WO2005024861A1 - 磁気バイアス膜およびこれを用いた磁気センサ - Google Patents
磁気バイアス膜およびこれを用いた磁気センサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005024861A1 WO2005024861A1 PCT/JP2004/013266 JP2004013266W WO2005024861A1 WO 2005024861 A1 WO2005024861 A1 WO 2005024861A1 JP 2004013266 W JP2004013266 W JP 2004013266W WO 2005024861 A1 WO2005024861 A1 WO 2005024861A1
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- magnetic
- bias film
- bias
- magnetic bias
- film
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 128
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/32—Spin-exchange-coupled multilayers, e.g. nanostructured superlattices
- H01F10/3227—Exchange coupling via one or more magnetisable ultrathin or granular films
- H01F10/3231—Exchange coupling via one or more magnetisable ultrathin or granular films via a non-magnetic spacer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y25/00—Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/0011—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables comprising means, e.g. flux concentrators, flux guides, for guiding or concentrating the magnetic flux, e.g. to the magnetic sensor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/08—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers
- H01F10/10—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition
- H01F10/12—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition being metals or alloys
- H01F10/16—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers characterised by the composition being metals or alloys containing cobalt
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F10/00—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure
- H01F10/08—Thin magnetic films, e.g. of one-domain structure characterised by magnetic layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/32—Composite [nonstructural laminate] of inorganic material having metal-compound-containing layer and having defined magnetic layer
- Y10T428/325—Magnetic layer next to second metal compound-containing layer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetic bias film used for various electronic devices and a magnetic sensor using the same.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing the conventional magnetic sensor field
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ′ ′ of the conventional magnetic sensor shown in FIG.
- This magnetic sensor holds the substrate 1 so as to cover a Wheatstone bridge circuit 3 including four detection elements 2A to 2D provided on the upper surface of the substrate 1 and the substrate 1 having the Wheatstone bridge circuit. And a first coil 5 ⁇ and a second coil 5 ⁇ ⁇ made of conductive wires of a predetermined number of turns wound around the holder 4 and applying magnetic pipes orthogonal to each other. It has a configuration.
- this magnetic sensor uses the first coil 5A and the second coil 5B wound around the holder 4 as a means for applying a magnetic bias, the size is increased and the size is easily reduced. Was not. Further, in order to generate a magnetic field, it is necessary to supply current to the first coil 5A and the second coil 5B, so that the power consumption is large.
- WO 03Z0566276 pamphlet discloses a method using a magnetic bias film made of a thin magnet as a means for applying a magnetic bias.
- This magnetic sensor does not use a coil as a means for applying a magnetic bias, but uses a magnetic bias film made of a thin-film magnet having a substantially square shape in a plan view. Become.
- the magnetic bias film must be downsized. There is. For that purpose, it is necessary to reduce the bottom area of the magnetic bias film. However, in this case, there is a problem that a magnetic field generated by the magnetic bias film becomes small and a desired magnetic field cannot be obtained. Furthermore, when a large magnetic field is applied to such a magnetic bias film from the outside, the direction of the magnetic bias is affected, and the output of the magnetic sensor is affected. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the conventional magnetic bias film, and provides a magnetic bias film which can be reduced in size and can obtain a stable and desired magnetic field, and a magnetic sensor using the same.
- the purpose is to:
- a magnetic bias film is a magnetic bias film that includes a magnetic layer, and a magnetic bias magnet that generates a magnetic field in a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the magnetic layers are stacked,
- the magnetic bias magnet is processed into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape whose length is reduced in the order of the long side, the short side, and the thickness in the stacking direction, and the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side is in the range of 5 to 200. It is characterized by being.
- the magnetic bias film according to the present invention includes the magnetic bias magnet processed into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape whose length decreases in the order of the long side, the short side, and the thickness in the stacking direction.
- the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side of the magnetic bias magnet is in the range of 5 to 200.
- a magnetic sensor includes a substrate, a first magnetic detection unit including at least two magnetic detection elements formed on a main surface side of the substrate, and a first magnetic detection unit on the main surface side of the substrate.
- a second magnetic detection unit having at least two or more magnetic detection elements formed thereon, a first magnetic bias film provided at a position facing the first magnetic detection unit, and the second magnetic detection And a second magnetic bias film provided at a position facing the portion, wherein the first and second magnetic bias films are provided as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.
- the first magnetic bias film is generated. It is characterized in that the direction of the magnetic field is different from the direction of the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic bias film.
- the first and second magnetic detection units each including at least two or more magnetic detection elements are formed on the main surface side of the substrate.
- a first magnetic bias film is provided at a position facing the first magnetic detection unit, and a second magnetic bias film is provided at a position facing the second magnetic detection unit.
- the directions of the magnetic fields generated by the first magnetic bias film and the second magnetic bias film are different.
- a phase difference occurs between the output waveforms from the first and second magnetic detection units, and a magnetic sensor capable of detecting the direction of the external magnetic field with a simple configuration by obtaining a ratio of these two waveform outputs is obtained. be able to.
- FIG. 1 is a top view of the magnetic bias film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a magnetic bias magnet constituting the magnetic bias film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a magnetic bias film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the film thickness and the magnetic bias between the conventional magnetic bias film and the magnetic bias film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional magnetic bias film having a single-layer structure.
- FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a magnetic bias film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a magnetic bias film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a top view of the magnetic bias film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a magnetic bias film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line I_ ⁇ in the magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a top view of the first and second magnetic detection units in the magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is an electric circuit diagram of a first magnetic detection unit in the magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the bias magnetic field strength and the direction variation of the magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a magnetic sensor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is an electric circuit diagram showing a modification of the magnetic detection unit of the magnetic sensor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a conventional magnetic sensor.
- Fig. 20 shows ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ -]! In a conventional magnetic sensor.
- Fig. 20 shows ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ -]! In a conventional magnetic sensor.
