WO2005042811A1 - 単結晶の製造方法 - Google Patents
単結晶の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005042811A1 WO2005042811A1 PCT/JP2004/015395 JP2004015395W WO2005042811A1 WO 2005042811 A1 WO2005042811 A1 WO 2005042811A1 JP 2004015395 W JP2004015395 W JP 2004015395W WO 2005042811 A1 WO2005042811 A1 WO 2005042811A1
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- Prior art keywords
- single crystal
- growth rate
- defect
- pulling
- cooling
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/20—Controlling or regulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/20—Controlling or regulating
- C30B15/206—Controlling or regulating the thermal history of growing the ingot
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
- Y10T117/10—Apparatus
- Y10T117/1024—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state
- Y10T117/1032—Seed pulling
- Y10T117/1068—Seed pulling including heating or cooling details [e.g., shield configuration]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
- Y10T117/10—Apparatus
- Y10T117/1024—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state
- Y10T117/1032—Seed pulling
- Y10T117/1072—Seed pulling including details of means providing product movement [e.g., shaft guides, servo means]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
- Y10T117/10—Apparatus
- Y10T117/1024—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state
- Y10T117/1076—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state having means for producing a moving solid-liquid-solid zone
- Y10T117/1088—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state having means for producing a moving solid-liquid-solid zone including heating or cooling details
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a single crystal for cutting out wafers or the like used as a substrate of a semiconductor device such as a memory or a CPU.
- a silicon single crystal As a single crystal for cutting out a wafer or the like used as a substrate of a semiconductor device such as a memory or a CPU, for example, a silicon single crystal can be cited. ).
- the single crystal is manufactured using, for example, a single crystal manufacturing apparatus 1 as shown in FIG.
- the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 1 has a member for accommodating and melting a raw material polycrystal such as silicon, a heat insulating member for shutting off heat, and the like. Is contained.
- a pulling chamber 3 extending upward from the ceiling of the main chamber 12 is connected, and a mechanism (not shown) for pulling the single crystal 4 with a wire 5 is provided above the pulling chamber 3.
- a quartz crucible 7 for accommodating the molten raw material melt 6 and a graphite crucible 8 for supporting the quartz crucible 7, and these crucibles 7, 8 are provided with a driving mechanism ( (Not shown) so as to be rotatable up and down.
- the driving mechanism of the crucibles 7 and 8 raises the crucibles 7 and 8 for compensating for the lowering of the liquid level of the raw material melt 6 due to the pulling of the single crystal 4 by the liquid level lowering.
- a graphite heater 10 for melting the raw material is arranged so as to surround the crucibles 7 and 8. Outside the graphite heater 10, a heat insulating member 11 is provided so as to surround the periphery thereof in order to prevent heat from the graphite heater 10 from being directly radiated to the main chamber 12.
- an inert gas such as an argon gas is introduced into the main chamber 12 from a gas inlet 14 provided in an upper portion of the pulling chamber 13. The introduced inert gas passes between the single crystal 4 being pulled and the gas straightening tube 12, passes between the lower end of the gas straightening tube 12 and the liquid surface of the raw material melt 6, and flows out of the gas outlet. Emitted from 15.
- a heat shielding member 13 is provided at the outer lower end of the gas rectifying cylinder 12 so as to face the raw material melt 6 to cut off the radiation of the surface force of the raw material melt 6 and keep the surface of the raw material melt 6 warm. Like that.
- the raw material polycrystal is accommodated in the quartz crucible 7 arranged in the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 1 as described above, and heated by the graphite heater 10 to melt the polycrystalline raw material in the quartz crucible 7.
- the seed crystal 17 fixed by the seed holder 16 connected to the lower end of the wire 5 is immersed in the raw material melt 6 obtained by melting the polycrystalline raw material as described above, and then the seed crystal 17 is rotated.
- the single crystal 4 having a desired diameter and quality is grown below the seed crystal 17 by pulling while growing.
- seed drawing necking
- the diameter is reduced to about 3 mm and a narrowed portion is formed, and then until the desired diameter is obtained. It is fat and pulls up dislocation-free crystals.
- a silicon single crystal pulled in this way includes a vacancy type (Vacancy) and an interstitial type.
- Interstitial has an intrinsic point defect.
