WO2006007814A1 - Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem leuchtkörper - Google Patents
Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem leuchtkörper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006007814A1 WO2006007814A1 PCT/DE2005/001198 DE2005001198W WO2006007814A1 WO 2006007814 A1 WO2006007814 A1 WO 2006007814A1 DE 2005001198 W DE2005001198 W DE 2005001198W WO 2006007814 A1 WO2006007814 A1 WO 2006007814A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- incandescent lamp
- coating
- lamp according
- tantalum
- power supply
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/02—Incandescent bodies
- H01K1/04—Incandescent bodies characterised by the material thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/40—Leading-in conductors
Definitions
- the invention is based on an incandescent lamp with a carbide-containing luminous element according to the preamble of claim 1.
- these are halogen incandescent lamps which have a luminous element made of TaC or whose luminous element contains TaC as constituent or coating.
- Tantalum carbide has a melting point about 500 K higher than tungsten.
- a marketing of tantalum carbide lamps so far mainly the brittleness of tantalum carbide and the rapid decarburization or decomposition of the filament at high temperatures in We ⁇ ge.
- FIG. 3 shows a bulb 1 pinched on one side with a bulb 2 made of hard glass, and a pinch seal 3, in which two foils 4 are embedded.
- the brittle subcarbide Ta 2 C is first formed. Upon further addition of carbon, the TaC phase then forms.
- the simplest way of bringing the luminous element to the temperatures required for carburization is to apply a suitable voltage to the luminous element.
- a temperature gradient arises from the ends of the luminous element to Pinching.
- sufficiently high temperatures can be set on the luminous element so that continuous carburization takes place.
- the temperatures are so low (usually below 700 0 C) 1 that no carburization takes place at all. In this area, temperatures required for complete carburization are difficult to set.
- Between the region directly at the pinch, in which there is still a wire of tantalum, and the completely effetkarbur striv filament is an area in de ⁇ nen the brittle subcarbide Ta 2 C is present.
- the luminous body preferably breaks in exactly this area.
- the task now is to protect or stabilize this area if possible so that the susceptibility to breakage in this area is reduced. This stabilization should at least enable safe transport of the lamp to the customer.
- the handling of the coils made of TaC is critical because of the still considerable bridging of the TaC, so that this process control is usually out of the question.
- an incandescent lamp with carbide-containing filament, in particular with halogen filling, according to the preamble of An ⁇ claim 1 provide that allows a long life and overcomes the problem of brittleness of the filament.
- an integral luminous element is used for this, in which the two power supply lines are a continuation of the coiled filament.
- the filament and the power supply are made of a single wire.
- Power supply is partially coated, with a certain distance of the coating to the filament makes sense. The distance is based on the temperature that is reached during operation at the point of the boundary between the coated and the uncoated part of the power supply.
- the first preferred embodiment is based on the idea that prior to carrying out the carburization of the TaC helix, those points at which the carburization of the tantalum can not be completed due to the low temperatures occurring there and, accordingly, mainly the brittle subcarbide Ta 2 C are present the carburization by a coating to protect.
- the coating is intended primarily to shield the tantalum in the corresponding regions against the carbon-containing atmosphere which is provided during the carburization via the pump head, so that no carburization takes place at these points.
- the protective layer must at least survive the carburizing process to ensure safe transport of the lamps to the customer. Thereafter, depending on the specific application, the protective layer is no longer required; A - even partial - degradation of the protective layer by Diffu ⁇ sion or chemical processes may then be tolerated. It is usually not desired.
- the material of the protective layer may at the temperatures which would arise without the protective layer, the brittle subcarbide, do not melt or evaporate, that is, the melting point should be preferably above about 2000 0 C 1 better still significantly higher.
- the coating at the outlets is placed as close to the luminous body as possible so that the transitional area between the uncoated and the coated locations at the outlet is already at such a high level Temperature is that at the area of the power supply, which follows immediately after the end of the coating, a voll ⁇ permanent carburization of the tantalum to tantalum carbide can take place.
- the coating - at least in the areas near the transition to the uncoated area - must be so thin that here by the coating no increased heat dissipation is caused.
- Typical layer thicknesses are 1 to 50 ⁇ m. The respective value depends on the coating material used and the thickness of the wire to be coated. In "colder" areas near the outlet, the coating can also be thicker in order to additionally achieve a mechanical stabilization, ie the layer thickness can follow a gradient, the layer thickness increasing steadily or suddenly in the direction of the pinch edge.
