JP2007519560A - Car occupant restraint system - Google Patents

Car occupant restraint system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2007519560A
JP2007519560A JP2006549900A JP2006549900A JP2007519560A JP 2007519560 A JP2007519560 A JP 2007519560A JP 2006549900 A JP2006549900 A JP 2006549900A JP 2006549900 A JP2006549900 A JP 2006549900A JP 2007519560 A JP2007519560 A JP 2007519560A
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Prior art keywords
driver
sensor
seat
restraint system
occupant restraint
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JP2006549900A
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Japanese (ja)
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クラウス‐ディーター・ハーグ
ゲルハルド・ロート
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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Daimler AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/01516—Passenger detection systems using force or pressure sensing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
    • B60N2/0021—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement
    • B60N2/0024—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat
    • B60N2/0027—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat for detecting the position of the occupant or of occupant's body part
    • B60N2/0028—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat for detecting the position of the occupant or of occupant's body part of a body part, e.g. of an arm or a leg
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
    • B60N2/0021—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement
    • B60N2/003—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement characterised by the sensor mounting location in or on the seat
    • B60N2/0031—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement characterised by the sensor mounting location in or on the seat mounted on the frame
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/02—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles the seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable
    • B60N2/0224—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation
    • B60N2/0244—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation with logic circuits
    • B60N2/0268—Non-manual adjustments, e.g. with electrical operation with logic circuits using sensors or detectors for adapting the seat or seat part, e.g. to the position of an occupant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B60N2/42727—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement
    • B60N2/42736—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash involving substantially rigid displacement of the whole seat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/0153—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors
    • B60R21/01532—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors using electric or capacitive field sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/01552—Passenger detection systems detecting position of specific human body parts, e.g. face, eyes or hands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2210/00—Sensor types, e.g. for passenger detection systems or for controlling seats
    • B60N2210/10—Field detection presence sensors
    • B60N2210/12—Capacitive; Electric field
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R2021/01204—Actuation parameters of safety arrangents
    • B60R2021/01252—Devices other than bags
    • B60R2021/01265—Seat belts
    • B60R2021/01272—Belt tensioners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R2021/01315—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over monitoring occupant displacement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/217—Inflation fluid source retainers, e.g. reaction canisters; Connection of bags, covers, diffusers or inflation fluid sources therewith or together
    • B60R2021/2173—Inflation fluid source retainers, e.g. reaction canisters; Connection of bags, covers, diffusers or inflation fluid sources therewith or together the module or part thereof being movably mounted on the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/203—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in steering wheels or steering columns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/20—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components
    • B60R21/205—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in dashboards
    • B60R21/206—Arrangements for storing inflatable members in their non-use or deflated condition; Arrangement or mounting of air bag modules or components in dashboards in the lower part of dashboards, e.g. for protecting the knees

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

本発明は、操舵装置に組み込まれたエアバッグを有する自動車の乗員拘束システムに関する。衝突時に操舵装置は位置決めされ、エアバッグ展開の作動決定及びエアバッグの展開特性が制御ユニットによって決定され、制御ユニットの入力信号が、衝突検知センサシステム信号と、少なくとも１つのシート位置検知手段及び車両運転者の形態学的データの感知用センサシステムを有する乗員室センサシステム信号とを含む。衝突時に運転席の電動シート調整装置は、制御ユニットによって適応した方法で作動される。  The present invention relates to a vehicle occupant restraint system having an air bag incorporated in a steering device. The steering device is positioned at the time of a collision, the operation determination of the airbag deployment and the deployment characteristics of the airbag are determined by the control unit, the input signal of the control unit is the collision detection sensor system signal, at least one seat position detection means and the vehicle A passenger compartment sensor system signal having a sensor system for sensing driver morphological data. In the event of a collision, the electric seat adjustment device in the driver's seat is operated in a manner adapted by the control unit.

