WO2006018871A1 - Composition en carbone de matériau pour matériau carbone pour électrode de condensateur électrique à double couche - Google Patents

Composition en carbone de matériau pour matériau carbone pour électrode de condensateur électrique à double couche Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006018871A1
WO2006018871A1 PCT/JP2004/011835 JP2004011835W WO2006018871A1 WO 2006018871 A1 WO2006018871 A1 WO 2006018871A1 JP 2004011835 W JP2004011835 W JP 2004011835W WO 2006018871 A1 WO2006018871 A1 WO 2006018871A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
carbon
double layer
electric double
layer capacitor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2004/011835
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yukinori Kude
Osamu Katou
Hiroshi Kobayashi
Eiji Kitajima
Original Assignee
Nippon Oil Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Oil Corporation filed Critical Nippon Oil Corporation
Priority to PCT/JP2004/011835 priority Critical patent/WO2006018871A1/fr
Publication of WO2006018871A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006018871A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
    • H01G11/32—Carbon-based
    • H01G11/34—Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a raw material carbon composition suitable as an electrode material for an electric double layer capacitor, an electrode carbon material using the same, and an electric double layer capacitor including an electrode containing the electrode carbon material.
  • activated carbon has been mainly used as a carbon material for a carbon electrode.
  • Such activated carbon is so-called non-graphitizable obtained by carbonizing coconut shell, wood powder, coal, phenol resin. It is generally manufactured by performing chemical activation using carbon-activated gas such as water vapor or alkali metal hydroxide.
  • carbon-activated gas such as water vapor or alkali metal hydroxide.
  • Activated carbon activated with alkali metal hydroxide has been.
  • an activated carbon having a high activated charcoal yield and a high bulk density can be obtained, which makes it possible to produce an electrode having a high bulk density.
  • the capacitance density per unit volume could be increased.
  • the activated carbon produced from graphitizable carbon power has a higher electrical conductivity than that produced from non-graphitizable carbon power, and therefore has the advantage of easily reducing the internal resistance of the electrode. .
  • the mesophase pitch and the mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber spun from the mesophase pitch are expensive raw materials themselves and need to be subjected to infusibilization 'carbonization treatment prior to activation.
  • infusibilization 'carbonization treatment prior to activation.
  • oxygen is introduced by the infusibilization reaction, the graphitization property is lowered, and as a result, the internal resistance of the electrode is not lowered so much.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
  • the specific surface area of the electrode material after the activation treatment is sufficiently increased, and a high level of capacitance and internal resistance are simultaneously achieved.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a raw material coal composition capable of producing the achieved electric double layer capacitor. Means for solving the problem
  • the raw material carbon composition is a material in a state before the activation treatment of the carbon material that is a constituent material of the carbon electrode of the electric double layer capacitor.
  • the specific surface area of the carbon material activated by the raw coal composition is sufficiently increased and manufactured using it.
  • the inventors have found that the capacitance of an electric double layer capacitor provided with an electrode is improved and the internal resistance is lowered, and the present invention has been achieved.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the volatile matter is 6.0-15% by mass, and the average interlayer distance d of the graphite crystals determined by X-ray diffraction is 0.3445 nm or less.
  • the present invention provides a carbon material for an electrode of an electric double layer capacitor, wherein the specific surface area obtained by activating the raw coal composition of the present invention is 1800 m 2 / g or more. Yes, as the activation treatment, activation treatment using an alkali metal compound is preferred.
  • the present invention is an electric double layer capacitor comprising an electrode containing the carbon material for an electrode of the present invention.
  • the average interlayer distance d of the graphite crystal determined by X-ray diffraction according to the present invention is
  • the average interlayer distance (d) of the layer corresponding to the lattice plane (002) of microcrystalline carbon, measured by X-ray diffraction as follows. That is, 15% of the sample (coking coal composition)
  • Silicon powder is mixed and filled into a measurement cell, CuK wire is used as a radiation source, wide angle ⁇ - ray diffraction lines are measured by a reflection diffractometer, and the average interlaminar distance on the (002) plane is based on the Gakushin method. (d) is obtained.
