WO2005116704A1 - 光分岐光導波路 - Google Patents
光分岐光導波路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005116704A1 WO2005116704A1 PCT/JP2005/009531 JP2005009531W WO2005116704A1 WO 2005116704 A1 WO2005116704 A1 WO 2005116704A1 JP 2005009531 W JP2005009531 W JP 2005009531W WO 2005116704 A1 WO2005116704 A1 WO 2005116704A1
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- optical waveguide
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- branching
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- waveguide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs
- G02B6/2813—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs based on multimode interference effect, i.e. self-imaging
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical branching optical waveguide and an optical device using the same.
- an optical branching circuit and an optical multiplexing circuit are indispensable as basic elements, and a Y-branched optical waveguide has been conventionally known.
- a Y-branch optical waveguide consists of a main waveguide 1, a tapered waveguide 2, and branch waveguides 3 and 4, which are connected between the tapered waveguide 2 and the branch waveguides 3 and 4.
- branch waveguides 3 and 4 There is a branch point 5 in.
- the branch point 5 in order to reduce light loss, the branch point 5 needs to be sharp, but a completely sharp structure is required due to factors such as patterning and etching accuracy.
- the optical central part (the central axis of the light propagation mode) having the highest light intensity is scattered at the branch point 5, and a large branch loss occurs.
- a tapered waveguide is connected to the main waveguide, a plurality of branch optical waveguides having inflection points are connected to branch points of the tapered waveguide, and emission waveguides are respectively connected to the branch optical waveguides.
- the inflection point of the branching optical waveguide and the connection point with the output waveguide are provided with an axial offset (offset), and the branching waveguide at the branching point of the tapered waveguide is provided. It has been proposed to provide a gap between them (see, for example, Patent Document 1, the scope of patent request).
- the intensity distribution (field distribution) of the propagating light is, as shown in Fig. 2, the central axis of the light intensity distribution (the central axis of the light propagation mode) h and the incident optical waveguide (core). If the geometric center axis a of Fig. 7 coincides with the center axis h of the light intensity distribution and the shape is symmetric with respect to the center axis h of the light, A branched optical waveguide can be obtained.
- the central axis of the light intensity distribution (the central axis of the light propagation mode) h is In the case where the geometric central axis a of the optical waveguide does not coincide with the geometric central axis a of the optical waveguide, as shown in FIG.
- the shape indicating the light intensity distribution may be asymmetric with respect to the central axis h of the light intensity distribution. In such a case, even if the above-described axis offset (offset) structure is provided, the branching ratio cannot be equally divided in the optical branching optical waveguide! /, And! /, There was a problem.
- the light propagating in the incident optical waveguide has a light intensity distribution (field distribution) that is asymmetric with respect to the geometric center axis of the incident optical waveguide, a long or straight line is required to make it symmetrical. Since a portion is required, there is a problem that the module becomes large.
- MMI multi-mode interference
- the propagating light has an intensity distribution with two peaks.
- a branching ratio of 1: 1 (equally divided) (see Patent Document 2, paragraphs 0038 and 0039). Therefore, light can be branched in a short distance as compared with the tapered waveguide, and the optical center portion having the highest light intensity as described above is scattered at the branch point, resulting in a large branch loss. It does not happen.
- the light propagating through the incident waveguide is only the fundamental mode. It is symmetric with respect to the central axis, the central axes of the input waveguide and the multi-mode waveguide are coincident, and the shape of the multi-mode waveguide is symmetrical with respect to the central axis. That is, M
- the branching optical waveguide is used. There has been a problem that the light cannot be equally divided in the waveguide.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4 213407
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-2000-121857
- the present inventors displace the geometric center axis of the incident optical waveguide and the geometric center axis of the multimode optical waveguide, and change the Z or the core shape of the multimode optical waveguide.
- the intensity distribution (field distribution) of light propagating through the optical waveguide on the incident side is asymmetrical with respect to the geometrical central axis of the optical waveguide. Even if it does, it has been found that variations in branch loss and branch ratio are reduced.
- the wavelength dependence of the field distribution caused by shifting the geometric center axis of the incident optical waveguide and the geometric center axis of the multimode optical waveguide, and the core shape of the multimode optical waveguide are defined by the geometric center axis. It has been found that by matching the wavelength dependence of the field distribution generated by making the field distribution asymmetric with respect to the wavelength, it is possible to suppress the variation in the branch loss and the branch ratio independent of the wavelength, and to complete the present invention. Reached.