- the outlets are surrounded by a relatively thick layer of a material in order to stabilize the Ab ⁇ courses mechanically, on the other hand, the points with the brittle transition phase Ta 2 C to places so close to the luminous body that an increase of the impact strength occurs due to "shortening of the lever arm" under impact load
- Typical layer thicknesses are in the range of 50 to 200 ⁇ m
- the relatively thick protective coating takes over Stratification has a similar function to the coating reversal described in DE-Az 10 2004 014 211.4 (not yet published)
- the metals tungsten, molybdenum, hafnium, niobium or zirconium or their carbides are suitable, and the use of the carbides of non-metals is also possible possible possible possible possible possible possible possible.
- a protective layer according to the first embodiment is combined with the use of a coating coil as described in DE-Az 10 2004 014 211.4; this results in further advantages such as increasing the breaking strength.
- the coating prevents or delays the carburization at the outlets; the coating spiral ensures further stabilization. It is important that the coating is extended beyond the end of the coating spiral out in the direction of the filament, since at the end of the coating filament often so low temperatures occur at which the carburization can not be completed.
- the invention described here relates in particular to lamps with reduced piston volume, the distance of the luminous body, in particular the luminous portions, from the inner wall of the piston being at most 18 mm.
- the piston diameter is at most 35 mm, in particular in the range between 5 mm and 25 mm, preferably in the range between 8 mm and 15 mm.
- pistons of such small dimensions in particular of such a small diameter, the risk of precipitation of solids on the piston wall must be counteracted at all costs.
- the bulb blackening can be significantly reduced or avoided by means of a double cyclic process, as described in the still unpublished DE-Az 103 56 651.1.
- the power supply is protected in that it is at least partially coated with a coating.
- it is an axially or transversely to the axis arranged luminous body in a one-sided or two-sided sealed, in particular crimped piston.
- the luminous element is preferably a single-coiled wire whose ends, which serve as a power supply, are uncoiled. Typical diameters of the wire for the luminous element are 50 to 300 ⁇ m. Typically, the filament is formed from 5 to 20 turns. A preferred gradient factor in order to achieve the highest possible stability of the luminous element is 1, 4 to 2.8.
- the coating extends to the region of the power supply, which enters from the piston interior into the piston material, normally the piston is closed by one or two bruises. This area is called the pinch edge.
- the breaking sensitivity is particularly high, especially in the area of the squish edge, since a high bending moment occurs here.
- the coating extends over at least 10%, preferably over at least 50% and particularly preferably over at least 80%, of the length of the power supply in the interior of the piston. It is important for the coating according to the first embodiment with a relatively thin layer that the coating is pulled up to places so close to the luminous body that the temperature at the unprotected sites is already so great that complete carburization takes place here and the occurrence of the brittle subcarbide Ta 2 C is avoided.
- a coating according to the second embodiment serves as a support; It should be pulled up as far as possible to reach the greatest possible stabilization.
- the piston can be specially adapted for this purpose, for example elliptically or cylindrically shaped, as known per se.
- a particular advantage lies in the use of halogen fillings, since with suitable dimensioning not only a circular process for the material of the luminous body, but also for the material of the coating can be set in motion.
- An example is a Re-Br cycle process using Re as the coating material and Br as the active halogen.
- Such fillings are known per se. In particular, this is a filling for a double cycle process, as described in the still unpublished DE-A 103 56 651.1.
- the construction according to the invention is significantly simpler than previous constructions because, especially for NV applications up to a maximum of 80 V 1, no quartz beam is required and because most can be dispensed with on a wrapping helix and because, moreover, there are no problematic contacts between one already through-carburized, consisting of TaC luminous body and the power supply lines (welding or clamping or crimping) are required.
- one already through-carburized, consisting of TaC luminous body and the power supply lines welding or clamping or crimping
- the material of the luminous element is TaC.
- carbides of Hf, Nb or Zr are suitable.
- the present invention is particularly suitable for low-voltage lamps with a voltage of at most 50 V, because the necessary light body can be made relatively solid and for the wires preferably a diameter between 50 microns and 300 microns, especially at most 150 microns for general lighting purposes with maximum Power of 100 W, exhibit. Thick wires up to 300 ⁇ m are used in particular for photo-optical applications up to a power of 1000 W.
