WO2005100409A1 - Catalyst component for ethylene polymerisation, preparation process thereof, and catalyst containing the same - Google Patents

Catalyst component for ethylene polymerisation, preparation process thereof, and catalyst containing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005100409A1
WO2005100409A1 PCT/CN2005/000469 CN2005000469W WO2005100409A1 WO 2005100409 A1 WO2005100409 A1 WO 2005100409A1 CN 2005000469 W CN2005000469 W CN 2005000469W WO 2005100409 A1 WO2005100409 A1 WO 2005100409A1
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compound
organic
catalyst
polymerization
catalyst component
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wei Chen
Zifang Guo
Junling Zhou
Hongxu Yang
Ruixia Li
Ruiping Wang
Yuexiang Liu
Hongtao Wang
Jingmei Zhang
Xiaojing Cheng
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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Priority to JP2007507645A priority Critical patent/JP4917533B2/ja
Publication of WO2005100409A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005100409A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F10/02Ethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/65Pretreating the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/64 before the final contacting with the metal or compound covered by group C08F4/44
    • C08F4/652Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds
    • C08F4/654Pretreating with metals or metal-containing compounds with magnesium or compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F110/00Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F110/02Ethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2410/00Features related to the catalyst preparation, the catalyst use or to the deactivation of the catalyst
    • C08F2410/06Catalyst characterized by its size

Definitions

  • Catalyst component for polymerization with dry ethylene its preparation
  • the present invention relates to a catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, a method for preparing the catalyst component, a catalyst containing the catalyst component, and a method for ethylene polymerization using the catalyst.
  • the catalyst system containing T i / Mg composites dominates the industrialized production of polyethylene.
  • the core of its research lies in the polymerization activity of the catalyst, the particle morphology and particle size distribution of the catalyst, and the hydrogen sensitivity of the catalyst And copolymerization properties, etc.
  • ethylene especially the slurry polymerization of ethylene, it is easy to produce finer polymer particles. This fine powder is liable to generate static electricity during the post-treatment process, causing "dust,” and sometimes agglomeration. Causes equipment blockage.
  • the most effective way to control the particle size and particle size distribution of the polymer is to control the particle size and particle size distribution of the catalyst.
  • the first is to dissolve magnesium compounds such as magnesium chloride in some solvents to obtain a homogeneous solution, and then mix the solution with a titanium compound and optionally an electron donor to obtain magnesium, titanium and optional Electron solid matter, and the solid matter is treated with an excess of a liquid titanium compound to obtain particles of a main catalyst component.
  • the main catalyst component is contacted with a cocatalyst component to form a catalyst.
  • Chinese patent CN1099041A US5459116
  • CN1229092 US6617278B1
  • CN85100997 US4784983
  • the disadvantage of this traditional method is that the particle size and particle size distribution of the catalyst particles are completely controlled by the precipitation process, and its stability is difficult to control.
  • the second is to directly support the active component of the catalyst on an inert support such as silica. Since the particle diameter of the silica is easy to control and the particle morphology is good, catalyst particles with uniform particles can be obtained. However, due to the limited loading of the active components on the support, the catalyst prepared by this method has a low titanium content and a low polymerization activity.
  • the preparation method of the catalyst is as follows: MgCl 2 is reacted with TiCl 4 in THF, and then treated with alkyl aluminum SiO 2 was mixed, and THF was removed to prepare a main catalyst component.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst component for ethylene polymerization, which comprises A reaction product containing a magnesium complex supported on an inorganic oxide support, at least one titanium compound, at least one organic alcohol compound, and at least one organic aluminum;
  • the magnesium complex is formed by dissolving a magnesium oxide in a solvent system containing an organic epoxy compound and an organic phosphorus compound.
  • the organic alcohol compound is a linear, branched or cycloalkyl alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
  • the general formula of the organoaluminum compound is AIR 1 ⁇ , where R is independently hydrogen, hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X 1 is independently halogen, and n is a number of 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 3. ;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the catalyst component of the present invention, including (i) dissolving a magnesium halide in a solvent system containing an organic epoxy compound and an organic phosphorus compound to form a homogeneous solution; in the process of forming a solution Or the organic alcohol compound is added after the solution is formed; the organic aluminum compound is added after the solution is formed, and the organic alcohol compound and the organic aluminum compound may be added simultaneously or separately; and
  • an inorganic oxide support In the presence of an inorganic oxide support, the above solution is contacted with a titanium compound at a lower temperature.
  • the inorganic oxide support may be added before or after the solution is contacted with the titanium compound, and the mixture is slowly heated to 60 ° C-100 ° C, the solids are gradually precipitated on the support to obtain the catalyst component of the present invention.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene, including the product of the following reaction:
  • a further of the present invention is to provide an ethylene polymerization process, comprising at polymerization conditions ethylene and optionally a C 3 - 2.
  • the ⁇ -olefin or vinyl aromatic monomer is contacted with the catalyst of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a catalyst component for the polymerization of ethylene, comprising a reaction product of a rhenium complex supported on an inorganic oxide support, at least one titanium compound, at least one organic alcohol compound, and at least one organic aluminum;
  • the magnesium complex is obtained by dissolving magnesium hydride in a solvent system containing an organic epoxy compound and an organic phosphorus compound.
  • the organic alcohol compound is a linear, branched or cycloalkyl alcohol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
  • the general formula of the organoaluminum compound is AIR ⁇ , where R 1 is independently hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X 1 is independently halogen, and ⁇ is a number of 0 ⁇ ⁇ 3, so
  • polymerization includes homopolymerization and copolymerization.
