WO2005071337A1 - 炉の構造 - Google Patents
炉の構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005071337A1 WO2005071337A1 PCT/JP2004/000614 JP2004000614W WO2005071337A1 WO 2005071337 A1 WO2005071337 A1 WO 2005071337A1 JP 2004000614 W JP2004000614 W JP 2004000614W WO 2005071337 A1 WO2005071337 A1 WO 2005071337A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- wall member
- supply port
- air supply
- hearth
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
- F27B17/0041—Chamber type furnaces specially adapted for burning bricks or pottery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
- F27B17/0041—Chamber type furnaces specially adapted for burning bricks or pottery
- F27B17/0075—Heating devices therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
- F27B17/0083—Chamber type furnaces with means for circulating the atmosphere
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
Definitions
- the present invention mainly relates to a structure of a badge-type furnace used for firing ceramics, porcelain (hereinafter, referred to as an object to be fired), and the like. Background art
- the structure of this type of furnace already includes the structure of the furnace proposed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Hei 7-190631, 7-1906332, and (See Kaihei 7-2088868), that is, a furnace body and a furnace lid member are provided on the hearth member that constitute the furnace space for storing the material to be fired, and a flame is introduced into the center of the hearth member.
- a mouth is provided, which communicates with an exhaust member for exhaust from the center top (furnace top) of the furnace space through an exhaust passage provided in the center of the furnace lid member, and a furnace base below the hearth member.
- a crater member which is located at the top and has a combustion section serving as a flame generation source and a combustion air supply port.
- a double-structured furnace that forms the outer and inner peripheries of the furnace body while leaving a heat insulating space in between is often used because of its excellent heat insulation.
- lightweight refractory materials made by molding ceramic fibers to the required shape and thickness by means such as compression molding are used for the wall members, furnace lid members, and hearth members that constitute the outer and inner circumferences of the furnace body.
- the lightweight refractory material has excellent heat insulation properties due to the characteristics of the material, and has a small heat capacity, so that the temperature inside the furnace can be efficiently increased.
- the air density inside the insulation gap is reduced to the vacuum side by the ejector effect at the time of exhaust from the furnace body, so that the heat insulation is fully exhibited, and the temperature inside the furnace is rapidly increased with less heat energy It has the characteristic that it can maintain a high temperature state.
- this furnace can be installed and used for pottery, porcelain (fired material). ) Can be fired, and the final finished product can be easily obtained even in places where there is no conventional refractory brick furnace. For this reason, this type of furnace is For any purpose, the benefits of easy-to-use at a nursing home or a gathering for enjoying clay works, or as part of emotional education at schools or educational facilities, will be gained.
- the problem with the structure of such a furnace is that it can be controlled by fire, and since ancient times it has been touching the essence of ceramic technology, and most of it has been concealed as know-how. However, it is very difficult for an inexperienced or inexperienced person to fire a kiln, even if an instructor is present. Furthermore, the structure of the furnace using lightweight refractory materials for the wall member, furnace cover member, and hearth member that constitute the outer and inner perimeters of the furnace body has good thermal efficiency, and the furnace temperature rises immediately after the use of the firearm. There is a fear that cracks or breakage may occur due to the rise of the material to be fired (such as clay works) and the difference in thermal expansion with the inside. This effect is particularly significant when using gas firers that use charcoal, coke, firewood, etc. as a heat source because it is difficult to control the temperature.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of cracks and breakage of a material to be fired by adding a simple structure to achieve adjustment of the furnace temperature. And This is because the temperature in the furnace is adjusted until the moisture in the material to be fired sufficiently escapes, the required components in the composition exceed the melting point, and the vitrification exhibits the internal bridging effect. That is the main technical basis.
- a furnace body and a furnace lid member constituting a furnace interior space for accommodating an object to be fired are provided on a hearth member.
- a flame inlet is provided at the center, and an exhaust passage provided at the center of the furnace lid member is provided.
- a flame is provided below the hearth member on a furnace base.
- a crater member comprising a combustion part serving as a generation source and a combustion air supply port thereof is configured, and the hearth member or the furnace body is located above or above the flame introduction port, There is an additional air supply port communicating from the outside, and the additional air supply port is provided with opening / closing means capable of adjusting the cross section of the air flow from fully open to fully closed.
- the hearth member, the furnace body and the furnace lid member are made of a lightweight refractory material formed by molding ceramic fibers, and the furnace body is made into a cylindrical shape.
