) to 200 ° C or less It is a feature.
- the friction includes a static frictional force at the initial stage of the green compact extrusion (until the stage of movement), and a dynamic frictional force as the green compact starts to move.
- Solid lubrication is suitable for reducing the static frictional force
- liquid lubrication is better for reducing the dynamic frictional force
- reducing the dynamic frictional force is effective for the surface properties of the green compact.
- the present inventors examined a method of allowing a liquid lubricant to uniformly exist at the interface between the mold and the powder even in a complicated shape, and first adding the lubricant to the raw material, Lubricant dissolves due to mold temperature or frictional heat between powders, raises molding pressure and is pushed out to the boundary with the mold, and functions as a liquid lubricant to reduce the dynamic friction force. Specifically, a method has been found in which an ester wax is made to liquid on the mold surface during molding.
- a high-density molded body having a good surface property can be obtained by reducing the frictional force that eliminates the lubrication of the lubricant even in a complex-shaped mold. Is possible. It is especially effective for stainless steel and alloy systems.
- the lubricant includes an ester wax.
- ester wax There are amide waxes (stearic acid amide, ethylenebisstearic acid amide) and hydrocarbon waxes (paraffin wax, polyethylene wax), etc.
- ester wax the purity is higher than other waxes. Therefore, it is possible to synthesize a material having a very narrow melting temperature range.
- the wax can be efficiently dissolved within a short cycle time of compression molding, and it can be oozed out at the interface with the mold.
- ester wax described above include those described in JP-A-2002-212142 and JP-A-2004-059744. Specifically, a. A linear saturated monocarboxylic acid having 14 to 30 carbon atoms, and b. A linear saturated monohydric alcohol having 14 to 30 carbon atoms or a divalent to hexavalent polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 30 carbon atoms. And those obtained by a condensation reaction with. These ester waxes are sharp and have a narrow melting point range. It is a wax type wax.
- ester waxes In ordinary ester waxes, branched fatty acids and polycarboxylic acids are also used as the component a. However, since the viscosity of the ester increases, it is homogeneous at the boundary between the mold and the molded product even when melted during molding. Therefore, it causes seizure and poor appearance such as streaks of the molded product.
- the wax using a branched fatty acid or polyvalent carboxylic acid as the component a is decomposed during heat treatment as compared with the wax using a linear saturated monocarboxylic acid having 14 to 30 carbon atoms as the component a.
- a residue is generated.
- waxes with low melting point and low viscosity there are hydrocarbon waxes (paraffin wax, polyethylene wax) in addition to amide wax, but ester wax has a melting point temperature range narrower than these waxes. Things can be synthesized. As a result, the wax can be efficiently melted in a short time, and the boundary between the mold and the molded body can be effectively lubricated.
- hydrocarbon waxes paraffin wax, polyethylene wax
- ester wax has a melting point temperature range narrower than these waxes. Things can be synthesized. As a result, the wax can be efficiently melted in a short time, and the boundary between the mold and the molded body can be effectively lubricated.
- the melting point of the wax is 100 ° C or less. Since the wax melted inside is dissolved by raising the mold temperature, it is effective to raise the mold temperature by 10 ° C or more above the melting point of the wax. When the mold temperature is raised, deformation between powders is promoted, so that it is possible to increase the density. However, since the fluidity of the powder is deteriorated, the density distribution tends to be deteriorated. Therefore, it is optimal that the melting point of the wax is 100 ° C or lower and the mold temperature is 200 ° C or lower.
- the temperature of the mold is raised, but the temperature of the powder before being introduced into the mold needs to be room temperature. That is, the method of the present invention is not a method for warming both the powder and the mold as in the case of warm forming.
- the amount of added force of the ester wax is 0.02 mass% or more and 0.6 mass% or less. If it is less than 0.02% by mass, seizure will occur, and the amount of the dissolved wax that exudes to the mold interface will be insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 0.6% by mass, the amount of the oozing out of the wax will increase, so Force that can provide good liquid lubricity The amount of wax remaining inside increases, and the expected high-density molded article cannot be obtained. High density is a relative density of 95% or more. Accordingly, the loading amount of the ester wax is from 0.02% by mass to 0.6% by mass, preferably from 0.05% by mass to 0.3% by mass.
- the present invention there are a step of adding at least one solid ester wax to an iron-base powder for powder metallurgy to obtain a mixed powder, and molding the mixed powder.
- the melting point of the ester wax is 60 ° C. or less
- the added amount of the ester wax is in the range of 0.02% by mass or more and 0.6% by mass or less, and cold molding is performed. Is.
- the acid value of the ester wax is 1. O (mgKOHZg) or less and the hydroxyl value is 4.0 (mgKOH / g) or less. It is.
- the mixed powder preferably includes one or more solid lubricants selected from a group force consisting of amide wax, polyamide greaves, and metal sarcophagus. Is equal to or higher than the mold temperature during molding, and the amount of solid lubricant added is more than 0 and not more than 0.4% by mass.