  • polymer includes homopolymers, copolymers, and terpolymers.
  • catalyst component refers to a main catalyst component or a procatalyst, which together with a cocatalyst component forms a catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene.
  • Inorganic oxides commonly used as catalyst supports in the art are suitable as supports in the ethylene polymerization catalyst component of the present invention, but silicon, aluminum, titanium, chromium, and zirconium oxides or mixtures thereof are preferred, and most preferred Silica materials, trialumina materials, or mixtures thereof.
  • the shape of the silica support is spherical, and its average particle diameter is 1-50 ⁇ m, preferably 5-30 ⁇ m. Its surface area is usually> 200 m 2 / g, preferably> 250 m 2 / g.
  • the average porosity is preferably from 1.4 to 1.8 ml / g.
  • This carrier material should be dry, ie not If it contains adsorbed water, it is preferably activated at> 600 ° C before use, or optionally activated with an aluminum alkyl.
  • the magnesium compound according to the present invention is a compound formed by dissolving magnesium bis (bis) 2 in a solvent system containing an organic epoxy compound and an organic stele compound.
  • the complex should be a uniform and transparent solution.
  • the magnesium halide is selected from the group consisting of magnesium dihalide, water or alcohol of magnesium dihalide, one or two of the magnesium dihalide molecular formulas, and derivatives in which the 3 ⁇ 4 atom is replaced by a hydrocarbyl group or a 3 ⁇ 4alkoxy group.
  • Specific compounds include: magnesium dichloride, magnesium dibromide, phenoxymagnesium chloride, isopropoxymagnesium chloride, butoxymagnesium chloride, and the like, among which magnesium dichloride is preferred.
  • the magnesium halide compounds may be used alone or in combination.
  • the organic epoxy compound described in the solvent system is at least one selected from the group consisting of aliphatic olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, diolefins or 1 ⁇ 2 generation aliphatic olefins or diolefin oxides, glycidyl ethers and lactones. .
  • aliphatic olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
  • diolefins or 1 ⁇ 2 generation aliphatic olefins or diolefin oxides glycidyl ethers and lactones.
  • glycidyl ethers glycidyl ethers and lactones.
  • the organic phosphorus compound described in the solvent system is at least one of a hydrocarbon ester or a halogenated hydrocarbon ester of orthophosphoric acid or phosphorous acid.
  • a hydrocarbon ester or a halogenated hydrocarbon ester of orthophosphoric acid or phosphorous acid Specific examples: Trimethyl orthophosphate, triethyl orthophosphate, tributyl orthophosphate, triphenyl orthophosphate, trimethyl phosphite, triethyl phosphite, tributyl orthophosphate .
  • the amount of the organic epoxide compound is 0.2 to 10 mol, preferably 0.5 to 4 mol per mol of the magnesium halide, and the amount of the organic phosphorus compound is 0.1 to 10 mol, preferably 0.2 to 4 mol.
  • an inert diluent can be optionally added to the solvent system.
  • such inert diluents can be aromatic compounds or alkanes, as long as they help dissolve the magnesium halide.
  • aromatic hydrocarbon compounds include benzene, toluene, xylene, monochlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, monochlorotoluene and derivatives thereof;
  • alkanes include linear paraffins of 3 to 20 carbons, Branched or alkane, such as butane, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, etc.
  • the above inert diluents can be used alone, Can also be used in combination. If used, the amount of the inert dilute agent is not particularly important, but the amount may be 0.2-10 liters / mole of magnesium oxide.
  • Useful organic alcohol compounds include straight-chain, branched-chain or cycloalkyl alcohols having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as: methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, isobutanol, glycerol, Hexanol, 2-methylpentanol, 2-ethylbutanol, n-heptanol, 2-ethylhexanol, n-octanol, decanol, cyclohexanol, methylcyclohexanol; preferably ethanol, butanol , 2-ethylhexanol, glycerol.
  • the general formula of the organoaluminum compound is AlR n, where R 1 is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, especially an alkyl group, an aralkyl group or an aryl group; X 1 is independently a halogen , Especially chlorine and bromine; n is a number of 0 ⁇ r 3. Among them, ⁇ is preferably not equal to 3.
  • Specific compounds such as: trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, dihydrodiethylaluminum, dihydrodiisobutylaluminum, monochlorodiethylaluminum, monochlorodichloro Alkyl aluminum halides such as isobutylaluminum, sesquiethylaluminum chloride, and dichloroethylaluminum are preferred. Halides of alkylaluminum are preferred, and monochlorodiethylaluminum is the most preferred.
  • titanium tetrachloride titanium tetrabromide, tetrafluorene hafnium, tetrabutoxytitanium, tetraethoxytitanium, monochlorotriethoxytitanium, titanium trichloride, dichlorodiethoxytitanium, three One or a mixture of chloro-ethoxytitanium.
  • the titanium content is generally 1.0 to 0.8% by weight
  • the magnesium content is generally 5.0 to 20% by weight
  • the chlorine content is generally 20 to 70% by weight. Divided by weight.
  • the above catalyst component of the present invention can be prepared by the following method:
  • the amount of the organic alcohol compound is 0.1 to 10 moles, preferably 1 to 4 moles per mole of the magnesium halide; the amount of the organic aluminum compound is 0.05 to 5 Mole, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mole.