Description

本発明は、操舵装置に組み込まれたエアバッグを有する自動車の乗員拘束システムに関し、衝突時に操舵装置の位置及びエアバッグ展開の作動特性及びエアバッグの展開特性が制御ユニットによって決定され、制御ユニットの入力信号が、衝突検知センサシステム信号と、特許請求項１で詳細に規定された種類の乗員室センサシステム信号とを含む、乗員拘束システムに関する。   The present invention relates to an occupant restraint system for an automobile having an airbag incorporated in a steering device, and the position of the steering device, the operation characteristics of airbag deployment, and the deployment characteristics of the airbag are determined by a control unit at the time of a collision. The present invention relates to an occupant restraint system in which the input signal comprises a collision detection sensor system signal and an occupant compartment sensor system signal of the type defined in detail in claim 1.

比較的新しい設計の乗用車と商用車は、衝突時に乗員及び、適切な場合には、事故に巻き込まれた第三者に対する事故の激しさを軽減する予防安全装置（パッシブ・セーフティ・デバイス）及び衝突安全装置（アクティブ・セーフティ・デバイス）を有する。   Relatively new designs of passenger cars and commercial vehicles can be used to prevent and reduce the severity of accidents to occupants and, where appropriate, third parties involved in an accident. Has a safety device (active safety device).

エアバッグ、及び、シートベルトプリテンション装置を有するシートベルトなどの通例の拘束手段に加えて、先行技術には、衝突時に乗員を保護するための拘束効果及び／又はエネルギー吸収効果を有する別の制御可能な乗員保護手段が開示されている。例えば衝撃変位要素、クッション及びヘッドレストであり、その大きさ、硬さ、形状及び位置を作動手段を使用して変化させることができる。目前に迫る衝撃に対して乗員を適切な状態にするために、乗員を位置決めするための装置も使用され、これには、例えば、ヘッドレスト調整手段及びシートベルトプリテンション装置が挙げられる。   In addition to conventional restraining means such as airbags and seat belts with seat belt pretensioning devices, the prior art also includes another control with restraining and / or energy absorbing effects to protect the occupant in the event of a collision. Possible occupant protection measures are disclosed. For example, impact displacement elements, cushions and headrests, whose size, hardness, shape and position can be changed using actuation means. Devices for positioning the occupant are also used to bring the occupant into an appropriate state against the impending impact, including, for example, a headrest adjustment means and a seat belt pretensioning device.

運転者は自動車のハンドルによって特別な危険性にさらされる。このため、実際に操舵装置は、起こりうる事故前に予防的にあらかじめアクティブ化され、いわゆる衝突前フェーズ、すなわち対応する検出システムによって事故の確率が高いことを検出してから実際の衝撃までの時間、を使用して、乗員を直前に迫る事故に対してできるだけ保護する、いわゆるプレセーフシステムにしばしば組み込まれている。   The driver is exposed to special risks by the steering wheel of the car. For this reason, the steering device is actually pre-activated in a proactive manner before a possible accident, the so-called pre-collision phase, i.e. the time from the detection of the high probability of an accident by the corresponding detection system to the actual impact. Is often integrated into a so-called pre-safe system that protects the occupant as much as possible against the impending accident.

操舵装置の衝突位置への調整によって、乗員を保護することは、別の実施形態から知られている。   It is known from another embodiment to protect the occupant by adjusting the steering device to the collision position.

例えば、特許文献１には、エアバッグの直線方向への作動を確実にするハンドルコラムの調整が開示されている。特許文献２及び特許文献３には、それぞれ衝突時にハンドルの角度を変更する可能な方法が記載されている。   For example, Patent Document 1 discloses adjustment of a handle column that ensures the operation of an airbag in a linear direction. Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 each describe a possible method of changing the handle angle at the time of a collision.

しかしながら、これらの解決方法では、運転者のハンドルからの距離、従って通常ステアリングコラムの中心位置に取付けられるエアバッグからの距離が考慮されていないか、又は不十分にしか考慮されておらず、その結果運転者がハンドルに直近して位置している時にエアバッグが作動すると、ある状況下では、衝突時に運転者に不利な影響をもたらし得ることがある。   However, these solutions do not take into account or only take into account the distance from the driver's steering wheel, and thus the distance from the airbag that is normally mounted at the center of the steering column. As a result, if the airbag is activated when the driver is in close proximity to the steering wheel, under certain circumstances, the driver may be adversely affected during a collision.

