WO2006011588A1 - 糖尿病治療薬を含有する医薬組成物 - Google Patents
糖尿病治療薬を含有する医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006011588A1 WO2006011588A1 PCT/JP2005/013912 JP2005013912W WO2006011588A1 WO 2006011588 A1 WO2006011588 A1 WO 2006011588A1 JP 2005013912 W JP2005013912 W JP 2005013912W WO 2006011588 A1 WO2006011588 A1 WO 2006011588A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- pharmaceutical composition
- composition according
- mmol
- added
- Prior art date
Links
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 117
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003392 amylase inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 206010022489 Insulin Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229940123208 Biguanide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 102100025012 Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Biguanide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC(N)=N XNCOSPRUTUOJCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 101710171801 Alpha-amylase inhibitor Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108010067722 Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 182
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 43
- 229940122816 Amylase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000006577 C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 229940122199 Insulin secretagogue Drugs 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004849 alkoxymethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pioglitazone Chemical compound N1=CC(CC)=CC=C1CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)NC(=O)S1 HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 229960005095 pioglitazone Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N nateglinide Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](C(C)C)CC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N metformin Chemical group CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960000698 nateglinide Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- MFFMDFFZMYYVKS-SECBINFHSA-N sitagliptin Chemical group C([C@H](CC(=O)N1CC=2N(C(=NN=2)C(F)(F)F)CC1)N)C1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1F MFFMDFFZMYYVKS-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YASAKCUCGLMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rosiglitazone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1N(C)CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O YASAKCUCGLMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003105 metformin Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006583 (C1-C3) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004283 biguanides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004586 rosiglitazone Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010007572 Cardiac hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000006029 Cardiomegaly Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004111 buformin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- XSEUMFJMFFMCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N buformin Chemical compound CCCC\N=C(/N)N=C(N)N XSEUMFJMFFMCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WIGIZIANZCJQQY-RUCARUNLSA-N glimepiride Chemical compound O=C1C(CC)=C(C)CN1C(=O)NCCC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)N[C@@H]2CC[C@@H](C)CC2)C=C1 WIGIZIANZCJQQY-RUCARUNLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004346 glimepiride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010030 glucose lowering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003243 phenformin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- ICFJFFQQTFMIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenformin Chemical compound NC(=N)NC(=N)NCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ICFJFFQQTFMIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QGJUIPDUBHWZPV-SGTAVMJGSA-N saxagliptin Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC(C3)CC2(O)CC13[C@H](N)C(=O)N1[C@H](C#N)C[C@@H]2C[C@@H]21 QGJUIPDUBHWZPV-SGTAVMJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004937 saxagliptin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010033693 saxagliptin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N vildagliptin Chemical compound C1C(O)(C2)CC(C3)CC1CC32NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C#N SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940122355 Insulin sensitizer Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 271
- -1 hydroxylmethyl Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 255
- 230000003914 insulin secretion Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 510
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 318
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 250
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 222
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 171
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 162
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 162
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 155
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical group CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 136
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 127
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 127
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 122
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 114
- 238000004992 fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 99
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 93
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 93
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 89
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 88
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 71
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 66
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 64
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 61
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 59
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 57
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 55
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 52
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 51
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 51
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vilsmeier-Haack reagent Natural products CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 43
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 43
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 42
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- CEIPQQODRKXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-(6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-1H-indazole-5-carboximidate dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1=C(O)C=CC2=CC(C3=NNC4=CC=C(C=C43)C(=N)OCC)=CC=C21 CEIPQQODRKXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 33
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 33
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 32
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 28
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 28
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 22
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydropyrrole Natural products C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 21
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 20
- FTVLMFQEYACZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F FTVLMFQEYACZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 18
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 18
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- DRUIESSIVFYOMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroacetonitrile Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C#N DRUIESSIVFYOMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 16
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 13
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 101000930822 Giardia intestinalis Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- JLCHNBRGUPQWKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J [OH-].[C+4].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-] Chemical compound [OH-].[C+4].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-] JLCHNBRGUPQWKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 12
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 12
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound O.CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 KJIFKLIQANRMOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 10
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.ON WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Inorganic materials [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 7
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 7
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- HUZCTWYDQIQZPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 2,2,2-trichloroethanimidate Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(=N)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 HUZCTWYDQIQZPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- ZQXCQTAELHSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-nitro-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZQXCQTAELHSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003472 antidiabetic agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- FUKUFMFMCZIRNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methanol;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OC FUKUFMFMCZIRNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic anhydride Chemical class FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WJKHJLXJJJATHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10-octahydropyrimido[1,2-a]azepine Chemical compound C1CCCCN2CCCN=C21 GQHTUMJGOHRCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 4
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229940125708 antidiabetic agent Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229940069417 doxy Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006206 glycosylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003305 oral gavage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEVMDQBCAHEHDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Dimethoxymethyl)benzene Chemical compound COC(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 HEVMDQBCAHEHDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 1-[2-[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NRKYWOKHZRQRJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide Chemical group NC(=O)C(F)(F)F NRKYWOKHZRQRJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VIZQREHVDDPWOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N IP(I)(I)=O Chemical compound IP(I)(I)=O VIZQREHVDDPWOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012448 Lithium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 3
- 102000003728 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000029 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DJKHDIWPSBMISY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[TeH2] Chemical compound [Na].[TeH2] DJKHDIWPSBMISY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 102000004139 alpha-Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000637 alpha-Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229940024171 alpha-amylase Drugs 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000000649 benzylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005745 ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000002140 halogenating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical compound C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 208000019423 liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000005976 liver dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;palladium Chemical compound C.[Pd] UKVIEHSSVKSQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XMSXOLDPMGMWTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N rivoglitazone Chemical compound CN1C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N=C1COC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O XMSXOLDPMGMWTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 3
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGFAWKRXZLGJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 OGFAWKRXZLGJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpiperidine Chemical compound CN1CCCCC1 PAMIQIKDUOTOBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-undecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=C DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxypropane Chemical compound COC(C)(C)OC HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000725101 Clea Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000008210 D-arabinosides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000013016 Hypoglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001543 Laminarin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IRLWJILLXJGJTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Muraglitazar Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1OC(=O)N(CC(O)=O)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OCCC1=C(C)OC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 IRLWJILLXJGJTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHSPJQZRQAJPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-alpha-Methylhistamine Chemical compound CNCCC1=CN=CN1 PHSPJQZRQAJPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azide group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[N-] IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940126142 compound 16 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005982 diphenylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000013595 glycosylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 2
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBTMGCOVALSLOR-VPNXCSTESA-N laminarin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)OC1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)C(O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@@H]2O)O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O DBTMGCOVALSLOR-VPNXCSTESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- PKWDZWYVIHVNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N netoglitazone Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1COC1=CC=C(C=C(CC2C(NC(=O)S2)=O)C=C2)C2=C1 PKWDZWYVIHVNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- REIUXOLGHVXAEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO REIUXOLGHVXAEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NCCBCEHAGCSKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaiodo-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound IP(I)(I)(I)I NCCBCEHAGCSKEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UXCDUFKZSUBXGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric tribromide Chemical compound BrP(Br)(Br)=O UXCDUFKZSUBXGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 2
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NBNBICNWNFQDDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dibromide Chemical class BrS(Br)(=O)=O NBNBICNWNFQDDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical class ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWPVZKPFIMFABN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl diiodide Chemical class IS(I)(=O)=O TWPVZKPFIMFABN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEQPHYCEZKWPNE-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlororhodium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound Cl[Rh](Cl)Cl.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FEQPHYCEZKWPNE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- CSRZQMIRAZTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl iodide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)I CSRZQMIRAZTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006274 (C1-C3)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006705 (C5-C7) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCUOEKSZWPGJIM-YBRHCDHNSA-N (e,2e)-2-hydroxyimino-6-methoxy-4-methyl-5-nitrohex-3-enamide Chemical compound COCC([N+]([O-])=O)\C(C)=C\C(=N/O)\C(N)=O HCUOEKSZWPGJIM-YBRHCDHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005918 1,2-dimethylbutyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOBPZXTWZATXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1CSC(=O)N1 ZOBPZXTWZATXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGUVLZREKBPKCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]-non-5-ene Chemical compound C1CCN=C2CCCN21 SGUVLZREKBPKCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCO XFRVVPUIAFSTFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCZQOHMVXRDURK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13,13-dimethyltetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCO NCZQOHMVXRDURK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFSSWEQYBLCBLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 14-methylpentadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCO CFSSWEQYBLCBLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWIXGTHYBZXAPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 15-methylhexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO VWIXGTHYBZXAPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTQNKKSJPHTPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trichloroethanone Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)[C]=O UTQNKKSJPHTPBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVHZEKKZMFRULH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=NC(C(C)(C)C)=C1 HVHZEKKZMFRULH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMMURAAUARKVCB-DQBDMIDPSA-N 2-deoxy-d-glucose Chemical compound OCC1O[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O PMMURAAUARKVCB-DQBDMIDPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006176 2-ethylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 1
- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004924 2-naphthylethyl group Chemical group C1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)CC* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003890 2-phenylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005917 3-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ICBZSKCTKKUQSY-YUWZRIFDSA-N 4-[(1r,2s)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)propyl]phenol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ICBZSKCTKKUQSY-YUWZRIFDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006281 4-bromobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1Br)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004217 4-methoxybenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006181 4-methyl benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RGUKYNXWOWSRET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-pyrrolidin-1-ylpyridine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1=CC=NC=C1 RGUKYNXWOWSRET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- STHHPVHLWNXLHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M C(=O)O.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)O[Cr](=O)(=O)O Chemical compound C(=O)O.C(C1=CC=CC=C1)O[Cr](=O)(=O)O STHHPVHLWNXLHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVZXOLOFWKSDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cc(C)c([C]=O)c(C)c1 Chemical group Cc1cc(C)c([C]=O)c(C)c1 XVZXOLOFWKSDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Cellobiose Natural products OCC1OC(OC2C(O)C(O)C(O)OC2CO)C(O)C(O)C1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-mannomethylose Natural products CC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000010201 Exanthema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100025101 GATA-type zinc finger protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710198884 GATA-type zinc finger protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N Glucagon-like peptide 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1N=CNC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trioctadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GVGLGOZIDCSQPN-PVHGPHFFSA-N Heroin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)OC(C)=O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4OC(C)=O GVGLGOZIDCSQPN-PVHGPHFFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000976075 Homo sapiens Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NHUHKJVIXOGLMS-UHFFFAOYSA-I I[Al](I)I.[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[I-] Chemical compound I[Al](I)I.[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[I-] NHUHKJVIXOGLMS-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229930194542 Keto Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012359 Methanesulfonyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKXNBNKWCZZMJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N O4-alpha-D-Mannopyranosyl-D-mannose Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(C(O)CO)OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O DKXNBNKWCZZMJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000009233 Stachytarpheta cayennensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940100389 Sulfonylurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005764 Theobroma cacao ssp. cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005767 Theobroma cacao ssp. sphaerocarpum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940123464 Thiazolidinedione Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000021017 Weight Gain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DWISIQZQHWEQEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[O-]CC.[O-]CC.[O-]CC.[Li+].[Li+].[Li+] Chemical compound [AlH3].[O-]CC.[O-]CC.[O-]CC.[Li+].[Li+].[Li+] DWISIQZQHWEQEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGPAQYSVWYWZKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ra] Chemical compound [C].[Ra] WGPAQYSVWYWZKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAZCEXBNIYKZDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ir+] Chemical compound [Ir+] JAZCEXBNIYKZDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IORYFJWLTQDCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].P(I)(I)I Chemical compound [P].P(I)(I)I IORYFJWLTQDCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTPYQWVXECMZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [dimethyl(sulfo)silyl]methane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)S(O)(=O)=O UTPYQWVXECMZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124532 absorption promoter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PMMURAAUARKVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-ara-dHexp Natural products OCC1OC(O)CC(O)C1O PMMURAAUARKVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-glucopyranose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOZYXUHNEBULJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum oxygen(2-) rhodium(3+) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Rh+3] VOZYXUHNEBULJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006538 anaerobic glycolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004596 appetite loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001124 arachidoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TWJVNKMWXNTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;hydroxide;hydrochloride Chemical class [NH4+].O.[Cl-] TWJVNKMWXNTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000000227 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXGFLTNKDDOFMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde;2-methylpropanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O.O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXGFLTNKDDOFMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWAQXCQNWNJICI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl.C1=CC=CC=C1 OWAQXCQNWNJICI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MLWPJXZKQOPTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonyl benzenesulfonate Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MLWPJXZKQOPTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVXNWDRRCNMGOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C2)CCC2C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 BVXNWDRRCNMGOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002051 biphasic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004063 butyryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000001046 cacaotero Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- AIXAANGOTKPUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbachol Chemical group [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCOC(N)=O AIXAANGOTKPUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002668 chloroacetyl group Chemical group ClCC(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical group ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940000425 combination drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000000 cycloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylcyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C1CCCCC1 WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002933 cyclohexyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003074 decanoyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004772 dichloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- RXKJFZQQPQGTFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyacetone Chemical compound OCC(=O)CO RXKJFZQQPQGTFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001891 dimethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYOYCZHNDCCGCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl hydrogen phosphite Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 FYOYCZHNDCCGCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYTMXVHNEWBFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O MYTMXVHNEWBFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OKBPCTLSPGDQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;dichloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-] OKBPCTLSPGDQBO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HALQELOKLVRWRI-VDBOFHIQSA-N doxycycline hyclate Chemical group O.[Cl-].[Cl-].CCO.O=C1C2=C(O)C=CC=C2[C@H](C)[C@@H]2C1=C(O)[C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H]([NH+](C)C)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O.O=C1C2=C(O)C=CC=C2[C@H](C)[C@@H]2C1=C(O)[C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H]([NH+](C)C)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O HALQELOKLVRWRI-VDBOFHIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002662 enteric coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FRYHCSODNHYDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CCS(Cl)(=O)=O FRYHCSODNHYDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005448 ethoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005884 exanthem Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007941 film coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- DWYMPOCYEZONEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L fluoridophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(F)=O DWYMPOCYEZONEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003304 gavage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004110 gluconeogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003147 glycosyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008172 hydrogenated vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940071870 hydroiodic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CUPFNGOKRMWUOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;difluoride Chemical compound F.F CUPFNGOKRMWUOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940126904 hypoglycaemic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBGKTOXHQIOBKM-FHFVDXKLSA-N insulin (human) Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H]1CSSC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=3NC=NC=3)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC1=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)CSSC[C@@H](C(N2)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CN)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)C1=CN=CN1 PBGKTOXHQIOBKM-FHFVDXKLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BXWHNAPJEJUAPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodo thiohypoiodite Chemical class ISI BXWHNAPJEJUAPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000006443 lactic acidosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011981 lindlar catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OQIYTQGYXPWIAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;triethoxyalumane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] OQIYTQGYXPWIAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021266 loss of appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000019017 loss of appetite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002160 maltose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 1
- OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N metformin hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N OETHQSJEHLVLGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZDROVVXIHRYMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonic anhydride Chemical class CS(=O)(=O)OS(C)(=O)=O IZDROVVXIHRYMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CS(Cl)(=O)=O QARBMVPHQWIHKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJNZOIKQAUQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJNZOIKQAUQOCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- XGFDHKJUZCCPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-nonadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO XGFDHKJUZCCPKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001038 naphthoyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005484 neopentoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001402 nonanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UMRZSTCPUPJPOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N norbornane Chemical compound C1CC2CCC1C2 UMRZSTCPUPJPOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001736 nosyl group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(C1=CC=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OXGBCSQEKCRCHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)O OXGBCSQEKCRCHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- 210000004798 organs belonging to the digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006505 p-cyanobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C#N)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethyl ester of formic acid Natural products O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHYGKRLFANBDIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound P.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 JHYGKRLFANBDIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PZHNNJXWQYFUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus triiodide Chemical compound IP(I)I PZHNNJXWQYFUTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001557 phthalyl group Chemical group C(=O)(O)C1=C(C(=O)*)C=CC=C1 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940043274 prophylactic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005767 propoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[#8]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYVMUASDIZQXAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyranoside Natural products O1C2(OCC(C)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C2)C(C)C(C2(CCC3C4(C)CC5O)C)C1CC2C3CC=C4CC5OC(C(C1O)O)OC(CO)C1OC(C1OC2C(C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)OC(CO)C(O)C1OC1OCC(O)C(O)C1O RYVMUASDIZQXAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRJJQCWNZGRKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;fluoride Chemical compound F.C1=CC=NC=C1 GRJJQCWNZGRKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WCGIGOVLOFXAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound [Ag].OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WCGIGOVLOFXAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020374 simple syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003393 splenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007940 sugar coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- RABUZJZUBFMWSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfane;hydroiodide Chemical compound [SH3+].[I-] RABUZJZUBFMWSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000006103 sulfonylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005694 sulfonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YROXIXLRRCOBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonylurea Chemical class OC(=N)N=S(=O)=O YROXIXLRRCOBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940074412 sulfur iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl(dimethyl)silicon Chemical group C[Si](C)C(C)(C)C ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004192 tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])OC([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004187 tetrahydropyran-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])OC([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004632 tetrahydrothiopyranyl group Chemical group S1C(CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004055 thiomethyl group Chemical group [H]SC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UMFCIIBZHQXRCJ-NSCUHMNNSA-N trans-anol Chemical compound C\C=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 UMFCIIBZHQXRCJ-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004043 trisaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCO KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-MFRLZQSSSA-N α-cellobiose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-MFRLZQSSSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/13—Amines
- A61K31/155—Amidines (), e.g. guanidine (H2N—C(=NH)—NH2), isourea (N=C(OH)—NH2), isothiourea (—N=C(SH)—NH2)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/427—Thiazoles not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/52—Purines, e.g. adenine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7042—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
- A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
- A61K31/7056—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing five-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/22—Hormones
- A61K38/28—Insulins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a medicament comprising a combination of an ⁇ -amylase inhibitor and another diabetes preventive and epilepsy or therapeutic agent having other mechanism of action (preferably a therapeutic agent for postprandial hyperglycemia, diabetes and It is an epilepsy or a preventive drug.
- the present invention relates to the use of the above-mentioned compound for producing the above-mentioned medicine, or a method for preventing or treating the above-mentioned disease, wherein the above-mentioned medicine is administered to a warm-blooded animal (preferably a human).
- an a-amylase inhibitor inhibits carbohydrate degradation by inhibiting a-amylase, which is one of digestive enzymes, and produces an effect of lowering blood glucose level (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. 00/50434
- Patent Document 2 International Publication No. 01/94367
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-250446
- Diabetes is a chronic disease, and its pathology is complex, so the disease state often progresses with various complications. Therefore, it is necessary to select the drug most suitable for the current medical condition of each individual patient.
- the use of individual drugs alone may not be effective depending on the symptoms.
- it is often difficult to select in clinical settings due to various problems such as increased dosage and side effects caused by prolonged administration.
- amylase inhibitors are essential ingredients, and other drugs with other mechanisms of action.
- the present invention was completed by finding that the object can be achieved by combining diabetes prevention and acupuncture or therapeutic agents.
- the present invention provides:
- A is the following general formula (A1) (A2) or (A3)
- R 1 and IT are the same or different and each represents a C1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a C1-6 alkoxymethyl group or a C1-6 haloalkyl group
- R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are each a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group, an amino group (the amino group is a C1-6 alkyl group) Or optionally substituted with one or two C1-6 hydroxyalkyl groups), a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom
- R 7 is a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxy group Represents an alkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen atom
- n represents an integer of 1 or 2.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of at least one selected drug, an insulin preparation and a DPP-IV inhibitory power,
- A represents the following general formula (Al), (A2) or (A3)
- R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and each represents a C1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a C1-6 alkoxymethyl group, or a C1-6 haloalkyl group
- R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are each a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group, an amino group (the amino group is a C1-6 alkyl group) Or optionally substituted with one or two C1-6 hydroxyalkyl groups), a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom
- R 7 is a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxy group Represents an alkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen atom
- n represents an integer of 1 or 2.
- an a-amylase inhibitor selected from a pharmacologically acceptable salt or ester thereof, and at least one drug selected from an insulin sensitivity enhancer, an insulin secretagogue, a biguanide, and an insulin preparation.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of
- A is the following general formula (A1)
- composition according to (1) above comprising a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and an insulin sensitivity enhancer
- composition according to the above (1) comprising a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and an insulin sensitivity enhancer, wherein weight gain is suppressed
- composition according to the above (1) comprising a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and an insulin sensitivity enhancer, wherein cardiac hypertrophy is suppressed, (13)
- composition according to any one of (10) to (12) above, wherein the insulin sensitivity enhancer is a PPAR y activator,
- composition according to any one of (10) to (12) above, wherein the insulin sensitivity enhancer is pioglitazone or rosiglitazone,
- composition according to any one of (10) to (12) above, wherein the insulin sensitivity enhancer is pioglitazone,
- composition according to the above (1) comprising a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and an insulin secretion promoter
- composition according to (1) above comprising a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and a biguanide agent
- composition according to (1) above wherein an increase in lactic acid level is suppressed, comprising a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and a biguanide agent,
- composition according to (1) above comprising a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and a DPP-IV inhibitor
- composition according to the above (24), wherein the DPP-IV inhibitor is MK-0431, LAF-237 or BMS-477118,
- composition according to the above (1) comprising a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and an insulin preparation.