- At least one incident optical waveguide (A) is optically connected to one end of the multimode optical waveguide, and a larger number of output optical waveguides than the incident optical waveguide (A) are connected to the other end.
- B) is an optically branched optical branching optical waveguide, which is provided at a connection surface between the incident optical waveguide (A) and the multi-mode optical waveguide, and at least one optical waveguide of the incident optical waveguide (A).
- the intensity distribution of the light incident on the multimode optical waveguide is asymmetric with respect to the geometric center axis of the optical waveguide (a), and the geometric distribution of the optical waveguide (a) is An optical branching optical waveguide characterized in that the extension line of the central axis does not coincide with the geometrical central axis of the multimode optical waveguide;
- At least one input optical waveguide (A) is optically connected to one end of the multi-mode optical waveguide, and a larger number of output optical waveguides than the input optical waveguide (A) are connected to the other end.
- B) is an optically branched optical branching optical waveguide, which is provided at a connection surface between the incident optical waveguide (A) and the multi-mode optical waveguide, and at least one optical waveguide of the incident optical waveguide (A).
- the intensity distribution of the light incident on the multimode optical waveguide is asymmetric with respect to the geometrical central axis of the optical waveguide (a), and the core shape of the multimode optical waveguide is the shape of the matrix.
- the optical waveguide (a) The force also varies in the intensity distribution of light incident on the multimode optical waveguide.
- the optical central axis having the highest intensity substantially coincides with the geometrical central axis of the multimode optical waveguide, wherein the optical branching optical waveguide according to the above (1) or (3),
- the notch structure has a side force connected to the incident optical waveguide (A) of the core of the multimode optical waveguide, which is notched toward the side end of the core, and the shape of the notch is the incident light.
- the optical branching optical waveguide according to the above (5) which has a sinusoidal structure from the side connected to the waveguide (A) to the side connected to the outgoing optical waveguide (B),
- the incident optical waveguide (A) is one incident optical waveguide
- the outgoing optical waveguide (B) is two or more outgoing optical waveguides
- each optical waveguide in two or more outgoing optical waveguides is The light branching optical waveguide according to (1) or (2), wherein the light branching ratio is substantially equal.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional Y-branch optical waveguide.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a light intensity distribution (field distribution).
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a light intensity distribution (field distribution).
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a light intensity distribution (field distribution).
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of a multimode optical branching optical waveguide.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an optical branching optical waveguide of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a core shape of the multimode optical waveguide of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a core shape of the multimode optical waveguide of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a core shape of the multimode optical waveguide of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an optical branching optical waveguide of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing an optical branching optical waveguide according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing an optical branching optical waveguide of the present invention.
- At least one incident optical waveguide (A) is optically connected to one end of the multimode optical waveguide, and the incident optical waveguide (A) is connected to the other end.
- the basic configuration of the optical branching optical waveguide of the present invention is such that one incident optical waveguide (core) 7 is optically connected to one end of the multi-mode optical waveguide (core) 6, For example, two outgoing optical waveguides (core portions) 8 and 9 are optically connected to the ends.
- the branching ratio of the light to the two output optical waveguides (core portions) 8 and 9 is substantially equal.
- the optical waveguides (core portions) 7, 8, and 9 and the multi-mode optical waveguide (core portion) 6 may be connected without any gap as shown in FIG. 5 as long as they are optically connected.
- the present invention also includes a case where the optical fiber is directly optically connected to the multi-mode optical waveguide instead of the optical waveguides (core portions) 7, 8 and 9.
- the intensity distribution of light incident from the incident optical waveguide (core) 7 to the multi-mode optical waveguide (core) 6 is determined by the connection surface between the incident optical waveguide (core) 7 and the multi-mode optical waveguide (core) 6. At 10, it is asymmetric with respect to the geometric center axis of the incident optical waveguide.
- the geometrical central axis of the incident optical waveguide refers to the central axis of the core constituting the incident optical waveguide, and the distance from the central axis to the cladding on both sides is equal.
- FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the optical branching optical waveguide according to the first invention of the present application.
- the extension of the geometrical central axis a of the incident optical waveguide (core portion) 7 is a multimode optical waveguide. It does not coincide with the geometric center axis b of the wave path (core part) 6.
