DE102017131121A1 - Vehicle occupant protection system, vehicle seat and method for deploying an airbag - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle occupant protection system (2) with an airbag module which comprises at least one airbag (4) and a gas generator, wherein the airbag module is installed in a vehicle seat (8), in particular in a backrest (10) of the vehicle seat (8). or integrated, wherein the gas bag (4) at least one main chamber (14) and a stabilizing element (16), wherein the main chamber (14) in a deployed and filled state of the gas bag (4) in front of the vehicle occupant (6) is arranged and wherein the gas bag (4) surrounds a vehicle occupant (6) in the unfolded and filled state at least partially cocoon-like. The invention further relates to a method for deploying an airbag (4) of an airbag module for protecting a vehicle occupant (6) in a restraint situation, wherein the airbag module is arranged with the airbag (4) in a vehicle seat (8) and the airbag (4) a gas generator can be filled, wherein the gas bag (4) encloses the vehicle occupant (6) in an unfolded and filled state at least partially cocoon-like.

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle occupant protection system according to the preamble of claim 1, a vehicle seat according to claim 10, an autonomously mobile vehicle according to claim 11 and a method for deploying an airbag in a restraint situation according to the preamble of claim 12.

State of the art

In automated or autonomous driving, the driver will no longer need to constantly monitor the system or vehicle. Rather, the vehicle independently performs functions such as triggering the turn signal, lane change and tracking. This allows the driver to assume a comfortable position in any seat adjustment within a given seat adjustment field.

In addition, new vehicle concepts allow new interior designs, eg. B. with much slimmer instrument panels and new steering wheel concepts. Furthermore, vehicle concepts are known in which the vehicle seat of the passenger or vehicle seats of rear seat passengers are arranged around a vertical axis rotatable in the vehicle interior. In the case of an autonomously or automatically driving vehicle, the possibility can also be given that the driver can also turn his seat around a vertical axis.

One result of the changes described above is that the occupant protection concept of a vehicle can no longer be developed, as it does today, to specific standard positions of the vehicle seats, but the vehicle occupants receive more degrees of freedom with respect to their employment and positions in the interior. In particular, this can result in a seating position which is clearly outside a range of a previous standard position of the vehicle seat. This has the consequence that the relative positions of the vehicle occupants to the usually fixed to the vehicle structure safety systems, such as seat belts and airbags, vary while driving and compared to the standard position range, the distances can be significantly increased depending on the situation. Furthermore, the relative position of the vehicle occupants can deviate in such a way that security systems installed on the vehicle structure can not or can not fully develop their effect.

Known solutions to counteract this problem, for example, airbags with enlarged volumes, larger coverage areas, larger or multi-stage gas generators, adjustments by possibly switchable designed openings ("vents"), or variable shapes by tear seams or possibly connected tethers. In addition, seat-integrated safety belt systems are already known in the field of safety belts.

However, an increase in the inflatable airbag systems is limited by various factors. However, for example, increased airbag volumes or areas of action will result in longer periods of time to reach the effective position of the airbags. In addition, for example, in the case of a vehicle seat which is rotated about the vertical axis and due to a changed airbag geometry, effective protection for the vehicle occupant may possibly not be achieved by an airbag system permanently installed in the vehicle structure.

The already known seat-integrated safety belt systems already bring advantages with respect to a deviation from the standard position in a vehicle longitudinal direction. However, even with these systems, large distances still have to be overcome in order to achieve a safe retention effect of the inflatable restraint systems. In addition, these seat-integrated seat belt systems can not or only partially contribute to the fact that in a vehicle seat twisted about the vertical axis with a fixedly installed in the vehicle structure airbag system sufficient protection can be achieved.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a vehicle occupant protection system that achieves a sufficient protective effect regardless of a position of the vehicle seat and thus of the vehicle occupant. A further object of the invention is to provide a vehicle seat for autonomously and / or automatically mobile vehicles in which, in a restraint situation, sufficient protection for the vehicle occupant can be achieved. In addition, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for the deployment process of a gas bag of such a position of the vehicle seat independent vehicle occupant protection system.

