WO2005081343A1 - Membrane électrolytique en polymère solide et séparateur, tous deux pour pile à combustible - Google Patents

Membrane électrolytique en polymère solide et séparateur, tous deux pour pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005081343A1
WO2005081343A1 PCT/JP2005/001602 JP2005001602W WO2005081343A1 WO 2005081343 A1 WO2005081343 A1 WO 2005081343A1 JP 2005001602 W JP2005001602 W JP 2005001602W WO 2005081343 A1 WO2005081343 A1 WO 2005081343A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas diffusion
polymer electrolyte
electrolyte membrane
solid polymer
diffusion layers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2005/001602
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeharu Kuramochi
Masahiko Katsu
Kaoru Eguchi
Yoshiki Muto
Masahiro Omata
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. filed Critical Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2005081343A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005081343A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and a separator for a fuel cell.
  • a solid polymer electrolyte membrane as a cation exchange membrane is sandwiched between a pair of gas diffusion layers functioning as electrodes. , And the outside thereof is sandwiched between a pair of separators.
  • the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is formed as a thin film in order to suppress a voltage drop due to its resistance. Since the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, which is a thin film, has little force to maintain its shape, it is easily deformed under the influence of temperature and humidity, and has poor handling properties.
  • the outer edge of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a pair of frames to form an electrolyte membrane member.
  • the solid-state polymer electrolyte membrane has improved nodling properties.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and a separator for a fuel cell, which can simplify the production of the fuel cell.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a solid fuel cell for a fuel cell capable of improving the handleability of a single fuel cell, thereby simplifying the production of the fuel cell. It is to provide a secondary electrolyte membrane.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell capable of simplifying the production of a fuel cell by applying a solid polymer electrolyte membrane having a good handling property as a single substance. It is to provide a separator for a pond.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a single cell of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell to which a solid polymer electrolyte membrane and a separator for a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention are applied.
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing a solid polymer electrolyte membrane on which a reinforcing portion having a frame shape is formed
  • FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along line 2B-2B in FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are diagrams conceptually showing a method of applying a reinforcing material in a frame shape.
  • a fuel cell is used in the form of a fuel cell stack in which a number of single cells 10 are stacked, for example, as a drive source of an automobile.
  • the single cell 10 is a battery that can obtain electricity in the process of obtaining water by reacting hydrogen and oxygen using the reverse principle of electrolysis of water.
  • the single cell 10 has a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 as a cation exchange membrane, a pair of gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 functioning as electrodes, and a pair of separators 41 and 42.
  • the single cell 10 is configured such that the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 is sandwiched between a pair of gas diffusion layers 31 and 32, and the outside thereof is sandwiched between a pair of separators 41 and 42.
  • a flow groove 43 for flowing cooling water and a flow groove 44 for flowing fuel gas (hydrogen) are formed in the separator 41 on the gas diffusion layer 31 side.
  • a flow channel 45 for flowing cooling water and a flow channel 46 for flowing oxidizing gas (air) are formed.
  • the shape and arrangement of the channel grooves 43-46 need to consider gas diffusivity, pressure loss, discharge of generated water, cooling performance, etc., and have a fine and complicated configuration.
  • the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 is a polymer membrane having a function of moving hydrogen ions.
  • the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 is formed in a thin film (for example, about several tens to 100 m) in order to suppress a voltage drop due to its resistance.
  • the formed solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 is usually stored or stored in a state of being wound around a core in a roll shape, and is used while being sequentially fed out when manufacturing a fuel cell. .
  • the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 includes a main body 21 forming a region interposed between the pair of gas diffusion layers 31 and 32, and a gas diffusion layer 31, A protruding portion 22 protruding from the outer peripheral edge of the protruding portion 32 and a reinforcing portion 23 having a frame shape formed by applying a reinforcing material to the protruding portion 22 so as to surround the outer peripheral edge of the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32.
  • the reinforcing portions 23 are formed on both surfaces (upper and lower surfaces in FIG. 2B) of the protruding portion 22 and have a rectangular cross section.
  • the main body 21 is sandwiched between the pair of gas diffusion layers 31 and 32, and the reinforcing portion 23 protrudes from the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 and is disposed between the pair of separators 41 and 42. (See Figure 1).
  • the reinforcing portion 23 has a sealing function.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 gives the main body portion 21 a shape retaining force for preventing the main body portion 21 from rolling. That is, while the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 is stored in a rolled state, the main body 21 has a curl. Further, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20, which is a thin film, has little force to maintain its shape, and is easily deformed under the influence of temperature and humidity. On the other hand, since the reinforcing portion 23 has a frame shape, it can withstand the curling force acting on the main body portion 21 due to the curl and the deformation force due to the influence of temperature and humidity. The force for holding the flat shape, that is, the shape holding force is strong. As a result of the reinforcing portion 23 applying the shape holding force to the main body portion 21, the main body portion 21 is prevented from being rounded or deformed.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 having a frame shape is formed by applying a reinforcing material to the protruding portion 22.
  • the reinforcing material an appropriate material can be selected as long as the reinforcing portion 23 can impart shape retaining force to the main body portion 21.
  • the reinforcing material is selected in consideration of the sealing property. Silicon rubber (having a Shore hardness of 25 or more) or fluorine rubber can be suitably used as the reinforcing material in terms of both imparting shape retention and providing a sealing function. It is also possible to use a two-component curing type curing agent having quick drying properties.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams conceptually showing a method of applying the reinforcing material 24 in a frame shape.
  • FIG. 3A In order to apply the reinforcing material 24 in a frame shape, a masking method (FIG. 3A), Printing method (Fig. 3B) can be adopted.
  • 3A and 3B show, for convenience of explanation, a form in which the reinforcing material 24 is applied to a cut piece obtained by cutting the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 into a size used for the single cell 10.