- ester wax in addition to the ester wax, it contains at least one kind of amide wax, polyamide resin, metal stone, and other solid lubricants, and the melting point of these waxes and resin is set higher than the mold temperature set. By doing so, the static frictional force between the mold and the powder can be reduced. For this reason, It is possible to reduce the stress exerted on the molded body when extracting the mold force, to improve the surface properties of the molded body and to prolong the mold life.
- the addition amount of the solid lubricant it is necessary to suppress the addition amount of the solid lubricant to 0.4% by mass or less, and when the addition amount of the solid lubricant is more than 0.4% by mass, the density of the molded body is lowered. Desirably, the amount of solid lubricant added is 0.2% by mass or less.
- the mixed powder preferably includes at least one solid lubricant selected from the group consisting of an amide wax, a polyamide resin, and a metal sarcophagus.
- the melting point of the solid lubricant is 60 ° C. or higher, and the amount of solid lubricant added is more than 0 and not more than 0.4 mass%.
- the static frictional force can be reduced by adding a solid (powder) lubricant such as wax with a melting point of 60 ° C or higher. Further improvement of surface properties ⁇ Suppression of mold wear can be achieved.
- the method for producing a sintered part according to the present invention is characterized in that the molded body formed by the powder forming method in the above-mentioned one and other powder metallurgy is sintered at a temperature of 1000 ° C or higher. is there.
- the molded body formed by the powder forming method in one and other powder metallurgy is in a state where wax is fixed on the surface, it is preferably sintered at a temperature of 1000 ° C or higher. By sintering at 1000 ° C or higher, the wax is completely decomposed and does not remain as a residue on the surface, and good surface properties can be obtained.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic view showing a first step of a powder molding method in powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 2A is a second step of a powder molding method in powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a second step of a powder molding method in powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 2A.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic view showing a third step of a powder molding method in powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a fourth step of a powder molding method in powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state in which a compact is sintered.
- FIG. 1A to 4 are schematic views showing a powder forming method in powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state in which the formed body is sintered.
- 1B is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 1A
- FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 2A
- FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of FIG. 3A.
- At least one solid ester wax 2 is added to iron-based powder 1 for powder metallurgy to obtain mixed powder 3.
- the mixing ratio is adjusted so that the ratio of the ester wax 2 to the mixed powder is 0.02 mass% or more and 0.6 mass% or less.
- an ester wax with a melting point of 100 ° C or lower use an ester wax with a melting point of 100 ° C or lower.
- the ester wax preferably has an acid value of 1.0 (mgKOH / g) or less and a hydroxyl value of 4.0 (mgKOH / g) or less.
- the mixed powder 3 may contain one or more solid lubricants selected from the group power consisting of amide wax, polyamide resin, and metal stone.
- this solid lubricant it is preferable to use a lubricant whose melting point is higher than the temperature of the mold during molding.
- the amount of solid lubricant added is preferably more than 0 and 0.4% by mass or less.
- a pressure molding step is performed on the obtained mixed powder 3.
- the band heater (not shown) of the mold apparatus is energized, and the inner wall of the die 11 is heated to a temperature higher than the temperature at which the ester wax 2 exists in liquid form at the interface between the inner wall of the die 11 and the mixed powder 3.
- the die 11 is heated to a temperature of (melting point of ester wax + 10 ° C.) or higher and 200 ° C. or lower.
- the temperature of the mixed powder 3 is set to a temperature not higher than the melting point of the ester wax 2.
- upper punch 13 is positioned above the internal space of die 11. Move the upper punch 13 downward and press the mixed powder 3 under pressure.
- ester wax 2 is melted by mold temperature or frictional heat between powders to form melt 2a, and the inner wall of die 11 and mixed powder 3 are mixed.
- it functions as a liquid lubricant, reduces the dynamic friction force, and suppresses seizure between the inner wall of the die 11 and the mixed powder 3.
- the solid lubricant has a function of reducing the frictional resistance between the iron-based powder 1 and the wax 2. Expresses lubricity and contributes to improving the density, strength and magnetic properties of the compact.
- ester wax 2a oozes out and solidifies on the surface of molded product 3a.
- the upper punch 13 and the lower punch 12 are raised upward (or when the die 11 has a lower force), and the molded body 3a is taken out from the mold.
- the molded product 3a is heated in the furnace 21 by a heater 22 (in a nitrogen atmosphere, an air atmosphere, etc.) at a temperature higher than the decomposition temperature of the ester wax 2a (temperature of 1000 ° C or higher). Sintering. As a result, the component of the ester wax 2a that has oozed out on the surface of the molded body 3a during compression molding and then solidified is thermally decomposed, and a good surface state of the molded body 3a is obtained.
- a heater 22 in a nitrogen atmosphere, an air atmosphere, etc.
- the melting point of the ester wax is 60 ° C or less, it is molded by cold forming.
- the ester wax 2 may be allowed to exude from the surface of the mold, and in this case, the melting point of the solid lubricant should be 60 ° C or higher.