Solution of the task

To achieve the object, the features according to claim 1 and claims 10, 11 and 12. Advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims.

An inventive vehicle occupant protection system has an airbag module that includes at least one airbag and a gas generator. The gas bag module of the invention Vehicle occupant protection system is installed and / or integrated in a vehicle seat. Preferably, the gas bag module is integrated in the backrest of the vehicle seat. The vehicle seat, in which the gas bag module is installed and / or integrated, can be displaced in a typical embodiment in the vehicle longitudinal direction and / or in the vehicle transverse direction and / or rotated about a vertical axis. As a result, in particular seat positions can be achieved, which are clearly outside a range of a standard position of the vehicle seat.

The gas bag of the vehicle occupant protection system comprises at least one main chamber, which is arranged in a deployed and filled state of the gas bag in front of the vehicle occupant. Furthermore, the gas bag comprises a stabilizing element. The stabilizing element of the gas bag can in particular achieve targeted deployment of the gas bag around a vehicle occupant, so that the gas bag encloses the vehicle occupant in the unfolded and filled state at least partially in a cocoon-like manner. In a preferred embodiment, the stabilizing element is designed as a tubular airbag chamber.

In a preferred embodiment, the unfolded and filled gas bag encloses the vehicle occupant in the region of the upper body. In particular, the body region, which extends approximately from the area of the hip up to and including the head, is described by the upper body. Preferably, the gas bag is designed such that it has an opening in the unfolded and filled state in an upper region. The opening is designed such that a head of the vehicle occupant is not enclosed on an upper side by the gas bag. In order to achieve the highest possible protective effect through the gas bag, the head of the vehicle occupant is laterally and forwards surrounded by the gas bag.

In one embodiment, the gas bag may further comprise at least one deployment chamber. In an unfolded state, the gas bag preferably has at least one unfolding chamber on both sides of the vehicle occupant. In one embodiment, the unfolding chambers are part-circular and / or arcuate in a deployed and filled state. In the unfolded and filled state, the unfolding chambers preferably extend from the backrest of the vehicle seat toward the stabilizing element of the gas bag.

In a typical embodiment, by filling the unfolding chambers, a rotation of the stabilizing element directed from the backrest towards the seat surface of the vehicle seat can be triggered and / or assisted. Furthermore, the rotations can be supported by the backrest to the seat by filling the main chamber.

In one embodiment, the unfolding chamber can also be designed as a side airbag element for protecting the head-thorax region of the vehicle occupant.

Together with the vehicle seat, in particular the backrest and the headrest of the vehicle seat, the unfolded and filled gas bag of the vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention encloses the vehicle occupant in a cocoon-like manner. By the cocoon-like enclosing, in which the gas bag surrounds the vehicle occupant laterally and frontally, in particular in the region of the upper body, sufficient vehicle occupant protection can also be achieved if the vehicle seat is outside the range of a standard position. In particular, a protection for the vehicle occupant can be achieved thereby, provided that the vehicle seat is rotated about its vertical axis.

The gas bag module is arranged in a typical embodiment in the backrest of the vehicle seat. Preferably, the gas bag module is arranged in an upper region of the backrest, which comprises the headrest of the vehicle seat. In particular, the upper two-thirds of the backrest of the vehicle seat in the vehicle vertical direction should be covered by the upper region.

The airbag module is preferably arranged in the backrest of the vehicle seat such that the folded airbag of the airbag module in the vehicle seat extends from a side cheek of the backrest over the region of the headrest toward the opposite side cheek of the backrest.

The gas bag module comprises at least one gas generator for filling the individual chambers of the gas bag. In one embodiment, the gas bag module may comprise a multi-stage gas generator. In an airbag module with a multi-stage gas generator, for example, the first stage can be used to fill the tubular airbag chamber and the deployment chamber (s). The second stage could be used in this embodiment for filling the main chamber. Furthermore, there is also the possibility that the gas bag module comprises a plurality of gas generators, for example two gas generators. These can be arranged in the gas bag module, for example, in each case in the region of a side cheek.

Alternatively, the vehicle occupant protection system may include further retaining elements. Such retention elements may be, for example, only a seat-integrated safety belt system or further gas bag modules.