  • the raw coal composition of the present invention By using the raw coal composition of the present invention, it becomes possible to improve the bulk density of the electrode material for the electrode after the activation treatment and to sufficiently increase the specific surface area, and to achieve a high level of capacitance and An electric double layer capacitor in which internal resistance is achieved at the same time can be manufactured. Also Moreover, the temperature of the activation process for obtaining the carbon material for electrodes can be made relatively low, and the yield of the carbon material for electrodes can be improved.
  • an electric double layer capacitor having a large capacitance and a low internal resistance can be obtained.
  • the present invention is very useful for various applications such as a power source for automobiles, a standby power source for various home appliances, and a power source for various portable devices.
  • the raw coal composition of the present invention has a volatile content of 6.0 to 15% by mass and an average interlayer distance d of graphite crystals determined by X-ray diffraction of 0.3445 nm or less.
  • the lower limit of the volatile content in the raw coal composition of the present invention is 6.0 mass%, preferably 6.
  • the volatile content is less than 6.0% by mass, the carbonization of the raw coal composition has progressed too much, so the reactivity of the activation treatment decreases (for example, reaction with an activator such as an alkali metal hydroxide). A large specific surface area cannot be obtained, and the capacitance when used as a carbon material for capacitors is also reduced.
  • the upper limit of the volatile content is 15% by mass, preferably 12% by mass. When the volatile content exceeds 15% by mass, the average interlayer distance d of the graphite crystals cannot satisfy the specific range.
  • the upper limit of the average interlayer distance d of the graphite crystal obtained by X-ray diffraction in the raw coal composition of the present invention is 0.3445nm, preferably 0.3440nm, more preferably
  • the average interlayer distance d is low from the viewpoint of obtaining a higher specific surface area.
  • the average interlayer distance d is the theoretical value of graphite crystals (0.3354nm).
  • the raw coal composition of the present invention has the above-mentioned specific properties, and the raw material is not particularly limited. However, as a normal graphitizable carbon in which petroleum-based coatus-based materials are preferred. It shows the nature of The carbon material produced from such graphitizable carbon tends to have a lower internal resistance of the electrode with higher electrical conductivity than that produced by non-graphitizable carbon power.
  • the relationship between the volatile matter and the average interlayer distance d depends on the characteristics of the feedstock and the carbonization conditions.
  • the raw coal composition of the present invention described above is based on the strict setting of raw material oil and carbonization conditions having such characteristics that graphite crystals are formed at the initial stage of carbonization with a high volatile content. This is the first method that can be manufactured.
  • a raw material having a sulfur content of 0.4% by mass or less, preferably 0.3% by mass or less, and a asphaltene content of 2.0% by mass or less, preferably 1.7% by mass or less Using an oil (for example, heavy petroleum oil), this feedstock is carbonized at 400-500 ° C, preferably 430-480 ° C, usually for 3 hours to 100 hours in an inert atmosphere.
  • the raw carbon composition of the present invention is obtained by the method.
  • the sulfur content exceeds 0.4% by mass or the amount of asphaltene exceeds 2.0% by mass a three-dimensional structure is developed by a crosslinking reaction during the carbonization process, and the raw material of the present invention A charcoal composition cannot be obtained.
  • the carbon material for an electrode of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention is obtained by activating the raw coal composition of the present invention, and has a specific surface area of 1800 m 2 / g or more.
  • an activation treatment for example, an activation reaction by a drug or an activation reaction by a gas is used.
  • An activation reaction using an alkali metal compound is particularly preferable. According to the activation treatment using such an alkali metal compound, the specific surface area of the resulting carbon material tends to be further improved by the alkali metal entering and reacting between the graphite crystal layers.
  • alkali metal compound sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, hydroxide Examples thereof include lithium, rubidium hydroxide, and cesium hydroxide, and alkali metal hydroxides such as potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are particularly preferable. Further, two or more of these alkali metal compounds may be used in combination (for example, combined use of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide).
