WO2005073033A1 - Driver restraining system in a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Driver restraining system in a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005073033A1
WO2005073033A1 PCT/EP2004/013765 EP2004013765W WO2005073033A1 WO 2005073033 A1 WO2005073033 A1 WO 2005073033A1 EP 2004013765 W EP2004013765 W EP 2004013765W WO 2005073033 A1 WO2005073033 A1 WO 2005073033A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
driver
sensor
vehicle driver
seat
airbag
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/013765
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus-Dieter Haag
Gerhard Roth
Original Assignee
Daimlerchrysler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimlerchrysler Ag filed Critical Daimlerchrysler Ag
Priority to JP2006549900A priority Critical patent/JP2007519560A/en
Priority to US10/587,828 priority patent/US20080023946A1/en
Publication of WO2005073033A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005073033A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/01516—Passenger detection systems using force or pressure sensing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/0244—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation with logic circuits
    • B60N2/0268—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation with logic circuits using sensors or detectors for adapting the seat or seat part, e.g. to the position of an occupant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B60N2/42736—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the whole seat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/0153—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors
    • B60R21/01532—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors using electric or capacitive field sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/01552—Passenger detection systems detecting position of specific human body parts, e.g. face, eyes or hands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/01204—Actuation parameters of safety arrangents
    • B60R2021/01252—Devices other than bags
    • B60R2021/01265—Seat belts
    • B60R2021/01272—Belt tensioners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R2021/01315—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over monitoring occupant displacement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/217—Inflation fluid source retainers, e.g. reaction canisters; Connection of bags, covers, diffusers or inflation fluid sources therewith or together
    • B60R2021/2173—Inflation fluid source retainers, e.g. reaction canisters; Connection of bags, covers, diffusers or inflation fluid sources therewith or together the module or part thereof being movably mounted on the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/203—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in steering wheels or steering columns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/205—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in dashboards
    • B60R21/206—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in dashboards in the lower part of dashboards, e.g. for protecting the knees

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle driver restraint system in a motor vehicle with an airbag integrated in a steering device.
  • a positioning of the steering device and a triggering decision to deploy the airbag and a deployment characteristic of the airbag are determined by a control unit, the input signals of which are a signal of a crash.
  • Detection sensors and a signal of an interior sensor system according to the type defined in claim 1.
  • Passenger cars and commercial vehicles of a more recent design have active and passive safety devices which, in the event of a crash, help to reduce the severity of the accident for vehicle occupants and, if necessary, an accident partner.
  • controllable occupant protection means are known from the prior art which have a restraining effect and / or an energy-absorbing effect for protecting an occupant in the event of a collision.
  • movable impact bodies, pillows and headrests which can be changed in size, hardness, shape and position by means of a control.
  • headrest adjustment and seat belt tensioners are also used, such as headrest adjustment and seat belt tensioners.
  • the steering device is therefore often integrated into a so-called pre-safe system, which has a preventive effect even before a possible accident and a so-called pre-crash phase, ie. H. uses a period of time from the detection of a high probability of an accident by means of appropriate detection systems to the actual impact to protect the occupants as best as possible from the consequences of the impending accident.
  • GB 2 340 086 A discloses the adjustment of a steering wheel column to ensure airbag deployment in a straight direction.
  • US 5,984,355 and US 5,507,521 each describe possibilities of changing the angle of the steering wheel in the event of a crash.
  • a disadvantage of these solutions is that the distance between the vehicle driver and the steering wheel and thus to the airbag, which is usually arranged centrally in the steering column, is not or only insufficiently taken into account, so that airbag deployment when the vehicle driver is in the immediate vicinity of the steering wheel possibly contribute to its impairment in the event of a crash.
  • An airbag control device is known from FR 2 761 032 which detects the axial position of the assigned seat and controls the deployment characteristic of the airbag, in particular the airbag force, as a function thereof.
  • sensors for recording morphological data of the passenger sitting on the seat and to take them into account when the airbag is triggered The solution described here provides for determining a head position of a vehicle driver using a sensor on a rear view mirror.
  • this object is achieved with a vehicle driver restraint system in a motor vehicle with an airbag integrated in a steering device, in which, in the event of a crash, a positioning of the steering device and a triggering decision for deployment of the airbag and a deployment characteristic of the airbag are determined by a control unit, the input signals of which Signal of a crash detection sensor system and a signal of an interior sensor system which has at least one seat position detection and a sensor system for recording morphological data of the driver, and in the event of a crash the control unit additionally controls a motorized seat adjustment device of the driver's seat.