- the ester wax 2 oozes out as a liquid at the interface between the inner wall of the die 11 and the mixed powder 3, so that unevenness of the lubricant is caused even in a complex-shaped mold. Without reducing the frictional force, it becomes possible to obtain a high-density molded article having good surface properties. Further, the ester wax 2 oozes out as a liquid at the interface between the inner wall of the die 11 and the mixed powder 3, so that the amount of the ester wax 2 remaining in the molded body can be reduced, and the surface property is good and high. It is possible to obtain a molded body having a density (substantially a relative density of 95% or more).
- press molding was performed using a ⁇ 30mm cylindrical mold.
- the mold temperature was set to 120 ° C.
- the mold temperature was set to room temperature, and the molding pressure was 800 MPa. Press molding was performed. The surface state of the molded body and the state of the seepage of wax were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 6.
- the acid value / hydroxyl value of the ester is an index indicating the purity of the wax, and those having a lower acid value / hydroxyl value exhibit a better oozing property because the melting temperature range is narrower.
- Table 6 shows the results. In other words, from the results in Table 6, the acid value of the ester wax is 1.0 (mgKOH / g) and samples A and E having a hydroxyl value of 4.0 (mgKOH / g) or less, both the surface state of the molded body and the state of the exudation of wax are found to be good. Karu.
- Example 1 Compared to Example 1, the surface condition is good, and further improvement of the surface condition can be expected by adding other insoluble wax. This is thought to be because the static frictional force can be reduced by adding a solid lubricant. Addition of other wax causes a decrease in density, so the amount to be added is determined according to the balance between lubricity and density.
- the present invention can be particularly advantageously applied to molding of a sintered part having a complicated shape and requiring good surface properties and high density.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/574,611 US20070248483A1 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2005-08-31 | Method for Molding Powder in Powder Metallurgy and Method for Producing Sintered Parts |
EP05776099A EP1792677A4 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2005-08-31 | POWDER MANUFACTURING METHOD IN POWDER METALLURGY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SINTERED PARTS |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-257464 | 2004-09-03 | ||
JP2004257464 | 2004-09-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006025432A1 true WO2006025432A1 (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/015874 WO2006025432A1 (ja) | 2004-09-03 | 2005-08-31 | 粉末冶金における粉末成形方法および焼結部品の製造方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070248483A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1792677A4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006025432A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7799111B2 (en) | 2005-03-28 | 2010-09-21 | Sulzer Metco Venture Llc | Thermal spray feedstock composition |
WO2007108793A1 (en) | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-27 | Sulzer Metco Venture, Llc | Method for forming a ceramic containing composite structure |
WO2007139618A2 (en) | 2006-05-26 | 2007-12-06 | Sulzer Metco Venture. Llc. | Mechanical seals and method of manufacture |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04136104A (ja) * | 1990-09-25 | 1992-05-11 | Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd | 粉末冶金用成形潤滑剤 |
JP2001234205A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-28 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 金属粉末成形体の製造方法 |
JP2001294902A (ja) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-26 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 温間金型潤滑成形用鉄基粉末混合物、高密度鉄基粉末成形体および高密度鉄基焼結体の製造方法 |
JP2004059744A (ja) * | 2002-07-29 | 2004-02-26 | Nof Corp | 熱可塑性樹脂加工用添加剤 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5258151A (en) * | 1991-06-01 | 1993-11-02 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Molding composition for the production of inorganic sintered products |
SE9401922D0 (sv) * | 1994-06-02 | 1994-06-02 | Hoeganaes Ab | Lubricant for metal powder compositions, metal powder composition containing th lubricant, method for making sintered products by using the lubricant, and the use of same |
US6316393B1 (en) * | 1998-11-04 | 2001-11-13 | National Research Council Of Canada | Modified lubricated ferrous powder compositions for cold and warm pressing applications |
JP4228547B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-28 | 2009-02-25 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 金型潤滑用潤滑剤および高密度鉄基粉末成形体の製造方法 |
JP3882545B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-13 | 2007-02-21 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 高耐候性磁石粉及びこれを用いた磁石 |
JP4435434B2 (ja) * | 2001-01-12 | 2010-03-17 | 日油株式会社 | エステルワックスおよび該ワックスを用いたトナー |
US6689188B2 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2004-02-10 | Hoeganes Corporation | Powder metallurgy lubricant compositions and methods for using the same |
-
2005
- 2005-08-31 EP EP05776099A patent/EP1792677A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-08-31 US US11/574,611 patent/US20070248483A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-31 WO PCT/JP2005/015874 patent/WO2006025432A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04136104A (ja) * | 1990-09-25 | 1992-05-11 | Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd | 粉末冶金用成形潤滑剤 |
JP2001234205A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-28 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 金属粉末成形体の製造方法 |
JP2001294902A (ja) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-10-26 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 温間金型潤滑成形用鉄基粉末混合物、高密度鉄基粉末成形体および高密度鉄基焼結体の製造方法 |
JP2004059744A (ja) * | 2002-07-29 | 2004-02-26 | Nof Corp | 熱可塑性樹脂加工用添加剤 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1792677A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1792677A1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
EP1792677A4 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
US20070248483A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
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