  • the size used for the single cell 10 is reduced. Then, it is cut into a lattice so that a plurality of cut pieces provided with the reinforcing portions 23 can be obtained at a time. This is because it is preferable to increase the efficiency of the application work of the reinforcing material 24.
  • FIG. 3A shows a state in which only the peripheral portion of the protective film 50 is removed, and the protruding portion 22 is exposed while the main body 21 is masked.
  • the reinforcing material 24 such as silicon rubber is applied to the exposed portion while moving the nozzle 51 of the application device. Then, when the remaining protective film 50 is removed, the reinforcing material 24 is applied in a frame shape.
  • the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 is turned upside down, and the reinforcing material 24 is similarly applied to the opposite surface in a frame shape.
  • a cut body such as a perforation on the protective film 50 in advance.
  • a coating device a device for coating a liquid packing for a field molded gasket (FIPG) used in engine parts, transmission parts, and the like can be used. By using this type of coating device, the reinforcing material 24 can be uniformly applied.
  • FIPG field molded gasket
  • plate 52 having a thickness substantially equal to a desired coating thickness is used.
  • the plate 52 has a through groove 53 that exposes only the protruding portion 22.
  • the plate 52 is placed on the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 placed on the base 54, and the reinforcing material 24 is dropped on the plate 52.
  • the surface layer of the plate 52 is rubbed with a squeegee 55 made of plastic or metal, and the excess reinforcing material 24 is removed while filling the through-hole 53 with the reinforcing material 24.
  • the reinforcing material 24 is applied in a frame shape.
  • the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 is turned upside down, and the reinforcing material 24 is similarly applied to the opposite surface in a frame shape.
  • frame-shaped reinforcing portions 23 are uniformly formed on rectangular cut pieces. The cut piece is prevented from being rounded or deformed by the shape retaining force provided by the reinforcing portion 23, and retains the original flat shape. Therefore, the handling performance of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 alone is improved, and it is easy to perform the joining work with the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 and the assembling work with the separators 41 and 42 to be performed later. The work can be automated.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 forms a seal member 25 between the reinforcing portions 23 and the separators 41 and 42.
  • the separators 41 and 42 of the present embodiment include first holding portions 41a and 42a that are bonded to the reinforcing portion 23 to hold the protruding portion 22, and a pair of gas diffusion layers 31 and 32.
  • the second holding portions 41b and 42b for pressing the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 against the respective surfaces of the main body portion 21 while holding the first holding portions 41a and 42a and the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 outside.
  • void portions 47 and 48 formed between the peripheral portion and the peripheral portion.
  • the second holding portions 41b and 42b have a cross-sectional shape recessed with respect to the first holding portions 41a and 42a in order to receive the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32.
  • the voids 47 and 48 are set to have a size that absorbs the crushing allowance of the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 when the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 are pressed against the main body 21. For this reason, the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 can be pressed against the main body 21 with a sufficient surface pressure. An increase in internal resistance caused by an excessively small surface pressure is suppressed, and sufficient performance of the single cell 10 and, consequently, the fuel cell stack can be secured. Since the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 are relatively thin, the dimensions between the first sandwiching portions 41a and 42a and the outer peripheral edges of the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 are set as the sizes of the gaps 47 and 48. For example, a few mm is sufficient.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 forms a seal member 25 with the first holding portions 41a and 42a.
  • the gas seal is performed by the reinforcing portion 23 being pressed against the first holding portions 41a and 42a and elastically deforming. Since the member (reinforcing part 23) that enhances the handling properties of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 alone has the function of sealing the gas flowing through the flow channels 44 and 46, a separate member only for sealing is separately provided. Reduced number of parts and manufacturing compared to the form of installation The process can be simplified.
  • the region interposed between the pair of gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 functioning as electrodes is formed.
  • the flat shape that is the shape described in (1) above is maintained, and the handleability of the single unit becomes good. Through this, the production of the fuel cell can be simplified.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 forms the seal member 25 between the separators 41 and 42, the reinforcing portion 23, which is a member for improving the handling property of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 alone, Since the gas sealing function is exhibited, the number of parts can be reduced and the manufacturing process can be simplified as compared with a case where a member only for sealing is separately provided.
  • Separators 41 and 42 for further sandwiching a pair of gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 sandwiching the main body 21 in the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 including the reinforcing portion 23, and are bonded to the reinforcing portion 23.
  • First sandwiching portions 41a and 42a for sandwiching the protruding portion 22 and a pair of gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 for sandwiching the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 against the respective surfaces of the main body portion 21 by pressing.
  • the second sandwiching portions 41b and 42b, and voids 47 and 48 formed between the first sandwiching portions 41a and 42a and the outer peripheral edges of the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32.
  • the sealing member 25 is formed between the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 having the reinforcing portion 23 and the main body 21 sandwiched therebetween. It can provide a suitable separator 41, 42 to further sandwich the gas diffusion layer 31, 32.
  • the application of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 having a good handling property as a single unit makes it possible to simplify the production of the fuel cell. Can be provided.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified within the scope of the claims.
  • the protruding portion 22 of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20 that protrudes from the gas diffusion layers 31 and 32 is located at a substantially central portion between the pair of separators 41 and 42.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing portion 23 is symmetrical with respect to the main body portion 21. This is to ensure a uniform pressing force between the separators 41 and 42.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing portion 23 may be asymmetrical with respect to the main body portion 21 in order to secure a uniform pressing force.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 having only the function of preventing the force main body portion 21 from being rounded as described for the reinforcing portion 23 having the gas sealing function may be used.
  • the reinforcing portion 23 can be formed only on either the front surface or the back surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 20.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