  • the invention uses safety and comfort systems that are usually present in modern vehicles in order to optimally adjust the distance between the driver and the airbag or its outlet flap in the steering wheel in a pre-crash phase.
  • the combined control of both the adjustment of the steering wheel which can be designed in accordance with the type described in more detail in one of the patents cited at the beginning, as well as a staged or variable airbag deployment and the simultaneous control of the motorized seat adjustment device, result in an optimal positioning in a much shorter time achieved by the driver than can only be the case with unilateral adjustment of the steering device.
  • the sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver can have at least one weight sensor integrated in the driver's seat, which is preferably part of a seat occupancy detection which is usually present anyway.
  • his height is an important parameter in order to achieve an optimal, coordinated position of the steering wheel and the driver's seat both axially in the vehicle longitudinal direction and in height.
  • the sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver has at least one sensor which determines the size of the vehicle driver and which preferably senses a position of the head of the vehicle driver. This is possible, for example, with known capacitive sensors, which are located in the area of a driving sky or a central rear-view mirror or a headrest can be arranged.
  • the figure of the drawing shows a schematic, partial side view of a driver area of a motor vehicle 1, a driver 2 sitting on a driver's seat 3 in front of a steering device 4.
  • a steering wheel 5 and partially a steering column 6 and a device 7 for adjusting the steering column 6 or the steering wheel 5 are shown schematically by the steering device 4.
  • the device 7 for adjusting the steering column 6 both its axial adjustment according to an arrow 8 in the figure, a height adjustment according to an arrow 9 in the figure and a pivoting can be carried out in the present case.
  • an airbag 10 is arranged in the steering column 6 and centrally with respect to the steering wheel 5, the outlet flap 11 of which is arranged essentially in the center of the steering wheel 5.
  • a so-called knee pad 12 is provided below the steering device 4.
  • the main components of the driver's seat 3 are a lower seat part 13, a backrest 14 and a headrest 15, the lower seat part 13 being axially adjustable in a manner known per se on seat rails 16 according to an arrow 17 in the figure.
  • a motorized seat adjustment device 20 provided for this purpose also makes it possible to adjust the height of the driver's seat 3 or the lower seat part 13 and the backrest 14 connected to it by an articulation device 19 so as to adjust the angle of inclination according to arrow 18.
  • the axial position of the driver's seat 3 is determined by at least one sensor 21 on the seat rail 16, while the height position is detected by a sensor 22 arranged on a seat shell and the angular position of the backrest 14 by a sensor 24 arranged on the joint 19. Furthermore, the position of the headrest 15 is determined by a sensor 23.
  • a sensor 31 is provided in the embodiment shown, which is shown enlarged in the figure and is arranged therein on the outlet flap 11 of the airbag 10.
  • the sensor 31 can be designed in any known type of a distance determination sensor, but it is particularly advantageous if the sensor 31 is designed as a capacitive sensor.
  • All of the data from an interior sensor system 30 comprising these sensors go into a control unit 25 which, in addition to connections z. B. to the sensors 21, 22, 23, 24 of a seat position detection 28 also a connection with the electromotive seat adjustment device 20, with the adjustment device 7 of the steering device 4, with a belt tighter 26 and a central crash detection sensor 27.
  • control device 25 can optimally position the steering device 4 and driver seat 3 with respect to a distance D1 of the driver 2 from the steering wheel 5 or the airbag outlet flap 11, including a coordinated control further protective devices, in particular the belt tensioner 26, can be set.
  • a sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver 2, which in the present case has weight sensors 33, 34 integrated into the driver's seat 3 for detecting the weight of the vehicle driver 2, which are also part of a seat occupancy detection system.
  • the sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver 2 has a sensor 32 which determines the body size of the vehicle driver 2 and which, in the embodiment shown, senses a position of the head 2A of the vehicle driver 2.
  • the sensor 32 for determining the position of the head 2A can, as shown, be arranged in the area of a vehicle headliner 35 or, for example, can be integrated in a central rear view mirror, a sun visor 36 or the headrest 15.
  • the sensor 32 used for determining the head position can also advantageously be designed as a capacitive sensor.
  • the morphological information about the vehicle driver 2 obtained in this way not only represents important parameters for the positioning of the steering device 4 and driver seat 3 They are also important for the selection of a deployment characteristic of the airbag 10 stored in the control unit 25 for various types of vehicle drivers, driving conditions and accident situations, which, in addition to the deployment speed and deployment force, may include the choice and the time-dependent sequence of deployment of airbag stages and a deployment form.