- the saturation concentration of this intrinsic point defect is a function of temperature, and becomes supersaturated as the temperature decreases during crystal growth. In this supersaturated state, annihilation, outward diffusion, and slope diffusion occur, and the supersaturated state is reduced. As a result, one of the holes and the interstitial force remains as a predominant supersaturated point defect.
- the vacancy type becomes dominant in the single crystal.
- void defects observed as COP (Crystal Originated Particle) or FPD (Flow Pattern Defect) are formed as secondary defects. And this flaw is The distribution area is called the V area.
- a defect observed as an OSF (Oxidation Induced Stacking Fault) after the oxidation treatment is distributed near the boundary of the V region. The area where this defect is distributed is called the OSF area.
- N region non-defect region
- Nv region a region with many vacancies
- Ni region a region with a lot of interstitial silicon
- VZG value which is a ratio of a growth rate V and a temperature gradient G near the growth interface (for example, VV Vononkov, Journal of Crystal Growth, 59 (1982), 625—643.). That is, if the growth rate V and the temperature gradient G are adjusted so that the VZG value falls within a predetermined range, a single crystal can be pulled in a desired defect region.
- a crystal called a defect-free crystal is obtained by adjusting the growth rate V and the temperature gradient G near the growth interface so as to be in the N region.
- the VZG value represented by the growth rate V and the temperature gradient G near the growth interface is very limited. as the range, it is necessary to regulate the growth speed V and temperature gradient G (e.g., JP-8 330 316, JP-a No. 11 79 889 discloses reference.) 0
- growth in a very narrow range It is very difficult to pull a single crystal by adjusting the speed V etc. Therefore, when pulling up defect-free crystals, In such a case, there is a problem that defective products are frequently generated, and the yield and productivity are greatly reduced. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and it is possible to significantly and more reliably expand the range of the VZG value in the N region, that is, to pull out a single crystal in a defect-free region.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a single crystal, which can greatly increase the manufacturing margin when ascending, thereby greatly improving the manufacturing yield of a defect-free region crystal and the productivity. I do.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in a method of manufacturing a single crystal by pulling it from a raw material melt in a chamber by the Czochralski method, the single crystal is formed in a ring shape in a radial direction. There is no interstitial or vacancy type defect outside the OSF region! The single crystal in the defect-free region is pulled, and the single crystal is pulled from the melting point of the single crystal to 950 ° C.
- Cooling rate average force when passing through the temperature range 0.96 ° CZmin or more average cooling rate force when passing through the temperature range from 1150 ° C to 1080 ° C 0.88 ° CZmin
- the cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from 1050 ° C to 950 ° C in the above range is controlled to be within the range of 0.71 ° CZmin or more.
- a method for producing a single crystal is provided.
- the temperature range from the melting point to 950 ° C, the temperature range from 1150 ° C to 1080 ° C, and the temperature range from 1050 ° C to 950 ° C By controlling the cooling rate at the time of passing so that it is within the above range and performing rapid cooling, the range of the VZG value, which is the N region located outside the OSF ring between the V region and the I region, is significantly and more reliably. It can be expanded to As described above, since the manufacturing margin when manufacturing a single crystal in a defect-free region is greatly expanded, the manufacture of a defect-free crystal becomes relatively easy, and the yield and productivity of the single crystal in the defect-free region are greatly improved. The effect of doing so can be obtained.
- the growth rate margin (growth rate upper limit ⁇ growth rate lower limit) for pulling the single crystal in the defect-free region is equal to the average growth rate of the single crystal ((growth rate upper limit + growth rate lower limit)). It can be in the range of 7% or more of Z2).
- the cooling rate when passing through the temperature zone in which point defects are aggregated is increased as described above, so that point defects are hardly aggregated.
- the growth rate margin for pulling the single crystal in the depressed region is a very large range of 7% or more. With such a large growth rate margin, it is relatively easy to control the growth rate when pulling a single crystal in a defect-free region. Therefore, the single crystal in the defect-free region can be more reliably pulled, and the yield and productivity of the single crystal in the defect-free region are greatly improved.
- control of the temperature zone for pulling the single crystal may be performed by arranging at least a cooling cylinder forcedly cooled by a cooling medium and a cooling auxiliary member in the chamber. it can.