  • the activation method is usually performed by mixing and heating an activator such as an alkali metal compound and the raw carbon composition.
  • the mixing ratio of the raw coal composition and the activator such as alkali metal hydroxide is not particularly limited, but usually the mass ratio of the two (raw coal composition: activator) is 1: 0.5—1: 10
  • the range of 1: 1 to 1: 1 is more preferable.
  • the activation reaction does not proceed sufficiently and the required specific surface area tends not to be obtained.
  • the specific surface area will be increased.
  • the activation cost increases and the activation yield decreases. Further, the bulk density of the obtained carbon material decreases, and the capacitance per unit volume tends to decrease.
  • the heating temperature in the activation treatment is not particularly limited, but the lower limit is usually 500 ° C, preferably 600 ° C, and the upper limit is usually 1000 ° C, preferably 900 ° C. C, more preferably 800 ° C. In general, when the temperature during the activation treatment is low, the activation reaction does not proceed and a sufficient specific surface area tends not to be obtained. On the other hand, when the temperature during the activation process is too high, the specific surface area is lowered, and the capacitance per unit volume tends to be lowered.
  • the heating time for the activation treatment is not particularly limited, but is usually about 10 minutes to 10 hours, preferably about 30 minutes to 5 hours. In the activation process, it is desirable to heat the raw carbon composition together with the activator in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
  • the raw coal composition is changed to carbon dioxide ( (Combustion gas), oxygen, hydrogen chloride, chlorine, water vapor, and the like.
  • the temperature at this time is preferably about 500-1000 ° C. It is also possible to combine the gas activation method with the drug activation method. Further, such activation reaction can be performed in any form such as an electric furnace, a fixed bed, a fluidized bed, a moving bed, and a rotary kiln.
  • a carbon material for an electrode having a specific surface area by the BET method of 1800 m 2 Zg or more, preferably 1900 m 2 Zg or more can be obtained.
  • the specific surface area of the carbon material for an electrode of the present invention is less than 1800 m 2 / g, the capacitance of the electrode material obtained by using the specific surface area is not sufficiently improved because the specific surface area is small.
  • the upper limit of the specific surface area is not particularly limited, but usually about 2500 m 2 Zg is desired.
  • the graphitized carbon is used as the raw coal composition of the present invention, and the specific surface area expression mechanism when activated with, for example, an alkali metal hydroxide is the coconut shell charcoal
  • the specific surface area expression mechanism when activated with, for example, an alkali metal hydroxide is the coconut shell charcoal
  • alkali metal hydroxide is the coconut shell charcoal
  • the raw coal composition of the present invention contains a predetermined amount of highly volatile components having good reactivity with an alkali metal, and the alkali metal easily penetrates between the graphite crystal layers, and even inside the particles.
  • the crystal structure has a tendency to easily react with an alkali metal, and these actions combine to provide a carbon material having a very high specific surface area.
  • the carbon material for an electrode of the present invention preferably has the following various physical properties. That is, for example, the pore volume is preferably 0.60. 1. 30 cm 3 / g, more preferably 0.70-1.20 cm 3 / g, and the average pore diameter is preferably about 1.5 to 2.5 nm, more preferably about 1.5 to 2. 3 nm.
  • the sulfur content of the carbon material for electrodes is more preferably 500 ppm or less as the sulfur content is smaller.
  • the raw material carbon composition of the present invention is usually subjected to alkali cleaning, acid cleaning, water cleaning, drying, and pulverization steps to become an electrode carbon material for an electric double layer capacitor.
  • the amount of alkali metal in the carbon material is not particularly limited as long as it is lower than the level that may adversely affect the electric double layer capacitor (preferably lOOOppm or less). In general, however, it is desirable to perform cleaning so that, for example, pH is about 78, and to remove alkali metal as much as possible.
  • the pulverization step is performed by a known method, and it is usually desirable to obtain a fine powder having an average particle size of 0.5 to 50 x m, preferably about 1 to 20 z m.