  • control unit 25 does not all have to be combined in a central control device, but can also be processed in decentralized control modules.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a driver restraining system in a motor vehicle comprising an airbag which is integrated into a steering device. In the event of a crash the steering device is positioned and a trigger decision to open the airbag and an unfolding characteristic of the airbag is determined by a control unit, whose input signal comprises a signal of a crash detection sensor system and a signal of an passenger compartment system, which comprises at least one facility for recognising the seat position and a sensor system for detecting morphological data of the driver of the vehicle. In the event of a crash a motorised seat adjustment device for the driver's seat is controlled by the control unit in a synchronised manner.

Description

Fahrzeugführerrückhaltesystem in einem Kraftfahrzeug Driver restraint system in a motor vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeugführerrückhaltesystem in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit einem in eine Lenkeinrichtung integrierten Airbag, wobei im Crash-Fall eine Positionierung der Lenkeinrichtung und eine Auslöseentscheidung zur Entfaltung des Airbag und eine Entfaltungscharakteristik des Airbag von einer Steuereinheit bestimmt wird, deren Eingangssignale ein Signal einer Crash-Detektionssensorik und ein Signal einer Innenraumsensorik nach der im Patentanspruch 1 näher definierten Art umfassen.The invention relates to a vehicle driver restraint system in a motor vehicle with an airbag integrated in a steering device. In the event of a crash, a positioning of the steering device and a triggering decision to deploy the airbag and a deployment characteristic of the airbag are determined by a control unit, the input signals of which are a signal of a crash. Detection sensors and a signal of an interior sensor system according to the type defined in claim 1.
Personenkraftwagen und Nutzkraftwagen neuerer Bauart verfügen über aktive und passive Sicherheitseinrichtungen, die im Falle eines Crashs zu einer Verminderung der Unfallschwere für Fahrzeuginsassen und gegebenenfalls einen Unfallpartner beitragen.Passenger cars and commercial vehicles of a more recent design have active and passive safety devices which, in the event of a crash, help to reduce the severity of the accident for vehicle occupants and, if necessary, an accident partner.
Neben den gängigen Rückhaltemitteln wie Airbag und Sicherheitsgurt mit Gurtstraffer sind aus dem Stand der Technik weitere ansteuerbare Insassenschutzmittel bekannt, welche eine Rückhaltewirkung und/oder eine Energie absorbierende Wirkung zum Schütze eines Insassen bei einer Kollision entfalten. Beispiele hierfür sind verfahrbare Prallkörper, Kissen und Kopfstützen, welche mittels einer Ansteuerung in Größe, Härte, Form und Lage verändert werden können. Zur Konditionierung eines Insassen auf einem bevorstehenden Auf- prall werden auch Einrichtungen zur Positionierung des Insassen eingesetzt, zu denen beispielsweise eine Kopfstützenverstellung und Sicherheitsgurtstraffer zählen.In addition to the common restraint devices such as airbag and seat belt with belt tensioner, further controllable occupant protection means are known from the prior art which have a restraining effect and / or an energy-absorbing effect for protecting an occupant in the event of a collision. Examples of this are movable impact bodies, pillows and headrests, which can be changed in size, hardness, shape and position by means of a control. To condition an occupant on an upcoming facilities for positioning the occupant are also used, such as headrest adjustment and seat belt tensioners.
Einer besonderen Gefährdung durch das Lenkrad eines Kraftfahrzeuges ist der Fahrzeugführer ausgesetzt. In der Praxis wird daher die Lenkeinrichtung häufig in ein so genanntes Pre-Safe-System integriert, welches bereits vor einem möglichen Unfall präventiv wirksam ist und eine so genannte Pre- Crash-Phase, d. h. einen Zeitraum ab Erkennen einer hohen Unfallwahrscheinlichkeit durch entsprechende Detektions- systeme bis zum eigentlichen Aufprall, dazu nutzt, den Insassen bestmöglich vor den Folgen des bevorstehenden Unfalles zu schützen.The driver is exposed to a particular risk from the steering wheel of a motor vehicle. In practice, the steering device is therefore often integrated into a so-called pre-safe system, which has a preventive effect even before a possible accident and a so-called pre-crash phase, ie. H. uses a period of time from the detection of a high probability of an accident by means of appropriate detection systems to the actual impact to protect the occupants as best as possible from the consequences of the impending accident.
Die Bereitstellung eines Insassenschutzes durch eine Verstellung der Lenkeinrichtung auf eine Crash-Position ist in unterschiedlichen Ausführungen bekannt.The provision of occupant protection by adjusting the steering device to a crash position is known in different versions.