- Control of the cooling rate when the point defects pass through the temperature zone in which the point defects agglomerate is performed for example, by disposing a cooling cylinder forcibly cooled by a cooling medium and a cooling auxiliary member in the single crystal manufacturing apparatus.
- the cooling auxiliary member is, for example, a member that is arranged to extend downward from the cooling cylinder and has a cylindrical shape or a shape whose diameter is reduced downward.
- the single crystal to be manufactured can be a silicon single crystal.
- the method for producing a single crystal of the present invention is effective for producing a silicon single crystal, which has been strongly required in recent years to improve the production yield and productivity of a single crystal in a defect-free region.
- the diameter of the straight body portion of the single crystal can be 150 mm or more.
- the single crystal is preferably pulled while applying a magnetic field having a central magnetic field strength of 300 Gauss to 6000 Gauss.
- a single crystal manufactured by the above-described method for manufacturing a single crystal Is provided.
- the single crystal produced by the method for producing a single crystal of the present invention is a very high quality defect-free crystal with few defective products. Furthermore, since the single crystal of the present invention is manufactured with high yield and high productivity, it is relatively inexpensive as compared with conventional products.
- the present invention by increasing the cooling rate when passing through the temperature zone in which point defects aggregate, the range of the VZG value in the N region can be significantly and more reliably. In other words, the manufacturing margin of defect-free crystals can be greatly increased. Therefore, the production yield and productivity of the single crystal in the defect-free region can be significantly improved.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing a manufacturing margin of a defect-free crystal.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one example of a single crystal manufacturing apparatus used in the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the temperature distribution of a pulled single crystal in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between (growth rate margin Z average growth rate) ⁇ 100 (%) and passage time (min) in each temperature zone.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a conventionally used single crystal manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing distribution of crystal defect regions.
- the present inventors have repeated research on a method of expanding the range of the VZG value serving as the N region, that is, a method of expanding a manufacturing margin of a defect-free crystal.
- the concentration at which excessive point defects do not become so large as to be detected as secondary defects is greatly affected by the thermal conditions in the temperature zone where point defects are aggregated.
- the transit time in this temperature range is extremely short, no matter how many point defects are present, they will not be so large that they agglomerate and are detected as secondary defects. Therefore, the shorter the transit time in this temperature zone, the greater the manufacturing margin.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-226296 discloses, for example, "1080" for f columns.
- C power 1150 It describes how to control the average value of the cooling rate when passing through the temperature range up to C to be equal to or higher than CZmin to increase the growth rate margin of defect-free crystals.
- CZmin CZmin
- the present inventors have studied in more detail the temperature range in which excess intrinsic point defects are aggregated when pulling a single crystal.
- the temperature range from the melting point of the single crystal to 950 ° C the temperature range from 1150 ° C to 1080 ° C, and the temperature range from 1050 ° C to 950 ° C
- the present invention was completed by conceiving that it could be expanded.
- the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 21 shown in FIG. 2 has a cooling cylinder 22, a cooling medium inlet 23, a cooling auxiliary member 24, and a force provided with a protection member 25. The same as the crystal manufacturing apparatus 1.
- the single crystal apparatus 21 is provided with a cooling cylinder 22.
- the cooling cylinder 22 is directed toward the surface of the raw material melt 6 at the ceiling of the main chamber 12 so as to surround the single crystal 4 being pulled. It is stretched.
- a cooling medium is introduced into the cooling cylinder 22 from a cooling medium inlet 23, and the cooling medium is The body is circulated in the cooling cylinder 22 to forcibly cool the cooling cylinder 22 and then discharged to the outside.
- the amount of heat removed from the cooling cylinder 22 can be changed by adjusting the flow rate and temperature of the cooling medium flowing in the cooling cylinder 22 as necessary. As a result, a desired cooling atmosphere can be created, and therefore, when pulling a single crystal, it is possible to control each temperature zone to be rapidly cooled at a desired cooling rate.
- a cylindrical cooling auxiliary member 24 extending from the lower end of the cooling cylinder 22 to the vicinity of the surface of the raw material melt is provided.
- the cooling auxiliary member 24 surrounds the high temperature single crystal 4 immediately after being pulled up, and has an effect of cooling the single crystal 4 by blocking radiant heat from the graphite heater 10 or the raw material melt 6 or the like.