- a heat insulating gap is formed between the inner wall member and the outer wall member, and a lower end side of the heat insulating gap is closed.
- the furnace has a double structure in which a communication passage communicating with the exhaust passage through the top of the furnace internal space surrounded by the inner wall member from the heat insulating gap is provided. It is effective because it can exhibit excellent performance and easy installation conditions.
- the hearth member, the furnace body and the furnace lid member are made of a lightweight refractory material formed by molding ceramic fibers, and the furnace body is a cylindrical inner wall member, and A cylindrical outer wall member arranged so as to surround the inner wall member, and the inner wall surface of the outer wall member on the outer peripheral side of the inner wall member is configured as a mirror surface or a white surface for heat reflection. This is effective in improving the effect of temperature rise.
- the hearth member, the furnace body, and the furnace lid member are made of a lightweight refractory material formed by molding ceramic fibers, and the furnace body is a cylindrical inner wall member, and A cylindrical outer wall member disposed so as to surround the insulating wall member, and a heat insulating gap is formed between the inner wall member and the outer wall member, and the heat insulating gap is closed in a state where the lower end side of the heat insulating gap is closed.
- a communication path communicating from the gap to the exhaust passage through a top of the furnace internal space surrounded by the inner wall member is provided, and an outer peripheral surface of the inner wall member or an inner peripheral surface of the outer wall member has two wall members.
- the spacer for securing the heat insulating gap therebetween is integrally formed so as not to hinder the communication between the heat insulating gap and the communication path, taking into account the portability of the furnace, In the case of a disassembled assembly structure, In facilitating the setting of the heat insulating air gap it is effective.
- an LPG gas cylinder In the case where a gas burner using an LNG gas cylinder as an energy supply source is used, in a space surrounded by the crater member, a gas burner serving as the combustion part is positioned with the crater below the flame inlet.
- the fact that the air supply port is provided behind the crater of the gas burner is effective in promoting air suction into the flame inlet by the ejector effect during combustion.
- the crucible serving as the crater member is:
- the air supply port is opened at the bottom of the flame introduction port, and the bottom is provided with the air supply port.
- a roster that forms a space serving as the combustion section at the top is disposed. It is effective for the additional supply port to also serve as an additional fuel supply port to the combustion section, in order to exhibit an ejector effect for air supply as in the case of using a gas burner as a firearm.
- the opening / closing means corresponds to A refractory block that variably adjusts a flow cross-sectional area of the additional air supply port by moving forward and backward into the additional supply port, and is preferably configured by a block made of the lightweight refractory material.
- the mouth is formed in a part of the hearth member in the form of a communication passage that tapers toward the furnace internal space, and the refractory block has a taper along the taper. This is effective for simplification. It is also effective as an embodiment to provide a member constituting an exhaust stagnation space for equalizing furnace temperature and pressure between the inside of the exhaust member and the exhaust passage. .
- the use of a firearm causes the flame to rise from the flame inlet of the hearth member into the furnace.
- An additional air supply port is provided at or above the inlet, which communicates with the outside. Cooling air can be introduced from the outside by opening the opening / closing means.
- Cooling air can be introduced from the outside by opening the opening / closing means.
- the furnace air temperature is gradually increased at a required temperature gradient by adjusting the amount of the introduced air. Water in the interior can be sufficiently removed, and the required components in the composition exceed the melting point and are vitrified.
- a bridging effect is exhibited internally, and as a result, cracking and breakage of the material to be fired can be avoided.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a crater and an air passage cross-sectional area.
- FIG. 3 is also an exploded perspective view.
- FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view and a partial cross-sectional view of the main part.
- FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a main part showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a main part showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of temperature control information when firing pottery and the like using the furnace of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional side view showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional plan view of the main part.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part, showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the basic structure of the furnace here is composed of a combination of a lightweight refractory material molded from ceramic fibers into the required shape and thickness by means such as compression molding.
- the first embodiment according to the present invention has an assembled furnace structure as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
- the structure of the furnace here is such that a cylindrical inner wall member 1, a cylindrical outer wall member 2 arranged so as to surround it, and a heat insulating gap 3 formed between the inner wall member 1 and the outer wall member 2.
- Furnace lid member 5 (in this embodiment, a first furnace lid member 5a placed on the upper end of the outer wall member 2 and a second furnace lid member 5b placed on the upper end of the inner wall member 1)
- the exhaust passage 7 is provided on the furnace lid member 5 with the inside thereof communicating with the exhaust passage 7.