- the geometrical central axis of the multi-mode optical waveguide refers to the central axis of the core constituting the multi-mode optical waveguide, and the central axial force is equally spaced from the cladding on both sides.
- the distance between the extension of the geometric center axis a of the incident optical waveguide (core part) 7 and the geometric center axis b of the multi-mode optical waveguide (core part) 6 (offset) X is the incident light guide Wave path and
- the incident optical waveguide force at the connection surface of the multi-mode optical waveguide is also appropriately determined according to the asymmetry of the intensity distribution of the light incident on the multi-mode optical waveguide. Usually, it is preferably 1. It is preferably 0.7 m or less.
- the optical center axis (light) having the highest intensity in the intensity distribution of light incident from the incident optical waveguide (core) 7 to the multi-mode optical waveguide (core) 6 It is preferable to set the distance X of the axial offset (offset) so as to substantially coincide with the geometric center axis b of the multimode optical waveguide (core portion) 6. This is particularly effective when the intensity distribution of light propagating through the incident optical waveguide (core portion) 7 has a shape as shown in FIG.
- the axial distribution (offset) between the geometric center axis a of the incident optical waveguide and the geometric center axis b of the multimode optical waveguide causes the intensity distribution (field distribution) of the light propagating through the optical waveguide on the incident side.
- Is asymmetric with respect to the geometric center axis of the optical waveguide it is possible to reduce the branching loss and the variation of the branching ratio.
- the optical branching optical waveguide according to the second invention of the present application has the basic configuration shown in FIG. 5, and the core shape of the multi-mode optical waveguide (core) 6 is different from that of the multi-mode optical waveguide. It is characterized by being asymmetric with respect to the central axis b.
- the multi-mode optical waveguide usually has a symmetrical shape with respect to the geometric center axis b, and by controlling the length and width of the multi-mode optical waveguide, for example, the light to be propagated can be made substantially uniform.
- the light to be propagated can be made substantially uniform.
- the intensity distribution (field distribution) of light propagating through the optical waveguide on the incident side is asymmetric with respect to the geometric center axis of the optical waveguide on the incident side, multimode
- the light propagating in the optical waveguide does not have an intensity distribution having two equal peaks, and the splitting ratio of the light cannot be equalized in the branched optical waveguide.
- the second invention is characterized in that the core shape force of the multimode optical waveguide is asymmetric with respect to the geometric center axis of the multimode optical waveguide.
- the geometric center axis of the multi-mode optical waveguide refers to the same as the center axis of the core constituting the above-described multi-mode optical waveguide, and depends on the presence or absence of a notched structure described in detail later. It doesn't move.
- the core shape that is asymmetric with respect to the geometric center axis of the multimode optical waveguide.However, considering the ease of manufacture, etc., at least one of the core shapes of the multimode optical waveguide is considered. It is preferable to have a notch structure at the side end.
- the notch structure may be a structure in which the side end of the core is cut into some shape.
- the distance between the side end of the core and the geometric center axis of the multimode optical waveguide is
- the distance between the side end of the core of the multi-mode optical waveguide and the geometrical central axis b of the multi-mode optical waveguide is curved in the light traveling direction.
- the change in the distance between the side end of the core of the multi-mode optical waveguide and the geometric center b of the multi-mode optical waveguide may be made gentle near the exit of the multi-mode optical waveguide.
- the distance is increased in a sinusoidal manner from the entrance to the exit of the multi-mode optical waveguide, that is, the notch structure forms a sinusoidal structure from the entrance to the exit of the multi-mode optical waveguide. It is preferable to have one.
- the advantage is that loss of light intensity can be further suppressed and design can be easily performed by CAD or the like.
- the third invention of the present application is required.
- the extension of the geometric center axis of the incident optical waveguide that is clear does not coincide with the geometric center axis of the multimode optical waveguide, and the core shape of the multimode optical waveguide is the geometric center. More preferably it is asymmetric with respect to the axis. Due to the offset between the geometric center axis of the incident optical waveguide and the geometric center axis of the multimode optical waveguide, the branch loss and the variation in the branch ratio can be reduced as described above.
- the wavelength distribution of the intensity distribution (field distribution) of the light propagating through the optical waveguide occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to change the design of the optical waveguide depending on the wavelength of the light used.