- the shape of the cooling auxiliary member is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may include, for example, a shape reduced in diameter by downward force.
- each temperature zone is rapidly cooled at a desired cooling rate when pulling a single crystal.
- a protection member 25 is provided outside the cooling cylinder 22.
- the protection member 25 extends from the ceiling of the main chamber 12 and is arranged so as to cover the outer peripheral surface including the lower end surface of the cooling cylinder 22 in the main chamber 12.
- the present invention provides a single crystal manufacturing method for manufacturing a single crystal as described below using the above-described single crystal manufacturing apparatus.
- the single crystal in which a single crystal is pulled up from a raw material melt in a chamber by the Czochralski method, the single crystal is formed outside the OSF region that is radially generated in a ring shape and has a lattice. No inter- and vacancy-type defects are present! A single crystal in the defect-free region is pulled up, and the single crystal is pulled when passing through the temperature range from the melting point of the single crystal to 950 ° C.
- the average value of the cooling rate when passing through each temperature zone is within the range of 10 ° CZmin or less. If the average value is within this range, the diameter of the straight body is 150mm or more. Even when producing large-diameter crystals, high-quality defect-free crystals having an N region spread over the entire surface can be produced stably.
- the temperature zone in which vacancy-type defects form void defects as secondary defects is said to be about 1150 ° C. to 1080 ° C. It is said that the temperature zone in which is formed is around 1000 ° C.
- the temperature range in which interstitial defects are aggregated is not clear, but it is considered to be relatively high due to the occurrence of dislocation clusters.
- the present inventors have conducted various studies while taking these facts into consideration, and as a result, in the method for producing a single crystal of the present invention, the temperature range from the temperature near the melting point of the single crystal to a temperature lower than about 1000 ° C.
- the temperature range from the melting point of the single crystal to 950 ° C, the temperature at 1150 ° C also increases when the force passes through the temperature range from 1080 ° C to 1050 ° C to 950 ° C, respectively.
- the single crystal was quenched as described above.
- the range of the VZG value which is the N region existing outside the OSF ring between the V region and the I region, can be significantly and surely expanded.
- the manufacturing margin of the single crystal in the defect-free region is greatly expanded, the production of the defect-free crystal becomes relatively easy, and the yield and productivity of the single crystal in the defect-free region are greatly improved. Can be obtained.
- the manufacturing margin of the defect-free crystal is estimated to increase even when the temperature gradient G near the growth interface and the growth rate V are large. Therefore, for example, a growth rate margin in which the production margin of a defect-free crystal is viewed from the viewpoint of the growth rate V can be easily compared by judging by seeing a value that is standardized by the growth rate.
- the growth rate margin (growth rate upper limit-growth rate lower limit) for pulling the single crystal in the defect-free region is determined by the average growth rate of the single crystal ((growth rate upper limit). + Growth rate lower limit)
- the range can be as large as 7% or more of Z2).
- the growth rate margin is large, it is relatively easy to control the growth rate when pulling the single crystal in the defect-free region. Therefore, the single crystal in the defect-free region can be more reliably pulled, and the yield and productivity of the single crystal in the defect-free region can be increased. Improve in width.
- Such a method for producing a single crystal of the present invention is effective for producing a silicon single crystal, which has been strongly demanded in recent years to improve the production yield and productivity of a single crystal in a defect-free region.
- secondary defects are easily generated, there is a strong demand for a more reliable method of producing defect-free crystals.
- the production of single crystals with a diameter of the straight body of 150 mm or more and a large diameter is strongly demanded. It is especially effective for
- a defect-free crystal it is preferable to grow a defect-free crystal while applying a magnetic field having a central magnetic field strength of 300 gauss or more and 6000 gauss or less.
- a magnetic field having a central magnetic field strength of 300 gauss or more and 6000 gauss or less.
- the single crystal manufactured by the above-described method for manufacturing a single crystal of the present invention is a very high quality defect-free crystal with few defective products.
- such a single crystal can be manufactured with high yield and high productivity, so that a high-quality defect-free crystal can be provided at a relatively low price as compared with a conventional product.