特許文献４には、指定シートの軸方向位置を検出し、それに応じてエアバッグの展開特性、とりわけエアバッグの力を制御するエアバッグ制御装置が開示されている。さらに、シートに位置する、乗員の形態学的データの感知用センサを提供し、エアバッグの作動時にこのデータを考慮することが提案されている。記載された解決方法では、バックミラーのセンサによって運転者の頭の位置が判断されることが提供される。   Patent Document 4 discloses an airbag control device that detects the axial position of a designated seat and controls the deployment characteristics of the airbag, in particular, the force of the airbag, in accordance therewith. Further, it has been proposed to provide a sensor for sensing occupant morphological data located in the seat and to take this data into account when the airbag is activated. The described solution provides that the position of the driver's head is determined by a sensor in the rearview mirror.

英国特許出願公開第ＧＢ２ ３４０ ０６ Ａ号明細書GB2 340 06 A UK Patent Application Publication No. 米国特許５，９８４，３５５号明細書US Pat. No. 5,984,355 米国特許５，５０７，５２１号明細書US Pat. No. 5,507,521 仏国特許発明第２ ７６１ ０３２号明細書French patent invention No. 2 761 032 specification

本発明の目的は、これらの公知の保護装置を基礎として取り入れて、衝突時に調整され得る操舵装置と、それに組み込まれるエアバッグの利点を利用して、衝突時に運転者とエアバッグとの最適距離を確保し、エアバッグの最適な拘束効果が確実となるまでさらに改良される乗員拘束システムを提供することである。   The object of the present invention is based on these known protective devices and uses the advantages of a steering device that can be adjusted in the event of a collision and the airbag incorporated therein, and the optimum distance between the driver and the airbag in the event of a collision. To provide an occupant restraint system that is further improved until an optimal restraint effect of the airbag is ensured.

本発明によれば、この目的は、操舵装置に組み込まれたエアバッグを有する自動車の乗員拘束システムによって、すなわち、衝突時に、操舵装置の位置及びエアバッグ展開の作動決定及びエアバッグの展開特性が制御ユニットによって決定され、制御ユニットの入力信号が、衝突検知センサシステム信号と、少なくとも１つのシート位置検知手段及び運転者の形態学的データの感知用センサシステムを有する乗員室センサシステム信号とを含み、衝突時に制御ユニットはさらに運転席の電動シート調整装置を適応した方法で作動させる、当該乗員拘束システムによって達成される。   According to the present invention, this object is achieved by an occupant restraint system for an automobile having an airbag incorporated in a steering device, i.e., at the time of a collision, the position of the steering device and the operation of airbag deployment and the deployment characteristics of the airbag. The control unit input signal includes a collision detection sensor system signal and a passenger compartment sensor system signal having at least one seat position detection means and a sensor system for sensing driver morphological data. In the event of a collision, the control unit is further achieved by means of the occupant restraint system, which activates the electric seat adjustment device in the driver's seat in an adapted manner.

本発明は、通常現代の自動車にはいずれも備わっている安全・快適システムの簡単な方法を利用して、衝突前フェーズにおいて最適な方法で運転者とエアバッグやそのハンドルの出口フラップとの間の距離を設定する。冒頭に引用した特許文献の１つに詳細が記載されている方法に従って構成されるハンドルの調整、段階的な又は可変のエアバッグ展開プロセス、及び電動シート調整装置の同時作動の連係作動によって、操舵装置が一方的に調整されるだけの場合に比べて極めて短時間で、運転者が最適な方法で位置決めされる。   The present invention takes advantage of the simple method of safety and comfort systems normally found in all modern automobiles, in an optimal way during the pre-crash phase between the driver and the airbag or its handle's exit flap. Set the distance. Steering by coordinated operation of steering wheel adjustment, step-by-step or variable airbag deployment process and simultaneous operation of the electric seat adjustment device constructed according to the method described in detail in one of the patent documents cited at the beginning. The driver is positioned in an optimal manner in a very short time compared to the case where the device is only adjusted unilaterally.