In an embodiment, the vehicle occupant protection system may further comprise a retaining element integrated into the vehicle seat and / or operatively connected to the vehicle seat. The retaining element may for example be integrated in the vehicle seat structure. The retaining element can in particular assist a forward displacement of the vehicle occupant. This can be necessary, for example, to achieve the highest possible protective effect of the gas bag. For this purpose, the individual components of the vehicle occupant protection system are preferably coupled to one another or coordinated with one another via a controller.

Furthermore, the present invention comprises a method for deploying a gas bag of a gas bag module for protecting a vehicle occupant in a restraint situation, for example an accident event. The gas bag module with the gas bag is arranged in a vehicle seat and the gas bag can be filled via a gas generator. The gas bag encloses the vehicle occupant in an unfolded and filled state at least partially cocooned. The gas bag module is preferably an airbag module of the vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention.

1. a) Aktivierung des Gassackmoduls durch eine Gassacksteuerung;
2. b) Bilden des bogenförmigen Stabilisierungselements;
3. c) Befüllen der seitlich an dem Gassack angeordneten Entfaltungskammer durch den Gasgenerator, sodass der Gassack den Fahrzeuginsassen insbesondere im Bereich des Oberkörpers kokonartig umschließt; und
4. d) Befüllen der Hauptkammer des Gassacks durch den Gasgenerator.

The method comprises at least the following steps a) to d):

1. a) activation of the gas bag module by a gas bag control;
2. b) forming the arcuate stabilizing element;
3. c) filling the unfolding chamber arranged laterally on the gas bag by the gas generator so that the gas bag encloses the vehicle occupant in a cocoon-like manner, in particular in the region of the upper body; and
4. d) filling the main chamber of the gas bag by the gas generator.

Activation of the gas bag module - step a) - is triggered by the gas bag control on the basis of sensor data. By activating the gas bag module, first the arcuate stabilization element - step b) - is formed. The stabilization element is used in the case of activation of the gas bag module as an element that is formed by the activation of the gas bag module such that it spans the vehicle occupant arcuately. The stabilizing element in a typical embodiment is a tubular airbag chamber. To form the stabilizing element, the tubular chamber is filled with gas by the gas generator of the gas bag module. The stabilizing element, in particular the tubular chamber, is arranged in the folded state of the gas bag at its front end. The formation of the stabilizing element also ensures that the gas bag exits the vehicle seat at the designated exit points.

After the stabilizing element has been formed, the at least one unfolding chamber of the gas bag is filled with gas by the gas generator - step c). In a typical embodiment, the gas bag comprises one or more deployment chambers on both sides of the vehicle occupant. The filling of the unfolding chambers causes the stabilizing element in the further unfolding process of the airbag, starting from the backrest of the vehicle seat, rotates forwards and downwards. Due to the overstretching of the vehicle occupant caused by the stabilizing element, it can be achieved that the vehicle occupant cocooningly surrounds the gas bag by the forward-downward rotation of the vehicle occupant.

The required force or torque, which cause the forward and downward movement of the stabilizing element, are preferably generated by the filling of the unfolding chambers. For this purpose, the unfolding chambers are arranged in the gas bag such that a first end of the unfolding chamber is arranged in the region of the backrest and a second end of the unfolding chamber is arranged in the region of the stabilizing element. For example, the unfolding chambers may be arcuate and / or partially circular. The center of the arcuate and / or part-circular unfolding chambers lies in particular on both sides in a point of rotation about which the stabilizing element of the gas bag rotates during deployment in order to place the main chamber of the airbag in front of the vehicle occupant of the vehicle seat.

The filling of the tubular airbag chamber and / or the Entfaltungskammern can be done for example by the first stage of a multi-stage gas generator.

A filling of the main chamber of the gas bag - step d) - preferably takes place only with a time delay to the filling of the tubular gas bag chamber and the Entfaltungskammern to achieve the most effective placement of the main chamber in front of the vehicle occupant. The main chamber can be filled, for example, by the second stage of a multi-stage gas generator. Furthermore you can an access to the filling of the main chamber also be provided with a tear seam, which tears only when reaching a certain pressure at the entrance.