- a magnetic bias film in which the direction of a magnetic field is stabilized by changing the shape or configuration will be described.
- magnetic sensors using these magnetic bias films will be described.
- the direction of the magnetic field is stabilized by processing a single-layer magnetic bias film into a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- a magnetic bias film having a multilayer structure will be described.
- a configuration in which the first and second embodiments are combined that is, an example in which the direction of a magnetic field is stabilized by processing a magnetic bias film having a laminated structure into a rectangular parallelepiped shape will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a top view of the magnetic bias film according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic bias film 9 is composed of a plurality of magnetic bias magnets 9 ⁇ to 9G, and the magnetic bias magnets 9 ⁇ to 9G are respectively in the direction of arrow ⁇ ⁇ (X direction). A magnetic field is generated.
- the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G are made of a CoPt alloy, and have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which the length becomes shorter in the order of the long side, the short side, and the thickness (in the stacking direction).
- the “substantially” rectangular parallelepiped means not only a mathematically perfect rectangular parallelepiped but also, for example, a warp due to manufacturing technology constraints, a rounded or chamfered ridge or a vertex, a surface irregularity, etc. Is meant to include a rectangular parallelepiped.
- CoPt alloys have high magnetocrystalline anisotropy in addition to excellent magnet properties. Therefore, it is preferable as a material for a magnetic bias magnet that requires stability in a magnetic field direction.
- the long side, short side, and thickness are the thickness direction in the direction (z direction) perpendicular to the paper surface, and the X direction of the rectangle shown in Fig. 1 is the long side.
- the short side is in the y direction.
- the other magnetic bias magnets 9B to 9G have the same configuration as the magnetic bias magnet 9A, and are arranged side by side in the same magnetic field direction.
- the magnetic bias magnets 9 A to 9 G constitute the magnetic bias film 9.
- a CoPt film is formed on the entire surface of a substrate or the like by a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method.
- the CoPt film is divided by exposure, etching, or the like to obtain a plurality of substantially rectangular parallelepiped CoPt films.
- the substantially rectangular parallelepiped Co Pt film is magnetized in the long side direction, and the magnetic field is reduced. Pierce magnets 9 A to 9 G can be obtained.
- the magnetization direction of the magnetic bias film 9 having such a configuration rarely changes even when it receives a large magnetic field from the outside. Although this reason has not been completely elucidated theoretically, it is considered to be roughly for the following reason.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view (a sectional view along the xz plane in FIG. 1) of the magnetic bias magnet constituting the magnetic bias film 9 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Crystal grains 10 exist inside the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G.
- the crystal particles 10 are considered to have a substantially elliptical shape whose major axis is in the long side direction (X direction) of the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G. Therefore, the magnetic moment existing inside the crystal grain 10 is likely to be directed in the direction of the arrow B as a whole, and the direction of the magnetic moment hardly changes even when a large magnetic field is applied from the outside.
- the shape of the crystal grains 10 is substantially elliptical, but the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G are not square in plan view, This is probably because the aspect ratio of the short side is set to 5 or more and the flattened rectangle is used to form the crystal grains 10 into a substantially elliptical shape during film formation or magnetization.
- the influence of the so-called demagnetizing field which depends on the shape of the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G (the aspect ratio of the long side and the short side), also exists.
- the (effective) magnetic field acting inside the magnetic material is smaller than the externally applied magnetic field by the amount of the demagnetizing field.
- the magnitude of the demagnetizing field is proportional to the magnitude of the magnetic field of the magnetic material, and the proportional coefficient is called a demagnetizing coefficient.
- the demagnetizing field coefficient in the long side direction (X direction) is small, and the demagnetizing coefficient in the short side direction (y direction) is small.
- the magnetic field coefficient is large. Therefore, the effective magnetic field in the long side direction is large, and the effective magnetic field in the short side direction is small. Thus, it is understood that the magnetization in the long side direction where the effective magnetic field is large is more stable.
- the aspect ratio of the long side and the short side of the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G is preferably in the range of 5 to 200, and more preferably in the range of 10 to 200. preferable.
- the aspect ratio of the long side and the short side of the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G is set to less than 5, the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G when a large magnetic field is applied from the outside.
- the stability of the bias magnetic field generated from G decreases. This can be understood also from the viewpoint of the demagnetizing field described above.
- the aspect ratio of the long side and short side of the magnetic bias magnets 9 A to 9 G is set to be larger than 200, the absolute intensity of the bias magnetic field generated from the magnetic bias magnets 9 A to 9 G Is too large to obtain an optimal bias magnetic field. Conversely, if we try to weaken the bias magnetic field while keeping the aspect ratio, it will be difficult to add because the short side is short.
- the aspect ratio of the long side and the short side of the magnetic bias magnet 9A is set in the range of 5 to 200, whereby the bias generated from the magnetic bias magnet 9A is set.
- the magnetic field can be stabilized.
- the crystal particles 10 are not circular in plan view, but have an anisotropic shape in which the long axis direction of the magnetic bias magnet 9A is a long axis. Therefore, it is considered that a stable bias magnetic field can be generated.
- the direction of the long axis of the substantially elliptical shape of the crystal particle 10 is also a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction. This is because the length in the thickness direction of the magnetic bias magnet 9A is shorter than the length in the long side and the short side direction, so that the length of the substantially elliptical shape in the long side direction is caused by the aspect ratio of the long side and the short side. It is thought that such a configuration is obtained for the same reason that the axis is easily oriented. Even with this configuration, the magnetic bias magnet 9A is unlikely to change its magnetization direction even when it receives a large external magnetic field. '
- the magnetic bias film according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which the length becomes shorter in the order of the long side, the short side, and the thickness, and a magnetic field that generates a magnetic field.