- the branch loss and the dispersion of the branch ratio can be reduced, but at the same time, the wavelength dependence of the field distribution is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to change the design of the optical waveguide depending on the wavelength of the light to be used, as in the case where the offset is performed.
- the third invention of the present application relates to the wavelength dependence of the field distribution generated by the offset and the field distribution generated by making the core shape of the multimode optical waveguide asymmetric with respect to its geometric center axis.
- the optical waveguide is designed so that the offset and the asymmetricity of the core shape of the multi-mode optical waveguide, which cause the two wavelength dependencies, cancel each other's wavelength dependence.
- the output optical waveguide is described as having two so-called Y-branch optical waveguides.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to an optical waveguide having more output optical waveguides.
- the “Y branch” or “Y-branch” does not refer to a narrowly defined ⁇ -branch structure composed of three straight lines, but instead of one input to two outputs (or its output). It refers to a circuit element of an optical waveguide having a 1 ⁇ 2 branch structure that branches into the opposite direction.
- the case where the number of the incident optical waveguides is one has been described, but there may be a plurality of the incident optical waveguides. In this case, of the plurality of incident optical waveguides, In both cases, the above condition must be satisfied for one optical waveguide.
- the incident optical waveguide and the outgoing optical waveguide are single-mode optical waveguides in which one or both of V and a shift are provided.
- the input light intensity distribution is more stable than when a multi-mode optical waveguide is used.
- the effect of the present invention that proposes a branching structure corresponding to the input light intensity distribution can be obtained. It can be demonstrated accurately and stably.
- the incident optical waveguide and the Z or outgoing optical waveguide may be an optical fiber.
- the present invention is particularly effective when a plurality of branch structures are used successively, for example, when an I Xn branch splitter is configured with a 1 ⁇ 2 branch structure as a tree structure.
- the first-stage incident optical waveguide is often connected to the optical fiber, and the incident optical waveguide itself is the optical fiber.
- the optical fiber is sometimes connected obliquely because it has an advantage of reducing the return loss and has a great advantage. In such a case, the incident light intensity distribution becomes asymmetric, so that the present invention is particularly effective.
- the optical waveguide of the present invention is an optical multiplexed optical waveguide that is not limited to the optical branch optical waveguide. It can also be used as a wave path.
- the outgoing optical waveguide is used as an incident optical waveguide
- the incident optical waveguide is used as an outgoing optical waveguide
- the optical waveguide of the present invention has at least one optical waveguide at one end of the multimode optical waveguide.
- optical multiplexing in which the optical waveguide (A) used for emission is optically connected, and the other end is optically connected to a larger number of optical waveguides (B) used for incidence than the optical waveguide (A).
- the intensity distribution of the optical waveguide (a) is asymmetric with respect to the geometrical central axis of the optical waveguide (a), and the extension of the geometrical central axis of the optical waveguide (a) is Not coincident with the geometric central axis of the waveguide or of the multimode optical waveguide
- a shape is a light combining optical waveguide is asymmetric with respect to the geometric center axis of the multimode optical waveguide.
- polymers such as inorganic materials such as glass and semiconductor materials, and organic materials such as resins are preferred.
- Polymers such as resins are preferred because they can be dried in a short time by dry etching or the like.
- an air layer may be used as all or a part of the clad.
- Any of such polymers can be used, and specific examples thereof include polyimide resins (eg, polyimide resins, poly (imide'isoindoloquinazolinedionimide) resins, and polyetherimide resins.
- the resin may have a fluorine atom.
- Preferred as the polymer is a polyimide resin which has a high glass transition temperature (Tg) and is excellent in heat resistance, and among these, a polyimide resin containing fluorine having a transmittance and a refractive index characteristic is preferred. Especially preferred ⁇ .
- fluorine-containing polyimide resin examples include fluorine-containing polyimide resin, fluorine-containing poly (imide “isoindoloquinazolinedionimide”), fluorine-containing polyetherimide resin, and fluorine-containing polyamideimide. And the like.
- the precursor solution of the polyimide resin containing fluorine is mixed with tetracarboxylic dianhydride in a polar solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N dimethylacetamide, ⁇ -butyrolataton, and dimethyl sulfoxide. Obtained by reacting diamine.
- Fluorine may be contained in both tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine, or may be contained in only one of them.