- the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 21 shown in Fig. 2 equipped with a cooling cylinder 22 is equipped with a quartz crucible 7 having a diameter of 24 inches (about 600 mm), and then the quartz crucible 7 is charged with 150 kg of raw material polycrystalline silicon and melted. Thus, a raw material melt 6 was obtained. Then, using the Czochralski method (CZ method), a silicon single crystal 4 with a diameter of ⁇ inch (approximately 200 mm) and a length of approximately 130 cm in the straight body was gradually reduced while gradually reducing the growth rate. Nurtured.
- CZ method Czochralski method
- a horizontal magnetic field having a central magnetic field strength of 4000 G was applied.
- the distance between the surface of the raw material melt 6 and the heat shielding member 13 was set to 60 mm so that the temperature gradient G near the growth interface was kept constant to some extent.
- the flow rate and temperature of the cooling medium flowing in the cooling cylinder 22 are adjusted so that the average value of the cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from the melting point to 950 ° C. is about 1.31 ° CZmin, 1150 ° C. ° C
- the average cooling rate when passing through the temperature range up to 1080 ° C is about 1.35 ° CZmin, and the average value of the cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from 1050 ° C to 950 ° C is about 1. It was controlled to be 21 ° C / min.
- Figure 3 shows the temperature distribution of the pulled single crystal at this time. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the cooling rate of the single crystal production apparatus used in Example 1 is very high.
- test sample was heat-treated at 1150 ° C for 100 minutes in a wet oxygen atmosphere, and the presence of OSF was confirmed by observing the sample with a microscope.
- the growth rate margin of the defect-free region was determined.
- the growth rate margin (growth rate upper limit-growth rate lower limit) is 10.7% of the average growth rate of the single crystal ((growth rate upper limit + growth rate lower limit) Z2), and significantly It was found that the manufacturing margin of the single crystal in the defect area could be expanded.
- the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 21 shown in FIG. 2 having a cooling cylinder 22 is equipped with a quartz crucible 7 having a diameter of 18 inches (about 450 mm) .
- 70 kg of the raw material polycrystalline silicon is charged into the quartz crucible 7 and melted. Material melt 6 was used.
- a silicon single crystal 4 with a straight body diameter of 6 inches (about 150 mm) and a straight body length of about 100 cm is grown by the Czochralski method (CZ method) while gradually reducing the growth rate. did.
- a horizontal magnetic field with a central magnetic field strength of 3000 G was applied.
- the distance between the surface of the raw material melt 6 and the heat shielding member 13 was set to 50 mm so that the temperature gradient G near the growth interface was kept constant to some extent.
- the flow rate and temperature of the cooling medium flowing in the cooling cylinder 22 are adjusted so that the average value of the cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from the melting point to 950 ° C. is about 1.64 ° CZmin, 1150 ° C.
- Example 1 a sample was prepared by vertically dividing the single crystal grown as described above, and the distribution of crystal defects was investigated in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the growth rate margin (growth rate upper limit-growth rate lower limit) for pulling the single crystal in the defect-free region is 13 times the average growth rate of the single crystal ((growth rate upper limit + growth rate lower limit) Z2). 2%, which indicates that the manufacturing margin of the single crystal in the defect-free region can be greatly expanded.
- the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 1 does not include a cooling cylinder, the cooling rate cannot be controlled. Therefore, the average cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from the melting point to 950 ° C is about 0.64 ° CZmin, and the average cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from 1150 ° C to 1080 ° C. The value was about 0.58 ° CZmin, and the average cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from 1050 ° C to 950 ° C was about 0.43 ° CZmin.
- Figure 3 shows the temperature distribution of the pulled single crystal at this time. FIG. 3 also shows that the cooling rate of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus used in Comparative Example 1 is much lower than that of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus used in Example 1.
- Example 1 a sample was prepared by vertically dividing the single crystal grown as described above, and the same as in Example 1 was performed.
- the crystal defect distribution was investigated by the same method.
- the growth rate margin for growing the single crystal in the defect-free region (growth rate upper limit-growth rate lower limit) is equal to the average growth rate of the single crystal ((growth rate upper limit + growth rate lower limit).
- Silicon single crystals were grown using the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 1 of FIG. 5 while changing the growth rate in the same manner as in Example 2.