- the magnetic bias film 9 is configured by arranging a plurality of magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9p in the horizontal direction with the magnetic field directions aligned. Furthermore, since the long side and short side of the magnetic bias magnets 9 A to 9 G are set to an aspect ratio of 5 to 200, even if a large magnetic field is received from the outside, The magnetization direction rarely changes, and as a result, a stable magnetic bias can be generated.
- the thickness of the magnetic bias film 9 is preferably in the range of 250 A to 250 O A. If the thickness of the magnetic bias film 9 is smaller than 25 OA, the magnetic field generated from the magnetic layer 12 will be small. On the other hand, even if the thickness of the magnetic bias film 9 is made larger than 250 OA, the strength of the magnetic field hardly changes. Therefore, it is preferable that the thickness of the magnetic bias film 9 be set in the range of 250 A to 250 OA.
- the separated Magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G may be formed.
- the CoPt film may be formed using a mask having the shape of the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a magnetic bias film according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic bias film 11 has a structure in which a plurality of magnetic layers 12 and non-magnetic layers 13 are alternately stacked.
- the magnetic layer 12 is made of a CoPt alloy, and is magnetized in a fixed direction to generate a magnetic field in the direction of arrow A (X direction).
- the nonmagnetic layer 13 is composed of Cr.
- C r is an antiferromagnetic material and not nonmagnetic, but in the sense that it is not a ferromagnetic material, the term “nonmagnetic” is also used below for Cr.
- each side in the present embodiment is as follows: long side (X direction) 700 _im, short side (y direction) 140 m, and thickness (z direction) 0.000 A, and the nonmagnetic layer 13 is 250 A.
- a method of manufacturing the magnetic bias film 11 configured as described above will be described below.
- a magnetic layer 12 made of CoPt alloy is formed on the surface of a substrate (not shown) by a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method, and Cr is formed on the upper surface of the magnetic layer 12 by a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method.
- the non-magnetic layer 13 made of is formed. Further, by repeatedly forming the magnetic layer 12 on the upper surface of the non-magnetic layer 13, it is possible to obtain a laminated film in which the magnetic layer 12 and the non-magnetic layer 13 are laminated in a plurality in the z direction. it can.
- the magnetic layer 12 in the laminated film is magnetized in the direction of arrow A (X direction).
- the magnetic bias film 11 can be obtained.
- this magnetic bias magnet 11 is not a substantially square, and the aspect ratio of the short side (y direction) and the long side (X direction) is in the range of 5 to 200 as in the first embodiment. More preferably, it is more preferably in the range of 10 to 200. That is, if the aspect ratio of the long side and the short side of the magnetic bias magnet 11 is smaller than 5, the stability of the bias magnetic field is reduced, and if the aspect ratio is larger than 200, the absolute value of the bias magnetic field is reduced. This is because the excessive strength becomes too large.
- the magnetic bias film 11 having such a laminated structure generates a larger magnetic field as compared with a magnetic bias film having a single-layer structure in which the thickness of the magnetic layer is simply increased like a conventional magnetic bias film. Can be. This will be described with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 4 shows the magnetic characteristics of a conventional magnetic bias film having a single-layer structure and a magnetic bias film having a multilayer structure of the present embodiment.
- the horizontal axis represents the thickness of the magnetic layer in units of A.
- the vertical axis represents the magnetization of the magnetic layer in units of emu.
- the results of the magnetic bias film having a laminated structure and a single-layer structure are shown by squares ( And inclined rectangles), and are connected by a solid line and a broken line, respectively, so that the results are substantially on a straight line.
- one layer of the magnetic layer 12 is set to 200 OA. Therefore, the thicknesses of 400 A, 600 OA, and 800 OA indicate that the magnetic layer 12 is composed of two, three, and four layers, respectively. A nonmagnetic layer 13 is inserted between the layers 12.
- the magnetization of the conventional single-layered magnetic bias film hardly changes in magnitude even when the film thickness is increased.
- the magnetization of the magnetic bias film having the laminated structure of the present embodiment increases in accordance with the film thickness. The reason for this has not been completely elucidated theoretically, but it is considered to be for the following reasons.
- FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a conventional magnetic bias film having a single-layer structure
- FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a magnetic bias film having a laminated structure according to the present embodiment. Each is a cross section on the xz plane in FIG.
- Crystal grains 14 exist inside the conventional magnetic bias film 15 having a single-layer structure shown in FIG.
- the direction of the magnetic moment of the crystal particle 14 is indicated by an arrow in the crystal particle 14.
- the crystal grains 14 are considered to be substantially elliptical as shown in FIG. 5.
- the major axis direction of the crystal grains 14 is relatively long. They exist in a random order along the direction (X direction). If the magnetic bias film 15 with a single-layer structure is simply made thicker, the number of crystal grains 14 present inside will increase accordingly, but the major axis of the crystal grains 14 will only be in the long side direction. However, it is also oriented in the thickness direction (z direction) perpendicular to the long side direction.
- the magnetic bias film 15 of the conventional single-layer structure generates a magnetic field in the long side direction of the magnetic bias film 15 of the single-layer structure as a whole, but the magnetic moment of each crystal grain 14 also has a component in the thickness direction of the magnetic bias film 15 having a single-layer structure.
- the magnetic field component in the thickness direction does not contribute to the strength of the magnetic field in the long side direction of the magnetic bias film 15 having the single-layer structure. It is considered that as the thickness of the magnetic bias film 15 having a single-layer structure increases, the component in the thickness direction of the magnetic moment of the crystal grain 14 increases. Therefore, even if the thickness of the magnetic bias film 15 having a single-layer structure is simply increased, it is considered that the magnetic field in the long-side direction does not increase correspondingly.
- the magnetic bias film 11 of the laminated structure of the present invention having a configuration in which the magnetic layer 12 is laminated via the nonmagnetic layer 13 shown in FIG. It is separated by three. Therefore, the orientation of each crystal grain 14 is governed by the thickness of each magnetic layer 12, and the major axis direction of the crystal grain 14 exists relatively uniformly in the long side direction. Accordingly, the component of the magnetic moment in the film thickness direction in each crystal grain 14 decreases, and it is considered that the magnetic moment of the crystal grain 14 contributes to the magnetic field strength in the longer side direction.