Beispielsweise offenbart die GB 2 340 086 A die Verstellung einer Lenkradsäule zur Gewährleistung der Airbag-Auslösung in einer geraden Richtung. Die US 5,984,355 und die US 5,507,521 beschreiben jeweils Möglichkeiten einer Winkelveränderung des Lenkrades im Crash-Fall .For example, GB 2 340 086 A discloses the adjustment of a steering wheel column to ensure airbag deployment in a straight direction. US 5,984,355 and US 5,507,521 each describe possibilities of changing the angle of the steering wheel in the event of a crash.
Nachteilig ist bei diesen Lösungen jedoch, dass der Abstand des Fahrzeugführers zu dem Lenkrad und damit zu dem in üblicherweise zentral in der Lenksäule angeordneten Airbag nicht oder nur unzureichend berücksichtigt wird, so dass eine Airbag-Auslösung bei einer Position des Fahrzeugführers in unmittelbarer Nähe des Lenkrades gegebenenfalls zu dessen Beeinträchtigung im Crash-Fall beitragen kann. Aus der FR 2 761 032 ist eine Airbag-Steuereinrichtung bekannt, welche die axiale Position des zugeordneten Sitzes detektiert und in Abhängigkeit hiervon die Entfaltungscharakteristik des Airbag, insbesondere die Airbagkraft, steuert. Des Weiteren wird vorgeschlagen, Sensoren zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des sich auf dem Sitz befindlichen Passagiers vorzusehen und diese bei der Airbag-Auslösung zu berücksichtigen. Die beschriebene Lösung sieht dabei vor, eine Kopfposition eines Fahrzeugsführers über einen Sensor an einem Rückspiegel zu ermitteln.A disadvantage of these solutions, however, is that the distance between the vehicle driver and the steering wheel and thus to the airbag, which is usually arranged centrally in the steering column, is not or only insufficiently taken into account, so that airbag deployment when the vehicle driver is in the immediate vicinity of the steering wheel possibly contribute to its impairment in the event of a crash. An airbag control device is known from FR 2 761 032 which detects the axial position of the assigned seat and controls the deployment characteristic of the airbag, in particular the airbag force, as a function thereof. Furthermore, it is proposed to provide sensors for recording morphological data of the passenger sitting on the seat and to take them into account when the airbag is triggered. The solution described here provides for determining a head position of a vehicle driver using a sensor on a rear view mirror.
Ausgehend von diesen bekannten Schutzeinrichtungen ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Fahrzeugführerrückhaltesystem zu schaffen, welches unter Nutzung der Vorzüge einer im Crash-Fall verstellbaren Lenkeinrichtung und eines hierin integrierten Airbag dahingehend weiter verbessert ist, dass im Crash-Fall ein optimaler Abstand zwischen dem Fahrzeugführer und dem Airbag und somit eine optimale Rückhaltung des Airbag sichergestellt ist.Starting from these known protective devices, it is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle driver restraint system which, using the advantages of an adjustable steering device in the event of a crash and an airbag integrated therein, is further improved in such a way that in the event of a crash an optimal distance between the vehicle driver and the airbag and thus optimal retention of the airbag is ensured.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe mit einem Fahrzeugführerrückhaltesystem in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit einem in eine Lenkeinrichtung integrierten Airbag gelöst, bei dem im Crash-Fall eine Positionierung der Lenkeinrichtung und eine Auslöseentscheidung zur Entfaltung des Airbag und eine Entfaltungscharakteristik des Airbag von einer Steuereinheit bestimmt wird, deren Eingangssignale ein Signal einer Crash- Detektionssensorik und ein Signal einer Innenraumsensorik, welche wenigstens eine Sitzstellungserkennung und eine Sen- sorik zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des Fahrzeugführers aufweist, umfassen, und wobei im Crash-Fall durch die Steuereinheit zusätzlich eine abgestimmte Ansteuerung einer motorischen Sitzverstelleinrichtung des Fahrersitzes erfolgt. Die Erfindung nutzt dabei in einfacher Weise ohnehin in modernen Fahrzeugen meist vorhandene Sicherheits- und Komfortsysteme, um in einer Pre-Crash-Phase den Abstand zwischen dem Fahrzeugführer und dem Airbag bzw. seiner Austrittsklappe in dem Lenkrad optimal einzustellen. Durch die kombinierte Ansteuerung sowohl der Verstellung des Lenkrads, welche gemäß der in einer der eingangs zitierten Patentschriften näher beschriebenen Art ausgestaltet sein kann, sowie einer gestuften bzw. variierbaren Airbag-Entfaltung und der gleichzeitigen Ansteuerung der motorischen Sitzverstelleinrichtung wird in wesentlich kürzerer Zeit eine optimale Positionierung des Fahrzeugführers erreicht, als dies bei einer einseitigen Verstellung nur der Lenkeinrichtung der Fall sein kann.According to the invention, this object is achieved with a vehicle driver restraint system in a motor vehicle with an airbag integrated in a steering device, in which, in the event of a crash, a positioning of the steering device and a triggering decision for deployment of the airbag and a deployment characteristic of the airbag are determined by a control unit, the input signals of which Signal of a crash detection sensor system and a signal of an interior sensor system which has at least one seat position detection and a sensor system for recording morphological data of the driver, and in the event of a crash the control unit additionally controls a motorized seat adjustment device of the driver's seat. In a simple manner, the invention uses safety and comfort systems that are usually present in modern vehicles in order to optimally adjust the distance between the driver and the airbag or its outlet flap in the steering wheel in a pre-crash phase. The combined control of both the adjustment of the steering wheel, which can be designed in accordance with the type described in more detail in one of the patents cited at the beginning, as well as a staged or variable airbag deployment and the simultaneous control of the motorized seat adjustment device, result in an optimal positioning in a much shorter time achieved by the driver than can only be the case with unilateral adjustment of the steering device.