When completely filled, the vehicle occupant on the vehicle seat is thus completely enclosed by the gas bag. As a result, sufficient vehicle occupant protection can also be achieved if the vehicle seat is so outside a standard position that vehicle occupant protection systems permanently installed on the vehicle structure could not or only to a limited extent have their effect.

The vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention can furthermore have or be combined with vehicle occupant protection systems known to the person skilled in the art, such as, for example, seat-integrated side airbag modules.

The present invention is furthermore intended to protect a vehicle seat which has a vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention. The vehicle seat is intended in particular for use in an autonomously and / or automatically mobile vehicle. In addition, an autonomously mobile vehicle is to be protected, which has a vehicle seat according to the invention and / or an inventive vehicle occupant protection system.

list of figures

• - 1 a) und 1 b) eine schematische Seitenansicht bzw. Draufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Fahrzeuginsassenschutzsystem;
• - 2 a) bis d) eine schematische Seitenansicht des Entfaltungsvorgangs eines Gassacks des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeuginsassenschutzsystems;
• - 3 a bis d) eine schematische Vorderansicht des Entfaltungsvorgangs des Gassacks des Fahrzeuginsassenschutzsystems nach 2;
• - 4 a1) bis e2) verschiedene Ansichten eines Entfaltungsvorgangs eines Gassacks eines erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeuginsassenschutzsystems, wobei die Buchstabenindizes verschiedene Entfaltungszeitpunkte und die Zahlenindizes verschiedene Ansichten/Darstellungen zu dem jeweiligen Entfaltungszeitpunkt auf den Gassack bzw. das Fahrzeuginsassenschutzsystem kennzeichnen.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a non-limiting embodiment to be understood and from the drawings. These show in

• - 1 a) and 1 b) a schematic side view and top view of an inventive vehicle occupant protection system;
• - 2 a) to d) a schematic side view of the deployment process of a gas bag of the vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention;
• - 3 a to d) a schematic front view of the deployment process of the airbag of the vehicle occupant protection system according to 2 ;
• - 4 a1) to e2) various views of a deployment process of a gas bag of a vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention, wherein the letter indices different deployment times and the numerals indices different views / representations at the respective deployment time point on the gas bag or the vehicle occupant protection system.

In 1 is an embodiment of a vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention 2 in a side view - 1 a) - and a top view - 1 b) - shown. The vehicle occupant protection system 2 includes an airbag module 3 with a gas bag 4 and a gas generator, not shown. The gas bag module 3 is in a vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention 2 in the vehicle seat 8th , in particular in the backrest 10 , integrated or installed. In the illustrated embodiments, the backrest is 10 of the vehicle seat 8th in one piece with the headrest 32 educated. In the illustrated embodiment, the vehicle occupant is 6 in an upright seating position with a seat-belt attached 12 shown.

The gas bag 4 includes a main chamber 14 and a stabilizing element 16 , The stabilizing element 16 is in the illustrated embodiment as a tubular airbag chamber 18 educated. The tubular airbag chamber 18 lies in the unfolded and filled state of the gas bag 4 on the legs 28 of the vehicle occupant 6 on - 1 a) ,

The main chamber 14 is in a deployed and filled state of the gas bag 4 in front of the vehicle occupants 6 , especially in front of his upper body 26 arranged. On both sides of the vehicle occupant 6 spans a page element 22 on. In particular from 1 b) it will be apparent that the gas bag 4 of the vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention 2 In unfolded and filled condition the vehicle occupants 6 in the area of the upper body 26 , cocoon-like encloses. In an area above the head 40 shows the cocoon-like airbag 4 an opening on. To cocoon the vehicle occupant 8th to reach is the side element 22 of the gas bag 4 with the gas bag module 3 and / or the structure of the vehicle seat 8th connected by suitable fastening means.

In the 2 a) to 2 d) and 3 a) to 3 d) is schematically the deployment process of the gas bag 4 of the vehicle occupant protection system 2 out 1 shown in a side or front view.