- the shape of the crystal grains 14 is substantially elliptical, it is particularly clear in the magnetic bias film 11 having a laminated structure of the present invention that the thickness of the magnetic layer 12 is thin. It is thought that this is because the crystal grain 14 has a substantially elliptical shape oriented in the long side direction during film formation or magnetization because of a flat structure in which the thickness direction is extremely short.
- the influence of the demagnetizing field which depends on the shape of the magnetic bias film 11, is present to some extent.
- the length of the magnetic bias film 11 in the direction (y direction) perpendicular to the paper surface is ignored, and the length in the horizontal direction (X direction) in FIGS. 5 and 6 is equal. That is, the magnetic bias film 11 having a single-layer structure and the magnetic layer 12 constituting the laminated structure differ only in their lengths in the thickness direction (z direction).
- the demagnetizing factor in the thickness direction (z direction) of the magnetic bias film 11 having the single-layer structure and the laminated structure is substantially the same.
- the demagnetizing factor in the X direction is large in the single-layer structure shown in FIG. 5 and small in one magnetic layer 12 constituting the laminated structure shown in FIG.
- the value of the demagnetizing factor in the X direction of both structures takes a value smaller than the demagnetizing factor in the z direction. Therefore, the difference in the value of the demagnetizing factor in the X direction and the z direction is larger in the stacked structure shown in FIG. 6 than in the single-layer structure shown in FIG.
- the magnetization in the X direction becomes stable.
- the difference between the effective magnetic field in the vertical direction (z direction) and the horizontal direction (X direction) on the paper is small, so the magnetization in the X direction becomes unstable, The magnetization tends to be oriented in the z direction (thickness direction).
- the thickness of the magnetic layer 12 is preferably in the range of 250 A to 2500 A. If the thickness of the magnetic layer 12 is less than 25 OA, the magnetic field generated from the magnetic layer 12 will decrease. On the other hand, even if the thickness of the magnetic layer 12 is made larger than 250 OA, as shown in FIG. 5, the thickness direction component of the magnetic moment of the crystal grain 14 becomes larger, and the magnetic field intensity hardly changes. Absent. Therefore, the thickness of the magnetic layer 12 is preferably set in the range of 250 A to 250 OA.
- the thickness of the nonmagnetic layer 13 is preferably in the range of 50 to 500 mm. In this case, if the thickness of the non-magnetic layer 13 is smaller than 5 OA, the magnetic layers 12 located above and below the non-magnetic layer 13 may interfere with each other and have an adverse effect. On the other hand, if the thickness of the nonmagnetic layer 13 is larger than 500 A, the entire thickness becomes thicker. Therefore, it is preferable that the thickness of the nonmagnetic layer 13 be set in the range of 50 A to 50 OA.
- the nonmagnetic layer 13 constituting the magnetic bias film 11 is not limited to Cr shown in the present embodiment, but may be Ti, Cu, Al, Sn, Nb, Au, Ag, Ta And non-magnetic elements such as W may be used.
- the magnetic layer 12 and the non-magnetic layer 13 are formed in the manufacture of the magnetic bias film 11, in the second embodiment of the present invention, an evaporation method or a sputtering method is applied to the surface of a substrate (not shown).
- the magnetic layer 12 and the non-magnetic layer 13 were formed by the method described above.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a CoPt alloy and Cr alternately multiple times by a wet method
- the layer 12 and the nonmagnetic layer 13 may be formed.
- a Co Pt precursor and a Cr precursor may be alternately applied a plurality of times by another wet method, and then fired to form the magnetic layer 12 and the non-magnetic layer 13.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a magnetic bias film according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic bias film 11 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of magnetic bias magnets 11A to 11C, and generates a magnetic field in the direction of arrow A (X direction).
- the magnetic bias magnet 11 A has a structure in which a plurality of magnetic layers 12 made of a CoPt alloy and a nonmagnetic layer 13 made of Cr are alternately laminated, and a long side (y direction), a short side (X direction) ), And the thickness (z direction) of the magnetic bias film 11A in the laminating direction is reduced in the order of the rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- each side in the present embodiment is 700 / m for the long side (y direction) and 140 for the short side (x direction), and the length between the magnetic bias magnets 11A and 11B, 11B and 11C.
- the distance between each is 10 m.
- the other magnetic bias magnets 11B and 11C also have the same configuration as the magnetic bias magnet 11A. Are arranged in the short side direction (X direction). These magnetic bias magnets 11 A to 11 C constitute a magnetic bias film 11.
- the aspect ratio of the short side (X direction) and the long side (y direction) of the magnetic bias magnets 11 A to 11 C is 5 to 200 as in the first and second embodiments. It is preferably in the range, and more preferably in the range of 10 to 200. That is, if the magnetic bias magnet 11 A to 11 C has a long side and short side with an aspect ratio of less than 5, the stability of the bias magnetic field decreases, and the aspect ratio becomes greater than 200. If it is large, the absolute intensity of the bias magnetic field becomes too large.
- a magnetic layer 12 made of a CoPt alloy is formed on the surface of a substrate (not shown) by vapor deposition or sputtering, and a non-magnetic layer made of Cr is formed on the upper surface of the magnetic layer 12 by vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the magnetic layer 13 is formed. Furthermore, by repeatedly forming the magnetic layer 12 on the upper surface of the non-magnetic layer 13, a laminated film in which a plurality of the magnetic layers 12 and the non-magnetic layer 13 are laminated can be obtained.
- the laminated film is divided by etching to obtain a plurality of substantially rectangular parallelepiped laminated films.
- the magnetic layer in the substantially rectangular parallelepiped laminated film is magnetized in the long side direction or the short side direction.
