WO2005004017A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergleichen von bauteilen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergleichen von bauteilen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005004017A1 WO2005004017A1 PCT/EP2004/007018 EP2004007018W WO2005004017A1 WO 2005004017 A1 WO2005004017 A1 WO 2005004017A1 EP 2004007018 W EP2004007018 W EP 2004007018W WO 2005004017 A1 WO2005004017 A1 WO 2005004017A1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
- G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
- G06Q30/0283—Price estimation or determination
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for comparing calculations for product components in different product types.
- the different product types are, for example, motor vehicles from different car manufacturers, in which the supplier parts from many different suppliers are installed. Approaches are desired in order to be able to compare the costs for supplied parts with one another and to be able to determine screws for cost reductions that are based on technical characteristics of the supplied parts.
- an information system for components is known.
- a user enters a specification for components in the information system.
- Component types are determined that meet the specification.
- the information system accesses various management systems, e.g. For example, one for part numbers, one for quality assurance, one for inventory management, one for sales management, one for recording and monitoring costs, one for production planning and one for sales control.
- the 'determined components are displayed in a specific order, the z. B. from the Frequency of use and the degree of standardization of the respective component.
- a system and a method are known to compare the manufacturing costs of different product variants and to determine the set screws to reduce costs.
- the product variants are manufactured on the same production line, with components being assembled.
- the actual manufacturing costs of at least one component that is used in several product variants are determined.
- Target costs are calculated for the component for each product variant by multiplying the actual production costs by a coefficient which depends on the mixing ratio of the production line, that is to say on the proportion of the product variants in the total number of pieces.
- the actual costs and the target costs are divided into cost components, e.g. B. in raw material costs, labor costs, processing costs, energy costs and depreciation.
- the comparison between actual cost components and target cost components reveals the set screws for cost reductions.
- DE 10213830 AI does not describe how the identified cost components and product variants can contribute to finding technical changes in products or components.
- a method for component variants of a mass product eg. B. a motor vehicle to determine, evaluate and graphically represent in a variant tree.
- evaluation criteria are defined, with the help of which the component variants with regard to their quantity and their importance for the mass production duct rated.
- the component variants shown in the variant tree are evaluated according to the criteria. For example, a component variant is rated highly if it is installed in many motor vehicle variants or in motor vehicle variants with large quantities.
- a system and a method are known for z. B. for supplied components.
- a user specifies a cost reduction target and a procedure to generate a baseline price.
- the user specifies a statistical method, such as a moving average.
- Actual prices for operations in the Past e.g. B. the supply of components are determined.
- a target price is calculated for each transaction and compared with the actual price of the transaction.
- a savings potential is determined from the comparisons.
- an apparatus which reduces the cost of a product, e.g. B. estimates the manufacturing cost of a motorcycle.
- the manufacturing costs can be calculated.
- the calculated costs that the manufacturing z. B. caused a component in your own company, can be compared with the cost of manufacturing by a supplier.
- it can be approximately predicted how changes to the "product shape", for example its construction, as well as various manufacturing processes affect the cost of the product.
- the device uses information about the product to be manufactured, for example its shape , Manufacturing costs for components as well as information about influencing factors, e.g. labor costs, costs for materials. experts estimate costs.
- a user classifies manufacturing steps (“processes”) that are carried out, for example, to manufacture a motorcycle.
- Cost tables are used to estimate the costs for carrying out manufacturing steps in a category.
- the invention has for its object to provide a device and a method by which there are technical causes for differences, for. B. Causes of different costs to be determined between the same product components in different product types.
- a calculation for a component is understood to mean the way and the result of a systematic derivation of a parameter of the component. Examples of such a parameter are:
- the derivation of the parameter depends on the technical characteristics of the component, e.g. B. from dimensions, and / or the manufacturing process for the manufacture of the component.
- the calculation preferably takes into account different types of costs, e.g. B. Costs of materials, use of machinery and overheads.
- a calculation processor can be used to carry out a calculation, e.g. B. the known from EP 1168225 AI.
- the device according to the invention is implemented on the basis of a data processing system. It includes an electronic listing of product types, e.g. B. of motor vehicle series of different car manufacturers and different variants of the series. In the case of motor vehicles, “product type” is understood to mean a series or a variant of a series. The use of the electronic listing ensures that no product type is taken into account several times, for example under different names.
- the device also includes an electronic parts list valid for each product type. This parts list describes a mental breakdown of a product of the product type into its components. The product is preferably disassembled functionally, and the parts list includes all components of the product.
- this generic parts list which is valid for all product types, ensures that a component in each calculation is given the same name and designates the same components of a product, regardless of the product type for which a calculation for the component is based relates. This makes components and calculations comparable. Avoiding z. For example, a calculation for the component "drive" in one calculation only refers to the engine, in another calculation it refers to the complete drive train. Furthermore, the generic parts list specifies characteristics for the components. This specification is also for each product -Type valid and ensures that the same characteristic is always the same and has the same meaning.