- the precursor solution of the above-mentioned polyimide resin containing no fluorine is prepared in a polar solvent such as 2-methyl-2-piperidone, ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ dimethylacetamide, ⁇ -butyrate ratatone, dimethyl sulfoxide, or the like.
- a polar solvent such as 2-methyl-2-piperidone, ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ dimethylacetamide, ⁇ -butyrate ratatone, dimethyl sulfoxide, or the like.
- Fluorine-free tetracarboxylic dianhydride and fluorine-free diamine It is obtained by reacting an amine.
- Examples of the acid dianhydride containing fluorine include (trifluoromethyl) pyromellitic dianhydride, di (trifluoromethyl) pyromellitic dianhydride, and di (heptafluoropropyl) Pyromellitic dianhydride, pentafluoroethyl pyromellitic dianhydride, bis ⁇ 3,5-di (trifluoromethyl) phenoxy ⁇ pyromellitic dianhydride, 2,2 bis (3,4 dicarboxy) -Le) hexafluoropropane dianhydride, 5,5'-bis (trifluoromethyl) 3,3 ', 4,4'-tetracarboxybiphenyl-anhydride, 2, 2', 5 , 5 '—tetrakis (trifluoromethyl) 3,3', 4,4 '-tetracarboxybiphenyl-anhydride, 5,5'-bis (trifluoromethyl) 3,3'
- diamine containing fluorine examples include, for example, 4 (1H, 1H, 11H—eicosafluorenedecanoxy) 1,3 diaminobenzene, 4- (1H, 1H—perfluoro-1-butanoxy) 1,3 diaminobenzene, 4 — (1H, 1H—perfluoro-1-heptanoxy) —1,3 diaminobenzene, 4— (1H, 1H—perfluoro-1-otatanoxy) 1,3 —diaminobenzene, 4 pentaphlenolorphenoxy-1,3 diaminobenzene, 4— (2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenoxy) 1,3 diaminobenzene, 4- (4 fluorophenoxy) 1,3 diaminobenzene, 4— (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H—perfluoro-1 Hexanoxy) 1,3 diaminobenzene, 4— (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H—perfluoro-1-
- Two or more of the above tetracarboxylic dianhydrides and diamines may be used in combination.
- a solution having photosensitivity may be used as the precursor solution of the polyimide resin.
- the polyimide resin precursor solution is applied onto the substrate surface by a method such as spinner or printing, and is heat-treated at a final temperature of 200 to 400 ° C. to be cured to form a polyimide resin film.
- An optical device is configured using the optical waveguide described in any one of the above (1) to (10).
- Such optical devices include optical splitters, directional optical couplers, optical power blurs, optical multiplexers / demultiplexers, optical multiplexers / demultiplexers, optical transmission modules, optical reception modules, optical transmission / reception modules, optical switches, optical modulators. , An optical filter, an optical polarizer, an optical dispersion compensator, an optical add / drop module, an optical cross connect, and the like.
- An optical branching optical waveguide having a schematic structure shown in FIG. 10 was manufactured using the following materials.
- the incident optical waveguide (core portion) 7 has a curved portion with a power curvature radius r of 15 mm (not shown), and at the connection surface 10 between the incident optical waveguide and the multimode optical waveguide, The intensity distribution of the light incident on the multimode optical waveguide had an asymmetric shape with respect to the geometric center axis of the incident optical waveguide.
- Incident optical waveguide (core) Geometric central axis 7 of 7 and geometry of multimode optical waveguide
- the axis deviation (offset) x from the central axis b was set to 0.
- the branching ratio of the light emitted to the two outgoing optical waveguides (core portions) 8 and 9 was measured using light having a wavelength of 1.55 / zm. As a result, the light splitting ratio was 0.99: 1.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the geometric center axis a of the incident optical waveguide (core part) 7 and the geometric center axis b of the multi-mode optical waveguide are not offset! In this way, an optical branching optical waveguide was produced, and the branching ratio of the light emitted to the two outgoing optical waveguides (core portions) 8 and 9 was measured. As a result, the light splitting ratio was 0.98: 1 when the light wavelength was 1.31 m, and 0.90: 1 when the light wavelength was 1.55 m.
- an optical branching optical waveguide having a multi-mode optical waveguide having a cut-out structure as shown in FIG. 11 was manufactured.