- Magnetic bias magnets 11 A to 11 C can be obtained.
- FIG. 8 is a top view of the magnetic bias film 11 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic layer 12 is magnetized in the short side direction (X direction) of the magnetic bias magnets 11A to 11C.
- arranging the magnetic moment in the short side direction (X direction) can generate a stable magnetic bias against an external magnetic field, rather than arranging the magnetic moment in the long side direction (y direction).
- the interaction between the magnetic bias magnets 11A to 11C and the magnetic layers 12 The interactions seem to be involved.
- FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a magnetic bias film having a laminated structure according to the present embodiment (see FIG. 7). Cross-sectional view on the xz plane).
- the magnetization direction of the middle magnetic layer 12 among the three magnetic layers 12 is different from the magnetization direction of the other magnetic layers. Seems to be the opposite. Therefore, it is preferable that the number of stacked magnetic layers 12 in the magnetic bias film of the present embodiment be an odd number. As a result, a magnetic bias film 11 whose characteristics are stable even against an external magnetic field can be obtained.
- the third embodiment of the present invention similarly to the above-described second embodiment of the present invention, there is an effect due to the configuration in which the magnetic layer 12 is laminated via the non-magnetic layer 13. That is, there is an effect that the magnetic field increases as the number of the magnetic layers 12 increases.
- the magnetic bias magnet 11 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which a plurality of magnetic layers 12 and nonmagnetic layers 13 are alternately stacked. 1 C are arranged side by side in the short side direction of the substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- These magnetic bias magnets 11 A to 11 C each have an aspect ratio of the short side and the long side set in the range of 5 to 200. This makes it possible to obtain a stronger magnetic field as compared with a magnetic bias film, thereby making it possible to reduce the size of the magnetic bias film and to obtain a stable magnetic field with respect to an external magnetic field.
- the thickness of the magnetic layer 12 and the thickness of the non-magnetic layer 13 are the same as those of the above-described second embodiment of the present invention.
- the thickness is preferably set in the range of 250 A to 250 OA, and the thickness of the nonmagnetic layer 13 is preferably set in the range of 50 A to 50 OA.
- non-magnetic layer 13 constituting the magnetic bias film 11 is not limited to Cr shown in the third embodiment of the present invention, and other Ti, Cu, Al, Non-magnetic elements such as Sn, Nb, Au, Ag, Ta, and W may be used.
- the method for obtaining the magnetic bias magnets 11A to 11C is the same as the method for manufacturing the magnetic bias film according to the third embodiment of the present invention described above.
- the method is not limited to the method of obtaining the magnetic bias magnets 11 A to 11 C by dividing the film by etching after forming the film.
- the magnetic bias magnets 11 A to 11 C that are divided from the beginning may be formed.
- a laminated film of a CoPt alloy and Cr may be formed using a mask having the shape of the magnetic bias magnet 11A to 11C.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a magnetic sensor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the magnetic sensor
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II ′ in FIG. Is a top view of the first and second magnetic detectors in the magnetic sensor
- FIG. 14 is an electric circuit diagram of the first magnetic detector in the magnetic sensor.
- the substrate 20 is preferably made of an insulating material such as alumina, and preferably has a glass glaze layer (not shown) formed on its upper surface (main surface). This is because the glass glaze layer easily obtains a smooth surface and facilitates formation of the first and second magnetic detection portions 21 and 22 on the upper surface thereof.
- each of the first magnetic detection unit 21 and the second magnetic detection unit 22 includes four magnetic detection elements.
- the magnetic detection element is an element for outputting a signal corresponding to the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field and detecting the direction of the magnetic field, for example, an element utilizing the magnetoresistance effect (the magnetoresistance effect). Element), a Hall element, a magneto-impedance effect element, and the like.
- These magnetic detecting elements are constituted by a magnetoresistive film formed on the upper surface of the substrate 20.
- the magnetoresistive film is made of a ferromagnetic thin film containing NiCo or NiFe, or a magnetic film such as a human lattice multilayer film.
- the magnetoresistive films constituting the first and second magnetic detection sections 21 and 22 are formed by folding a plurality of turns. This is because the number of magnets (for example, geomagnetism) to be measured crosses when multiple folds are folded, so that the resistance change increases and the detection sensitivity improves.
- the first insulating layer 2 3 A consists S I_ ⁇ 2 having an insulating property, by covering the first magnetic detection portion 2 1, the first magnetic bias to be described later 2 1 and the first magnetic detection portion It provides electrical insulation between the membrane 24. Further, since the second insulating layer 2 3 B also covers the S I_ ⁇ 2 force ⁇ Rannahli, the second magnetic detection portion 2 2 having a first insulating layer 2 3 A as well as insulating the second This electrically insulates the magnetic detection unit 22 from the second magnetic bias film 25 described later.
- the first magnetic bias film 24 is formed on the upper surface of the first insulating layer 23A, and applies a magnetic bias to the first magnetic detection unit 21.
- the first magnetic bias film 24 has the magnetic bias film 11 described in the third embodiment of the present invention, that is, the aspect ratio of the short side to the long side is 5 to 200.
- Magnetic bias magnets 11 A to l in which a plurality of magnetic layers 12 made of CoPt alloy and set in the range and magnetized in one direction and a nonmagnetic layer 13 made of Cr are alternately stacked.
- the second magnetic bias film 25 is formed on the upper surface of the second insulating layer 23 B, and applies a magnetic bias to the second magnetic detection unit 22.
- the magnetic bias film 11 described in the third embodiment of the present invention is also used as the second magnetic bias film 25.
- These first and second magnetic bias films 24 and 25 have a large rate of change in the resistance value of the first and second magnetic detection sections 21 and 22, and the change rate of the magnetic field is small. It is intended to make adjustment so as to change substantially linearly.
- the first coating layer 26 A is made of epoxy resin, silicon resin, or the like, and covers the first magnetic bias film 24.