- ⁇ -Amylase inhibitor is (2R, 3R, 4R) -4-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidine-3-yl 4-0- (6-deoxy-at-D-darcobilanosyl) -a-D-darcopyranoside , (2R, 3R, 4R) -4-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl 4-0- (6-deoxy-13-D-glucopyranosyl) -a-D-darcopyranoside, (2R, 3R, 4R)-4-Hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidine-3-yl 4-0- ⁇ -D -Darkopyranosyl- a -D -Darcopyranoside, (2R, 3R, 4R) -4-Hydroxy-2- Hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl 4-0- (6-fluoro-6-deoxy- ⁇ -D-darcopyranosyl) -D-darcoviranoside or a
- ⁇ -Amylase inhibitor is (2R, 3R, 4R) -4-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidine-3-yl 4-0- (6-deoxy-at-D-darcobilanosyl) -a-D-darcopyranoside , (2R, 3R, 4R) -4-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl 4-0- (6-deoxy-13-D-glucopyranosyl) -a-D-darcobilanoside or pharmacologically
- the pharmaceutical composition according to any one of (1) to (29) above, which is an acceptable salt or ester,
- a-amylase inhibitor is (2R, 3R, 4R) -4-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidine-3-yl 4-0- (6-deoxy-13-D-darcopyranosyl) -a-D-darcoviranoside
- composition according to any one of (1) to (32) above, which is a preventive and therapeutic agent for diabetes, (34)
- composition according to any one of (1) to (31) above, which is used for the prophylaxis and treatment of diabetes whose blood glucose lowering action is enhanced as compared with single administration,
- A represents the following general formula (A1) (A2) or (A3)
- R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and each represents a C1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a C1-6 alkoxymethyl group or a C1-6 haloalkyl group
- R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are each a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group, an amino group (the amino group is a C1-6 alkyl group) Or optionally substituted with one or two C1-6 hydroxyalkyl groups), a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom
- R 7 is a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxy group Represents an alkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen atom
- n represents an integer of 1 or 2.
- A-amylase inhibitor, insulin sensitivity enhancer, insulin secretagogue, biguanide agent, insulin preparation and DPP-IV inhibitor power for producing a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of at least one drug Use of a drug selected from,
- a method for treating diabetes comprising the following general formula (I)
- A represents the following general formula (Al), (A2) or (A3)
- R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and each represents a C1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a C1-6 alkoxymethyl group or a C1-6 haloalkyl group
- R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and each represents a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxy group
- Cialkyl group C1-6 neuroalkyl group, amino group (the amino group may be substituted by 1 or 2 by C1-6 alkyl group or C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group), hydroxyl group, hydrogen atom or halogen atom
- R 7 represents a C 1-6 alkyl group, a C 1-6 alkoxy group, a C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, a C 1-6 haloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen atom
- n represents an integer of 1 or 2.
- A-amylase inhibitor, insulin sensitivity enhancer, insulin secretagogue, biguanide agent, insulin preparation and DPP-IV inhibitor power The therapeutic method is characterized by enhancing the therapeutic effect and reducing side effects by administering in combination with at least one kind of drug.
- the “ ⁇ -amylase inhibitor” is not particularly limited as long as it is a drug that inhibits amylase, which is one of the digestive enzymes.
- ⁇ is the following general formula (Al), ( ⁇ 2) or (A3)
- R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and each represents a C1-6 alkyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, a C1-6 alkoxymethyl group, or a C1-6 haloalkyl group
- R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are each a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group, an amino group (the amino group is a C1-6 alkyl group) Or optionally substituted with one or two C1-6 hydroxyalkyl groups), a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom
- R 7 is a C1-6 alkyl group, a C1-6 alkoxy group, a C1-6 hydroxy group Represents an alkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen atom
- n represents an integer of 1 or 2.
- insulin sensitivity enhancer is a general term for drugs that improve insulin dysfunction and lower blood sugar levels.
- pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, MCC-555 represented by the following structural formula: , BMS-298585, AZ-242, LY-519818, R-483, K-111
- Pioglitazone is a compound described in US Pat. No. 4,687,777.
- Roziglitazone is a compound described in US Pat. No. 5,002,953.
- MCC-555 is a compound described in US Pat. No. 5,594,016.
- BMS-298585 is an international public This is the compound described in Kai 01/21602.
- AZ-242 is a compound described in WO 99/62872 pamphlet.
- LY-519818 is a compound described in WO 02/10 0813 pamphlet.
- 3- (2,4-dichlorobenzyl) -2-methyl-N- (pentylsulfol) -3H-benzimidazole-5-carboxamide (FK-614) is described in US Pat. No.
- biguanide means a drug having an anaerobic glycolysis promoting action, an insulin action enhancement by peripheral elimination, a glucose absorption inhibition from the intestinal tract, a hepatic gluconeogenesis inhibition and the like.
- 1,1-dimethylbiguanide monohydrochloride (generic name: metformin), phenformin, buformin, and the like are preferable, and metformin is preferable.
- the “insulin secretion promoter” is not particularly limited as long as it is a drug having a splenic ⁇ -cell strength insulin secretion promoting action.
- sulfonylurea drugs such as darifenclamide, glimepiride, etc. (SU agent) and (-) - ⁇ - (trans-4- isopropylcyclohexanecarbonyl)-D-phenylalanine (—generic name: nateglinide) and other fast-acting insulin secretagogues (ferulanine hypoglycemic agents) Nateglinide is preferred.
- examples of the “insulin preparation” include animal insulin preparations extracted from sushi and swine spleen, and human insulin preparations synthesized by genetic engineering using Escherichia coli and yeast.
- Insulin preparations include various drugs such as super fast-acting, fast-acting, biphasic, intermediate, and sustaining. These can be selected and administered according to the patient's condition, and preferably, fast-acting insulin (Regular insulin).
- dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor is a drug having an action such as inhibiting DPP-IV and suppressing degradation of GLP-1. If there is no particular limitation, for example, MK-0431 and WO 2000/34241 pamphlets described in WO 2005/3135 and WO 2003/4498 represented by the following structural formula LAF-237 as described in BMS-477118 as described in WO 2001/68603 pamphlet. MK-0431 is preferred.
- the “Cl-3 alkyl group” is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n Mention may be made of -propyl or isopropyl groups.
- R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are preferably methyl groups.
- the “Cl-6 alkyl group” is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the “C1_3 alkyl group” Or n-butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 4 -Methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1-methylpentyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1, 3 Mention may be made of -dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl or 2-ethylbutyl groups.
- the substituent of the amino group of R 5 and R 6 is
- the “halogen atom” is a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom
- R 9 and R 11 are preferably fluorine atoms.
- Cl-3 haloalkyl group or "Cl-6 haloalkyl group”
- the “Cl-3 alkyl group” or the “Cl-6 alkyl group” is a group in which the “norogen atom” is substituted.
- Examples of the “Cl-3 haloalkyl group” include, for example, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, difluoromethyl, dichloromethyl, dibromomethyl, fluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethylenole, 2,2,2-trichloroethylenole.
- R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 1G are preferably a fluoromethyl group.
- C1-6 haloalkyl group for example, the groups listed as examples of the “C1_3 haloalkyl group”, or 4-iodobutyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 4-chlorobutyl, 5-iodopentyl, 5-phenolopentyl pentinole, 5- Clochin pentynole, 6-hydrohexenole, 6-funoleo hexenole, 6-chlorohexyl group, R 7 and R 1G are preferably a C 1-3 haloalkyl group, more preferably a fluoromethyl group.
- “/ C 1-3 hydroxyalkyl group” or “C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl group” means the above “Cl-3 alkyl group” or “Cl-6 alkyl group”, respectively. Is a group substituted with a hydroxyl group.
- Examples of the “Cl-3 hydroxyalkyl group” include hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, and hydroxypropyl groups.
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 1Q are preferably hydroxy. It is a methyl group.
- Examples of the “Cl-6 hydroxyalkyl group” include the groups listed as examples of the above “Cl-3 hydroxyalkyl group”, or hydroxybutyl, hydroxypentyl, and hydroxyhexyl groups.
- the substituent for the amino group of R 1Q , R 11 and R 1 is preferably a Cl-3 hydroxyalkyl group, more preferably a hydroxymethyl group.
- the “Cl-3 alkoxy group” or “Cl-6 alkoxy group” means that the “C 1-3 alkyl group” or “C 1-6 alkyl group” is bonded to an oxygen atom, respectively. It is a group.
- Examples of the “C 1-3 alkoxy group” include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, and isopropoxy groups.
- R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are preferably a C1-3 alkoxy group, more preferably a methoxy group.
- “/ C 1-3 alkoxymethyl group” or “C 1-6 alkoxymethyl group” means “Cl-3 alkoxy group” or “Cl-6 alkoxy group”, respectively. It is a group bonded to a carbyl group.
- Examples of the “Cl-3 alkoxymethyl group” include methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, n-propoxymethyl, and isopropoxymethyl groups.
- R 1 and R 2 are preferably methoxymethyl groups. is there.
- Cl-6 alkoxymethyl group for example, the groups listed as examples of the above “C1_3 alkoxymethyl group”, or n-butoxymethyl, isobutoxymethyl, s-butoxymethyl, tert-butoxymethyl, n- Pentoxymethyl, isopentoxymethyl, 2-methylbutoxymethyl, neopentoxymethyl, n-hexyloxymethyl, 4-methylpentoxymethyl, 3-methylpentoxymethyl, 2-methylpentoxymethyl, 3,3-dimethyl Examples include butoxymethyl, 2,2-dimethylbutoxymethyl, 1,1-dimethylbutoxymethyl, 1,2-dimethylbutoxymethyl, 1,3-dimethylbutoxymethyl, and 2,3-dimethylbutoxymethyl.
- R 1 and R 2 are preferably a “Cl-3 alkoxymethyl group”, and more preferably a methoxymethyl group.
- the oligosaccharide derivative having the general formula (I) of the present invention can be converted to an acid addition salt when it has a basic group according to a conventional method.
- salts include hydrohalic acid salts such as hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and hydroiodic acid; inorganic salts such as nitrates, perchlorates, sulfates and phosphates.
- Acid salts salts of lower alkanesulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and ethanesulfonic acid; salts of aryl sulfonic acids such as benzenesulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid; such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid
- amino acid salts salts of carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, mandelic acid, ascorbic acid, lactic acid, darconic acid, and succinic acid Can do.
- Preferred is a salt of halogen hydrohydroacid, and most preferred is hydrochloride.
- the oligosaccharide derivative having the general formula (I) since it can be converted into a metal salt according to a conventional method.
- Such salts include, for example, alkali metal salts such as lithium, sodium and potassium; alkaline earth such as calcium, sodium and magnesium.
- Metal salts; Aluminum salts can be mentioned. Alkali metal salts are preferred.
- the oligosaccharide derivative having the general formula (I) of the present invention can be converted into a pharmacologically acceptable ester according to a conventional method.
- Such an ester is not particularly limited as long as it is medically used and pharmacologically acceptable as compared with the oligosaccharide derivative having the general formula (I).