- a communication path 9 (formed between the furnace lid members 5 a and 5 b) that communicates the exhaust member 8 and the heat insulating space 3 through the upper portion of the inner wall member 1 to the exhaust passage 7 and the exhaust member 8. ).
- a flame inlet 10 formed in the hearth member 4.
- the inner wall member 1, the outer wall member 2, the hearth member 4, the furnace lid member 5, and the chimney member 8 as the members constituting the furnace are all made of lightweight refractory material formed of ceramic fiber. are doing.
- the inner wall member 1 and the outer wall member 2 have a thickness of 15 mm to 35 mm, and are formed in a concentric cylindrical shape (if necessary, formed in a rectangular tube shape). Alternatively, when these are formed in the shape of a rectangular tube, a combination of flat, lightweight refractory materials may be used).
- a ceramic-based refractory hardener may be impregnated (or, if necessary, on a required surface of another member formed of a lightweight refractory material) Apply.
- the inner surface of the outer wall member 2 is improved in order to improve the heat insulating property when the inner wall member 1 is incandescent due to the increase in the furnace temperature, and to improve the thermal efficiency for increasing the furnace temperature. It is preferable to configure the radiant heat (far-infrared) reflection surface.
- the reflective surface is made of a ceramic refractory hardener (for example, a material mainly composed of ceramics having a composition of silica, alumina, iron oxide, etc., used as a high-temperature heat-resistant material, and other coating cements). A white surface or a mirror surface obtained by impregnation or application of any ceramic refractory material is used.
- the hearth member 4 has an additional air supply port 11 communicating from the outside above the flame introduction port 10, and the additional air supply port 11 has an air circulation cutoff. Equipped with opening / closing means 1 2 whose area can be adjusted from fully open to fully closed. Since the structure of the furnace of the present invention is an assembling structure as a whole, in this embodiment, the hearth member 4 is divided into first and second hearth members 4a, 4b which are divided into upper and lower parts. In the center of each hearth member 4a, 4b, the above-mentioned flame inlet 10 having a circular shape is opened, and at the top of the lower hearth member 4b.
- the above-mentioned additional air supply port 11 is opened so as to open to the side (Note that the additional air supply port 11 is located on the upper hearth member 4a side due to the design of the furnace. Of course, it may be provided on the furnace body side so as to open above the hearth member 4).
- the opening / closing means 12 is constituted by a refractory block (also preferably made of a lightweight refractory material formed of ceramic fiber).
- the additional air supply port 11 is part of the hearth member (that is, the hearth) so that the air flow cross-sectional area can be variably adjusted by moving forward and backward into the additional air supply port 11.
- the upper part of the member 4b) is formed in the form of a communication passage having a tapered width toward the furnace space and toward the side, and the refractory block has a sector shape having the same taper along the taper. Is configured.
- the internal space of the exhaust passage 7 and the exhaust member 8 constitutes a temperature / pressure regulating chamber in the furnace, and the exhaust member 8 simultaneously constitutes a flue extending upward from the exhaust passage 7. are doing.
- the upper end of the flue is bent toward the upper side surface of the exhaust member 8, the end of which is open to the outside as an exhaust port 8 a, and the top of the exhaust member 8 has There is another exhaust port 8b, which can be opened and closed.
- a furnace base 15 below the hearth member 4 which includes a plate-shaped furnace base member 15 a and a crater member which is located thereon and supports the hearth member 4.
- 15b is used.
- the above-mentioned lightweight refractory material can be used for the furnace base 15.
- the crater member 15b is located on the furnace base member 15a, and a space for accommodating a combustion portion (in this embodiment, a panner 14 connected to a gas cylinder 13) serving as a flame generation source and combustion air
- the supply port 16 is constituted (in this embodiment, a size large enough to allow air to be guided from outside to the flame inlet 10 through the periphery of the burner 14).
- the partner 14 is arranged so that the crater thereof is below the flame inlet 10.
- external air is introduced by suction force (ejector effect) generated in the air supply port 16 as the flame rises from the crater of the burner 14. Because the intake air cannot be adjusted, the air supply port 1 is required to secure the maximum temperature required in the furnace (about 1300 ° C for porcelain and about 1300 ° C for porcelain). It is necessary to strictly set the substantial air passage cross-sectional area in (6).