- the invention is particularly preferably used for lamps squeezed on one side, since here the luminous element can be kept relatively short, which also reduces the susceptibility to breakage. But the use for double-sided squeezed lamps and mains voltage lamps is conceivable. Brief description of the drawings
- FIG. 1 shows an incandescent lamp with carbide filament according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows an incandescent lamp with a carbide luminous element according to a second exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows an incandescent lamp with carbide filament according to the prior
- FIG. 1 shows an incandescent lamp 1 with a bulb of quartz glass 2, a pinch seal 3, and internal power supply lines 6, which connect foils 4 in the pinch seal 3 to a luminous element 7.
- the luminous element is a simply wound, axially arranged wire made of TaC, whose uncoiled ends 14 are continued transversely to the lamp axis.
- the outer leads 5 are attached to the outside of the foils 4.
- the inner diameter of the piston is 5 mm.
- the coil ends 14 are then bent parallel to the lamp axis and there form the inner power supply lines 6 as an integral extension.
- the Stromzu ⁇ guides 6 are at least over the part of their entire length, which is not hotter than 2000 0 C in operation, provided with a coating 8. This consists of a material as shown below.
- the metals rhenium (melting point: 3453 K), ruthenium (melting point: 2583 K), osmium (melting point: 3318 K), and iridium (melting point: 2683 K) do not form carbides or only to a small extent carbides. In them, carbon is soluble only to a relatively small extent. They are largely impermeable to carbon, cf. z.
- the patent US 1854970 One possibility is therefore, those areas of the first consisting of tantalum luminous body, which only heated to temperatures below about 2500 K. be surrounded with a protective layer of these metals.
- the thickness of the protective layer must be selected to be sufficiently large in order to survive at least the carburizing process.
- Typical are layer thicknesses between 1 .mu.m and 50 .mu.m; depending on the design of the carburizing process.
- the order of the metals can be carried out, for example, electrolysis, CVD deposition or sputtering processes.
- the material of the protective layer can also consist of high-melting compounds which must not react with the tantalum of the outlets of the luminous body, nor with the carbon-containing atmosphere of the lamp, or must not diffuse into the tantalum.
- HfB 2 , ZrB 2 , NbB 2 and TiB 2 are stable to carbides at least up to 2800 K in a reaction with carbon-containing compounds from the gas phase. Furthermore, the compounds HfB 2 , ZrB 2 and NbB 2 are stable over the entire temperature range of interest here to a reaction with tantalum, whereas TiB 2 reacts with tantalum to form TaB 2 (the resulting titanium has too low a melting point anyway).
- HfB 2 , ZrB 2 and NbB 2 are possible materials for the required protective layers since they react neither with the tantalum substrate nor with the carbon-containing atmosphere of the lamp.
- relatively small layer thicknesses can be used, which are preferably in the range between 0.5 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m.
- the use of tantalum boride may be useful in some cases, since the tantalum boride does not react with the carbon in the gas phase and the boron must first diffuse into the interior of the wire, which further diffuses the Carbon is delayed sufficiently long.
- the nitrides HfN, ZrN, NbN, TiN, VN and TaN are stable against reaction with methane-derived carbon to carbides only up to temperatures of about 1000K or below.
- ZrN reacts up to relatively high temperatures (about 1500 K) not with the carbon in the lamp atmosphere, also HfN (up to 1100 K resistant) is relatively stable.
- ZrN and HfN do not react with tantalum at TaN in the temperature range in question, ie zirconium nitride and hafnium nitride are more stable than tantalum nitride.
- NbN and VN can react with the tantalum to TaN; TiN decomposes at temperatures that are too low around 2000 K.
- the two materials HfN and ZrN are conditionally suitable as material for protective coatings.
- a certain reaction time is required, which - depending on the procedure in the carburization and thickness of the applied layers - may be sufficient to the underlying area of the Tantalum wire to protect against carburization.
- a coating of the tantalum wire in the range in question with TaN may be sufficient in individual cases in order to slow down a carburization of the region in question such that it plays no role in practice during the carburization of the luminous element.
- the tantalum wire can first be coated with ZrN or HfN, both of which do not react with tantalum in the range of the temperatures in question.
- the first layer applied to the tantalum may then be further coated with e.g. Rhenium, osmium, etc. are coated, which we ⁇ with the ZrN or HfN still react with the carbon from the Lampenatmo ⁇ sphere.