In einer sehr vorteilhaften Ausführung des Fahrzeugführerrückhaltesystems gemäß der Erfindung kann die Sensorik zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des Fahrzeugführers wenigstens einen in den Fahrersitz integrierten Gewichtssensor aufweisen, welcher vorzugsweise Bestandteil einer ohnehin meist vorhandenen Sitzbelegungserkennung ist.In a very advantageous embodiment of the vehicle driver restraint system according to the invention, the sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver can have at least one weight sensor integrated in the driver's seat, which is preferably part of a seat occupancy detection which is usually present anyway.
Neben dem Gewicht des Fahrzeugführers stellt dessen Körpergröße eine bedeutende Kenngröße dar, um eine optimale, aufeinander abgestimmte Stellung des Lenkrades und des Fahrersitzes sowohl axial in Fahrzeugl ngsrichtung als auch in der Höhe zu erreichen.In addition to the weight of the vehicle driver, his height is an important parameter in order to achieve an optimal, coordinated position of the steering wheel and the driver's seat both axially in the vehicle longitudinal direction and in height.
Hierzu ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Sensorik zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des Fahrzeugführers wenigstens einen die Größe des Fahrzeugführers ermittelnden Sensors aufweist, welcher vorzugsweise eine Position des Kopfes des Fahrzeugführers sensiert. Dies ist beispielsweise mit bekannten kapazitiven Sensoren möglich, welche im Bereich eines Fahr- zeughimmels bzw. eines mittigen Rückspiegels oder einer Kopfstütze angeordnet sein können.For this purpose, it is advantageous if the sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver has at least one sensor which determines the size of the vehicle driver and which preferably senses a position of the head of the vehicle driver. This is possible, for example, with known capacitive sensors, which are located in the area of a driving sky or a central rear-view mirror or a headrest can be arranged.
Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen eines Fahrzeugführerrückhaltesystems gemäß der Erfindung sind der Beschreibung, der Zeichnung und den Patentansprüchen entnehmbar .Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of a vehicle driver restraint system according to the invention can be found in the description, the drawing and the patent claims.
In der einzigen Figur der Zeichnung ist prinzipmäßig ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugführerrückhaltesystems dargestellt, welches in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert wird.In the single figure of the drawing, an embodiment of a driver restraint system according to the invention is shown in principle, which is explained in more detail in the following description.
Die Figur der Zeichnung zeigt in einer schematisierten, ausschnittsweisen Seitenansicht einen Fahrzeugführerbereich eines Kraftfahrzeuges 1, wobei ein Fahrzeugführer 2 auf einem Fahrersitz 3 vor einer Lenkeinrichtung 4 sitzt.The figure of the drawing shows a schematic, partial side view of a driver area of a motor vehicle 1, a driver 2 sitting on a driver's seat 3 in front of a steering device 4.
Von der Lenkeinrichtung 4 ist schematisch ein Lenkrad 5 und teilweise eine Lenksäule 6 sowie eine Einrichtung 7 zur Verstellung der Lenksäule 6 bzw. des Lenkrades 5 dargestellt. Mittels der Einrichtung 7 zur Verstellung der Lenksäule 6 ist vorliegend sowohl deren Axialverstellung gemäß einem Pfeil 8 in der Figur, eine Höhenverstellung gemäß einem Pfeil 9 in der Figur sowie eine Verschwenkung durchführbar.A steering wheel 5 and partially a steering column 6 and a device 7 for adjusting the steering column 6 or the steering wheel 5 are shown schematically by the steering device 4. By means of the device 7 for adjusting the steering column 6, both its axial adjustment according to an arrow 8 in the figure, a height adjustment according to an arrow 9 in the figure and a pivoting can be carried out in the present case.