- the ester of the oligosaccharide derivative having the general formula (I) of the present invention includes, for example, a C1-6 alkyl group (the alkyl group may be substituted with a trialkylsilyl group), C7-16 Aralkyl group, C 1-5 alkyl group substituted with C 1-6 alkanoyloxy, C 1-5 alkyl group substituted with C 1-6 alkyloxycarboxyl, C5-7 cycloalkyloxy group C 1-5 alkyl group substituted by C6-10 C 1-5 alkyl group substituted by aryloxycarboxoxy, 2-oxo-1,3 having C1-6 alkyl as a substituent at the 5-position -Dioxolen-4-yl group can be mentioned.
- the C1-6 alkyl group is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and more preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, A butyl or isobutyl group, most preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the C1-5 alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably a methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl or isobutyl group. And most preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- the C5-7 cycloalkyl group is a 5- to 7-membered saturated cyclic hydrocarbon group, and examples thereof include cyclobenzoyl, cyclohexyl, and cycloheptyl groups, and preferably cyclohexyl. It is a group.
- the C6-10 aryl group is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include phenyl, indul, and naphthyl groups, and is preferably a phenyl group. .
- the C7-16 aralkyl group is a group in which the above "C6-10 aryl group” is bonded to the above “Cl-6 alkyl group", and examples thereof include benzyl, ⁇ -naphthylmethyl, j8-naphthylmethyl, Indenylmethyl, phenanthrenylmethyl, anthracenylmethyl, diphenylmethyl, triphenylmethyl, 1-phenethyl, 2-phenethyl, 1-naphthylethyl, 2-naphthylethyl, 1-phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl, 3 -Phenolpropyl, 1-naphthylpropyl 2-naphthylpropyl, 3-naphthylpropyl, 1-phenylbutyl, 2-phenylbutyl, 3-phenylbutyl, 4-phenylbutyl, 1-naphthylbut
- the “alkyl group” is preferably an “aralkyl group” having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and more preferably a benzyl group.
- suitable ester residues include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, benzyl, acetomethyl, 1- (acetoxy) ethyl, propio-oxymethyl, 1- (propio- Ruoxy) ethyl, butyryloxymethyl, 1- (butyryloxy) ethyl, isobutyryloxymethyl, 1- (isobutyryloxy) ethyl, valeryloxymethyl, 1- (valeryloxy) ethyl, isovaleryloxymethyl, 1 -(Isovaleryloxy) ethyl, bivalyloxymethyl, 1- (bivalyloxy) ethyl, methoxycarboxoxymethyl, 1-
- the oligosaccharide derivative having the general formula (I) has various isomers.
- optical isomers may exist in the A moiety and the sugar binding moiety.
- stereoisomers based on these asymmetric carbon atoms and equivalent and unequal mixtures of these isomers are all represented by a single formula. Accordingly, the present invention includes all of these isomers and mixtures of these isomers in various proportions.
- the present invention includes all of the oligosaccharide derivatives having the general formula (I), salts or esters thereof forming a solvate (for example, hydrate).
- (A1) is preferably the following general formula (Ala) or (Alb)
- (A2) is preferably represented by the following general formula (A2a) or (A2b)
- (A3) is preferably represented by the following general formula (A3a)
- R 1 is preferably a C 1-6 alkyl group or a hydroxymethyl group, more preferably a methyl group or a hydroxymethyl group, and particularly preferably a methyl group.
- R 2 is preferably a C1-6 alkyl group or a hydroxymethyl group, more preferably a methyl group or a hydroxymethyl group, and particularly preferably a hydroxymethyl group.
- R 3 is preferably a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, or a hydrogen atom, and more preferably a C1-3 hydroxyalkyl.
- a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom is preferred, and a C1-3 hydroxyalkyl group is more preferred.
- a hydrogen atom particularly preferably a hydroxymethyl group.
- it is preferably a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, more preferably a hydroxymethyl group, a hydroxyl group or an amino group. Particularly preferred is a hydroxyl group.
- R 4 is preferably a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group in the general formulas (Al), (Ale) and (Ala), A hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a halogen atom, more preferably a hydroxyl group or a halogen atom, particularly preferably a hydroxyl group or a fluorine atom, and most preferably a hydroxyl group.
- A2a hydroxyl group is preferred, and a hydroxyl group is more preferred.
- R 5 is preferably a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-6 haloalkyl group or a hydrogen atom in the general formulas (Al), (Ale) and (Ala), more preferably Is a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, particularly preferably a C1-3 hydroxyalkyl group, and most preferably a hydroxymethyl group.
- Al hydroxyl
- Al halogen atom
- a C1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, hydroxyl group, hydrogen atom, halogen atom or amino group (the amino group is a C1-6 alkyl group or C1-6 1 or 2 may be substituted with a hydroxyalkyl group), and more preferably an amino group (the amino group is substituted with 1 or 2 of a C 1-6 alkyl group or a C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl group). And is particularly preferably an amino group.
- R 6 is preferably a C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, more preferably C 1-6 hydroxy.
- An alkyl group particularly preferably a C1-3 hydroxyalkyl group, and most preferably a hydroxymethyl group.
- R 7 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl group or a C 1-6 alkyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom.
- R 8 and R 9 are preferably C1-3 hydroxyalkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group.
- R 1Q is preferably a C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl group, more preferably a C 1-3 hydroxyalkyl group, and particularly preferably a hydroxymethyl group.
- R 11 is preferably a hydroxyl group.
- n is preferably 1.
- the general formula (I) is preferably represented by the following general formula (IA) or (IB) [0082] [Chemical 20]
- Soot is preferably represented by the following general formula (A1) or (A2)
- the compound having the general formula (I) of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method using a known compound as a starting material.
- a Q R 11 and n have the same meaning as described above.
- R 9 R 1 Q or R 11 represents a hydroxyl group or a group having a hydroxyl group, the hydroxyl group may be protected.
- X ⁇ X ⁇ Y al -Y a5 and Y el -Y e3 are the same or different, a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group (said hydroxyl group is protected by a protective group!
- Te ⁇ Y bl -Y b5 is the same or different and represents a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group (the hydroxyl group may be protected by a protecting group), and P 1 represents R 6 or Such as a C1-6 alkoxy carbo group (preferably a t-butoxy carbo yl group), a C7-16 aralkyloxy carbo ol group (preferably a benzyloxy carboxy group) Indicates protecting group for amino group, P 2 and P 3 Are the same or different, RC 1-6 alkoxy carbo group (preferably t-butoxy carbo ol group), C7-16 aralkyl oxy carboxy group (preferably benzyloxy carboxy group) An amino group protecting group such as L 3 and L 4 represent a hydroxyl group (the hydroxyl group is protected by a protecting group or a hydrogen atom may be substituted by a leaving group) or a leaving group.
- the protecting group used for protecting the hydroxyl group is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for protecting the hydroxyl group.
- the reagent used for protecting the diol is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for protecting the diol, but preferably an aldehyde derivative such as benzaldehyde or a keto such as acetone. And dimethoxy compounds such as 2,2-dimethoxypropane and dimethoxybenzyl.
- the step of producing the compound (I) of the present invention comprises the following three steps.
- the step ( ⁇ ) ⁇ is a step for producing the intermediate (m) which is the left part of the compound 0).
- Step B is a step for producing intermediate (vii), which is the right part of compound (I), and method a, method b, and method c can be selected depending on the desired compound (I).
- Step C is a step for producing the compound (I) of the present invention by condensing the intermediate (iii) obtained in Step A and the intermediate (vii) obtained in Step B. .
- Raw material compound (0 can be produced by protecting and deprotecting a hydroxyl group of a known compound by a known method.
- the hydroxyl group can be protected or deprotected as necessary during this step.
- Protection and deprotection of hydroxyl groups is performed by well-known methods, for example, “Protective groups in organic synthesis” by Green 'Watts (Wiley—Interscience, USA). ).
- the deprotection method can be carried out as follows.
- a silyl group When a silyl group is used as a protective group for a hydroxyl group, a compound that usually produces a fluorine anion such as tetraptoyl ammonium fluoride, hydrofluoric acid, hydrofluoric acid pyridine, or potassium fluoride. Or by treatment with an organic acid such as acetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, paratoluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, or an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid. [0106] In the case of removing with fluorine charon, the reaction may be promoted by forming an organic acid such as formic acid, acetic acid or propionic acid.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material to some extent, but is preferably jetyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane. And ethers such as dimethoxyethane and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether; -tolyls such as acetonitrile and isobutyric-tolyl; water; organic acids such as acetic acid and mixed solvents thereof.
- the reaction temperature and reaction time are not particularly limited. Usually, the reaction is carried out at 0 ° C to 100 ° C (preferably 10 ° C to 30 ° C) for 1 to 24 hours.
- the hydroxyl-protecting group is an aralkyl group or an aralkyloxycarboxyl group
- it is usually contacted with a reducing agent in a solvent (preferably at room temperature under a catalyst).
- a reducing agent preferably at room temperature under a catalyst.
- a method of removing (contact reduction) or a method of removing using an oxidizing agent is suitable.
- the solvent used in the removal by catalytic reduction is not particularly limited as long as it does not participate in this reaction, but alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane.
- Ethers such as toluene, benzene and xylene, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and cyclohexane, esters such as ethyl acetate and propyl acetate, formamide, dimethylformamide Amides such as dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, hexamethyl phosphorotriamide, fatty acids such as formic acid and acetic acid, water, or a mixed solvent thereof is more preferable. Alcohols, fatty acids, mixed solvents of alcohols and ethers, alcohol A mixed solvent of alcohols and water, or a mixed solvent of fatty acids and water.
- the catalyst to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for catalytic reduction reaction, but preferably, it is « ⁇ radium carbon, « ⁇ radium black, lane-nickel, oxidation. Platinum, platinum black, rhodium-aluminum oxide, triphenylphosphine-rhodium chloride, and palladium barium monosulfate are used.
- the pressure is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 to 10 atm.
- reaction temperature and reaction time vary depending on the starting material, the solvent, the type of the catalyst, etc. It is usually 0 ° C to 100 ° C (preferably 20 ° C to 70 ° C), 5 minutes to 48 hours (preferably 1 hour to 24 hours).
- the solvent used in the removal with acid is not particularly limited as long as it does not participate in this reaction, but is preferably a water-containing organic solvent.
- organic solvents include ketones such as acetone, methylene chloride, chloroform, halogenated hydrocarbons such as tetrasalt and carbon, -tolyls such as acetonitrile, and the like.
- ketones such as acetone, methylene chloride, chloroform, halogenated hydrocarbons such as tetrasalt and carbon, -tolyls such as acetonitrile, and the like.
- ethers such as tilether, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, amides such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, hexamethylphosphorotriamide and sulfoxides such as dimethylsulfoxide.
- the oxidizing agent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound used in acid, but preferably potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, ammonium-mucerium nitrate (CAN).
- reaction temperature and reaction time vary depending on the starting materials, solvent, and catalyst type, etc.