  • the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention is characterized by comprising an electrode containing the electrode carbon material of the present invention.
  • an electrode for example, an electrode carbon material and a binder, more preferably a conductive material may be added, and an electrode integrated with a current collector may be used.
  • binder known ones can be used.
  • polytetrafluoroethylene polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, fluoroolefin / vinyl ether copolymer cross-linked polymer, carboxymethyl cellulose
  • Polyvinylol pyrrolidone polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and the like.
  • the content of the binder in the electrode is not particularly limited, but is appropriately selected within the range of usually about 0.1 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of the carbon material for the electrode and the binder.
  • the conductive material powders of carbon black, powder graphite, titanium oxide, ruthenium oxide, and the like are used.
  • the blending amount of the conductive material in the electrode is appropriately selected according to the blending purpose, but is usually selected appropriately within a range of about 1 to 50% by mass, preferably about 2 to 30% by mass.
  • a known method is suitable as a method of mixing the electrode carbon material, the binder, and the conductive material.
  • a method of pressure molding at room temperature or under heating after kneading is employed.
  • a known material and shape can be used, for example, an alloy such as aluminum, titanium, tantalum, nickel, and stainless steel can be used.
  • the unit cell of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention generally uses a pair of the above electrodes, and is opposed to each other via a separator (polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric, glass fiber nonwoven fabric, synthetic cellulose paper, etc.) and immersed in an electrolytic solution. It is formed by doing.
  • a separator polypropylene fiber nonwoven fabric, glass fiber nonwoven fabric, synthetic cellulose paper, etc.
  • the electrolytic solution used in the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention a known aqueous electrolytic solution or organic electrolytic solution can be used, but an organic electrolytic solution is more preferable.
  • organic electrolytes those used as solvents for electrochemical electrolytes can be used.
  • the supporting electrolyte in the organic electrolytic solution is not particularly limited, and various types of salts, acids, alkalis and the like that are usually used in the electrochemical field or the battery field can be used.
  • Inorganic ion salts such as alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts, quaternary ammonium salts, cyclic quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, etc., (C)) NBF
  • concentration of these salts in the electrolytic solution is appropriately selected within the range of usually about 0.1 to 5 molZl, preferably about 0.5 to 3 mol / l.
  • a more specific configuration of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • a separator is provided between a pair of thin sheet-like or disk-like electrodes (positive electrode and negative electrode) having a thickness of 10 500 zm.
  • a coin type housed in a metal case with a pair of electrodes as a separator There are a wound type formed by winding through a laminated type and a laminated type in which a large number of electrode groups are stacked through a separator.
  • a volatile content of 7.2% by mass is obtained by carbonizing a heavy petroleum oil with a sulfur content of 0.25% by mass and a asphaltene content of 1.5% by mass in an inert gas atmosphere by batch processing at 470 ° C for 6 hours.
  • a raw carbon composition having an average interlayer distance d between graphite crystals of 0.3435 nm was obtained.
  • the raw coal composition obtained in this way exhibited properties as graphitizable carbon.
  • Two disk-shaped discs with a diameter of 16mm are punched out from the above electrode sheet, vacuum-dried at 120 ° C and 0. ⁇ rr for 2 hours, and then in a glove box under a nitrogen atmosphere with a dew point of 85 ° C. (Propylene carbonate solution of triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, concentration: 1 mol / liter) was vacuum impregnated.
  • the two electrodes are used as a positive electrode and a negative electrode, respectively, and a glass fiber separator (trade name: GA-2200, thickness: 200 ⁇ m) between both electrodes, and aluminum foil current collectors at both ends.
  • An electric double layer capacitor (coin-type cell) was fabricated by attaching the body and incorporating it into a bipolar cell manufactured by Hosen.
  • the coin cell was charged to 2.7V with a constant current of 10mA per 1F. 12 hours after charging was completed. After holding at 2.7V, 10mA constant current discharge was performed. And from the energy amount at the time of discharge, the following formula:
  • the electrostatic capacity per unit mass (F / g) obtained by dividing this electrostatic capacity by the mass of the carbon material in the electrode is 44.3 F / g, and the electrostatic capacity per unit mass is filled with the electrode.