The 2 a) and 3 a) show the vehicle occupant protection system 2 in a non-activated state before a restraint situation. The gas bag module 3 is in the backrest 26 of the vehicle seat 8th preferably below a cover of the vehicle seat 8th installed or integrated. The gas bag module 3 is in an upper and the headrest 32 extensive area of the backrest 10 arranged. The gas bag module 3 is in the backrest 10 of the vehicle seat 10 integrated so that the folded airbag 4 yourself in the Airbag module 3 in the backrest 10 from a side wall 38 of the vehicle seat 8th over the area of the headrest 32 of the vehicle seat 8th to the opposite side cheek 39 of the vehicle seat 8th extends.

The 2 B) and 3 b) show the gas bag 4 of the vehicle occupant protection system 2 immediately after activation of the gas bag module 3 by an airbag control unit (not shown). First, by the gas generator, the tubular airbag chamber 18 filled. The through the tubular airbag chamber 18 formed stabilizing element 16 spans the vehicle occupants 6 arcuate.

The 2 c) and 3 c) show the beginning of filling the main chamber 14 , By filling the main chamber 14 through the gas generator is a rotation of the stabilizing element 16 around the point of rotation 36 triggered. The rotation point 36 is in the illustrated embodiment on both sides in the region of a lower end of the gas bag module 3 arranged. The rotation of the stabilizing element depends here forward-bottom of the backrest 10 towards the seat 34 of the vehicle seat 8th , By the rotation of the stabilizing element 16 around the point of rotation 36 becomes the cocoon-like enclosure of the vehicle occupant 6 through the gas bag 4 caused.

The 2 d) and 3 d) show the fully unfolded and filled state of the gas bag 4 of the vehicle occupant protection system 2 , The page elements 22 can the vehicle occupants 6 in a restraint situation to the main chamber 14 even if the vehicle seat 8th around the vehicle's vertical axis 30 twisted is aligned to a standard position and the seat direction, for example, does not point in the direction of travel.

The 4 a) to e) schematically shows the deployment process of another embodiment of the vehicle occupant protection system according to the invention 2 , The main difference between the in the 1 to 3 illustrated vehicle occupant protection system 2 and the vehicle occupant protection system shown in FIG 2 is that the gas bag 4 the embodiment according to 4 additional unfolding chambers 20 see, see 4 b) to 4 e) ,

The 4a1) and 4a2) show a vehicle seat 8th with a vehicle safety system according to the invention 2 immediately after activation of the airbag module 3 , In 4 a1 ) is already the direction of rotation 24 of the stabilizing element 16 in a further unfolding course of the gas bag 4 shown.

The 4 a3 ) shows a cross section through the gas bag 4 from which it appears that initially the tubular gas bag chamber 18 is filled by the gas generator, which is the stabilizing element 16 forms.

The 4 b) and 4 c) put those from the backrest 10 to the seat 34 directed rotation around the point of rotation 36 in the direction of rotation 24 The rotation-inducing force or the rotation-inducing torque are achieved by filling the unfolding chambers arranged on both sides 20 generated.

The 4 d1) and 4 d2) show the gas bag 4 in a deployment state in which the deployment chambers 20 are completely filled. The 4 d1 ) shows that at this time filling the main chamber 14 of the gas bag 4 starts. As in 4 c) is suggested, the filling of the main chamber 14 also already before the complete filling of the unfolding chambers 20 respectively.

In addition, the shows 4 d1 ) that the unfolding chambers 20 the illustrated embodiment of the 4 have a part-circular or arcuate shape. The center of the arc or circle radii lies in the region of the point of rotation 36 , 4 d2 ) shows that the vehicle occupant not shown here 6 already cocooned by the gas bag at this time.

The 4e1) and 4e2) show the fully unfolded and filled airbag 4 of the vehicle occupant protection system 2 , Through the fully filled main chamber 14 and the unfolding chambers 20 The vehicle occupant is cocooned enclosed.