本発明による乗員拘束システムの非常に有利な実施形態において、運転者の形態学的データの感知用センサシステムは、運転席に組み込まれ、好ましくは、通常いずれも備わっているシート使用感知システムの構成要素である少なくとも１つの重量センサを有し得る。   In a very advantageous embodiment of the occupant restraint system according to the invention, the sensor system for sensing the morphological data of the driver is integrated into the driver's seat, preferably a seat use sensing system configuration usually provided with both It may have at least one weight sensor that is an element.

運転者の重量に加えて、運転者の体の大きさが、車両の長手方向と高さ双方の軸方向に互いに適応されるハンドルと運転席の、最適位置をもたらすための重要な特性変数を構成する。   In addition to the driver's weight, the driver's body size is an important characteristic variable for the optimal position of the steering wheel and the driver's seat that are adapted to each other in the longitudinal and height axial directions of the vehicle. Constitute.

このために、運転者の形態学的データの感知用センサシステムは運転者の大きさを感知し、好ましくは運転者の頭の位置を感知する少なくとも１つのセンサを有すると有利である。これは、例えば、車両の内天井張り領域又は中央バックミラー領域又はヘッドレスト領域に取付けられ得る公知の容量センサによって可能である。   To this end, it is advantageous if the sensor system for sensing the morphological data of the driver has at least one sensor which senses the size of the driver and preferably senses the position of the driver's head. This is possible, for example, by known capacitive sensors that can be mounted in the interior ceiling area or central rearview mirror area or headrest area of the vehicle.

本発明による乗員拘束システムの利点及び有利な改良形態はさらに、説明、図面、及び特許請求の範囲から明らかになる。   Advantages and advantageous improvements of the occupant restraint system according to the present invention will become further apparent from the description, drawings and claims.

図面には、本発明による乗員拘束システムの例示的実施形態が、基本形状で示され、下記で詳細が説明される。   In the drawings, an exemplary embodiment of an occupant restraint system according to the present invention is shown in basic form and is described in detail below.

図面は、運転者２が操舵装置４の前にある運転席３に座っている、自動車１の運転者領域の詳細な概略側面図を示す。   The drawing shows a detailed schematic side view of the driver area of the automobile 1, in which the driver 2 sits in the driver's seat 3 in front of the steering device 4.

操舵装置４として、ハンドル５及びステアリングコラム６の一部、ならびにステアリングコラム６及びハンドル５の調整用装置７が概略的に示されている。ステアリングコラム６の調整用装置７は、ここでは、ステアリングコラム６を図の矢印８に従って軸方向に調整するため、図の矢印９に従って垂直に調整するため、及び旋回するために使用され得る。   As the steering device 4, a part of the steering wheel 5 and the steering column 6 and a device 7 for adjusting the steering column 6 and the steering wheel 5 are schematically shown. The device 7 for adjusting the steering column 6 can here be used for adjusting the steering column 6 axially according to the arrow 8 in the figure, vertically adjusting according to the arrow 9 in the figure, and for turning.

さらに、ステアリングコラム６には、ハンドル５に対して中心にエアバッグ１０が取付けられ、前記エアバッグの出口フラップ１１が本質的にハンドル５に対して中心に取付けられているのが明白である。いわゆる膝クッション要素１２が、運転者２用のさらなる保護装置として操舵装置４の下に設けられる。   Furthermore, it is clear that the steering column 6 has an airbag 10 attached centrally with respect to the handle 5 and an outlet flap 11 of the airbag is essentially attached centrally with respect to the handle 5. A so-called knee cushion element 12 is provided under the steering device 4 as a further protection device for the driver 2.