- the reaction is usually carried out at 0 to 150 ° C for 10 minutes to 24 hours.
- an alkali metal such as metallic lithium or metallic sodium at -78 to -20 in liquid ammonia or alcohol such as methanol or ethanol.
- alkylsilyl iodide such as sodium chloride-aluminum iodide-sodium iodide or trimethylsilyl iodide in a solvent.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not participate in this reaction, but is preferably halogenated such as -tolyls such as acetonitrile, methylene chloride, and chloroform. Hydrocarbons or mixed solvents thereof are used.
- reaction temperature and reaction time vary depending on the starting materials, solvent, etc.
- the reaction is usually carried out at 0 to 50 ° C for 5 minutes to 3 days.
- reaction substrate has a sulfur atom
- salt-aluminum-sodium iodide is preferably used.
- the hydroxyl-protecting group is an aliphatic acyl group, an aromatic acyl group or an alkoxycarbonyl group, it is removed by treatment with a base in a solvent.
- the base to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect other parts of the compound, but preferably metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide; sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, Alkali metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate; alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, barium hydroxide or ammonia water, concentrated ammonia ammonia such as methanolkind is used.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is used in ordinary hydrolysis reactions; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and n-propanol; tetrahydrofuran and dioxane.
- An organic solvent such as ethers or a mixed solvent of water and the above organic solvent is preferable.
- reaction temperature and reaction time vary depending on the starting materials, the solvent, the base used, etc., and are not particularly limited, but are usually 0 to 150 ° C for 1 to 10 hours in order to suppress side reactions. To be implemented.
- the protecting group for a hydroxyl group is an alkoxymethyl group, a tetrahydrobiranyl group, a tetrahydrothiopropyl group, a tetrahydrofuranyl group, a tetrahydrothiofuryl group, or a substituted ethyl group It is removed by treatment with an acid in a solvent.
- the acid to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used as a Bronsted acid or Lewis acid.
- Hydrogen chloride inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid; or Bronsted acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, methane sulfonic acid, organic acids such as P-toluene sulfonic acid: Lewis acid such as boron trifluoride Strong acid cation exchange such as Dowex 50W Fats can also be used.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material to some extent, but preferably it is hexane, heptane, lignin, petroleum ether or the like.
- Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene; halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, black mouth form, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, black mouth benzene, dichlorobenzene; formic acid Esters such as ethyl, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, and jetyl carbonate; ethers such as jetyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethoxyethane, and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether; methanol, ethanol, n —Propanol, isopropy
- reaction temperature and reaction time vary depending on the starting material, the solvent, and the type and concentration of the acid used, etc. Usually between -10 and 100 ° C (preferably between -5 and 50 ° C). 5 minutes to 48 hours (preferably 30 minutes to 10 hours).
- the hydroxyl protecting group is an alkoxycarbonyl group
- the conditions for the removal reaction in the case where the hydroxyl protecting group is usually the above-mentioned aliphatic acyl group, aromatic acyl group or alkoxycarbonyl group In the same manner as above.
- hydroxyl-protecting group is a formyl group, it is removed by treatment with a base in a solvent.
- the base to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect other parts of the compound, and an alkali metal hydrogen carbonate such as potassium hydrogen carbonate is preferably used.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is used in ordinary hydrolysis reactions; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and n-propanol; tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and the like.
- An organic solvent such as ethers or a mixed solvent of water and the above organic solvent is preferred.
- reaction temperature and reaction time vary depending on the starting materials, the solvent, the base used, etc., and are not particularly limited, but are usually 0 to 150 ° C for 1 to 10 hours in order to suppress side reactions. To be implemented.
- Acetamide in which a hydroxyl-protecting group is substituted with a halogen such as trifluoroacetamide group If it is a group, it is removed by treatment with a base in a solvent.
- the base to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the other parts of the compound, but a basic resin such as Dowex 1 X 4 (OH-) is preferably used. Used.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is used in a normal hydrolysis reaction; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and n-propanol are preferable, and more preferably. Is water.
- Palladium catalyst such as palladium chloride or iridium catalyst is suitable for deprotection of the aryl group at the anomeric position.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is used in a normal catalytic reaction, and an alcohol solvent such as methanol, an ether solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, or water is preferable, and water is more preferable.
- an alcohol solvent such as methanol
- an ether solvent such as tetrahydrofuran
- water is preferable, and water is more preferable.
- methanol and tetrahydrofuran are methanol and tetrahydrofuran.
- This step is a step for producing compound GO, and after introducing a leaving group to a hydroxyl group at a desired site as necessary, a nucleophilic substitution reaction is performed with a reagent corresponding to the R 1 and R 2 groups to be introduced. It is achieved from Kotoko.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material, such as jetyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane.
- Ethers dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, amides such as hexamethyl phosphate triamide, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chlorophenol, 1,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, propio-tolyl
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chlorophenol, 1,2-dichloroethane, acetonitrile, propio-tolyl
- tolyls esters such as ethyl formate and ethyl acetate, or mixed solvents thereof, more preferably halogenated hydrocarbons or ethers, particularly preferably dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran. is there.
- the halogenating agent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for a reaction in which a hydroxyl group is a halogen atom, but a dialkylaminosulfur trihalide such as jetylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST).
- DAST jetylaminosulfur trifluoride
- Thiol mouthlids such as thiol bromides, thiol halides such as thiol iodides, sulfuryl chlorides, sulfuryl bromides, sulfuryl iodides such as sulfur iodides, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus tribromide, Phosphorus iodide Phosphorus trihalides, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus pentabromide, phosphorus pentaiodide, such as phosphorus pentahalide, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus oxybromide, phosphorus oxyiodide such as phosphorus oxyiodide Can be cited.
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to under heating (boiling point of the solvent used), preferably from room temperature to under heating (boiling point of the solvent used).
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- the sulfonating agent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used in a reaction for sulfonylation of a hydroxyl group.
- ethanesulfonyl chloride is used.
- alkanesulfonyl halides, halogenated arylsulphates such as p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, methanesulphonic anhydrides, benzenesulphonic anhydrides, and sulphonic anhydrides such as trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydrides. be able to.
- Preference is given to methanesulfonyl chloride, p-toluene chloride or trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material to some extent.
- a fat such as hexane, heptane, lignin, and petroleum ether is used.
- Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; halogenated hydrocarbons such as methyl chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, dichloroethane, chloroform benzene and dichlorobenzene; formic acid Examples include esters such as ethyl, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, and jetyl carbonate; ethers such as jetyl ether, diisopropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethoxyethane, and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether. Preferred are halogenated hydrocarbons, esters and ethers, and more preferred is tetrahydrofuran.
- the base to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is used as a base in a normal reaction, but is preferably triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, di-sodium pyrethylamine, dicyclohexane.
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to under heating (boiling point of the solvent used), preferably from 0 ° C to room temperature.
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 1 hour.
- Reagents used as reagents corresponding to R 1 and R 2 groups are commercially available reducing agents, halogenating agents, and the like.
- the reducing agent used is an alkali metal borohydride such as sodium borohydride or lithium borohydride, an aluminum hydride compound such as lithium aluminum hydride, or lithium trihydride aluminum hydride.
- a hydride reagent such as sodium tellurium hydride is preferred.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material, but alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ethers such as ether and tetrahydrofuran, or the above-mentioned solvents Mixed solvent is preferred
- the halogenating agent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for halogenated reactions, but preferably a dialkylaminosulfur trihalide such as jetylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST), Thiol chloride, thiobromide, thiol halides such as thiol iodide, sulfuryl chloride, sulfuryl bromide, sulfuryl iodides such as sulfur iodide, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus tribromide, phosphorus triiodide Such as trihalogenous phosphorus, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus pentabromide, phosphorus pentahalide such as phosphorus pentaiodide or phosphorus oxyhalide such as phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus oxybromide, phosphorus oxyiodide More preferred is jetylaminosulfur trifluoride.
- DAST jetylaminos
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material to some extent, and examples thereof include ethers such as ether and tetrahydrofuran. Tetrahydrofuran.
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to under heating (boiling point of the solvent used), preferably from room temperature to under heating (boiling point of the solvent used).
- reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- This step is a step for producing intermediate (iii), and is achieved by introducing a leaving group at the 1-position of compound (ii) according to the method of step A1.
- the starting compound (iv) can also be produced according to the method of Tetrahedron 26 ⁇ , 1985, pl469. Furthermore, the starting compound (V) can be produced by protecting and deprotecting the hydroxyl group of a known compound by a known method. In addition, as in Method A, the hydroxyl group can be protected or deprotected as necessary during this step. Further, when the substituent has a halogen atom, a halogen atom can be introduced in accordance with the halogen reaction in the step A1.
- This step is a step for producing the bicyclic compound (V), and is achieved by heating after reducing the azide group of the compound (iv).
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material, and examples thereof include water-soluble ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, water, and mixed solvents thereof. , And preferably a mixed solvent of water and tetrahydrofuran.
- Examples of the reducing agent for the azide group include phosphines and aqueous ammonia.
- Powers such as trialkylphosphine, trialkylphosphine such as triethylphosphine and aqueous ammonia, or triarylphosphine and aqueous ammonia such as triphenylphosphine, preferably triaryl such as triphenylphosphine Phosphine and aqueous ammonia.
- a catalyst may also be used as the reducing agent.
- the catalyst to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for catalytic reduction.
- palladium carbon palladium black, palladium hydroxide carbon, Raney nickel, acid platinum, platinum black, rhodium.
- Examples include aluminum oxide, triphenylphosphine-rhodium chloride, palladium-barium sulfate, and preferably palladium carbon or palladium hydroxide carbon.
- the solvent used does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material.
- alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, fatty acids such as acetic acid, and esters such as ethyl acetate are preferable. More preferred is methanol.
- the reaction temperature is 0 ° C to 50 ° C, preferably 0 ° C to room temperature.
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- This step is a step for producing a compound (vi) in which the amino group is protected, and is achieved by protecting the amino group of compound (V) with an appropriate protective group.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material, but is preferably an ether such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethoxyethane, diethylene glycol, methanol, or the like. And alcohols such as ethanol, ketones such as acetone and methylethyl ketone, amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide, and sulfoxides such as dimethylsulfoxide.
- an ether such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dimethoxyethane, diethylene glycol, methanol, or the like.
- alcohols such as ethanol, ketones such as acetone and methylethyl ketone, amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide, and sulfoxides such as dimethylsulfoxide.
- the reagent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for the reaction for introducing a protecting group into a free amino group, but di-butyl-di-carbonate, benzoxycarbox chloride is preferred. And di-t-butyldicarbonate are more preferred.
- the base used is not particularly limited as long as it is used as a base in a normal reaction, but is preferably an alkali metal carbonate, an alkali metal bicarbonate, or an organic base, and more preferably. There are alkali metal hydrogen carbonates.
- the reaction temperature is 0 ° C to 50 ° C, preferably 0 ° C to room temperature.