- the second coating layer 26 B is made of epoxy resin, silicon resin, or the like, and covers the second magnetic bias film 25.
- the first magnetic detection element 27 A and the second magnetic detection element 27 B are electrically connected in series, and the longitudinal directions of the patterns are different by 90 °.
- the third magnetic detecting element 27C and the fourth magnetic detecting element 27D are also electrically connected in series, and the longitudinal directions of the patterns are different by 90 °. Further, the first magnetic detecting element 27 A and the second magnetic detecting element 27 B and the third magnetic detecting element 27 C and the fourth magnetic detecting element 27 D are electrically connected in parallel. It is connected.
- the longitudinal directions of the patterns of the first magnetic detection element 27A and the third magnetic detection element 27C are different from each other by 90 °.
- the first input electrode 28A is formed on the substrate 20 and is electrically connected to the first magnetic detection element 27A and the third magnetic detection element 27C.
- the first ground electrode 29A is electrically connected to the second magnetic detecting element 27B and the fourth magnetic detecting element 27D.
- the first output electrode 3 OA is electrically connected to the first magnetic detection element 27 A and the second magnetic detection element 27 B, and the second output electrode 30 B is connected to the third magnetic detection element 27 A.
- the second magnetic detection unit 22 has a fifth magnetic detection element 27 E to an eighth magnetic detection element 27 H and a second input electrode 2. 8B, a second ground electrode 29B, a third output electrode 30C, and a fourth output electrode 30D. These are the first magnetic detection element 27 A to the fourth magnetic detection element 27 D, the first input electrode 28 A, and the first ground electrode in the first magnetic detection unit 21, respectively.
- first input electrode 28 A and the second input electrode 28 B are electrically connected, and the first ground electrode 29 A and the second ground electrode 29 B are also electrically connected. ing.
- first magnetic detection unit 21 and the second magnetic detection unit 22 are electrically connected in parallel.
- 30 D is composed of silver or silver palladium, respectively.
- the first to fourth magnetic detection elements 27 A to 27 D constituting the first magnetic detection unit 21 are all formed of a magnetoresistive film, as shown in FIG. 14.
- the whole constitutes a Wheatstone bridge circuit. Therefore, the difference (differential output voltage) between the two output voltages obtained from the first output electrode 3OA and the second output electrode 30B increases, and the azimuth can be detected with high accuracy. Furthermore, since noise of two output voltages can be canceled, detection variations due to noise can be suppressed.
- the magnetic field 31 in FIG. 13 indicates the direction of the magnetic field applied by the first magnetic bias film 24 to the first magnetic detection unit 21.
- the magnetic field 32 indicates the direction of the magnetic field applied by the second magnetic bias film 25 to the second magnetic detection unit 22.
- the direction differs from the magnetic field 31 by 90 °. I have.
- first and second magnetic bias films 24, 25 The longitudinal direction of the magnetic field and each pattern of the first magnetic detecting element 27A to the eighth magnetic detecting element 27H forms an angle of 45 °.
- this angle is 0 ° or 180 °, the magnetic field generated in the first and second magnetic bias films 24 and 25 is reduced by the resistance of the first to eighth magnetic sensing elements 27 A to 27 H. Since it does not contribute to the change, it does not play the role of the bias magnetic field. Therefore, this angle may be other than 45 °, but is preferably an angle excluding 0 ° and 180 °.
- the first magnetic detecting element 27A to the eighth magnetic detecting element 27H, the first input electrode 28A, the second input electrode are formed on the upper surface of the substrate 20 by printing, vapor deposition, or the like.
- 28 B, first ground electrode 29 A, second ground electrode 29 B, first output electrode 30 A, second output electrode 30 B, third output electrode 30 C, and A fourth output electrode 30D is formed.
- the first magnetic detecting element 27A to the fourth magnetic detecting element 27D constitute a first magnetic detecting section 21 and a first input electrode 28A, a first ground. Electrode 29 A, first output electrode 30 A, and second output electrode 30 B are formed at predetermined positions.
- the fifth magnetic detecting element 27 E to the eighth magnetic detecting element 27 H constitute the second magnetic detecting section 22 and have the second input electrode 2.8 B, The ground electrode 29 B, the third output electrode 30 C, and the fourth output electrode 30 D are formed at predetermined positions.
- a first insulating layer 23 A is formed on the upper surface of the first magnetic detection unit 21, and a second insulating layer 23 B is formed on the upper surface of the second magnetic detection unit 22.
- the first insulating layer 23 A covers at least the first magnetic detecting element 27 A to the fourth magnetic detecting element 27 D, and the second insulating layer 23 B has at least the fifth magnetic detecting element 27 A.
- the magnetic detection element 27 E to the eighth magnetic detection element 27 H is Of the magnetic detection element 27 E to the eighth magnetic detection element 27 H.
- a first magnetic bias film 24 is formed on the upper surface of the first insulating layer 23 A at a position facing the first magnetic detection section 21 by vapor deposition, sputtering, or the like.
- a second magnetic bias film 25 is formed on the upper surface of the layer 23B at a position facing the second magnetic detection portion 22 by vapor deposition, sputtering, or the like.
- the directions of the respective magnetic fields are set by bringing the magnetic field generating coils close to the first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25.
- the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25 and the length of each pattern of the first magnetic detection element 27 A to the eighth magnetic detection element 27 H make sure that the directions make an angle of 45 °.
- the directions of the magnetic fields generated in the first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25 are made to differ from each other by approximately 90 °.
- a first coating layer 26 A is formed on the upper surface of the first magnetic bias film 24 by molding or the like, and the second coating layer 2 A is formed on the upper surface of the second magnetic bias film 25 by molding or the like.
- the magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention can be obtained by the above-described manufacturing method.