- the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 1 does not include a cooling cylinder, the cooling rate cannot be adjusted. Therefore, the average cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from the melting point to 950 ° C is about 0.84 ° CZmin, and the average cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from 1150 ° C to 1080 ° C. The value was about 0.72 ° CZmin, and the average value of the cooling rate when passing through the temperature range from 1050 ° C to 950 ° C was about 0.59 ° CZmin.
- Example 1 a sample was prepared by vertically dividing the single crystal grown as described above, and the distribution of crystal defects was examined in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the growth rate margin (growth rate upper limit-growth rate lower limit) for pulling the single crystal in the defect-free region is 6 times the average growth rate of the single crystal ((growth rate upper limit + growth rate lower limit) Z2). 1%, indicating that the production margin of the single crystal in the defect-free region was very small.
- the growth rate margin (growth rate upper limit-growth rate lower limit) for pulling a single crystal in a defect-free region is the average growth rate ((growth rate upper limit + growth rate lower limit) Z2).
- the passage time when passing through the temperature range from the melting point to 950 ° C is 480 minutes or less (average cooling rate 0.96 ° C Zmin or more), 1
- the passage time is 80 minutes or less (average cooling rate: 0.88 ° CZmin or more)
- passing through the temperature range from 1050 ° C to 950 ° C It is only necessary to control the passage time at 140 minutes or less (more than the average cooling rate of 0.71 ° CZmin).
- the growth rate margin is about 4% of the average growth rate, or at most 6% or less, and if it can be increased to more than 6%, for example, to 7% or more, the whole area is N region Defect-free crystals can be stably grown. In particular, if it can be increased to 10% or more, secondary defects hardly occur in a part of the crystal due to deviation from the N region.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the above embodiment is an exemplification, and has substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention. Included in the technical scope of the invention.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/573,822 US7594966B2 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-19 | Method for producing a single crystal |
EP04792564A EP1679392A4 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-19 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MONOCRYSTAL |
KR1020067007620A KR101213626B1 (ko) | 2003-10-30 | 2006-04-20 | 단결정의 제조방법 |
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JP2003-369855 | 2003-10-30 | ||
JP2003369855A JP4432458B2 (ja) | 2003-10-30 | 2003-10-30 | 単結晶の製造方法 |
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WO2005042811A1 true WO2005042811A1 (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
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US (1) | US7594966B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1679392A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4432458B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101213626B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005042811A1 (ja) |
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US20090249995A1 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2009-10-08 | Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for producing single crystals |
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JP4661204B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-16 | 2011-03-30 | 信越半導体株式会社 | 単結晶の製造方法およびアニールウェーハの製造方法ならびにアニールウェーハ |
JP5092940B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-01 | 2012-12-05 | 信越半導体株式会社 | 単結晶製造装置及び単結晶の製造方法 |
KR101275418B1 (ko) * | 2010-03-16 | 2013-06-14 | 주식회사 엘지실트론 | 단결정 잉곳 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 웨이퍼 |
ITTO20110335A1 (it) * | 2011-04-14 | 2012-10-15 | Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche | Procedimento di formazione di cristalli massivi, in particolare monocristalli di fluoruri drogati con ioni di terre rare |
JP5880353B2 (ja) | 2012-08-28 | 2016-03-09 | 信越半導体株式会社 | シリコン単結晶の育成方法 |
US9255343B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2016-02-09 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Iron-based composition for magnetocaloric effect (MCE) applications and method of making a single crystal |
JP6614380B1 (ja) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-12-04 | 信越半導体株式会社 | 単結晶製造装置 |
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- 2003-10-30 JP JP2003369855A patent/JP4432458B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2004
- 2004-10-19 EP EP04792564A patent/EP1679392A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-19 WO PCT/JP2004/015395 patent/WO2005042811A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-10-19 US US10/573,822 patent/US7594966B2/en active Active
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2006
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Cited By (2)
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US20090249995A1 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2009-10-08 | Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for producing single crystals |
US8764900B2 (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2014-07-01 | Shin-Etsu Handotai Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for producing single crystals |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4432458B2 (ja) | 2010-03-17 |
US7594966B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 |
KR20060093717A (ko) | 2006-08-25 |
EP1679392A4 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
JP2005132665A (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
EP1679392A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
US20060272570A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
KR101213626B1 (ko) | 2012-12-18 |
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