  • the titanium compound is used in an amount of 1 to 15 moles, preferably 2 to 10 moles.
  • the amount of the inorganic oxide carrier is 10 to 200 g, preferably 30 to 80 g.
  • the present invention also provides a process for homopolymerization of ethylene or ethylene and other C 3 - 2.
  • ⁇ - olefin or vinyl aromatic monomer copolymerization reaction catalyst wherein the C 3 - 2.
  • o-Olefins include propylene, butene-1, 4-methylpentene-1, hexene-1, octene-1, vinyl aromatic monomers include styrene, methylstyrene, etc .
  • the catalyst contains: ( 1) The reaction product of the catalyst component of the present invention with (2) at least one organoaluminum compound of the general formula A1R 3 JV milieu, where R 3 is independently hydrogen and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms , Especially alkyl, aralkyl, aryl; X 3 is independently halogen, especially chlorine and bromine; n is a number of 0 ⁇ r 3.
  • organoaluminum compounds such as: trisalyl aluminum, triethyl Aluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-n-butylaluminum, tri-n-hexylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, dihydrodiethylaluminum, monohydrodiisobutylaluminum, monochlorodiethylaluminum, monochlorodiiso Aluminium alkyl compounds such as butylaluminum, sesquiethylaluminum chloride, and dichloroethylaluminum, among which trialkylaluminum compounds are preferred, and triethylaluminum and triisobutylaluminum are preferred.
  • the molar ratio of aluminum to titanium in component (1) is 5-500, preferably 20 to 200.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for polymerizing ethylene, which includes The ethylene and optionally of C 3 - 2.
  • the ⁇ -olefin or vinyl aromatic monomer is contacted with the catalyst of the present invention.
  • slurry polymerization or gas phase polymerization can be used.
  • Liquid-phase polymerization media that can be used in the polymerization method of the present invention include: hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, naphtha, raffinate, hydrogenated gasoline, kerosene, benzene, toluene, xylene and other saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons or aromatic hydrocarbons And other inert solvents.
  • Pre-polymerization can be performed before polymerization.
  • the polymerization method can be batch, semi-continuous or continuous.
  • the polymerization temperature is 0 to 150 ° C, preferably 40 to 100 ° C.
  • the temperature was lowered to 30 ° (4.8 ml of a chlorodiethylaluminum hexane solution with a concentration of 2.2 M was added dropwise, and the reaction was maintained at 30 ° C for 1 hour.
  • Dry silica (2212 grade, From GRACE, dry at 600 ° C for 4 hours before use) 2. 5g, cool the system to -25 ° C, slowly drop 40ml of titanium tetrachloride, then slowly raise the temperature to 80 ° C, and react for 2 hours. Stop The mixture was stirred and left to stand, and the suspension was quickly separated into layers.
  • the upper layer was removed for clear night, washed twice with toluene, washed four times with hexane, and dried with high-purity nitrogen to obtain a solid catalyst component with good fluidity and narrow particle size distribution.
  • Ti content is 6.21%
  • Mg content is 10.38%
  • C1 content is 43.52%
  • ethoxy content is 4.7%
  • A1 content is 0.19%
  • Si content is 4. 85%
  • the phosphorus content is 4. 75%. (Both by weight)
  • Ethylene polymerization is the same as in Example 1, except that the hydrogen / aceton pressure ratio is 0. 18MPa / 0. 55MPa 0 Polymerization results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 2 Ethylene polymerization conditions are the same as in Example 1.
  • the polymerization results are shown in Table 1. From the polymerization data in Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that under the same polymerization conditions, the catalyst of the present invention can obtain a polyethylene resin with a higher melt index, and by adjusting the hydrogen partial pressure in the polymerization process, it can be easily Resins with different melt indexes were obtained, that is, the change of melt index with hydrogen partial pressure was very obvious.
  • an inorganic oxide support is introduced into the catalyst of the present invention, the particle size distribution of the obtained polymer is narrower than that of Comparative Example 2 (with phthalic anhydride as the precipitating agent). less.
  • Example 1 6.4 4.8 2.5 40020 0.31 0.34 3.7 17.4 54.1 13.9 5.0 3.5 1.6 0.7
  • Example 2 5.9 4.8 2.5 37 113 0.32 0.28 5.9 70.0 11.8 4.9 3.3 2.4 1.3 0.6
  • Example 3 5.9 4.4 2.5 42373 0.31 0.24 9.7 16.9 27.8 28.9 9.3 9.3 5.9 1.1 0.7
  • Example 4 5.9 3.8 2.5 41071 0.33 2.2 25.3 59.3 9.1 1.8 1.2 0.9 0.