運転席３は、主構成部品として、シート下部１３と、背もたれ１４と、ヘッドレスト１５とを有し、シート下部１３は、図において、本質的に公知であるシートレール１６上で、矢印１７に従って軸方向において長手方向に調整可能である。このために設けられた電動シート調整装置２０も、運転席３又はシート下部１３、及び接合装置１９によってそこに接続される背もたれ１４の高さを矢印１８に従って調整可能角度な傾斜に調整させる。   The driver's seat 3 has a seat lower part 13, a backrest 14, and a headrest 15 as main components. The seat lower part 13 is pivoted according to an arrow 17 on a seat rail 16 that is essentially known in the figure. It is adjustable in the longitudinal direction in the direction. The electric seat adjusting device 20 provided for this purpose also adjusts the height of the driver's seat 3 or the seat lower portion 13 and the backrest 14 connected thereto by the joining device 19 to an inclination with an adjustable angle according to the arrow 18.

運転席３の軸方向位置は、シートレール１６上の少なくとも１つのセンサ２１によって判断される一方、垂直方向位置は、シート底面に取付けられたセンサ２２によって判断され、背もたれ１４の角度位置は、接合装置１９に取付けられたセンサ２４によって判断される。さらに、ヘッドレスト１５の位置は、センサ２３によって判断される。   The axial position of the driver's seat 3 is determined by at least one sensor 21 on the seat rail 16, while the vertical position is determined by a sensor 22 attached to the bottom surface of the seat, and the angular position of the backrest 14 is This is determined by a sensor 24 attached to the device 19. Further, the position of the headrest 15 is determined by the sensor 23.

示される実施形態では、図で拡大して示され、エアバッグ１０の出口フラップ１１に取付けられているセンサ３１が、運転者２のハンドル５からの距離Ｄ１を感知するために設けられている。センサ３１は、距離計測センサの任意の公知の設計で供され得るが、センサ３１が容量センサとして供されると特に有利である。   In the embodiment shown, a sensor 31 shown enlarged in the drawing and attached to the outlet flap 11 of the airbag 10 is provided for sensing the distance D1 from the handle 5 of the driver 2. The sensor 31 can be provided in any known design of distance measuring sensors, but it is particularly advantageous if the sensor 31 is provided as a capacitive sensor.

これらのセンサを含む乗員室センサシステム３０の全データが、制御ユニット２５に入力される。制御ユニット２５は、例えば、シート調整検知システム２８のセンサ２１、２２、２３、２４への接続と同様に、電気−電動シート調整装置２０へ、操舵装置４の調整装置７へ、シートベルトプリテンションシステム２６へ、及び中央衝突検知センサ２７への接続も有する。衝突が目前に迫っている状況が衝突検知センサ２７によって検知されると、運転者２のハンドル５やエアバッグ出口フラップ１１からの距離Ｄ１に対する操舵装置４と運転席３の最適位置は、別の保護装置、特にシートベルトプリテンション装置２６を適応した方法で作動させることにより制御ユニット２５によって設定される。   All data of the passenger compartment sensor system 30 including these sensors is input to the control unit 25. For example, the control unit 25 is connected to the electric-electric seat adjusting device 20, to the adjusting device 7 of the steering device 4, and to the seat belt pretension, similarly to the connection to the sensors 21, 22, 23, 24 of the seat adjustment detection system 28. It also has connections to the system 26 and to the central collision detection sensor 27. When the collision detection sensor 27 detects a situation in which a collision is imminent, the optimum positions of the steering device 4 and the driver's seat 3 with respect to the distance D1 from the steering wheel 5 and the airbag outlet flap 11 of the driver 2 are different from each other. It is set by the control unit 25 by actuating the protective device, in particular the seat belt pretensioning device 26, in an adapted manner.

運転者２の重量を検知するために、ここでは運転席３に組み込まれ、同時に、シート使用感知システムの構成要素である重量センサ３３、３４を有する、運転者２の形態学的データの感知用センサシステムが設けられると有用である。   In order to detect the weight of the driver 2, here it is incorporated in the driver's seat 3 and at the same time has weight sensors 33, 34 which are components of the seat use sensing system for sensing the morphological data of the driver 2. It is useful if a sensor system is provided.