Weiterhin ist ersichtlich, dass in der Lenksäule 6 und zentral bezüglich des Lenkrades 5 ein Airbag 10 angeordnet ist, dessen Austrittsklappe 11 im Wesentlichen mittig des Lenkrades 5 angeordnet ist. Als weitere Schutzeinrichtung für den Fahrzeugführer 2 ist unterhalb der Lenkeinrichtung 4 ein so genanntes Kniepolster 12 vorgesehen. Der Fahrersitz 3 weist als Hauptbestandteile ein Sitzunterteil 13, eine Rückenlehne 14 und eine Kopfstütze 15 auf, wobei das Sitzunterteil 13 in an sich bekannter Art auf Sitzschienen 16 axial gemäß einem Pfeil 17 in der Figur längs- verstellbar ist. Eine hierzu vorgesehene motorische Sitzverstelleinrichtung 20 ermöglicht es des Weiteren, den Fahrersitz 3 bzw. das Sitzunterteil 13 und die hiermit durch eine Gelenkeinrichtung 19 neigungswinkelverstellbar verbundene Rückenlehne 14 in der Höhe gemäß Pfeil 18 zu verstellen.Furthermore, it can be seen that an airbag 10 is arranged in the steering column 6 and centrally with respect to the steering wheel 5, the outlet flap 11 of which is arranged essentially in the center of the steering wheel 5. As a further protective device for the driver 2, a so-called knee pad 12 is provided below the steering device 4. The main components of the driver's seat 3 are a lower seat part 13, a backrest 14 and a headrest 15, the lower seat part 13 being axially adjustable in a manner known per se on seat rails 16 according to an arrow 17 in the figure. A motorized seat adjustment device 20 provided for this purpose also makes it possible to adjust the height of the driver's seat 3 or the lower seat part 13 and the backrest 14 connected to it by an articulation device 19 so as to adjust the angle of inclination according to arrow 18.
Die axiale Position des Fahrersitzes 3 wird über wenigstens einen Sensor 21 an der Sitzschiene 16 ermittelt, während die Höhenposition über einen an einer Sitzschale angeordneten Sensor 22 und die Winkelposition der Rückenlehne 14 durch einen an dem Gelenk 19 angeordneten Sensor 24 detektiert wird. Weiterhin wird die Position der Kopfstütze 15 durch einen Sensor 23 ermittelt.The axial position of the driver's seat 3 is determined by at least one sensor 21 on the seat rail 16, while the height position is detected by a sensor 22 arranged on a seat shell and the angular position of the backrest 14 by a sensor 24 arranged on the joint 19. Furthermore, the position of the headrest 15 is determined by a sensor 23.
Zur Erfassung eines Abstandes Dl des Fahrzeugführers 2 von dem Lenkrad 5 ist bei der gezeigten Ausführung ein Sensor 31 vorgesehen, welcher in der Figur vergrößert darstellt ist und darin an der Austrittsklappe 11 des Airbag 10 angeordnet ist. Der Sensor 31 kann in jeder bekannten Bauart eines Ab- standsermittlungssensors ausgebildet sein, jedoch ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Sensor 31 als ein kapazitiver Sensor ausgebildet ist.To detect a distance D1 of the vehicle driver 2 from the steering wheel 5, a sensor 31 is provided in the embodiment shown, which is shown enlarged in the figure and is arranged therein on the outlet flap 11 of the airbag 10. The sensor 31 can be designed in any known type of a distance determination sensor, but it is particularly advantageous if the sensor 31 is designed as a capacitive sensor.
Sämtliche Daten einer diese Sensoren umfassenden Innenraum- sensorik 30 gehen in ein Steuergerät 25 ein, welches neben Verbindungen z. B. zu den Sensoren 21, 22, 23, 24 einer Sitzstellungserkennung 28 auch eine Verbindung mit der e- lektromotorischen Sitzverstelleinrichtung 20, mit der Ver- stelleinrichtung 7 der Lenkeinrichtung 4, mit einem Gurt- straffer 26 und einem zentralen Crash-Detektionssensor 27 aufweist .All of the data from an interior sensor system 30 comprising these sensors go into a control unit 25 which, in addition to connections z. B. to the sensors 21, 22, 23, 24 of a seat position detection 28 also a connection with the electromotive seat adjustment device 20, with the adjustment device 7 of the steering device 4, with a belt tighter 26 and a central crash detection sensor 27.