- Rhenium, osmium, etc. are coated, which we ⁇ with the ZrN or HfN still react with the carbon from the Lampenatmo ⁇ sphere.
- boron carbide in the decay of which preferably the more stable tantalum (di) boride is formed and not the tantalum carbide. The time required for the decay of the boron carbide, the reaction with the tantalum and the diffusion of the boron atoms into the interior of the tantalum delay the carburization.
- a special case of the examples described above is the passivation of the Ab ⁇ courses - which consist of carburizing tantalum - by boronation or nitridation, which in the subsequent Karburierrind the carburization in the critical temperature range is delayed or prevented for a sufficiently long time.
- no protective layer is applied to the Ab ⁇ courses, but the surface "passivated” by chemical reaction of the tantalum with boron or nitrogen or the speed of Kar ⁇ burung sufficiently low.
- the outlets of the luminous element in this case are coated with a layer whose thickness is preferably in the range between one-tenth and one-half the diameter of the tantalum wire to be coated.
- a layer whose thickness is preferably in the range between one-tenth and one-half the diameter of the tantalum wire to be coated.
- tungsten, molybdenum, hafnium, zirconium or other carbide-forming materials may additionally be considered as coating materials.
- the protective layer consists of tantalum, or tantalum wires of larger diameter are used from the outset in the area of the outlets than in the region of the luminous element.
- the described procedures can also be applied to lamps with cards of metals other than filaments, such as hafnium carbide or zirconium carbide or niobium carbide.
- FIG. 2 shows a bulb 20 squeezed on both sides, also known as a soffit, with a quartz glass bulb 21, two pinch seals 24 and 25, supply leads 27, which are connected to a luminous element 26.
- the inner diameter of the piston is 15 mm.
- the luminous element 26 is simply coiled and consists of TaC.
- the current leads 27 are partially encased in a coating 30 of hafnium chloride and terminate in base parts 28, as known per se, which sit on the pinch 24, 25.
- the coating or a part thereof which does not comprise the peak temperature attained at the coating can still be surrounded by an envelope made of helical wire or a solid sleeve, for example made of molybdenum, as in principle in DE-Az 10 2004 014 211.4 (not yet published).
- the lamp preferably uses a luminous body made of tantalum carbide, which preferably consists of a single-coiled wire.
- the piston is made of quartz glass or hard glass with a piston diameter between 5 mm and 35 mm, preferably between 8 mm and 15 mm.
- the filling is mainly inert gas, in particular noble gas such as Ar, Kr or Xe, possibly with the addition of small amounts (up to 15 mol%) of nitrogen.
- Added to this is a hydrocarbon, hydrogen and a halogen additive.
- the filament material which is preferably a coiled wire, zirconium carbide, hafnium carbide, or an alloy of various carbides, e.g. in US-A 3,405,328.
- a luminous body made of a carrier material such as e.g. a rhenium wire as the core or a carbon fiber, said core is coated with tantalum carbide or another metal carbide, see the still unpublished application DE-Az 103 56 651.1.
- Tantalum carbide is then deposited on this carbon layer.
- Tantalum carbide may be deposited in a CVD process tantalum, which is then carburized either by the enclosed carbon and / or from the outside containing by heating in an example CH 4 atmo- sphere.
- the hydrogen content is at least the carbon content, preferably two to eight times the carbon content.
- the halo content is at most half, in particular one fifth to one twentieth, in particular up to one tenth, of the carbon fraction.
- the halogen content should at most equal to the hydrogen content, preferably at most half of the hydrogen content.
- a guideline for the halogen content is 500 to 5000 ppm. All these data refer to a cold filling pressure of 1 bar. In the case of changes in pressure, the individual concentration data are to be converted so that the absolute amounts of substance are retained; e.g. Halve all concentration data in ppm at a pressure doubling.
- the color temperature is 3800 K. It uses a TaC wire (obtained from carburized tantalum) with a diameter of 125 ⁇ m. He is simply coiled and shows a much better fracture behavior than lamps with uncoated outlets. The fracture tests were carried out with a beater.
- an otherwise identical lamp which however uses the usual rigid electrode holders made of molybdenum or tungsten, is considerably more susceptible to breakage, because when solid Mo holders are used, the locations of the luminous body are close to the connection point between the Mo electrode and the tantalum first
- the filaments are at such low temperature that the carburization can not be completed, ie that the brittle subcarbide dominates there.