- first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25 are formed by a lift-off method, the first insulating layer 23 A, the second insulating layer 23 B, or the first magnetic The effect of preventing damage to the detection unit 21 and the second magnetic detection unit 22 can be obtained. That is, after a resist is applied to the non-formed portions of the first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25, the entire surface of the first insulating layer 23A and the second insulating layer 23B is formed.
- a first magnetic bias film 24 and a second magnetic bias film 25 may be provided at predetermined positions after removing a resist, respectively, after removing the resist.
- the unnecessary CoPt film can be simultaneously removed only by removing the resist, so that it is not necessary to directly remove the CoPt film unlike the etching method.
- the etching liquid or the like adheres or penetrates to the first insulating layer 23 A, the second insulating layer 23 B, the first magnetic detecting section 21, and the second magnetic output section 22. Can be prevented.
- the etching solution adheres to or penetrates the first insulating layer 23 A, the second insulating layer 23 B, or the first magnetic detecting section 21 and the second magnetic detecting section 22 to cause damage. And may deteriorate the moisture resistance.
- the lift-off method such a problem does not occur, and a highly reliable magnetic sensor as a direction sensor can be obtained.
- the direction of the magnetic field of the first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25 can be set simultaneously or continuously, so that productivity can be improved. it can.
- a magnetic thin film in which the direction of the magnetic field is already set may be arranged on the upper surfaces of the first insulating layer 23A and the second insulating layer 23B.
- FIGS. 10 to 14 when a predetermined voltage is applied between the first input electrode 28 A of the first magnetic detection unit 21 and the first ground electrode 29 A, the first magnetic detection element 27 A to the fourth magnetic detection element 27 D change in resistance according to the direction of the earth's magnetism. As a result, a voltage corresponding to the change in the resistance value is output from the first output electrode 3OA and the second output electrode 30B, so that a differential output voltage between the two can be detected.
- This differential output voltage changes depending on the angle at which the geomagnetism intersects with the first magnetic detection unit 21. When the direction of the geomagnetism is rotated by 360 °, it becomes a substantially sine wave.
- the fifth magnetic detection element 27 A resistance change occurs in the E to eighth magnetic detection elements 27 H according to the direction of the earth's magnetism.
- a voltage corresponding to the change in the resistance value is output from the third output electrode 30 C and the fourth output electrode 30 D, and the differential output voltage between the two can be detected.
- This differential output voltage also changes according to the angle at which the geomagnetism intersects with the second magnetic detection unit 15, as described above. When the direction of the geomagnetism is rotated by 360 °, a substantially sinusoidal wave is generated. It becomes.
- one differential output voltage and the other The phase with the output voltage is shifted 90 °. That is, assuming that a direction based on a certain one direction is 0, if one differential output voltage is A sin 0, the other differential output voltage is A cos 0. Since the ratio of these two outputs is t an 0, the azimuth 0 can be easily detected.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the bias magnetic field strength and the azimuth variation of the magnetic sensor according to the present embodiment. Even if the bias magnetic field strength is too strong or too weak, the azimuth variation detected by the magnetic sensor increases, so it is necessary to set the strength appropriately.
- the azimuth variation that can be tolerated for detecting the 36 azimuths is considered to be 7 °, so the bias magnetic field in this case is 5 to 20 ⁇ e, as shown in Fig. 15.
- the strength of the bias magnetic field may be further limited. For example, if the allowable azimuth variation is 5 °, the bias magnetic field may be set to 6 to 18 ° e, and more preferably, the bias magnetic field may be set to 7.5 to 15 ° e.
- the first and second magnetic bias films 24 and 25 for applying a magnetic bias to the first and second magnetic detecting units 21 and 22 having a magnetoresistance effect are provided.
- the magnetic layer 12 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape in which a plurality of magnetic layers 12 and non-magnetic layers 13 are alternately laminated, and an aspect ratio of a short side and a long side is set in a range of 5 to 200.
- a plurality of bias magnets 11A to 11C are arranged in the short side direction and a magnetic bias film 11 configured to generate a magnetic field in the short side direction is used. Therefore, the total thickness of the magnetic bias film 11 can be reduced, and a stable magnetic bias can be obtained. Thus, it is possible to obtain a magnetic sensor that has stable characteristics against an external magnetic field and can be downsized.
- the magnetic bias from the first magnetic bias film 24 is applied to the first magnetic detection unit 21, and the magnetic bias from the second magnetic bias film 25 is applied to the second magnetic detection unit 22. Is applied.
- a small, high-sensitivity magnetic sensor suitable for detecting the direction of terrestrial magnetism is provided. Obtainable.
- the output waveform from the first magnetic detection unit 21 And the output waveform from the second magnetic detection unit 22 has a phase difference of 90 °. 'By taking the ratio of these two waveform outputs, a magnetic sensor that can detect the direction of the external magnetic field with a simple configuration can be obtained.
- the magnetic field from the first magnetic bias film 24 and the magnetic field from the second magnetic bias film 25 may be at an angle other than 90 °.
- the first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25 are arranged so that the phases of the outputs of the first magnetic detector 21 and the second magnetic detector 22 are different from each other. What is necessary is just to make the direction of the magnetic field generated from different.
- the output of the first magnetic detector 21 takes the same value at two azimuth angles because of the sine wave, but the output of the first magnetic detector 21 and the second magnetic detector 21 One angle can be determined by the sign of the difference from the output of 22. Thereby, all directions in the range of 0 to 360 ° can be detected. At this time, it is necessary to change the directions of the magnetic fields so that the waveforms of the outputs of the first magnetic detection unit 21 and the second magnetic detection unit 22 do not overlap.
- the magnetic sensor of the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the magnetic sensor according to the present embodiment.
- the following modified examples can be considered.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of the magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic sensors shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 above are separate layers in which the insulating layer 23 A and the insulating layer 23 B are separated, and the coating layer 26 A and the coating layer 26 B are also separated.
- the magnetic sensor shown in FIG. 16 has a configuration in which the insulating layer 23 covers both the first magnetic detection unit 21 and the second magnetic detection unit 22.