- the ratio of the air introduced to the periphery of the burner 14 through 16 through the inlet diameter d 1 is set to be 1: 1 to 2: 3, preferably 4: 5.
- the actual cross-sectional area of the air supply port 16 is 1/4-( ⁇ ⁇ d 1 2 — ⁇ , as shown in Fig. 2). ⁇ D 2)).
- the ratio of the calorific value of d: 14 to the diameter of the primary air inlet (not shown) of the burner itself is 25: 4 to 16: 1, preferably, 9: 1 should be set.
- the fuel in the case of employing butane gas as LPG gas, the calorific one difference between propane gas (propane gas in Japan 2 4 0 0 O kca 1 Roh m 3, whereas, butane gas 3 0, 0 0 O kcal Zm 3 ), the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the crater of the gas panner 14 to the cross-sectional area of the air supply port 16 is two to three times that of propane gas. Good to do.
- the diameter of the flame inlet 10 is d2 (its cross-sectional area)
- the diameter of the exhaust passage 7 is d3
- the diameter of the exhaust port 8 of the exhaust member 8 is d4.
- the (cross-sectional area) should be set within 1 to 1.5 times, preferably 1.2 to 1.3 times, the crater diameter of PANA-14.
- reference numeral 17 denotes a base plate (a refractory material, preferably a lightweight refractory material made of ceramic fiber) on which a material to be fired (clay molded product) C is placed.
- a shear member also a refractory material for holding the base plate 17 on the hearth through a gap.
- the number and size (especially, height) of the shear members 18 are preferably set so as to secure a passage cross-sectional area larger than the passage cross-section of the flame inlet 10 into the furnace. .
- it is preferable to set the height from the crater of the burner 14 to the bottom of the base plate 17 to be H 3d or more, since the effect of increasing the combustion gas is not hindered.
- the furnace temperature is set in relation to the gas supply amount at the burner 14 as a heat source.
- the volume is set.
- the furnace height is naturally determined in relation to the furnace volume.
- the furnace of the present invention has a heat capacity that the furnace body absorbs in the initial stage. Is very small, and shows a steeply high temperature gradient relatively shortly after ignition.
- the object to be fired (porcelain, porcelain) is fired by the following heat control (this example shows the case of oxidation firing).
- the structure of this furnace is a patch type Yes, the furnace is not opened from the beginning to the end of the firing operation. For this reason, after removing the furnace lid member 5 (5a, 5b) and loading the workpiece C into the furnace from above, the furnace lid member 5 is closed, the exhaust member 8 is attached, and the Ignite 1 4. At this time, the opening / closing means 12 is placed in a closed state, and in this embodiment, the exhaust port 8b is covered with a lid 8c.
- the temperature of the furnace rises due to the flame introduced from the flame inlet 10 into the furnace, but at first, at least the inner wall member 1 and the furnace lid member 5 that are exposed to the inside of the furnace that constitute the furnace b,
- the temperature rise is slow due to heat absorption into the hearth member 4a, but when the heat absorption becomes saturated, the furnace temperature rises sharply.
- This is determined by measuring the furnace temperature with a sensor (not shown) such as a thermocouple, and the switching means 12 is fully opened or half-opened (that is, the refractory block is moved outward from the additional air supply port 11). Move to or remove).
- the exhaust port 8b may be opened except for the lid 8c.
- the amount of gas discharged from the gas burner 14 should be reduced by adjusting the cock.
- cooler air is introduced into the furnace from the additional air supply port 11 and the gradient of the temperature rise per hour is reduced by a considerable amount of exhaust.
- the heat conduction rate from the surface of the object to be fired to the inside is low, and the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the surface and the inside of the object to be fired is between 120 and 240 In this case, there is a fear of causing cracks and breakage.
- the temperature rise rate in the initial stage is 5 to 8 seconds / (average: approximately 7.5 seconds), which takes 30 to 45 minutes, and 250 ° from room temperature.
- Increasing the furnace temperature to between C and 350 ° C is necessary to avoid cracking and breakage, including cold air from the additional air supply port 11 as described above. Requires the introduction of a large amount of exhaust.
- the furnace according to the present invention has, as a characteristic, a preferable temperature gradient (a temperature gradient that reliably avoids a temperature rising rate that may cause cracking or breakage of the material to be fired) ) May occur (this is schematically shown by the shaded area in Fig. 9).