Über das Steuergerät 25 kann bei Erkennen einer bevorstehenden Crash-Situation durch den Crash-Detektionssensor 27 eine optimale Positionierung von Lenkeinrichtung 4 und Fahrersitz 3 bezüglich eines Abstandes Dl des Fahrzeugführers 2 zu dem Lenkrad 5 bzw. der Airbag-Austrittsklappe 11 unter Einbeziehung einer abgestimmten Ansteuerung weiterer Schutzeinrichtungen, insbesondere des Gurtstraffers 26, eingestellt werden.When an impending crash situation is detected by the crash detection sensor 27, the control device 25 can optimally position the steering device 4 and driver seat 3 with respect to a distance D1 of the driver 2 from the steering wheel 5 or the airbag outlet flap 11, including a coordinated control further protective devices, in particular the belt tensioner 26, can be set.
Dabei ist es nützlich, dass eine Sensorik zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des Fahrzeugführers 2 vorgesehen ist, welche zur Erkennung des Gewichts des Fahrzeugführers 2 vorliegend in den Fahrersitz 3 integrierte Gewichtssensoren 33, 34 aufweist, welche zugleich Bestandteil einer Sitzbelegungserkennung sind.It is useful here that a sensor system is provided for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver 2, which in the present case has weight sensors 33, 34 integrated into the driver's seat 3 for detecting the weight of the vehicle driver 2, which are also part of a seat occupancy detection system.
Des Weiteren weist die Sensorik zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des Fahrzeugführers 2 einen die Körpergröße des Fahrzeugführers 2 ermittelnden Sensor 32 auf, welcher bei der gezeigten Ausführung eine Position des Kopfes 2A des Fahrzeugführers 2 sensiert. Der Sensor 32 zur Ermittlung der Position des Kopfes 2A kann wie gezeigt im Bereich eines Fahrzeughimmels 35 angeordnet sein oder aber beispielsweise in einen mittigen Rückspiegel, eine Sonnenblende 36 oder die Kopfstütze 15 integriert sein. Der zur KopfPositionsbestimmung verwendete Sensor 32 kann auch hier vorteilhaft als kapazitiver Sensor ausgebildet sein.Furthermore, the sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver 2 has a sensor 32 which determines the body size of the vehicle driver 2 and which, in the embodiment shown, senses a position of the head 2A of the vehicle driver 2. The sensor 32 for determining the position of the head 2A can, as shown, be arranged in the area of a vehicle headliner 35 or, for example, can be integrated in a central rear view mirror, a sun visor 36 or the headrest 15. The sensor 32 used for determining the head position can also advantageously be designed as a capacitive sensor.
Die so gewonnenen morphologischen Informationen über den Fahrzeugführer 2 stellen nicht nur wichtige Kenngrößen für die Positionierung von Lenkeinrichtung 4 und Fahrersitz 3 dar, sondern sie sind auch bedeutend für die Wahl einer in der Steuereinheit 25 für verschiedenste Typen an Fahrzeugführern, Fahrzuständen und Unfallsituationen abgelegte Entfaltungscharakteristik des Airbag 10, wozu neben der Entfaltungsgeschwindigkeit und Entfaltungskraft gegebenenfalls die Wahl und die zeitliche Auslöseabfolge von Airbagstufen und eine Entfaltungsform zählen.The morphological information about the vehicle driver 2 obtained in this way not only represents important parameters for the positioning of the steering device 4 and driver seat 3 They are also important for the selection of a deployment characteristic of the airbag 10 stored in the control unit 25 for various types of vehicle drivers, driving conditions and accident situations, which, in addition to the deployment speed and deployment force, may include the choice and the time-dependent sequence of deployment of airbag stages and a deployment form.