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 10 hours.
- This process is a process for producing a pyrrolidine compound (viia).
- One ring of the bicyclic compound (vi) is opened in the presence of a reducing agent, and the hydroxyl group is protected as necessary. In addition, this is achieved by deprotecting the hydroxyl group at the site of intermediate (iii) and glycosylation.
- the reducing agent used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for the reduction reaction,
- alkali metal borohydrides such as sodium borohydride, lithium borohydride, lithium aluminum hydride, aluminum hydride compounds such as lithium triethoxide aluminum, and hydride reagents such as sodium tellurium hydride.
- sodium borohydride is sodium borohydride.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material to some extent.
- alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, dioxane, ether
- examples include ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, water, and the above mixed solvents, and methanol or tetrahydrofuran is preferred.
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used, and preferably from 50 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used.
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material, but alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ethers such as ether and tetrahydrofuran, or the above-mentioned solvents Mixed solvent is preferred
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used, and preferably from 50 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used.
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- the raw material compound (viii) can also be produced according to the method of Carbohydrate research 169 ⁇ , 1987, p23. Furthermore, the starting compound (viii) can be produced by protecting and deprotecting the hydroxyl group of a known compound by a known method. Further, as in Method A, the hydroxyl group can be protected or deprotected as necessary during this step. Furthermore, when a substituent has a halogen atom, a halogen atom can be introduced in accordance with the halogen reaction in the step A1.
- This step is a step for producing compound (ix), and is achieved by introducing a leaving group at the 6-position of the starting compound (viii) under the same conditions as in Step A1. If necessary, the leaving group can be further converted into another leaving group. [0182] (Process Bb2)
- This step is a step for producing a compound (X) having an olefin end, and is achieved by heating compound (ix) in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material, but preferably alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, water, or a mixture thereof.
- alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, water, or a mixture thereof.
- a solvent is mentioned, and a mixed solvent of water and isopropanol is preferable.
- the catalyst to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for a reaction for reducing a double bond.
- Examples thereof include alkali metal borohydrides, lithium aluminum hydride, aluminum hydride compounds such as lithium triethoxide aluminum hydride, and hydride reagents such as sodium tellurium hydride, preferably zinc.
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used, and preferably from 50 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used.
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- This step is a step for producing a compound (xi) having a hydroxylamino group, and is achieved by treating the compound (X) with hydroxylamine hydrochloride.
- the solvent to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction and dissolves the starting material, but is preferably an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and an organic base such as pyridine.
- a mixed solvent of ethanol and pyridine is preferable.
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used, and preferably from 0 ° C to 60 ° C.
- reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- This step is a step for producing the bicyclic compound (xii), and is achieved by heating the compound (xi) in a solvent to cyclize.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is inert.
- Aromatic hydrocarbons such as luene and xylene are preferred, and toluene is more preferred.
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used, and preferably from 50 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used.
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- This step is a step for producing an intermediate compound (viib), in which the hydroxyl group at the site of glycosylation with intermediate (iii) is deprotected, and the secondary amine of compound (xii) is removed. This can be achieved by protecting under the same conditions as in step A1.
- the raw material compound (xiii) can also be produced according to the method of Chemical Pharmaceutical Bulletin 39 ⁇ , 1991, p2807. Furthermore, the raw material compound (xiii) can be produced by protecting and deprotecting the hydroxyl group of a known compound by a known method. In addition, as in Method A, hydroxyl group protection and deprotection can be performed as necessary during this step. Further, when the substituent has a halogen atom, the halogen atom can be introduced in accordance with the halogenation reaction in the step A1.
- This step is a step of producing an intermediate compound (viic) and is achieved by deprotecting the protective group for the hydroxyl group of the starting compound (xiii).
- This step is a step for producing the target compound (I), in which a glycosylation reaction is carried out with the intermediates (iii) and (vii), and deprotection of the hydroxyl group and amino group is performed by a conventional method. Is achieved by following
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it is inert.
- Preferred are halogenated hydrocarbons such as Lido and chloroform, ethers such as ether and tetrahydrofuran, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, and more preferred are halogenated hydrocarbons.
- ethers particularly preferably methyl chloride or ether.
- the catalyst to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is a catalyst usually used for glycosyl reaction, but trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, boron trifluoride ether complex, toluenesulfone. Acid, silver trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, tetrabutylammonium iodide and the like are suitable.
- the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to the boiling point of the solvent used, and preferably room temperature.
- the reaction time is 10 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour to 5 hours.
- (I) can also be produced by subjecting intermediates (iii) and (viic) to a glycosylation reaction followed by deprotection of the hydroxyl group and further under basic conditions. can do.
- the compound (I) can be produced by using the trisaccharide derivative as a raw material compound and the same method as the method A and the method C.
- Compound 0) can be converted to an acid addition salt when it has a basic group according to a conventional method, and is preferably a hydrochloride.
- the target compound is collected from the reaction mixture according to a conventional method. For example, neutralize the reaction mixture as appropriate, and if insolubles exist, remove by filtration, add water and an immiscible organic solvent such as ethyl acetate, wash with water, etc. The organic layer containing is separated, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and the like, and then distilled off to remove the solvent.
- a conventional method For example, neutralize the reaction mixture as appropriate, and if insolubles exist, remove by filtration, add water and an immiscible organic solvent such as ethyl acetate, wash with water, etc.
- the organic layer containing is separated, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and the like, and then distilled off to remove the solvent.
- the obtained target product can be obtained by a conventional method, for example, recrystallization, reprecipitation, or a method usually used for separation and purification of organic compounds, for example, adsorption column chromatography, distribution. Elution with an appropriate eluent by combining a method using a synthetic adsorbent such as column chromatography, a method using ion exchange chromatography, or a normal phase or reverse phase column chromatography using silica gel or alkyl silica gel. By doing so, it can be separated and purified.
- one or more ⁇ -amylase inhibitors can be used.
- Ma one or more insulin sensitivity enhancers, biguanides, insulin secretagogues, insulin preparations and DPP-IV inhibitors can be used.
- the a-amylase inhibitor and at least one of an insulin sensitivity enhancer, a biguanide agent, an insulin secretagogue, an insulin preparation and a DPP-IV inhibitor can be administered in the form of a combination drug.
- each single agent can also be administered simultaneously.
- each single agent can also be administered before or after each other at an appropriate interval. The dosing interval allowed to achieve the effect brought about by the administration of such a drug can be confirmed clinically or by animal experiments.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is administered in various forms.
- the dosage form is determined according to various dosage forms, the age, sex and other conditions of the patient, the degree of disease, etc. For example, it is orally administered in the case of tablets, pills, powders, granules, syrups, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, condyles and capsules.
- conventionally known carriers can be widely used as carriers, such as lactose, sucrose, sodium chloride sodium, glucose, urea, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, crystalline cellulose.
- Excipients such as carboxylic acid, water, ethanol, propanol, simple syrup, glucose solution, starch solution, gelatin solution, binders such as carboxymethylcellulose, shellac, methylcellulose, potassium phosphate, polypyrrole pyrrolidone, Dry starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, laminaran powder, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, sodium lauryl sulfate, monoglyceride stearate, starch, lactose, etc., white sugar, stearin , Cacao butter, decay additives such as hydrogenated oil, 4th Absorption promoters such as ammonia base, sodium lauryl sulfate, humectants such as
- a conventionally known carrier can be widely used as a carrier.
- excipients such as glucose, lactose, starch, cocoa butter, hydrogenated vegetable oil, kaolin, talc, Examples thereof include binders such as gum arabic powder, tragacanth powder, gelatin and ethanol, and disintegrants such as laminaran strength.
- a colorant if necessary, a colorant, a preservative, a fragrance, a flavoring agent, a sweetening agent, and other pharmaceuticals may be contained.
- the amount of the active ingredient-compound contained in the above-mentioned pharmaceutical preparation is not particularly limited and is appropriately selected over a wide range. Usually 1 to 70% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight in the total composition Appropriate amounts are included.
- each antidiabetic agent used in the present invention can vary greatly depending on various conditions such as activity of individual substances, patient symptoms, age, body weight and the like.
- the dose of the therapeutic agent for diabetes used in the present invention can vary greatly, but is usually 0.001 mg / kg (preferably 0.001 mg / kg, more preferably 1 day)
- the upper limit is preferably 30 mg / kg (preferably 3 mg / kg, more preferably 1.5 mg / kg).
- the dose ratio of ⁇ -amylase inhibitors to other antidiabetic agents can also vary significantly.
- the weight ratio is in the range of 0.001 to 100 (w / w).
- the amylase inhibitor and the other antidiabetic agent are each divided into the above dose once or several times a day, and at the same time or at different times. It is administered separately.
- the present invention by using a combination of an a-amylase inhibitor and another therapeutic agent for diabetes, it exhibits an excellent blood glucose-lowering action against hyperglycemia during diabetes, effectively preventing diabetes. Can be prevented and treated.
- the medicament is effective for complications of urineuria caused by hyperglycemia.
- a stable hypoglycemic effect is expected even after long-term administration. It can be a prophylactic and therapeutic drug for the above-mentioned diseases with very little effect.
- amylase ( ⁇ ) derived from human spleen “Caribzyme ⁇ ” (manufactured by Kokusai Reagent Co., Ltd.) was used. Purified water was added to a commercially available bag and dissolved to a concentration of 200 IU / 1 to obtain a amylase solution. The activity of amylase was measured using a commercially available amylase measuring reagent “Neo'Amylase Test I” (Daiichi Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- test compound was prepared with distilled water to a final concentration of 0.1 to 30 g / ml.
- distilled water was added to the blank instead of the ⁇ -amylase solution.
- the inhibition rate was calculated by the following formula, and the final concentration (g / ml) of the test compound necessary to inhibit the activity of the liquid solution by 50% is shown in Table 1 as the IC value.
- Rats (5 or 6 per group) were fasted overnight and used by oral gavage of starch suspended in a solvent (0.5% methylcellulose solution) at a dose of 2g / 10mL / kg, followed by blood glucose level The rise of was evaluated.
- nateglinide was administered at a dose of 20 mg / 5 mL / kg 5 minutes before starch administration. Orally administered at a dose.
- nateglinide was administered orally at a dose of 20 mg / 5 mL / kg 5 minutes before starch administration, and Compound A was dosed at a dose of 0.1 mg / 10 mL / kg at the time of starch administration. It was mixed with the solution and administered by oral gavage.
- Blood glucose levels were measured before starch administration and 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours after starch administration. Blood was collected from the rat's tail vein, and blood glucose was measured using a simple blood glucose meter (Dalco Lauder GXT, manufactured by Aandtee Co., Ltd.), and the area under the curve for increasing blood glucose was calculated and shown in Fig. 1. .
- the medicament of the present invention is more effective in the prevention and treatment of diabetes because it lowers blood glucose during diabetes more effectively than the single administration of a drug.