  • Example 5 6.4 4.6 2.5 20 300 0.32 0.22 0.45 15.0 69.7 6.9 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.2
  • Example 10 0. 58/0. 15 6860 25. 05

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Description

用干乙烯聚合的催化剂组分、 其制备
方法、 包含该组分的催化剂 相关申请的交叉泰者
本申请要求 2004 年 4 月 12 日提交的中国专利申请 No. 2004100311280的优先权,通过引用将其整体结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于乙烯聚合的催化剂組分,该催化剂组分的制 备方法, 包含该催化剂组分的催化剂, 和使用所述催化剂的乙烯聚 合方法。
技术背景
众所周知,含 T i /Mg复合物的催化剂体系在聚乙烯的工业化生产 中占主导地位, 其研究核心不外乎在于催化剂的聚合活性、 催化剂 的颗粒形态和粒径分布、 催化剂的氢调敏感性和共聚性能等等。 而 在乙烯的淤浆聚合工艺中,除要求催化剂应具有较高的催化活性外, 控制所生产的乙烯聚合物的粒径大小和粒径分布是十分重要的。 在 乙烯聚合, 特别是乙烯的淤浆法聚合过程中, 很容易产生较细的聚 合物粒子, 这种细粉在后处理过程中易产生静电、 造成 "扬尘,, 现 象, 有时易结块, 造成设备管道的堵塞。 而控制聚合物的粒径大小 和粒径分布最有效的方法是控制催化剂的粒径和粒径分布。
在现有技术中,为了得到具有均勾颗粒直径和较好颗粒形态的催 化剂, 人们通常采用以下的两类方法来制备主催化剂组分。
第一种是将氯化镁等镁化合物溶解在某些溶剂中得到均匀溶液, 然后再将该溶液与钛化合物和任选地给电子体混合, 通过沉淀的方 法得到含镁、 钛和任选的给电子体的固体物, 并将该固体物用过量 的液态钛化合物进行处理后得到主催化剂组分颗粒。 所述主催化剂 组分与助催化剂组分接触形成催化剂。 例如中国专利 CN1099041A ( US5459116 )、 CN1229092( US6617278B1 )、 CN85100997( US4784983 ) 等中所公开的。 这种传统方法的缺点是催化剂颗粒的粒径和粒径分 布完全是通过沉淀过程来控制的, 其稳定性的控制比较困难, 而且 由于大量液态钛化合物的使用, 给回收系统和环保方面带来很大问 题, 催化剂成本较高。 有时催化剂的氢调敏感性和催化活性还不令 人满意。 同时, 所得聚合物的颗粒分布较宽, 粒径分布较难控制。
第二种是将催化剂活性组分直接负载于惰性载体,如二氧化硅等 之上。 由于二氧化硅的颗粒直径容易控制, 而且颗粒形态较好, 因 此可得到颗粒均勾的催化剂粒子。 但由于载体上活性组分的负载量 受到限制, 因此这种方法制得的催化剂中钛含量较低, 聚合活性不 高。 例如: 在专利 CN1268520 中, 以氯化镁、 二氧化硅为载体, 四 氯化钛为活性组分, 催化剂的制备方法如下: 将 MgCl2在 THF 中与 TiCl4反应, 再与经烷基铝处理过的 Si02混合, 除去 THF后制得主催 化剂组分。 在用于乙烯聚合时, 由于催化剂中的钛含量较低, 因此 聚合活性较低。 因此, 这种催化剂体系虽然可用于乙烯的气相流化 床聚合工艺, 但由于较低的催化活性, 在乙烯的淤浆聚合工艺中应 用是不利的。
同时,在乙烯的淤浆聚合工艺中, 除要求催化剂应具有较高的催 化活性和较好的颗粒分布外, 还要求催化剂应具有较好的氢调敏感 性, 即很容易通过聚合过程中氢分压来调节最终聚合物的熔融指数, 以得到不同商业牌号的聚乙烯树脂。 而上述的催化剂体系的氢调敏 感性还不令人满意。
因此, 非常需要提供一种适用于乙烯的淤浆聚合工艺,催化活性 高、 粒径分布窄, 并且具有较好的氢调敏感性的催化剂。 发明概述
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分,其包 含负载在无机氧化物载体上的镁复合物、 至少一种钛化合物, 至少 一种有机醇化合物和至少一种有机铝的反应产物;
其中所述的镁复合物是将 a化镁溶解在含有机环氧化合物和有 机磷化合物的溶剂体系中形成的,
所述的有机醇化合物是碳原子数为 1― 10的直链、支链或环烷基 的醇,
所述的有机铝化合物的通式为 AIR 1^,式中 R彼此独立地为氢, 碳原子数为 1 ~ 20的烃基, X1彼此独立地为卤素, n为 0 < n≤3的 数;
所述的钛化合物通式为 Ti (OR2) J2 b, 式中 R2独立地为 d ~ C14的脂 族烃基或芳族烃基, X2独立地为卤素, a是 0-4的整数, b是 1至 4 的整数, a+b=3或 4。
本发明的另一个目的是提供本发明催化剂组分的制备方法,包括 ( i )将卤化镁溶解于含有机环氧化合物和有机磷化合物的溶剂 体系中, 形成均匀溶液; 在形成溶液的过程中或溶液形成后加入有 机醇化合物; 在溶液形成后加入有机铝化合物, 有机醇化合物和有 机铝化合物可同时加入也可分别加入; 和