Membrane électrolytique en polymère solide (20) pour piles à combustible comportant une section de corps (21) formant une région interposée entre une paire de couches de diffusion de gaz (31, 32) jouant le rôle d'électrodes, une partie protubérante (22) se prolongeant des périphéries externes des couches de diffusion de gaz (31, 32), et une section de renforcement en forme de cadre (23) formée par l'application d'un matériau de renforcement (24) à la partie protubérante (22) de manière à couvrir les périphéries externes des couches de diffusion de gaz (31, 32). La section de renforcement (23) confère une force de maintien de forme pour empêcher la section de corps (21) de se courber vers elle-même. La section de renforcement (23) sert aussi d'organe d'étanchéité (25) entre les séparateurs (41, 42).
PCT/JP2005/001602 2004-02-24 2005-02-03 Membrane électrolytique en polymère solide et séparateur, tous deux pour pile à combustible WO2005081343A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004-048300 2004-02-24
JP2004048300A JP2005243292A (ja) 2004-02-24 2004-02-24 燃料電池用の、固体高分子電解質膜およびセパレータ

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WO2005081343A1 true WO2005081343A1 (fr) 2005-09-01

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008056661A1 (fr) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-15 Panasonic Corporation Film double de renfort, couche de catalyseur de film, film électrode, et pile à combustible à électrolyte de polymérique
WO2008072550A1 (fr) * 2006-12-07 2008-06-19 Panasonic Corporation Jonction film-électrode et pile à combustible de type à polyélectrolyte muni de la jonction
WO2008090778A1 (fr) * 2007-01-22 2008-07-31 Panasonic Corporation Corps lié d'élément de renforcement film-film, corps lié de couche film-catalyseur, corps lié film-électrode, et pile à combustible de type polyélectrolyte
WO2008093658A1 (fr) * 2007-01-29 2008-08-07 Panasonic Corporation Corps lié film-élément de renforcement de film, corps lié film-couche de catalyseur, corps lié film-électrode et pile à combustible de type polyélectrolytique
WO2008126350A1 (fr) * 2007-03-14 2008-10-23 Panasonic Corporation Ensemble de membre de renfort membrane-membrane, ensemble de couche membrane-catalyseur, ensemble membrane-électrode, cellule à combustible électrolytique polymère et procédé de production d'ensemble de membrane-électrode