- the medicament of the present invention can provide a sufficient effect even when a smaller amount is used as compared with the case where each drug is administered alone, the side effect of an insulin secretagogue in the treatment of diabetes. (Eg, hypoglycemia, spleen
- diabetic rats Commercially available diabetic rats (Goto-Kakizaki rats, male, 31 weeks old when used, sold by Nippon Charles River Inc.)
- Rats (4 to 5 animals per group) were fasted overnight and used by oral gavage of starch suspended in a solvent (0.5% carboxymethylcellulose solution) at a dose of 2g / 10mL / kg. The increase in sugar level was evaluated. [0231] To the control group, physiological saline (lmL / kg) was subcutaneously administered immediately before starch administration.
- Insulin group was given an insulin administration solution (regular insulin) immediately before starch administration.
- insulin administration liquid (regular insulin) was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 0.25 U / lmL / kg immediately before starch administration, and Compound A was administered at a dose of 0.05 mg / 10 mL / kg at the time of starch administration.
- the mixture was mixed with starch solution and administered by oral gavage.
- Blood glucose levels were measured before starch administration and 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 hours after starch administration. Blood was collected from the tail vein of the rat, and the blood glucose level was measured using a simple blood glucose meter (Dalco Lauder GXT, manufactured by Aandtee Co., Ltd.), and the area under the curve of the increase in blood glucose level was calculated and shown in FIG. .
- the medicament of the present invention is more effective in the prevention and treatment of diabetes because it lowers blood glucose during diabetes more effectively than the single administration of a drug.
- the medicament of the present invention can provide a sufficient effect even when a smaller amount is used as compared with the case where each drug is administered alone, side effects (for example, the insulin preparation in the treatment of diabetes) Hypoglycemia, weight gain, etc.) can be reduced.
- mice Commercially available diabetic mice (db / db mice, male, 7 weeks old when used, sold by CLEA Japan)
- mice A group of 5 mice was used. The control group was allowed to freely take a powdered feed (FR-2 powdered feed, Funabashi Farm Co., Ltd.) for 2 weeks. 50 pioglitazone for the pioglitazone and combination groups pm, Compound A group and combination group were ad libitum mixed with Compound A in powdered feed to a concentration of lOOppm.
- the medicament of the present invention lowers blood glucose during diabetes more effectively than the single administration of each drug, and is therefore useful for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
- the medicament of the present invention can provide a sufficient effect even when a smaller amount is used as compared with the case where each drug is administered alone, the side effect of the insulin sensitivity enhancer in the treatment of diabetes. (Eg, weight gain, cardiac hypertrophy, edema, liver dysfunction, etc.) can be reduced.
- diabetic rats Commercially available diabetic rats (Goto-Kakizaki rats, male, 29 weeks old when used, sold by Nippon Charles' River Co., Ltd.)
- a group of 5 rats was used.
- the control group was allowed to freely take powdered feed (FR-2 powdered feed, Funabashi Farm Co., Ltd.) for 2 weeks.
- Metformin group and combination group were treated with metformin (sold by Sigma Aldrich Japan Co., Ltd.) 300ppm, compound A group and combination group were mixed with powdered feed to a concentration of 40ppm and allowed to ingest freely. .
- the medicament of the invention is useful for the prevention and treatment of diabetes because it lowers blood glucose during diabetes more effectively than the single administration of each drug.
- a biguanide agent preferably metformin
- the medicament of the present invention can achieve a sufficient effect even when a small amount is used, compared with the case where each drug is administered alone, side effects (eg, digestive organs) possessed by biguanides in the treatment of diabetes. Disorders, lactic acidosis, rashes, etc.).
- mice One group of 4 mice was used, and the control group was orally administered distilled water (10 mL / kg) 1 hour before administration of carbohydrate (lg glucose + 2 g corn starch / 10 mL / kg body weight).
- MK-0431 aqueous solution was orally administered at a dose of 1 mg / 10 mL / kg 1 hour before carbohydrate administration.
- Compound A group distilled water (10 mL / kg) is orally administered 1 hour before carbohydrate administration, and at the time of carbohydrate administration, Compound A is administered in a carbohydrate solution so that the dose is 0.05 mg / 10 mL / kg. Mixed and administered orally.
- MK-0431 aqueous solution was orally administered at a dose of lmg / 10mL / kg 1 hour before carbohydrate administration, and Compound A was administered at a dose of 0.05mg / 10mL / kg at the time of carbohydrate administration. It was mixed with a carbohydrate solution and administered orally.
- Blood glucose levels were measured before carbohydrate administration and 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours after carbohydrate administration. Blood was collected from the tail vein of the mouse, and the blood glucose level was measured using a simple blood glucose meter (Dalco Lauder GXT, manufactured by A & T Co., Ltd.) to calculate the area under the curve of the increase in blood glucose level. Indicated.
- the medicament of the present invention is more effective for the prevention and treatment of diabetes because it lowers blood glucose during diabetes more effectively than the single administration of a drug.
- the medicament of the present invention is considered to have a DP P IV inhibitor in the treatment of diabetes because a sufficient effect can be obtained even when a smaller amount is used as compared with the case where each drug is administered alone. Side effects (eg, loss of appetite, nausea, liver dysfunction, immune deficiency) can be reduced. From the above results, it can be understood that the medicament of the present invention has a remarkable enhancing effect as compared with the effect when each drug is administered alone.
- D-maltose monohydrate (36. Og ⁇ lOOmmol) is dissolved in pyridine (200mL), and anhydrous acetic acid (lOOmL) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.6g, 4.90mol) are added. For 12 hours. The reaction mixture was ice-cooled, ice (30 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min, extracted with ethyl acetate (500 mL), and the organic layer was diluted with hydrochloric acid (1N, 200 mL), saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (1 OOmL), saturated Wash with brine (lOOmL). After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the residue was dissolved in methylene chloride (700 mL), added with aryl alcohol (34 mL, 500 mol) and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (18. lmL, lOOmmol), and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours.
- the reaction solution was added to saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate (1 L), extracted with methylene chloride (500 mL), the organic layer was washed with saturated brine (300 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. did.
- the residue was purified by silica gel flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate: hexane, 2: 3, VZV) to obtain the title object compound (30. Og, yield 31%) as a pale yellow amorphous.
- ⁇ -D-cellobiose octacetate 48. 59 g, 71.6 mmol is dissolved in methylene chloride (600 mL), and ice-cooled with allylic alcohol (29 ml, 0.43 mol) and trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (16 mL). 86. Ommol) and stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. Water (200 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with methylene chloride (200 mL). The extract was washed with saturated brine (lOOmL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure.
- Aqueous ammonia containing the target compound is concentrated under reduced pressure and silica gel flash column chromatography (acetate The title compound was obtained as a colorless solid (1.6 g, 35%) using chill: methanol: water, 5: 2: 1 to 1: 1: 1, V / V).
- a— D-cellobiose octacetate (4.15 g, 6.12 mmol) is dissolved in methylene chloride (50 mL), and ice-cooled with allylic alcohol (2.09 mL, 30.6 mmol), trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. (1 lmL, 6.12 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. Water (20 mL) was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with methylene chloride (50 mL). The organic layer was washed with saturated Japanese brine (20 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure.
- Triethylamine (5.0 liter 0.036 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL), saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL), saturated brine (20 mL). ). After drying the organic layer over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure. A, The residue containing the ⁇ mixture is purified using silica gel flash column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate, 6: 1, VZV). Of these, the title compound ⁇ -form (126. Omg, 13%) was isolated as a colorless oil.
- aqueous ammonia containing the target compound under reduced pressure, purify it using silica gel flash force ram chromatography (ethyl acetate: methanol: water, 5: 2: 1 to 1: 1: 1, V / V).
- the target compound was obtained as a colorless amorphous (23. lmg, 52%).
- the reaction mixture was poured into 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid (80 mL) and ethyl acetate (200 mL), and the organic layer was washed with 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid (80 mL), saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (80 mL), and saturated brine (50 mL). After washing and drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was purified using silica gel flash column chromatography (hexane: ethyl acetate, 5: 1-3: 1, V / V) to give the title object compound (16.9 g, yield 88%) as a pale yellow amorphous product. Got as.
- Zinc powder (2g) obtained by dissolving the compound synthesized in Reference Example 6 (6e) (2.1 lg, 4.38 mmol) in isopropanol (50 mL) and water (2 mL) and washing with 5% aqueous hydrochloric acid. And heated to reflux for 25 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was filtered through Celite, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethanol (50 mL), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (913 mg, 13. lmmol) and pyridine (1.06 mL, 13. lmmol) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C for 50 minutes.
- Ammonia water containing the target compound is concentrated under reduced pressure, and purified using silica gel flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate: methanol: water, 5: 2: 1 to 1: 1: 1, V / V) to give the title target compound (47mg, 64%) Obtained as a colored solid.
- Trietylamine (8.0 les 0.057 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL), saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate (20 mL), saturated brine (20 mL) Washed with After drying the organic layer over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- A The residue containing the ⁇ mixture was purified using silica gel flash column chromatography (hexane: jetyl ether, 3: 1, V / V). After purification, the ⁇ -form (150. lmg, 13%) of the title object compound was isolated as a colorless amorphous substance.
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the aqueous solution (lOOmL) was applied to an ion exchange resin (Dowex 50w ⁇ 8) column and then flushed with 1% aqueous ammonia (lOOmL).
- aqueous ammonia containing the target compound under reduced pressure and purify using silica gel flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate: methanol: water, 5: 2: 1 to 1: 1: 1, V / V) to give the title
- the target compound 49. lmg, 95%) was obtained as a colorless solid.
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and after passing through an ion exchange resin (Dowex 50wX 8) column with water (30 mL), 1% aqueous ammonia (30 mL) was passed. Concentrate the aqueous ammonia containing the target compound under reduced pressure and purify using silica gel flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate: methanol: water, 5: 2: 1 to 1: 1: 1, V / V) to give the title The target compound (26 mg, 65%) was obtained as a colorless solid.
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and after passing through an ion exchange resin (Dow ex 50w X 8) column with water (30 mL), 1% aqueous ammonia (30 mL) was passed.
- Aqueous ammonia containing the target compound is concentrated under reduced pressure, purified using silica gel flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate: methanol: water, 5: 2: 1 to 1: 1: 1, V / V)
- the desired compound was obtained as a colorless solid (13 mg, 68%).
- (2R, 3R, 4R) 2-hydroxymethyl-1-3-hydroxy-1-pyrrolidine-1-4-yl 4--0-(6-deoxy- ⁇ -D-gnolecopyranosinole)-a-D-gnolecopyra Nosid) (12a) (2R, 3R, 4R) —N-Benzyloxycarbolue 2-Benzyloxymethyl —3-Hydroxymonopyrrolidine 1 4-Inole 2, 3, 6-Tri-O-Benzenore 1 — O— (2, 3, 4—Tri-I O-Benzyl 1-Deoxy-1 13—D—Darkopyranosyl)-a— D—Gnorecopyranoside
- this pale yellow oil (610 mg, 0.465 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (10 mL), potassium carbonate water (1 M, 1 mL, 1 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hr.