  • the capacitance per unit volume (F / cc) multiplied by the density was 32. lF / cc.
  • the internal resistance was 21 ⁇ . From the above results, according to the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention, 3 It was confirmed that a very high level of capacitance was achieved at OF / cc or higher.
  • the raw coal composition obtained by carbonizing a heavy petroleum oil with a sulfur content of 4.5% by mass and a asphaltene content of 9.5% by mass in an inert gas atmosphere at 480 ° C for 4 hours has a volatile content. 6. Although it was 8% by mass, the average interlayer distance d of the graphite crystal was 0.3450 nm, exceeding the range of the present invention.
  • Example 1 When the heavy petroleum oil used in Example 1 was carbonized in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at 550 ° C. for 4 hours, the obtained raw coal composition had an average interlayer distance d of 0.3425 nm of graphite crystals.
  • Example 1 When the heavy petroleum oil used in Example 1 was carbonized at 750 ° C for 4 hours in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the resulting coal composition had an average interlayer distance d of 0.33415 nm of graphite crystals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne une composition en carbone de matériau pour un matériau carbone pour électrodes de condensateurs électriques à double couche. Dans la présente invention, le contenu de volatile est 6,0-15 % en poids et la distance moyenne entre les couches (d002) d’un cristal de graphite déterminé par diffractométrie par rayons X est 0,3445 nm ou moins. Lorsqu’un condensateur électrique à double couche est réalisé en utilisant un matériau pour électrode obtenu en activant une telle composition de carbone de matériau, il est possible d’obtenir simultanément une capacitance et une résistance interne élevées.
PCT/JP2004/011835 2004-08-18 2004-08-18 Composition en carbone de matériau pour matériau carbone pour électrode de condensateur électrique à double couche WO2006018871A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2004/011835 WO2006018871A1 (fr) 2004-08-18 2004-08-18 Composition en carbone de matériau pour matériau carbone pour électrode de condensateur électrique à double couche

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2004/011835 WO2006018871A1 (fr) 2004-08-18 2004-08-18 Composition en carbone de matériau pour matériau carbone pour électrode de condensateur électrique à double couche

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WO2006018871A1 true WO2006018871A1 (fr) 2006-02-23

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6378513A (ja) * 1986-09-22 1988-04-08 旭硝子株式会社 電気二重層コンデンサ
JPH10199767A (ja) * 1997-01-07 1998-07-31 Kansai Coke & Chem Co Ltd 電気二重層コンデンサ用炭素材の製造法
JP2001284188A (ja) * 2000-04-03 2001-10-12 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材料の製造方法及びこの炭素材料を用いた電気二重層キャパシタの製造方法
JP2003171106A (ja) * 2001-12-05 2003-06-17 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp フラーレン類の製造方法およびフラーレン類の製造装置
JP2004247433A (ja) * 2003-02-12 2004-09-02 Nippon Oil Corp 電気二重層キャパシタの電極用炭素材の原料炭組成物

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6378513A (ja) * 1986-09-22 1988-04-08 旭硝子株式会社 電気二重層コンデンサ
JPH10199767A (ja) * 1997-01-07 1998-07-31 Kansai Coke & Chem Co Ltd 電気二重層コンデンサ用炭素材の製造法
JP2001284188A (ja) * 2000-04-03 2001-10-12 Asahi Glass Co Ltd 電気二重層キャパシタ電極用炭素材料の製造方法及びこの炭素材料を用いた電気二重層キャパシタの製造方法
JP2003171106A (ja) * 2001-12-05 2003-06-17 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp フラーレン類の製造方法およびフラーレン類の製造装置
JP2004247433A (ja) * 2003-02-12 2004-09-02 Nippon Oil Corp 電気二重層キャパシタの電極用炭素材の原料炭組成物

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