Through the side elements 22 that between the main chamber 14 and the unfolding chambers 20 are spanned, the areas are the side of the vehicle occupant 8th closed, not from the unfolding chambers 20 are covered. As a result, on the one hand, a movement of the vehicle occupant can also be restricted and, on the other hand, the vehicle occupant 6 to the filled main chamber 14 or the filled unfolding chambers 20 be directed.

The unfolding chambers 20 of the illustrated embodiment are designed such that they on the one hand, the deployment of the gas bag 4 support and on the other hand in the unfolded and filled state, a head and thorax side airbag element for the vehicle occupants 6 form.

If the vehicle seat 8th can be located in the region of the standard position by the two-sided arrangement of the unfolding 20 in a side impact or an oblique impact, the movement of the vehicle occupant 6 limited and thereby the resulting accelerations are reduced. In addition, the vehicle occupant protection in restraint situations can be improved, in which the vehicle seat 8th around the vehicle's vertical axis 30 was twisted.

Claims (15)

Vehicle occupant protection system (2) having an airbag module which comprises at least one airbag (4) and a gas generator, wherein the airbag module is installed and / or integrated in a vehicle seat (8), in particular in a backrest (10) of the vehicle seat (8), wherein the gas bag (4) comprises at least a main chamber (14) and a stabilizing element (16), wherein the main chamber (14) is arranged in a deployed and filled state of the gas bag (4) in front of the vehicle occupant (6), and wherein the gas bag (4) encloses a vehicle occupant (6) in an unfolded and filled state at least partially cocoon-like. Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the gas bag (4) has at least one unfolding chamber (20). Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the unfolding chamber (20) in the unfolded and filled state is a head-thorax side airbag element. Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas bag (4) encloses the vehicle occupant (6) in the region of the upper body (26) in a cocoon. Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stabilizing element (16) is a tubular airbag chamber (18). Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas generator is a multi-stage gas generator. Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas bag module in the backrest (10) of the vehicle seat (8), in particular in a vehicle in the vertical direction (30) upper and a headrest (32) comprising area of the backrest (10). of the vehicle seat (8) is arranged. Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to Claim 7 characterized in that the gas bag module is integrated in the backrest of the vehicle seat such that the gas bag (4) in a folded state of a side cheek (38) of the vehicle seat (8) over the region of the headrest (32) of the vehicle seat (8 ) extends to the opposite side cheek (39) of the vehicle seat (8). Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a filling of the deployment chamber (20) to a seat surface (34) of the vehicle seat (8) directed towards rotation of the stabilizing element (16) triggers. Vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a forward displacement of a vehicle occupant (6) by a in the vehicle seat (8) integrated and / or with the vehicle seat (8) is operatively connected retaining element. Vehicle seat (8), in particular for an autonomously and / or automatically mobile vehicle, characterized by a vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to one of the preceding claims. Autonomous mobile vehicle, characterized by a vehicle seat (8) according to Claim 11 and / or a vehicle occupant protection system (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 10 , Method for deploying a gas bag (4) of a gas bag module for protecting a vehicle occupant (6) in a restraint situation, wherein the gas bag module is arranged with the gas bag (4) in a vehicle seat (8) and the gas bag (4) can be filled via a gas generator, wherein the gas bag (4) encloses the vehicle occupant (6) in an unfolded and filled state at least partially cocoon-like, characterized by the following steps: - Activation of the gas bag module by a gas bag control; - Forming an arc-shaped stabilizing element (16); - Filling at least one side of the gas bag (4) arranged Entfaltungskammer (20) through the gas generator, so that the gas bag (4) the vehicle occupant (6) in particular in the region of the upper body (26) encloses cocoon-like; - Filling the main chamber (14) of the gas bag (4) by the gas generator. Method for unfolding an airbag (4) according to Claim 13 characterized in that the arcuate stabilizing element (16) is formed by a tubular airbag chamber (18), wherein the tubular gas bag chamber (18) can be filled by the gas generator. Method for unfolding an airbag (4) according to Claim 13 or 14 , characterized in that for filling the chambers of the gas bag (4) a multi-stage gas generator is used, wherein a first stage of the gas generator for forming the arcuate stabilizing element (16) and for filling the Entfaltungskammer (20) is used, and a second stage of Gas generator is used to fill the main chamber (14).

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