- a preferable temperature gradient a temperature gradient that reliably avoids a temperature rising rate that may cause cracking or breakage of the material to be fired
- the opening / closing means 12 is adjusted to gradually (or at a stretch) gradually reduce the opening of the air supply port 11 toward zero and increase the gas supply amount of the gas burner 14.
- the furnace temperature rises sharply. That is, the flame introduced from the flame inlet 10 rapidly raises the furnace temperature and the inner wall member 1 becomes incandescent, but the radiant heat (far infrared rays) is reflected by the inner surface of the outer wall member 2, The heat-saturated state in the furnace expected from the structure of the furnace of the present invention can be obtained.
- the temperature rise rate here is 2 to 7 seconds / 1 ° C (average: about 5 seconds), and it takes about 30 to 45 minutes to reach about 850 to 100 ° C. Increase internal temperature.
- oxidation attack oxidation of the metal components contained in the glaze and the base material of the work
- the gas pressure of the gas panner 14 is further increased.
- the increase in the intake of oxygen from around the gas burner 14 as the gas pressure increases is due to the ejector effect at the air supply port 16.
- the temperature rise rate here is 6 to 12 seconds / 1 ° C (average: approximately 10 seconds) at 900 ° C. to 150 ° C., and 105 ° C. 8 to 15 seconds at C to 1230 ° C, Zl ° C (average: about 12 seconds) This is the period until completion of the process.
- the temperature control area shown in this embodiment is indicated by an imaginary line, and the average temperature control is indicated by a solid line.
- the gas burner 14 will stop burning and allow time for aging in the furnace ⁇ for aging of the glaze and substrate (this is generally 60 to 90 minutes, In the furnace of the present invention, it may be 10 to 60 minutes).
- the opening and closing means 12 is used for adjusting the furnace temperature during the above-mentioned kiln firing process, and the degree of opening and closing can be adjusted as needed.
- the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is different from the embodiment 1 in that the member 19 constituting an exhaust gas retention space for equalizing the furnace temperature and pressure between the inside of the exhaust member 8 and the exhaust passage 7 is provided. Is provided. Other configurations are the same as in the first embodiment. Due to the presence of the exhaust gas retention space, the upward airflow in the furnace toward the flue is suppressed, and the internal temperature and pressure can be substantially equalized in the height direction in the furnace.
- the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 is different from the first embodiment in that the heat insulating gap is provided between the two wall members on the outer peripheral surface of the inner wall member 1 (or the inner peripheral surface of the wall member 2).
- the spacers 20 are integrally formed so as to protrude so as not to obstruct the communication between the heat insulating gap 3 and the communication passage 9, for example, in the form of beat-shaped projections. This is effective in facilitating the setting of insulation gaps at the site when the disassembly structure is taken into consideration, considering the portability of the furnace.
- three disk-shaped exhaust members 8x, 8y, and 8z are provided, which have different diameters of 8xa and 8x, respectively.
- Exhaust ports of yb and 8 zc are formed. These are for selectively adjusting (selecting) the degree of stacking in the firing process of the object to be fired shown in the first embodiment described above in order to adjust the exhaust capacity. In particular, in utilizing the exhaust heat here, it is effective when an appropriate object to be heated is arranged above the furnace lid member 5 via a gap.
- a firearm (a crucible 14 ′ in this embodiment) is placed under the flame inlet 10 instead of the gas panner 14, and charcoal is placed here.
- the figure shows the case where solid fuel such as coke or firewood is put in and ignited.
- the crucible 1 4 'used here has an air intake at the bottom center
- the port 14'a (corresponding to the air supply port 16) is open, through which support members 14 and b, such as Gotoku, can be used to introduce air into the crucible 14 '. Floating from the surface.
- the furnace base 15 here is placed on the floor surface via its legs, and supports the hearth member 4.
- a crucible 14, is provided with a roster 14 ′′ which has a space serving as a combustion section at the top.
- the present invention is described by showing a double-structured furnace body by forming the heat insulating space 3 by the inner wall member 1 and the outer wall member 2.
- the furnace body including the inner wall member 1, the outer wall member 2, and the furnace lid member 5) that does not have the heat insulating gap 3 but mainly uses a lightweight refractory material formed of ceramic fiber while considering the heat insulating structure is used.
- a heat-resistant material layer 3 'serving as a mirror surface for radiant heat reflection is provided on the inner surface of the outer wall member 2.
- the additional air supply port 11 is used for fuel supplementation. That is, solid fuel (firewood, charcoal, coke, RFP (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel), etc.) enters the furnace from the additional air supply port 11 and drops into the crucible 14 'below from the flame introduction port 10. This makes it possible to easily fire the object C such as pottery and porcelain when used together with commonly available tools.