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KR101808902B1 (ko) * 2006-01-17 2017-12-13 헨켈 아이피 앤드 홀딩 게엠베하 결합된 연료 전지 조립체, 이를 제조하기 위한 방법, 시스템 및 실란트 조성물
JP5359367B2 (ja) * 2009-02-26 2013-12-04 大日本印刷株式会社 膜触媒層接合体の製造方法
JP2012074314A (ja) * 2010-09-29 2012-04-12 Toppan Printing Co Ltd 膜電極接合体の製造方法、および膜電極接合体
JP6354126B2 (ja) * 2013-09-02 2018-07-11 凸版印刷株式会社 膜電極接合体及びその製造方法
JP6100230B2 (ja) * 2014-12-08 2017-03-22 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池用樹脂枠付き電解質膜・電極構造体及びその製造方法
JP7398636B2 (ja) * 2020-01-17 2023-12-15 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 燃料電池モジュール及びその製造方法

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JP2001319666A (ja) * 2000-05-02 2001-11-16 Honda Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池及びその製造方法
JP2003068318A (ja) * 2001-08-23 2003-03-07 Osaka Gas Co Ltd 固体高分子型燃料電池のセル及び固体高分子型燃料電池
JP2003082488A (ja) * 2001-09-10 2003-03-19 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 膜電極接合体とその製造方法
JP2004055350A (ja) * 2002-07-19 2004-02-19 Toyota Motor Corp 燃料電池のシール構造とその製造方法

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JPH05242897A (ja) * 1992-02-26 1993-09-21 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池
JPH05283093A (ja) * 1992-04-02 1993-10-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 固体高分子電解質燃料電池
JPH06267556A (ja) * 1993-03-10 1994-09-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電気化学デバイスとその製造方法及び流体流路
JPH07220742A (ja) * 1994-01-27 1995-08-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池及び該燃料電池の電極−イオン交換膜接合体の製造方法
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JP2004055350A (ja) * 2002-07-19 2004-02-19 Toyota Motor Corp 燃料電池のシール構造とその製造方法

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008056661A1 (fr) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-15 Panasonic Corporation Film double de renfort, couche de catalyseur de film, film électrode, et pile à combustible à électrolyte de polymérique
US8192893B2 (en) 2006-11-07 2012-06-05 Panasonic Corporation Membrane-membrane reinforcing membrane assembly, membrane-catalyst layer assembly, membrane-electrode assembly, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell
WO2008072550A1 (fr) * 2006-12-07 2008-06-19 Panasonic Corporation Jonction film-électrode et pile à combustible de type à polyélectrolyte muni de la jonction
WO2008090778A1 (fr) * 2007-01-22 2008-07-31 Panasonic Corporation Corps lié d'élément de renforcement film-film, corps lié de couche film-catalyseur, corps lié film-électrode, et pile à combustible de type polyélectrolyte
US8192895B2 (en) 2007-01-22 2012-06-05 Panasonic Corporation Membrane-membrane reinforcing member assembly, membrane-catalyst layer assembly, membrane-electrode assembly, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell
WO2008093658A1 (fr) * 2007-01-29 2008-08-07 Panasonic Corporation Corps lié film-élément de renforcement de film, corps lié film-couche de catalyseur, corps lié film-électrode et pile à combustible de type polyélectrolytique
US8182958B2 (en) 2007-01-29 2012-05-22 Panasonic Corporation Membrane membrane-reinforcement-member assembly, membrane catalyst-layer assembly, membrane electrode assembly and polymer electrolyte fuel cell
WO2008126350A1 (fr) * 2007-03-14 2008-10-23 Panasonic Corporation Ensemble de membre de renfort membrane-membrane, ensemble de couche membrane-catalyseur, ensemble membrane-électrode, cellule à combustible électrolytique polymère et procédé de production d'ensemble de membrane-électrode
US8192896B2 (en) 2007-03-14 2012-06-05 Panasonic Corporation Membrane-membrane reinforcing member assembly, membrane-catalyst layer assembly, membrane-electrode assembly, polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and method for manufacturing membrane-electrode assembly

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