さらに、運転者２の形態学的データの感知用センサシステムは、運転者２の体の大きさを判断し、示される実施形態で、運転者２の頭２Ａの位置を感知するセンサ３２を有する。頭２Ａの位置判断用のセンサ３２は、図示されるように、車両の内天井張り３５領域に取付けられ得るか、又は例えば、中央バックミラー、サンバイザ３７又はヘッドレスト１５に組み込まれ得る。頭の位置を判断するために使用されるセンサ３２は、ここで、容量センサとして有利に供される。   Further, the sensor system for sensing the morphological data of the driver 2 has a sensor 32 for determining the size of the driver 2's body and sensing the position of the head 2A of the driver 2 in the embodiment shown. . The sensor 32 for determining the position of the head 2A can be attached to the interior ceiling 35 area of the vehicle, as shown, or can be incorporated into the central rearview mirror, sun visor 37 or headrest 15, for example. The sensor 32 used to determine the position of the head is here advantageously provided as a capacitive sensor.

このように獲得される運転者２の形態学的情報は、操舵装置４と運転席３を位置決めするための重要な特性変数を構成するだけでなく、非常に多種多様な運転者、運転状態及び事故状況用に制御ユニット２５に記憶された、エアバッグ１０の展開特性の選択にも重要である。展開特性は、展開速度及び展開力だけでなく、適切な場合、エアバッグ段階の選択及び経時的作動順序及び展開形状も含む。   The morphological information of the driver 2 obtained in this way not only constitutes important characteristic variables for positioning the steering device 4 and the driver's seat 3, but also a very wide variety of drivers, driving conditions and It is also important for the selection of the deployment characteristics of the airbag 10 stored in the control unit 25 for accident situations. Deployment characteristics include not only deployment speed and deployment force, but also the selection of airbag stages and the sequence of operation over time and deployment shape, as appropriate.

上述した制御ユニット２５の機能の全てが１つの中央制御ユニットで一体化されなくてよく、むしろ分散制御型モジュールでも処理され得ることは言うまでもない。   It goes without saying that all the functions of the control unit 25 described above do not have to be integrated in one central control unit, but rather can be processed in a distributed control module.

本発明による乗員拘束システムの基本形状を示す。1 shows a basic shape of an occupant restraint system according to the present invention.

Claims (9)