- the coating layer 26 also covers the first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25. Even with such a configuration, the same effects as those of the magnetic sensor shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 can be obtained.
- the magnetic bias film 11 described in the second embodiment of the present invention that is, the magnetized magnetic layer 12, A layer in which a plurality of nonmagnetic layers 13 are alternately stacked may be used.
- the magnetic bias film 11 since the magnetic bias film 11 has the effect described in the second embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size of the magnetic sensor according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. This has the effect of becoming
- the first and second magnetic bias films 24 and 25 have the same length as the magnetic bias film described in the first embodiment of the present invention, that is, the longer side, the shorter side, and the thickness.
- the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G which have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and generate a magnetic field, are arranged by arranging a plurality of magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G in the direction of the short side. Good.
- a plurality of magnetic bias magnets 9 A to 9 G having the aspect ratios of the long side and the short side set in the range of 5 to 200 are arranged in the short side direction by aligning the direction of the magnetic field. Since the first and second magnetic bias films 24 and 25 using the magnetic bias film 9 configured as described above are provided, a stable magnetic bias can be obtained, and as a result, It is possible to obtain a magnetic sensor in which the characteristics of the magnetic field are stable with respect to the above magnetic field.
- FIG. 17 is a sectional view of a magnetic sensor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those of the magnetic sensor according to the above-described fourth embodiment of the present invention are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only different points will be described. I do.
- the difference between the magnetic sensor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention and the magnetic sensor according to the above-described fourth embodiment of the present invention is as follows.
- the first magnetic detector 21 and the second magnetic detector 22 are formed directly on the upper surface of the substrate 20.
- the first magnetic bias film 24 and the second magnetic bias film 25 are formed directly on the upper surface of the substrate 20. Even with such a configuration, the same effects as those of the magnetic sensor according to the above-described fourth embodiment of the present invention can be obtained.
- the magnetic sensor of the present invention is not limited to the contents described in the above-described fourth and fifth embodiments of the present invention.
- the first magnetic detection unit 21 and the second magnetic detection unit 22 are each formed by a wheel using four magnetic detection elements.
- the method of detecting the differential output voltage is adopted as a stone bridge circuit, a method of a half bridge circuit configuration using two magnetic detecting elements may be adopted. This will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the magnetic detection unit of the magnetic sensor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the first magnetic detection unit 21 It consists of a detection element 27 A and a second magnetic detection element 27 B, and by applying a predetermined voltage between the first input electrode 28 A and the first ground electrode 29 A, The voltage between the first output electrode 3 OA and the first ground electrode 29 A is detected.
- This circuit configuration is called a “half-bridge circuit” because it has half the configuration of a Wheatstone bridge circuit.
- the second magnetic detection unit 22 is configured similarly to the first magnetic detection unit 21.
- Such a half-bridge circuit configuration requires only half the number of detection elements and requires a small area for the circuit, as compared to a Wheatstone bridge circuit, so the circuit configuration is simple and advantageous for miniaturization. It is.
- the magnetic sensor as the direction sensor has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and other magnetic sensors using a magnetic bias may be used. It is also applicable to For example, it is useful for a small sensor that detects a particularly weak magnetic field, such as a magnetic impedance effect element.
- the magnetic bias magnets 9A to 9G in the first embodiment and the magnetic layer 12 in the second and third embodiments are made of a CoPt alloy.
- it may be composed of other CoCr alloy, CoCrPt alloy, or ferrite magnet.
- the CoCr alloy and the CoCrPt alloy, like the CoPt alloy have large magnetocrystalline anisotropy in addition to excellent magnet properties. Therefore, it is preferable as a material for a magnetic bias magnet that requires stability in a magnetic field direction.
- the insulating layer is made of SiO 2
- the insulating layer may be made of alumina, epoxy resin, silicon resin, or the like.
- a method of performing a heat treatment at a predetermined temperature while applying heat can also be mentioned as a means for positively imparting such unidirectional anisotropy (uniaxial anisotropy).
- the anisotropy imparted by film formation in a magnetic field or heat treatment in a magnetic field is generally called induced magnetic anisotropy.
- the magnetic sensing element has been described as being a ferromagnetic thin film or a superlattice multilayer film including NiCo and NiFe which are magnetoresistive films.
- it may be InSb or InAs, which are semiconductors having a high electron mobility and exhibit a magnetoresistance effect.
- the magnetic bias film according to the present invention can generate a stable and strong magnetic field in a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the magnetic layers are stacked. Therefore, it can be miniaturized and is suitable for a magnetic sensor, which is industrially useful.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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EP04772948A EP1662520A4 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-06 | MAGNETIC POLARIZATION FILM AND MAGNETIC SENSOR USING THE SAME |
JP2005513734A JP4461098B2 (ja) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-06 | 磁気バイアス膜およびこれを用いた磁気センサ |
US10/570,268 US7400143B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-06 | Magnetic bias film and magnetic sensor using the same |
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JP2012119518A (ja) * | 2010-12-01 | 2012-06-21 | Denso Corp | 回転角センサ |
DE112020007271T5 (de) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-05-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Magnetsensor und verfahren zur herstellung desselben |
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EP1814172A1 (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-01 | IEE International Electronics & Engineering S.A.R.L. | Magnetic field sensing element |
JP4485499B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-04 | 2010-06-23 | アルプス電気株式会社 | 磁気検出装置およびその製造方法 |
US8587297B2 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2013-11-19 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Integrated circuit including sensor having injection molded magnetic material |
US8058870B2 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2011-11-15 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Methods and systems for magnetic sensing |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US7400143B2 (en) | 2008-07-15 |
EP1662520A1 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
US20070018641A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
EP1662520A4 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
JP4461098B2 (ja) | 2010-05-12 |
JPWO2005024861A1 (ja) | 2006-11-16 |
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