Es versteht sich, dass die beschriebenen Funktionen der Steuereinheit 25 nicht sämtlich in einem zentralen Steuergerät vereint sein müssen, sondern auch in dezentralen Steuermodulen abgearbeitet werden können. It is understood that the functions of the control unit 25 described do not all have to be combined in a central control device, but can also be processed in decentralized control modules.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit einem in eine Lenkeinrichtung (4) integrierten Airbag (10) , wobei im Crash-Fall eine Positionierung der Lenkeinrichtung (4) und eine Auslöseentscheidung zur Entfaltung des Airbag (10) und eine Entfaltungscharakteristik des Airbag (10) von einer Steuereinheit (25) bestimmt wird, deren Eingangssignale ein Signal einer Crash- Detektionssensorik (27) und ein Signal einer Innenraum- sensorik (30) , welche wenigstens eine Sitzstellungserkennung (28) und eine Sensorik (31, 32, 33, 34) zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des Fahrzeugführers (2) aufweist, umfassen, und wobei im Crash-Fall durch die Steuereinheit (25) zusätzlich eine abgestimmte Ansteuerung einer motorischen Sitzverstelleinrichtung (20) des Fahrersitzes (3) erfolgt.Vehicle driver restraint system in a motor vehicle with an airbag (10) integrated in a steering device (4), wherein in the event of a crash, positioning of the steering device (4) and a triggering decision for deployment of the airbag (10) and deployment characteristics of the airbag (10) by one Control unit (25) is determined, the input signals of which are a signal from a crash detection sensor system (27) and a signal from an interior sensor system (30) which has at least one seat position detection (28) and a sensor system (31, 32, 33, 34) for detection comprises morphological data of the vehicle driver (2), and, in the event of a crash, the control unit (25) additionally controls a motorized seat adjustment device (20) of the driver's seat (3).
Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensorik zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des Fahrzeugführers (2) wenigstens einen in den Fahrersitz (3) integrierten Gewichtssensor (33, 34) aufweist, welcher vorzugsweise Bestandteil einer Sitzbelegungserkennung ist. Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sensorik zur Erfassung morphologischer Daten des Fahrzeugführers (2) wenigstens einen die Größe des Fahrzeugführers (2) ermittelnden Sensor (32) aufweist, welcher vorzugsweise eines Position des Kopfes (2A) des Fahrzeugführers (2) sensiert.Vehicle driver restraint system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver (2) has at least one weight sensor (33, 34) integrated in the driver's seat (3), which is preferably part of a seat occupancy detection. Vehicle driver restraint system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensor system for recording morphological data of the vehicle driver (2) has at least one sensor (32) which determines the size of the vehicle driver (2) and which preferably detects a position of the head (2A) of the vehicle driver ( 2) senses.
Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (32) zur Ermittlung der Position des Kopfes (2A) des Fahrzeugführers (2) im Bereich eines Fahrzeughimmels (35) oder einer Kopfstütze (15) angeordnet ist, wobei der Sensor (32) vorzugsweise als kapazitiver Sensor ausgebildet ist.Vehicle driver restraint system according to claim 3, characterized in that the sensor (32) for determining the position of the head (2A) of the vehicle driver (2) is arranged in the region of a vehicle roof lining (35) or a headrest (15), the sensor (32) is preferably designed as a capacitive sensor.
Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die motorische Sitzverstelleinrichtung (20) in Abhängigkeit von Signalen der Steuereinheit (25 ) im Crash-Fall eine Höhenposition und Axialposition von Sitzelementen (13, 14, 15), insbesondere eines Sitzunterteiles (13) , einer Rückenlehne (14) und einer Kopfstütze (15), einstellt.Vehicle driver restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the motorized seat adjustment device (20) depending on signals from the control unit (25) in the event of a crash, a height position and axial position of seat elements (13, 14, 15), in particular a seat lower part ( 13), a backrest (14) and a headrest (15).
Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenraumsensorik (30) einen Sensor (31) zurVehicle driver restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the interior sensor system (30) has a sensor (31) for
Erfassung des Abstandes (Dl) des Fahrzeugführers (2) von einem Lenkrad (5) der Lenkeinrichtung (4) aufweist. Detection of the distance (Dl) of the driver (2) from a steering wheel (5) of the steering device (4).
7. Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (31) zur Erfassung des Abstandes (Dl) des Fahrzeugführers (2) von dem Lenkrad (5) an einer Austrittsklappe (11) des Airbag (10) angeordnet ist.7. The driver's restraint system according to claim 6, characterized in that the sensor (31) for detecting the distance (Dl) of the driver (2) from the steering wheel (5) is arranged on an outlet flap (11) of the airbag (10).
8. Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sensor (31) zur Erfassung des Abstandes (Dl) des Fahrzeugführers (2) von dem Lenkrad (5) als ein kapazitiver Sensor ausgebildet ist .8. Vehicle driver restraint system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the sensor (31) for detecting the distance (Dl) of the driver (2) from the steering wheel (5) is designed as a capacitive sensor.
9. Fahrzeugführerruckhaltesystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Crash-Fall durch die Steuereinheit (25) zusätzlich eine abgestimmte Ansteuerung eines Gurtstraffers (26) erfolgt. 9. Driver's restraint system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, in the event of a crash, the control unit (25) additionally controls a belt tensioner (26) in a coordinated manner.
PCT/EP2004/013765 2004-01-30 2004-12-03 Driver restraining system in a motor vehicle WO2005073033A1 (en)

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