操舵装置（４）に組み込まれたエアバッグ（１０）を有する自動車の乗員拘束システムにおいて、
衝突時に前記操舵装置（４）の位置及び前記エアバッグ（１０）展開の作動決定及び前記エアバッグ（１０）の展開特性が、制御ユニット（２５）によって決定され、前記制御ユニット（２５）の入力信号が衝突検知センサシステム（２７）信号と、少なくとも１つのシート位置検知手段（２８）及び運転者（２）の形態学的データの感知用センサシステム（３１、３２、３３、３４）を有する乗員室センサシステム（３０）信号とを含み、衝突時に前記制御ユニット（２５）はさらに運転席（３）の電動シート調整装置（２０）を適応した方法で作動させる、乗員拘束システム。 In an automobile occupant restraint system having an airbag (10) incorporated in a steering device (4),
At the time of collision, the position of the steering device (4), the operation determination of the deployment of the airbag (10) and the deployment characteristics of the airbag (10) are determined by the control unit (25) and input to the control unit (25). Occupants having a collision detection sensor system (27) signal and a sensor system (31, 32, 33, 34) for sensing morphological data of at least one seat position detection means (28) and driver (2) An occupant restraint system, including a room sensor system (30) signal, wherein the control unit (25) further activates the electric seat adjustment device (20) of the driver's seat (3) in an adapted manner in the event of a collision. 前記運転者（２）の形態学的データの感知用センサシステムは、前記運転席（３）に組み込まれ、好ましくはシート使用感知手段の構成要素である少なくとも１つの重量センサ（３３、３４）を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の乗員拘束システム。   The sensor system for sensing the morphological data of the driver (2) includes at least one weight sensor (33, 34) which is incorporated in the driver seat (3) and is preferably a component of the seat use sensing means. The occupant restraint system according to claim 1. 前記運転者（２）の形態学的データの感知用センサシステムは、運転者（２）の大きさを判断し、好ましくは運転者（２）の頭（２Ａ）の位置を感知する少なくとも１つのセンサ（３２）を有することを特徴とする請求項１あるいは２に記載の乗員拘束システム。   The sensor system for sensing the morphological data of the driver (2) determines at least one size of the driver (2) and preferably senses the position of the head (2A) of the driver (2). The occupant restraint system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a sensor (32). 前記運転者（２）の頭（２Ａ）の位置判断用センサ（３２）は、車両の内天井張り（３５）領域か又はヘッドレスト（１５）領域に取付けられ、前記センサ（３２）は好ましくは容量センサとして供されることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の乗員拘束システム。   A sensor (32) for position determination of the driver (2) 's head (2A) is attached to the interior ceiling (35) region or the headrest (15) region of the vehicle, and the sensor (32) is preferably a capacitor. The occupant restraint system according to claim 3, wherein the occupant restraint system is provided as a sensor. 衝突時に前記電動シート調整装置（２０）は、シート要素（１３、１４、１５）、特にシート下部（１３）、背もたれ（１４）、及びヘッドレスト（１５）の垂直方向構成及び軸方向位置を前記制御ユニット（２５）の信号に応じて設定することを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１項に記載の乗員拘束システム。   In the event of a collision, the electric seat adjustment device (20) controls the vertical configuration and axial position of the seat elements (13, 14, 15), in particular the lower seat (13), the backrest (14), and the headrest (15). It sets according to the signal of a unit (25), The passenger | crew restraint system of any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記乗員室センサシステム（３０）は、運転者（２）の前記操舵装置（４）のハンドル（５）からの距離（Ｄ１）を感知するためのセンサ（３１）を有することを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１項に記載の乗員拘束システム。   The passenger compartment sensor system (30) includes a sensor (31) for sensing a distance (D1) of a driver (2) from a steering wheel (5) of the steering device (4). Item 6. The passenger restraint system according to any one of Items 1 to 5. 前記運転者（２）の前記ハンドル（５）からの距離（Ｄ１）感知用センサ（３１）は、前記エアバッグ（１０）の出口フラップ（１１）に取付けられることを特徴とする請求項６に記載の乗員拘束システム。   The distance (D1) sensing sensor (31) from the steering wheel (5) of the driver (2) is attached to an outlet flap (11) of the airbag (10). The occupant restraint system described. 前記運転者（２）の前記ハンドル（５）からの距離（Ｄ１）感知用センサ（３１）は、容量センサとして供されることを特徴とする請求項６あるいは７に記載の乗員拘束システム。   The occupant restraint system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the sensor (31) for detecting the distance (D1) of the driver (2) from the steering wheel (5) is provided as a capacitive sensor. 衝突時に前記制御ユニット（２５）は、さらにベルトプリテンション装置（２６）を適応した方法で作動させることを特徴とする請求項１〜８のいずれか１項に記載の乗員拘束システム。   9. The occupant restraint system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control unit (25) further activates the belt pretensioning device (26) in an adapted manner during a collision.
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CN105480183A (en) * 2014-10-06 2016-04-13 福特全球技术公司 Multi-stage airbags in vehicle with reconfigurable interior
CN105480183B (en) * 2014-10-06 2019-04-19 福特全球技术公司 Multi-stage air bag in vehicle with restructural inside
CN115031997A (en) * 2022-06-21 2022-09-09 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Method and device for reducing injury of passengers due to collision of side pillars of whole vehicle
CN115031997B (en) * 2022-06-21 2024-06-04 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Method and device for reducing injury of side column collision passenger of whole vehicle

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