( i i )在无机氧化物载体存在下, 较低的温度下, 将上述溶液与 钛化合物进行接触反应, 无机氧化物载体可在溶液与钛化合物进行 接触之前或之后加入,并将混合物緩慢升温至 60°C― 100°C , 固体物 逐渐析出在载体上, 得到本发明的催化剂组分。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种用于乙烯聚合的催化剂,包括以 下物质反应的产物:
( a )本发明的固体催化剂组分;
( b )至少一种通式为 AlR3 nX3 3n的有机铝化合物, 式中 R3独立地 是氢、 碳原子数为 1 ~ 20的烃基, X3独立地为卤素, n为 0<ι 3的 数。 本发明的再一个 的是提供一种乙烯聚合方法,包括在聚合条件 下, 使乙烯和任选的 C32。 α -烯烃或乙烯基芳香单体与本发明的催化 剂接触。 发明详述
本发明提供了一种用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分,包含负载在无机 氧化物载体上的镆复合物、 至少一种钛化合物, 至少一种有机醇化 合物和至少一种有机铝的反应产物;
其中所述的镁复合物是将 ¾化镁溶解在含有机环氧化合物和有 机磷化合物的溶剂体系中得到的,
所述的有机醇化合物是碳原子数为 1 - 10的直链、支链或环烷基 的醇,
所述的有机铝化合物的通式为 AIR η, 式中 R1独立地为氢, 碳 原子数为 1 ~ 20的烃基, X1独立地为卤素, η为 0 < η≤3的数, 所述的钛化合物通式为 Ti (OR2) aX2 b, 式中 R2独立地为 ~ C14的脂 族烃基或芳族烃基, X2独立地为卤素, a是 0-4的整数, b是 1至 4 的整数, a+b=3或 4。
在本申请中, 术语 "聚合" 包括均聚和共聚。 在本申请中, 术语 "聚合物" 包括均聚物、 共聚物和三元共聚物。
在本申请中,术语 "催化剂组分"是指主催化剂组分或前催化剂 , 其与助催化剂组分一起形成用于乙烯聚合的催化剂。
本领域中通常用作催化剂载体的无机氧化物都适合用作本发明 的乙烯聚合催化剂组分中的载体, 但优选的是硅、 铝、 钛、 铬和锆 氧化物或它们的混合物, 最优选二氧化硅材料、 三氧化铝材料或它 们的混合物。 一般地, 二氧化硅载体的形态呈球形, 其平均粒径为 1 - 50 μ ιη,优选 5 - 30 μ ιη。其表面积通常 > 200m2/g,优选 > 250m2/g。 平均孔隙度优选为 1. 4 - 1. 8ml/g。 这种载体物质应是干燥的, 即不 含吸附水的, 优选在使用前将其在 > 600°C下进行活化, 或者或任选 地采用烷基铝进行活化处理。
本发明所述的镁复合物是将二1¾化镁溶解在含有机环氧化合物 和有机碑化合物的溶剂体系中形成的复合物。 通常这种复合物应是 一均勾透明的溶液。
其中所述的卤化镁选自二卤化镁、 二卤化镁的水或醇的 ^^物、 二卤化镁分子式中其中一个或两个! ¾原子被烃基或 1¾烃氧基所置换 的衍生物。 具体的化合物如: 二氯化镁、 二溴化镁、 氯化苯氧基镁、 氯化异丙氧基镁、 氯化丁氧基镁等, 其中优选二氯化镁。 所述卤化 镁化合物可以单独或混合使用。
溶剂体系中所述的有机环氧化合物选自碳原子数在 2 ~ 8的脂肪 族烯烃、 二烯烃或 1¾代脂肪族烯烃或二烯烃的氧化物、 缩水甘油醚 和内醚中的至少一种。 例如但不局限于: 环氧乙烷、 环氧丙烷、 环 氧丁烷、 丁二烯氧化物, 丁二烯双氧化物、 环氧氯丙烷、 甲基缩水 甘油醚、 二缩水甘油醚。
溶剂体系中所述的有机磷化合物为正磷酸或亚磷酸的烃基酯或 卤代烃基酯中的至少一种。 具体如: 正磷酸三甲酯、 正磷酸三乙酯、 正磷酸三丁酯、 正磷酸三苯酯、 亚磷酸三甲酯、 亚磷酸三乙酯、 亚 磷酸三丁酯或亚磷酸苯曱酯。 其中以每摩尔卤化镁计, 有机环氧化 合物用量为 0. 2-10mol,优选 0. 5 ~ 4 mo 1 ;有机磷化合物用量为 0. 1 ~ l Omol , 优选 0. 2 ~ 4mol。
为了使溶解更加充分, 在该溶剂体系中可任选地加入惰性稀# 剂。 通常这种惰性稀释剂可以是芳烃类化合物或烷烃类化合物, 只 要它们有助于卤化镁的溶解。 芳烃类化合物的实例包括苯、 甲苯、 二甲苯、 一氯代苯、 二氯代苯、 三氯代苯、 一氯甲苯及其衍生物; 烷烃的实例包括 3 ~ 20个碳的直链烷烃、 支链烷烃或环烷烃, 如丁 烷, 戊烷, 己烷, 环己烷, 庚烷等。 上述的惰性稀释剂可单独使用, 也可组合使用。 如果使用的话, 惰性稀#剂的量不是特别重要, 但 是该量可以是 0. 2-10升 /摩尔 ¾化镁。
有用的有机醇化合物包括碳原子数为 1 - 10的直链、支链或环烷 基的醇, 例如: 甲醇、 乙醇、 丙醇、 异丙醇、 丁醇、 异丁醇、 丙三 醇, 己醇, 2-甲基戊醇, 2-乙基丁醇, 正庚醇, 2-乙基己醇, 正辛 醇, 癸醇, 环己醇, 甲基环己醇; 优选乙醇、 丁醇、 2-乙基己醇、 丙三醇。