- the current feeds to the luminous element fastened to the Mo or W holder will be coated with a layer which prevents carburization of the luminous element in the manner described above, so that no subcarbide can be produced at this position See Figure 4. Only in the transition region between the coated and uncoated parts does subcarbide occur to a lesser extent. However, the entire design is quite expensive.
- the electrodes ie massive current leads of mostly molybdenum or tungsten, slowly emit carbon from the lamp during lamp operation Thus, the cyclic process in the lamp is disturbed and the return of carbon to the luminous body is no longer possible
- the electrodes can be provided with a layer of the abovementioned metals
- the coatings of the electrodes with hafnium boride, zirconium boride and niobium boride for example, since molybdenum boride is more stable than molybdenum carbide, the electrodes can be passivated by external boronation consists in the coating of Mo or W electrodes with nitrides such as hafnium nitride, zirconium nitride, niobium nitrid
- Coated luminaires are suitable for transporting the lamp under normal conditions.
- the filament is so fragile that special measures would have to be taken for the transport of the lamp.
- the warping of the filament is reduced the shorter the filament outlets are selected.
- the cause of the discarding is the volume increase during carburization. This increase is noticeable in particular by an increase in length. It has been found that the disturbing discarding does not lead to a tilting within the turns of the filament, but that the luminous body as a whole tilts laterally out of the axial position.
- the avoidance of distortion is an unconditional prerequisite for the use of interference filters on the coin in the sense of an IRC coating, as is known per se, see EP 765 528.
- the outer diameter of the additional use of a sleeve corresponds to a maximum of twice the diameter of the wire of the lamp. The thinner the sleeve, the lower its weight. In this sense, it goes without saying that the coating is applied as closely as possible directly on the power supply. However, a spacing as well as additional introduction of mass by means of a support aid in the form of an additional wire, which is still inserted into the coating, as in US Pat. No. 3,355,619, is not expressly excluded. On the one hand, this additional wire can act as an additional support aid.
- additives or the complete filling gas additive for the Gregas Vietnamese mixes can be introduced in solid form in the lamp at the Wendelabêtn, eg coated carbon fiber or plastic fiber of halogenated hydrocarbon compounds.
- a very specific filling consists of the following components: 1 bar (cold filling pressure) Kr + 1% C 2 H 4 + 1% H 2 + 0.05% CH 2 Br 2 .
- the Konzent ⁇ rationsan system are mol%.
- the power supply lines and the luminous body are integrally made of one part, this does not exclude that the material of the power supply lines An ⁇ parts of the metal or the metal carbide in the luminous body may have a different stoichiometry. This case occurs in particular when a coating material such as rhenium diffuses into a wire of other metal such as tantalum.
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- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002573622A CA2573622A1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-06 | Incandescent lamp having a carbide-containing luminous body |
DE502005008792T DE502005008792D1 (de) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-06 | Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem leuchtkörper |
JP2007521780A JP4571976B2 (ja) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-06 | 炭化物含有発光体を有する白熱ランプ |
EP05763639A EP1769526B1 (de) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-06 | Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem leuchtkörper |
US11/631,173 US20080012488A1 (en) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-06 | Light Bulb Containing an Illumination Body That Contains Carbide |
AT05763639T ATE453925T1 (de) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-06 | Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem leuchtkörper |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004034786.7 | 2004-07-19 | ||
DE102004034786A DE102004034786A1 (de) | 2004-07-19 | 2004-07-19 | Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem Leuchtkörper |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006007814A1 true WO2006007814A1 (de) | 2006-01-26 |
Family
ID=34972945
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2005/001198 WO2006007814A1 (de) | 2004-07-19 | 2005-07-06 | Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem leuchtkörper |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080012488A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1769526B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4571976B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN100583387C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE453925T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2573622A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102004034786A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006007814A1 (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013007960A1 (fr) | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | Laboratoires Urgo | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour la prevention et le traitement des cicatrices pathologiques |
WO2017085397A1 (fr) | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-26 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour activer l'angiogenese |
WO2018114715A1 (fr) | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-28 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour activer l'epidermisation |
WO2018210969A1 (fr) | 2017-05-17 | 2018-11-22 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour traiter les plaies des patients diabetiques arteriopatiques |