- the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified using silica gel flash column chromatography (hexane: jetyl ether, 2: 1, V / V) to give the title object compound (280 mg, yield 50%). Obtained as a colorless solid.
- Methyl 2,3 Di- ⁇ Benzyl 6- ⁇ - ⁇ Toluenesulfol ⁇ - D Glucobylanoside (J. Org. Chem., 2001, 66, 5965-5975) (163.9 g, 310 mmol) was converted to methylene chloride (1 5 liters), 4 dimethylaminopyridine (43.5 g, 352 mmol), ⁇ rietinoleamine (49. OmL, 352 mmol) was added, and water-cooled with salt benzoinole (43.2 mL, 372 mmol). The solution was added dropwise and stirred at 0 ° C for 1 hour.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2575521A CA2575521C (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2005-07-29 | Medicinal composition containing diabetes remedy |
US11/572,752 US7943584B2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2005-07-29 | Medicinal composition containing diabetes remedy |
BRPI0513806-0A BRPI0513806A (pt) | 2004-07-29 | 2005-07-29 | composição medicinal contendo remédio para diabetes |
EP05767081A EP1792620A4 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2005-07-29 | MEDICAL COMPOSITION WITH AN AGENT AGAINST DIABETES |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004222419 | 2004-07-29 | ||
JP2004-222419 | 2004-07-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006011588A1 true WO2006011588A1 (ja) | 2006-02-02 |
Family
ID=35786334
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/013912 WO2006011588A1 (ja) | 2004-07-29 | 2005-07-29 | 糖尿病治療薬を含有する医薬組成物 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7943584B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1792620A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070047289A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101027064A (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0513806A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2575521C (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200608967A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006011588A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007086446A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-02 | Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited | 心不全の予防又は治療のための医薬組成物 |
US7820666B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2010-10-26 | Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Tetrahydrotriazolopyrazine derivatives and uses thereof |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103304501B (zh) * | 2013-06-02 | 2015-03-04 | 张远强 | 一类抗糖尿病化合物、其制备方法和用途 |
CN103304503B (zh) * | 2013-06-02 | 2015-03-04 | 张远强 | 抗糖尿病化合物、其制备方法和用途 |
CN103304502B (zh) * | 2013-06-02 | 2015-03-04 | 张远强 | 一类抗糖尿病化合物、其制备方法和用途 |
CN103304499B (zh) * | 2013-06-02 | 2015-03-04 | 张远强 | 抗糖尿病化合物、其制备方法和用途 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000050434A1 (fr) * | 1999-02-22 | 2000-08-31 | Kikkoman Corporation | Derives de malto-oligosaccharide et leurs utilisations |
WO2001094367A1 (fr) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-13 | Kikkoman Corporation | Derives de malto-oligosaccharide et utilisation correspondante |
JP2004250446A (ja) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-09-09 | Sankyo Co Ltd | オリゴ糖誘導体 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AR240698A1 (es) | 1985-01-19 | 1990-09-28 | Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd | Procedimiento para preparar compuestos de 5-(4-(2-(5-etil-2-piridil)-etoxi)benzil)-2,4-tiazolidindiona y sus sales |
ATE186724T1 (de) | 1987-09-04 | 1999-12-15 | Beecham Group Plc | Substituierte thiazolidindionderivate |
US5594016A (en) | 1992-12-28 | 1997-01-14 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Naphthalene derivatives |
US5783568A (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1998-07-21 | Sugen, Inc. | Methods for treating cancer and other cell proliferative diseases |
CZ293016B6 (cs) | 1995-06-01 | 2004-01-14 | Sankyo Company Limited | Benzimidazolové deriváty a farmaceutické prostředky s jejich obsahem |
TR199801249T2 (xx) | 1995-12-28 | 1998-10-21 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co,Ltd. | Benzimidazol t�revleri. |
SE9801992D0 (sv) | 1998-06-04 | 1998-06-04 | Astra Ab | New 3-aryl-2-hydroxypropionic acid derivative I |
CO5150173A1 (es) | 1998-12-10 | 2002-04-29 | Novartis Ag | Compuestos n-(glicilo sustituido)-2-cianopirrolidinas inhibidores de peptidasa de dipeptidilo-iv (dpp-iv) los cuales son efectivos en el tratamiento de condiciones mediadas por la inhibicion de dpp-iv |
JP4643775B2 (ja) | 1999-01-13 | 2011-03-02 | 日本食品化工株式会社 | 香気成分生成阻害剤 |
WO2000050494A1 (en) | 1999-02-23 | 2000-08-31 | Ips Corporation | Low voc (volatile organic compounds), dimethyl-2-piperidone solvent-based, pvc and cpvc pipe and component adhesives and primers containing minimal or no tetrahydrofuran |
TWI284533B (en) | 1999-05-24 | 2007-08-01 | Sankyo Co | Pharmaceutical composition for treating hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes complications and for improving insulin resistant |
TWI260321B (en) | 1999-09-22 | 2006-08-21 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | Substituted acid derivatives useful as antidiabetic and antiobesity agents and method |
US6395767B2 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2002-05-28 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Cyclopropyl-fused pyrrolidine-based inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and method |
US7285546B2 (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2007-10-23 | Stragen Pharma S.A. | Cephalotaxanes, their method of preparation and their use in treatment of cancers, leukemias, parasites including those resistant to usual chemotherapeutic agents and as reversal agents |
US7192982B2 (en) | 2001-06-07 | 2007-03-20 | Ligand Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Modulators of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors |
UA74912C2 (en) | 2001-07-06 | 2006-02-15 | Merck & Co Inc | Beta-aminotetrahydroimidazo-(1,2-a)-pyrazines and tetratriazolo-(4,3-a)-pyrazines as inhibitors of dipeptylpeptidase for the treatment or prevention of diabetes |
DK1589023T3 (da) | 2003-01-30 | 2010-12-13 | Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd | Oligosaccharid-derivat |
JO2625B1 (en) | 2003-06-24 | 2011-11-01 | ميرك شارب اند دوم كوربوريشن | Phosphoric acid salts of dipeptidyl betidase inhibitor 4 |
-
2005
- 2005-07-28 TW TW094125555A patent/TW200608967A/zh unknown
- 2005-07-29 BR BRPI0513806-0A patent/BRPI0513806A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-07-29 CA CA2575521A patent/CA2575521C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-29 EP EP05767081A patent/EP1792620A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-07-29 US US11/572,752 patent/US7943584B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-29 KR KR1020077002003A patent/KR20070047289A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-07-29 CN CNA2005800325623A patent/CN101027064A/zh active Pending
- 2005-07-29 WO PCT/JP2005/013912 patent/WO2006011588A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000050434A1 (fr) * | 1999-02-22 | 2000-08-31 | Kikkoman Corporation | Derives de malto-oligosaccharide et leurs utilisations |
WO2001094367A1 (fr) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-13 | Kikkoman Corporation | Derives de malto-oligosaccharide et utilisation correspondante |
JP2004250446A (ja) * | 2003-01-30 | 2004-09-09 | Sankyo Co Ltd | オリゴ糖誘導体 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1792620A4 * |
UCHIDA R. ET AL: "Synthesis of new N-Containing Maltooligosaccharides, alpha-Amylase Inhibitors, and Their Biological Activities.", CHEM PHARM BULL., vol. 47, no. 2, 1999, pages 187 - 193, XP002197612 * |
YAMASHITA T. ET AL: "New Polyhydroxylated Pyrrolidine, Piperidine, and Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Scilla Sibirica.", JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS., vol. 65, no. 12, 2002, pages 1875 - 1881, XP002979720 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007086446A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-02 | Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited | 心不全の予防又は治療のための医薬組成物 |
US7820666B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2010-10-26 | Concert Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Tetrahydrotriazolopyrazine derivatives and uses thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2575521A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
TW200608967A (en) | 2006-03-16 |
US7943584B2 (en) | 2011-05-17 |
CA2575521C (en) | 2010-06-29 |
EP1792620A1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
KR20070047289A (ko) | 2007-05-04 |
CN101027064A (zh) | 2007-08-29 |
EP1792620A4 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
BRPI0513806A (pt) | 2008-05-13 |
US20080039367A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4425318B2 (ja) | ベンジルフェニルグルコピラノシド誘導体 | |
CN102482290B (zh) | C-芳基葡萄糖苷衍生物、其制备方法及其在医药上的应用 | |
KR101730920B1 (ko) | Sglt2의 억제제로서 유용한 화합물의 제조 방법 | |
CN1097460C (zh) | 吲哚并吡咯并咔唑的细胞毒的氨基糖及相关的糖衍生物 | |
CN110402249A (zh) | 外核苷酸酶抑制剂及其使用方法 | |
JP2009203230A (ja) | ベンジルフェニルグルコピラノシド誘導体を含有する医薬組成物 | |
WO2006011588A1 (ja) | 糖尿病治療薬を含有する医薬組成物 | |
CN106892948B (zh) | 吡喃葡萄糖基衍生物及其在医药上的应用 | |
JP2021512066A (ja) | グルコピラノシル誘導体及びその使用 | |
US9890176B2 (en) | Mannose derivatives for treating bacterial infections | |
WO2015027963A1 (zh) | 芳环类衍生物、其药物组合物及其应用 | |
CN105461762A (zh) | 吡喃葡萄糖基衍生物及其在医药上的应用 | |
CN113383391A (zh) | 季铵盐作为三甲胺产生的抑制剂 | |
WO2017037682A1 (en) | Sulfonamide compounds as voltage-gated sodium channel modulators | |
IL169577A (en) | Oligosaccharide derivatives and pharmaceutical compostions containing the same | |
JP4079330B2 (ja) | オリゴ糖誘導体 | |
JP2006063074A (ja) | 糖尿病治療薬を含有する医薬組成物 | |
JP4160063B2 (ja) | オリゴ糖誘導体を含有する糖尿病の予防剤又は治療剤 | |
CN108203432B (zh) | 吡喃葡萄糖基衍生物及其在医药上的应用 | |
WO2006011561A1 (ja) | 複素環を有するオリゴ糖誘導体 | |
TWI510491B (zh) | C-芳基葡萄糖苷衍生物、其製備方法及其在醫藥上的應用 | |
TW201400495A (zh) | 具有螺環之c-醣苷衍生物 | |
CN109942583A (zh) | 芳基取代的氨基四氢吡喃类化合物及其用途 | |
JP2007197361A (ja) | 複素環を有するオリゴ糖誘導体を含有する医薬組成物 | |
JP2006063073A (ja) | 複素環を有するオリゴ糖誘導体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005767081 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11572752 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 1020077002003 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2575521 Country of ref document: CA |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200580032562.3 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005767081 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 11572752 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: PI0513806 Country of ref document: BR |