所述的有机铝化合物的通式为 AlR n,式中 R1独立地为氢或碳 原子数为 1 ~ 20的烃基, 特别是烷基、 芳烷基或芳基; X1独立地为 卤素, 特别是氯和溴; n为 0<r 3的数。 其中优选 η不等于 3。 具 体化合物如: 三甲基铝、 三乙基铝、 三异丁基铝、 三辛基铝、 一氢 二乙基铝、 一氢二异丁基铝、 一氯二乙基铝、 一氯二异丁基铝、 倍 半乙基氯化铝、 二氯乙基铝等烷基铝 ¾化物, 其中优选烷基铝的卤 化物, 优以一氯二乙基铝为最好。
所述的钛化合物通式为 Ti (OR2) aX2 b, 式中 R2独立地为 d ~ .C14的脂 族烃基或芳族烃基, X2独立地为卤素, a是 0-4的整数, b是 1至 4 的整数, a+b=3或 4。 优选四氯化钛、 四溴化钛、 四換化钬、 四丁氧 基钛、 四乙氧基钛、 一氯三乙氧基钛、 三氯化钛、 二氯二乙氧基钛、 三氯一乙氧基钛中的一种或其混合物。
在本发明上述的催化剂组分中, 钛含量一般为 1. 0-8. 0%重量, 镁含量一般为 5. 0-20%重量, 和氯含量一般为 20- 70%重量, 以催化 剂组分重量计。
本发明上述的催化剂組分可采用以下的方法制备:
( i )将卤化镁溶解于含有机环氧化合物和有机磷化合物的溶剂 体系中, 优选地在溶剂体系中加入惰性稀释剂, 形成均勾溶液, 溶 解温度: 50- 90°C ; 在形成溶液的过程中或溶液形成后加入有机醇化 合物; 在溶液形成后加入有机铝化合物, 有机醇化合物和有机铝化 合物可同时加入也可分别加入, 优选先加入有机醇化合物, 反应一 定的时间;
(ii)在无机氧化物载体存在下, 较低的温度下, 优选 -40°C - 20°C内, 将上述溶液与钛化合物进行接触反应, 无机氧化物载体可 在溶液与钛化合物进行接触之前或之后加入, 并将混合物緩慢升温 至 60°C - 100°C, 固体物逐渐析出在载体上, 反应一定的时间后, 除 去未反应物和溶剂, 并采用惰性稀释剂洗涤, 得到本发明的催化剂 组分。
在制备本发明所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分的方法中,以每 摩尔卤化镁计,有机醇化合物用量为 0.1 ~ 10摩尔,优选 1 ~ 4摩尔; 有机铝化合物用量为 0.05 ~ 5摩尔, 优选 0.1 ~ 0.5摩尔。 钛化合物 用量为 1~15摩尔, 优选 2~10摩尔。 无机氧化物载体用量为 10~ 200g, 优选为 30~80g。
本发明还提供了一种用于乙烯的均聚合反应或乙烯与其它 C3-2。 α-烯烃或乙烯基芳香单体的共聚合反应的催化剂, 其中的 C3-2。o - 烯烃包括丙烯、 丁烯 -1、 4-甲基戊烯 -1、 己烯- 1、 辛烯- 1, 乙烯基 芳香单体包括苯乙烯、 甲基苯乙烯等; 该催化剂包含: ( 1 )上述的 本发明的催化剂组分与 ( 2 )至少一种通式为 A1R3JV„的有机铝化合 物的反应产物, 式中 R3独立地为氢、 碳原子数为 1~20的烃基, 特 别是烷基、 芳烷基、 芳基; X3独立地为卤素, 特别是氯和溴; n 为 0<r 3的数。 具体的有机铝化合物如: 三曱基铝、 三乙基铝、 三异 丁基铝、 三正丁基铝、 三正己基铝、 三辛基铝、 一氢二乙基铝、 一 氢二异丁基铝、 一氯二乙基铝、 一氯二异丁基铝、 倍半乙基氯化铝、 二氯乙基铝等烷基铝 1¾化物, 其中优选三烷基铝化合物, 优以三乙 基铝、 三异丁基铝为好。 其中组份(2) 中铝与组分(1) 中钛的摩 尔比为 5 - 500, 优选 20~ 200。
本发明的再一个方面涉及一种乙烯聚合方法,'包括在聚合条件 下, 使乙烯和任选的 C32。 α -烯烃或乙烯基芳香单体与本发明的催化 剂接触。
聚合时可采用淤浆聚合, 也可以采用气相聚合。
可用于本发明聚合方法的液相聚合介质包括: 己烷、庚烷、 环己 烷、 石脑油、 抽余油、 加氢汽油、 煤油、 苯、 甲苯、 二甲苯等饱和 脂肪烃或芳香烃等惰性溶剂。 聚合前可以先进行预聚合, 聚合方式 可以采用间歇式、 半连续式或连续式。
聚合温度为 0 ~ 150°C, 以 40 ~ 100°C为好。
为了调节最终聚合物的分子量, 采用氢气作分子量调节剂。 具体实施方式
下面以实施例来说明本发明, 但并非限制发明范围。
实施例 1
( 1 )催化剂组分的制备: 在经过高纯氮气充分置换过的反应器 中, 依次加入 4. Og二氯化镁, 经分子筛处理过的甲苯 100ml、 环氧 氯丙烷 3. Oml、 磷酸三丁酯 2. 8 ml、 乙醇 6. 4ml , 搅拌下升温至 80 °C, 当固体完全溶解形成均一的溶液后 80°C条件下反应 0. 5小时。 降温至 30° (,滴加 4. 8ml浓度为 2. 2M的一氯二乙基铝己烷溶液,并 在 30°C维持反应 1小时。 加入经干燥处理的二氧化硅( 2212级, 得 自 GRACE公司,使用前在 600°C干燥 4小时) 2. 5g, 将该体系冷却至 -25 °C , 緩慢滴加 40ml四氯化钛, 然后緩慢升温至 80°C, 反应 2小 时。 停止搅拌, 静置, 悬浮液艮快分层, 抽除上层清夜, 甲苯洗涤 两遍、 己烷洗涤四遍, 高纯氮气吹干, 得到流动性好、 粒径分布窄 的固体催化剂组分。 其中 Ti含量为 6. 21%, Mg含量为 10. 38%, C1 含量为 43. 52%, 乙氧基含量为 4. 7%, A1含量为 0. 19%, Si含量为 4. 85%, 磷含量为 4. 75%。 (均为重量含量)