WO2022043636A1 (fr) | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour augmenter l'oxygenation de la peau lors du traitement de l'ischemie ou des plaies ischemiques |
FR3117012A1 (fr) | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-10 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation topique de la metformine pour diminuer l’inflammation dans la peau |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6487621B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-22 | 2019-03-20 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | 赤外光源 |
Citations (6)
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US1925857A (en) * | 1930-01-22 | 1933-09-05 | Gen Electric | Electric incandescent lamp |
GB898115A (en) * | 1960-01-29 | 1962-06-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Improvements in and relating to incandescent electric lamps |
GB1144374A (en) * | 1965-10-27 | 1969-03-05 | Philips Electronic Associated | Improvements relating to electric incandescent lamps |
US3524693A (en) * | 1967-08-17 | 1970-08-18 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Method for assembling a carbide filament incandescent lamp |
US5021711A (en) * | 1990-10-29 | 1991-06-04 | Gte Products Corporation | Quartz lamp envelope with molybdenum foil having oxidation-resistant surface formed by ion implantation |
US5698946A (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1997-12-16 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Electric lamp having a protective skin on end portions of the current conductors |
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US3405328A (en) * | 1966-03-02 | 1968-10-08 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Incandescent lamp with a refractory metal carbide filament |
JPS5281975A (en) * | 1975-12-29 | 1977-07-08 | Iwasaki Electric Co Ltd | High-melting point carbide filament |
DE3610922A1 (de) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-10-01 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Halogengluehlampe |
JPH01175162A (ja) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-11 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | ランプのフイラメント |
JPH07296783A (ja) * | 1994-04-27 | 1995-11-10 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | 車両用ハロゲン電球およびこれを用いた前照灯 |
DE4420607A1 (de) * | 1994-06-13 | 1995-12-14 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Elektrische Glühlampe und Leuchtkörper für Glühlampen |
JPH08185831A (ja) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-07-16 | Matsushita Electron Corp | 管 球 |
JP2003508875A (ja) * | 1999-08-22 | 2003-03-04 | アイピーツーエイチ アーゲー | 光源および光源を製造する方法 |
DE10218412A1 (de) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-11-06 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Einschmelzfolie und zugehörige Lampe mit dieser Folie |
DE102004014211A1 (de) * | 2004-03-23 | 2005-10-13 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Glühlampe mit carbidhaltigem Leuchtkörper |
-
2004
- 2004-07-19 DE DE102004034786A patent/DE102004034786A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-07-06 AT AT05763639T patent/ATE453925T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-07-06 JP JP2007521780A patent/JP4571976B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-06 EP EP05763639A patent/EP1769526B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-07-06 CN CN200580024485A patent/CN100583387C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-06 WO PCT/DE2005/001198 patent/WO2006007814A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-07-06 CA CA002573622A patent/CA2573622A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-07-06 US US11/631,173 patent/US20080012488A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-07-06 DE DE502005008792T patent/DE502005008792D1/de active Active
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GB898115A (en) * | 1960-01-29 | 1962-06-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Improvements in and relating to incandescent electric lamps |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013007960A1 (fr) | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-17 | Laboratoires Urgo | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour la prevention et le traitement des cicatrices pathologiques |
WO2017085397A1 (fr) | 2015-11-17 | 2017-05-26 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour activer l'angiogenese |
WO2018114715A1 (fr) | 2016-12-19 | 2018-06-28 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour activer l'epidermisation |
WO2018210969A1 (fr) | 2017-05-17 | 2018-11-22 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour traiter les plaies des patients diabetiques arteriopatiques |
WO2022043636A1 (fr) | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour augmenter l'oxygenation de la peau lors du traitement de l'ischemie ou des plaies ischemiques |
FR3113583A1 (fr) | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-04 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation de composes oligosaccharidiques pour augmenter l’oxygenation de la peau lors du traitement des plaies ischemiques |
FR3117012A1 (fr) | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-10 | Urgo Recherche Innovation Et Developpement | Utilisation topique de la metformine pour diminuer l’inflammation dans la peau |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1769526A1 (de) | 2007-04-04 |
ATE453925T1 (de) | 2010-01-15 |
US20080012488A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
DE102004034786A1 (de) | 2006-03-16 |
EP1769526B1 (de) | 2009-12-30 |
CN100583387C (zh) | 2010-01-20 |
CA2573622A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
CN1989590A (zh) | 2007-06-27 |
DE502005008792D1 (de) | 2010-02-11 |
JP4571976B2 (ja) | 2010-10-27 |
JP2008507099A (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
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