- the width Wi of the input optical waveguide (core) 7 and the two output optical waveguides (core) 8 and 9 is 6.
- the width w of the multimode optical waveguide is m, the length L is m,
- the distance d of the outgoing optical waveguide at the exit of the path is 3.5 m.
- the geometric center axis a of the incident optical waveguide (core part) 7 and the geometric center axis b of the multimode optical waveguide were matched.
- the incident optical waveguide (core portion) 7 has a curved portion with a radius of curvature r of 15 mm, and is incident on the connecting surface 10 between the incident optical waveguide and the multimode optical waveguide.
- the intensity distribution of light incident on the multimode optical waveguide from the optical waveguide had an asymmetric shape with respect to the geometrical central axis a of the incident optical waveguide.
- the branching ratio of the light emitted to the two outgoing optical waveguides (core portions) 8 and 9 was measured. As a result, the light splitting ratio was 1: 1.
- an optical branching optical waveguide having a notch structure as shown in FIG. 12 and an off-axis (offset) structure in the core shape of the multimode optical waveguide was used. Produced.
- the width w of the input optical waveguide (core) 7 and the two output optical waveguides (core) 8 and 9 is 6.
- the width w of the multimode optical waveguide is 15 / ⁇ , the length L is 220 / ⁇ , and the multimode optical waveguide is
- the distance d of the output optical waveguide at the exit of the path is 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the axial offset (offset) X between the geometric center axis a of the incident optical waveguide (core portion) 7 and the geometric center axis b of the multi-mode optical waveguide was set to 0.9 m.
- the incident optical waveguide (core portion) 7 has a curved portion with a radius of curvature r of 15 mm, and is formed at the connection surface 10 between the incident optical waveguide and the multimode optical waveguide from the incident optical waveguide.
- the intensity distribution of light incident on the multi-mode optical waveguide had an asymmetric shape with respect to the geometrical central axis a of the incident optical waveguide.
- the branching ratio of the light emitted to the two outgoing optical waveguides (core portions) 8 and 9 was measured using light having a wavelength of 1.55 / zm. As a result, the light splitting ratio was 1: 1.
- An optical branching optical waveguide was produced in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the axial deviation (offset) X from the geometric center axis b was 0.5 m.
- the branching ratio of the light emitted to the two emission optical waveguides (core portions) 8 and 9 was measured.
- the light splitting ratio was 0.99: 1 at the wavelength of 1.31 / zm and 1.01: 1 at 1.55111.
- ⁇ and X also varies depending on the curvature of the incident optical waveguide, but similarly, ⁇ and X can be selected so that the branching ratio is substantially equal.
- the relationship between z and x depends on the wavelength of the light used. Even if two types of light having different wavelengths are used, z and X are selected such that the branching ratio is substantially equal. As shown in Example 4, it was possible to achieve a branching ratio of 1: 1 with two types of light having different wavelengths. That is, according to the optical branching optical waveguide having the structure shown in FIG.
- the light splitting ratio into 8 and 9 can be made substantially equal.
- the present invention it is possible to obtain a low-loss optical branching optical waveguide with little variation in branching loss and branching ratio.
- An optical branching optical waveguide with a small length dependence can be obtained.
- this optical branching optical waveguide as a splitter module, it is possible to obtain an optical device with small optical loss and a stable branching ratio of 1: 1.
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JP2006513902A JP4033231B2 (ja) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | 光分岐光導波路 |
US10/573,810 US7840108B2 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-25 | Light branching optical waveguide |
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TWM276207U (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2005-09-21 | Hung-Jr Lu | Array waveguide grating device |
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- 2005-05-25 JP JP2006513902A patent/JP4033231B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-25 WO PCT/JP2005/009531 patent/WO2005116704A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2000121857A (ja) * | 1998-08-10 | 2000-04-28 | Hitachi Ltd | Y分岐光導波路及び光集積回路 |
JP2004101995A (ja) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-04-02 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 光合分岐素子 |
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JP6430071B1 (ja) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-11-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 多モード干渉型合分波器、および、これを用いた光学素子 |
WO2018216249A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-11-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 多モード干渉型合分波器、および、これを用いた光学素子 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7840108B2 (en) | 2010-11-23 |
JP4033231B2 (ja) | 2008-01-16 |
JPWO2005116704A1 (ja) | 2008-04-03 |
US20070036486A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
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