(2)乙烯聚合 容积为 2L的不锈钢反应釜, 经高純氮气充分置换后, 加入己烷 1L, 浓度 1M的三乙基铝己烷溶液 1. Oml, 加入上述制备的固体催化 剂组分(含 0. 25亳克钛), 升温至 75 °C, 通入氢气使釜内压力达到 0. 28MPa (表压), 再通入乙烯使釜内总压达到 0. 73MPa (表压), 在 80°C条件下聚合 2小时, 聚合结果见表 1 , 表 2。
实施例 2
( 1 )催化剂组分的合成同实施例 1。 只是乙醇用量由 6. ½1改 为 5· 9ml。
( 2 ) 乙烯聚合同实施例 1。 聚合结果见表 1。
实施例 3
(1)催化剂组分的合成同实施例 2。 只是一氯二乙基铝溶液用量 由 4. 8ml改为 4. 4ml。
(2)乙烯聚合同实施例 1。 聚合结果见表 1。
实施例 4
(1)催化剂组分的合成同实施例 2。 只是一氯二乙基铝溶液用量 改为 3. 8ml。
(2)乙烯聚合同实施例 1。 聚合结果见表 1。
实施例 5
(1) 催化剂组分的合成同实施例 1。 只是一氯二乙基铝溶液改 为浓度为 1. 0M的三乙基铝己烷溶液 4. 6ml。
(2) 乙烯聚合同实施例 1。 聚合结果见表 1。
实施例 6
(1)催化剂组分的合成同实施例 1。 只是乙醇用量改为 9. 8ml。
(2)乙烯聚合同实施例 1。 聚合结果见表 1。
实施例 7
(1)催化剂组分的合成同实施例 1。
(2) 乙烯聚合同实施例 1 , 只是氢气 /乙浠压力比为 0. 18MPa/0. 55MPa0 聚合结果见表 2。
实施例 8
(1)催化剂组分的合成同实施例 1。
(2) 乙烯聚合同 实施例 1 , 只是氢气 /乙烯压力比为 0. 38MPa/0. 35MPa。 聚合结果见表 2。
实施例 9
(1)催化剂组分的合成同实施例 1。
(2) 乙烯聚合同实施例 1, 只是氢气 /乙烯压力比为 0. 45MPa/0. 28MPaD 聚合结果见表 2。
实施例 10
(1)催化剂组分的合成同实施例 1。
(2) 乙烯聚合同实施例 1, 只是氢气 /乙烯压力比为 0. 58MPa/0. 15MPa0 聚合结果见表 2。
对比例 1
(1)催化剂组分的合成同实施例 1。 只是不加一氯二乙基铝。
(2)乙烯聚合同实施例 1。 聚合结果见表 1。
对比例 2
(1)催化剂组分的合成按 CN1229092实施例 1所述方法制备。 在经高纯氮气充分置换的反应器中, 依次加入 0. 042mol 无水 MgCl2 (约 4g)、 60ml甲苯、 0. 032mol环氧氯丙烷、 0. 022mol磷酸三 丁酯、 0. 017mol 乙醇, 搅拌下升温至 80°C , 并维持 15分钟固体完 全溶解, 形成均匀溶液, 然后加入邻苯二甲酸酐 0. 0074mol , 再维持 1小时, 将该溶液冷却至- 25 °C , 再将 0. 5mol四氯化钛(约 55ml)滴 入其内, 然后緩慢升温至 80°C, 反应 3小时, 过滤后分别用甲苯和 己烷洗涤 3次, 真空干燥, 得到固体催化剂。
(2)乙烯聚合条件同实施例 1, 聚合结果见表 1。 从表 1和表 2的聚合数据可以看出,在同样的聚合条件下,本发 明的催化剂可得到更高熔融指数的聚乙烯树脂, 而且通过调节聚合 过程中的氢分压, 可以很容易地得到不同熔融指数的树脂, 即熔融 指数随氢分压的变化非常明显。 而且由于在本发明的催化剂中引入 了无机氧化物载体, 因此所得聚合物的粒径分布要窄于对比例 2 (以 苯酐作为析出剂), 在所得的聚合物中过粗或过细的粒子均较少。
Figure imgf000013_0001
编号 C2H5OH Et^lCl Et3Al 二氧 活性 BD 5 ^布 (目)
Figure imgf000013_0002
ml ml ml g gPE/gcat g/cm3 <20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 100-14 140-20 〉20
0 0 实施例 1 6.4 4.8 2.5 40020 0.31 0.34 3.7 17.4 54.1 13.9 5.0 3.5 1.6 0.7 实施例 2 5.9 4.8 2.5 37113 0.32 0.28 5.9 70.0 11.8 4.9 3.3 2.4 1.3 0.6 实施例 3 5.9 4.4 2.5 42373 0.31 0.24 9.7 16.9 27.8 28.9 9.3 5.9 1.1 0.7 实施例 4 5.9 3.8 2.5 41071 0.33 2.2 25.3 59.3 9.1 1.8 1.2 0.9 0. 实施例 5 6.4 4.6 2.5 20300 0.32 0.22 0.45 15.0 69.7 6.9 2.4 2.2 2.2 1.2 实施例 ό 9.8 6.4 2.5 25800 0.33
对 1 6.4 2.5 34640 0.32 0.18
era
对 2 0 21100 0.31 0.19 12.3 22.5 25.2 16.9- 12.1 8.4 5.7 1.