- solid fuel firewood, charcoal, coke, RFP (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel), etc.
- the solid fuel was supplied using the additional air supply port 11.
- the solid fuel was supplied above the level of 14 to 14 liters for reheating.
- a fuel supply port with an opening / closing door may be provided to supply fuel, or an ordinary simple stove may be used.
- an air intake port 14'a (corresponding to an air supply port 16) is provided on the side of the crucible 14 below the level of the roaster 14 ".
- a slide type shutter 14c with adjustable opening is equipped, in which case the ash of the solid fuel falls and accumulates at the bottom of the crucible 14 '.
- the configuration of the member 19 of the second embodiment described above may be applied to the configurations of the third and fourth embodiments.
- the shape of the additional air supply port 11 was changed in the width direction toward the furnace ⁇ .
- a refractory block as the opening / closing means 12 is formed along with the tapered shape.
- those shapes may be configured to have a taper in the vertical direction, or a truncated cone. Of course, it may be shaped.
- only one pair of the additional air supply port 11 and the opening / closing means 12 is provided. However, if necessary in the design, a plurality of pairs may be provided. is there.
- FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 is a furnace having a configuration in which a plurality of pairs (four pairs in this embodiment) are provided with the additional air supply port 11 and the opening and closing means 12 described in the sixth embodiment.
- the figure shows a structure that is optimal for firing vertically long objects to be fired.
- the furnace body 1 is divided into a plurality of upper and lower parts (in this embodiment, the inner wall members 1A and A and 2B are divided into outer wall members), and a temperature control frame 40 (in this embodiment, composed of a lightweight refractory material formed of ceramic fiber) is provided therebetween.
- a temperature adjustment port 110 and an opening / closing means 120 similar to the additional air supply port 11 and the opening / closing means 12 are provided.
- the opening / closing means 120 is a fan-shaped block type (in this embodiment, made of a lightweight refractory material formed of ceramic fiber) as in the above-described embodiment, and penetrates inside and outside thereof.
- a burner 140 for additional combustion (connected to a gas cylinder, etc., and having a primary air inlet around the crater) is provided.
- the secondary air supply by adjusting the opening degree of the opening and closing means 120 and the fuel supply for replenishing heat energy are added so as to reduce the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the furnace as much as possible. it can.
- a deflector 180 refractory material having a V-shaped cross section may be provided inside the furnace body so that the fire does not directly hit the workpiece C.
- FIG. 12 shows a modification of the configuration of the temperature adjustment frame 40 and the burner 140 of the above-described seventh embodiment.
- the direction of the flame is changed.
- the furnace body here, the inner wall member 1
- Other configurations and functions are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.
- the structure of the furnace of the present invention was developed mainly for firing ceramics and porcelain, but it can be applied to metal melting that requires high-temperature treatment, especially to industrial waste treatment. is there.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103047853A (zh) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-17 | 福州市陶瓷行业技术创新中心 | 艺术瓷笼式多气氛小型窑 |
CN104949510A (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-30 | 吉林圆方机械集团有限公司 | 电阻炉 |
CN106940137A (zh) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-07-11 | 醴陵市科兴实业有限公司 | 用于烧制陶瓷颜料的窑炉 |
CN107270710A (zh) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-20 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | 一种陶瓷制作装置及方法 |
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CN103047853A (zh) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-17 | 福州市陶瓷行业技术创新中心 | 艺术瓷笼式多气氛小型窑 |
CN103047853B (zh) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-08-19 | 福州市陶瓷行业技术创新中心 | 艺术瓷笼式多气氛小型窑 |
CN104949510A (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-30 | 吉林圆方机械集团有限公司 | 电阻炉 |
CN104949510B (zh) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-04-19 | 吉林圆方机械集团有限公司 | 电阻炉 |
CN106940137A (zh) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-07-11 | 醴陵市科兴实业有限公司 | 用于烧制陶瓷颜料的窑炉 |
CN107270710A (zh) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-10-20 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | 一种陶瓷制作装置及方法 |
CN107270710B (zh) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-02-19 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | 一种陶瓷制作装置及方法 |
CN109631582A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-16 | 深圳中燃哈工大燃气技术研究院有限公司 | 一种带燃烧气氛控制的天然气窑炉及烧制建盏的方法 |
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