"
表 2
编号 H2/C 2 活性 MI,16
MPa/MPa gPE/gcat g/10rain 实施例 1 0. 28/0. 45 40020 0. 34 实施例 7 0. 18/0. 55 51680 0. 05 实施例 8 0. 38/0. 35 23330 0. 85 实施例 9 0. 45/0. 28 15810 2. 69 实施例 10 0. 58/0. 15 6860 25. 05

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分, 包含负载在无机氧化物载体 上的镆复合物、 至少一种钛化合物, 至少一种有机醇化合物和至少一 种有机铝的反应产物;
其中所述的镁复合物是将卤化镁溶解在含有机环氧化合物和有机 磷化合物的溶剂体系中形成的,
所述的有机醇化合物是碳原子数为 1― 10的直链、支链或环坑基的 醇,
所述的有机铝化合物的通式为 AlR n, 式中 R1独立地为氢, 碳原 子数为 1 ~ 20的烃基, X1独立地为卤素, n为 0 < n≤3的数;
所述的钛化合物通式为 Ti (OR2) J2 b, 式中 R2独立地为 d ~ C14的脂族 烃基或芳族烃基, X2独立地为卤素, a是 0-4的整数, b是 1至 4的整 数, a+b=3或 4。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分, 其中在镆 复合物的制备中使用的有机环氧化合物选自碳原子数在 2 - 8的脂肪族 烯烃、 二烯烃或 ¾代脂肪族烯烃或二烯烃的氧化物、 缩水甘油醚中的 至少一种。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分, 其中在镆 复合物的制备中使用的有机磷化合物为正磷酸或亚磷酸的烃基酯或卤 代烃基酯。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于乙浠聚合的催化剂组分, 其中在镁 复合物的制备中, 以每摩尔卤化镁计,有机环氧化合物用量为 0. 2 ~ 1 Omo 1, 有机磷化合物用量为 0. 1 ~ 1 Omo 1。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分, 其中无机 氧化物载体是二氧化硅。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的用于乙烯聚合的催化剂组分, 其中钛含 量为 1.0~8.0%重量, 镁含量为 5.0~20%重量, 和氯含量为 20~70% 重量, 以催化剂组分重量计。
7. 制备权利要求 1-6中任意一项所述的催化剂组分的方法, 包括: ( i )将卤化镁溶解于含有机环氧化合物和有机磷化合物的溶剂体系 中, 形成均勾溶液; 在形成溶液的过程中或溶液形成后加入有机醇化 合物; 在溶液形成后加入有机铝化合物, 有机醇化合物和有机铝化合 物可同时加入也可分别加入;
(ii)在无机氧化物载体存在下, 较低的温度下, 将上述溶液与钛化 合物进行接触反应, 无机氧化物载体可在溶液与钛化合物进行接触之 前或之后加入, 并将混合物緩慢升温至 60°C-100°C, 固体物逐渐析出 在载体上, 得到所述的催化剂组分。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其中以每摩尔卤化镁计, 有机醇 化合物用量为 0.1~10摩尔, 有机铝化合物用量为 0.05~5摩尔, 钛 化合物用量为 1~15摩尔。
9. 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其中以每摩尔卤化镁计, 无机氧 化物载体用量为 10~ 200g。
10. 权利要求 7所述的方法, 其中溶剂体系中还包含惰性稀释剂。
11. 权利要求 7所述的方法, 其中在步骤(i) 中, 有机醇化合物 在有机铝化合物之前加入。
12. —种用于乙婦聚合的催化剂, 包括以下物质反应的产物:
( a )权利要求 1-6中任一项所述的固体催化剂组分;
(b)至少一种通式为 A1R3J3 3_„的有机铝化合物,式中 R3独立地为氢、 碳原子数为 1~ 20的烃基, X3独立地为卤素, n为 0<n<3的数。
13. 权利要求 12所述的催化剂, 其中有机铝化合物( b )为一种三 烷基铝化合物。
14. 权利要求 13所述的催化剂, 其中三烷基铝化合物选自三乙基 铝、 三异丁基铝、 三正丁基铝、 三正己基铝、 三辛基铝。
15. 一种乙烯聚合方法, 包括在聚合条件下, 使乙烯和任选的 C3-2。 α -烯烃或乙烯基芳香单体与权利要求 12-14任意一项所述的催化剂接 触。
16. 权利要求 15的乙晞聚合方法, 其中所述聚合是淤浆聚合。
PCT/CN2005/000469 2004-04-12 2005-04-08 Catalyst component for ethylene polymerisation, preparation process thereof, and catalyst containing the same Ceased WO2005100409A1 (en)

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