- the device further comprises an electronic description database with automatically evaluable descriptions for each component appearing in the parts list.
- Each description for a component refers to a component of the parts list and to a product type that appears in the list.
- the description specifies characteristics, that is, values or ranges of values, of characteristics of the component in this product type.
- the generic parts list determines which features the component has.
- the product types can, however, differ in the form of different characteristics, i.e. values or ranges of values, of the characteristics of the same component. For example, different motor vehicles differ in that they have different values for the “displacement” characteristic of the “engine” component.
- the device comprises an electronic calculation database with calculations. Each of these calculations relates to a stock that appears in the parts list. part and on a product type appearing in the list. Because the calculations relate to one entry in the list and one in the parts list, they are comparable.
- database here means any type of permanent or temporary data storage, for example a hierarchical, relational, object-oriented or object-relational database, a lot of XML files, a file management system with files or even an unstructured data store connected to one Semantic network and a search engine A combination of different data storage systems is also possible
- the data stored in the database can be stored, for example, on a permanent memory of a data processing device or a portable data storage medium, for example a CD-ROM.
- the device further comprises a device for selecting at least one component appearing in the parts list and a device for automatically determining all calculations which relate to a selected component. After a component has been selected from the parts list with the selection device, the determination device automatically determines all calculations which relate to the selected component.
- the device also has a device for generating a comparison of the calculated calculations.
- This comparison shows all the calculated calculations that relate to a previously selected component, as well as the descriptions of this component in the respective product types. If, for example, the component “engine” is selected, the determination device determines all calculations that relate to one engine each. Let A_l, ..., A_5 be the five types of motor vehicles to which these engine calculations refer. The comparison includes these five calculations and the five descriptions of the engine in the five motor vehicle types I, ..., A 5. Through the device and the method, all calculations relating to a previously selected product component are found and compared automatically, quickly and without errors.
- the calculations of a comparison relate to the same product component, they are comparable with each other. This makes the differences between the same product component in the different product types transparent and understandable. Because the comparison includes technical descriptions of the component in the respective product types, the comparison makes it easier to find technical differences of the component in the product types that lead to different results of the respective calculation. Certain product types in which the component z. B. is associated with particularly high costs, high weight or low availability, can be identified. The variants of the component in these product types are therefore the cause of the different results.
- the comparison with their descriptions of the component links the results of the calculations with the technical content and properties of the components considered in the comparison.
- the comparison provides the technical causes of different results of the calculations and thus adjustment screws for technical changes to the component, e.g. B. constructive changes to the component or changes in the process for manufacturing the component.
- the device enables a manufacturer, for. B. of motor vehicles to compare the components of his vehicles with each other and with those of competing vehicle manufacturers, e.g. B. in terms of procurement costs or weight. It is also possible to have a vehicle that has so far only been designed or even only was roughly designed, but is not yet produced, to be compared with vehicles offered on the market and starting points for technical improvements, e.g. B. lead to lower costs or better availability. Therefore, the comparison can be made early in the product creation process.
- the embodiment according to claim 2 provides not only to disassemble the product, but also the product components that appear in the generic parts list.
- the parts list also includes a mental breakdown of each component into components. This disassembly applies to all product types.
- At least one calculation in the calculation database contains information on how each component of the component to which the calculation relates has a share in the result of the calculation. This information thus provides a distribution of the result of the calculation to the components of the component to which the calculation relates.
- the comparison generating device can generate a partial comparison for each component of the selected component.
- the partial comparison for a component shows what share the component has in the results of the calculations of the comparison.
- the partial comparison shows the contributions of the component to the results of the calculations.
- the comparison created is constructed to include all partial comparisons for the components of the selected component.
- Components of the component that make a large contribution to the result of the calculation in certain product types can be identified using the comparison. If the calculations relate to costs, the components in these product types are the cost drivers. The descriptions of the component provide the technical characteristics of these cost drivers and thus set screws for technical changes to the component.
- the generic parts list comprises at least one characteristic for each component.
- This disassembly applies to all product types.
- each component description in the component database includes the values, that is, the values or ranges of values that the components of the component have in the respective product type.
- a comparison created also includes the characteristics that have the characteristics of the components of the selected component in the product types to which the calculations refer. As a result, the comparison shows, in addition to the calculations, the different configurations of the component in the product types.
- Each calculation for a component also includes the costs for the components of the component.
- the calculations relate to costs such.
- the costs consist of different cost types.
- the device comprises an electronic list with the possible cost types of a calculation, this cost type list being valid for all components of the parts list and all product types of the listing. Therefore, the cost calculations are made up exclusively of cost types from this list.
- Each calculation in the calculation database includes a partial calculation for each cost element in the cost element list. It is possible that in a calculation individual cost elements have nothing to do with the result of the calculation, so contribute to the total cost.
- the comparison generating device comprises means for dividing a generated comparison into the cost types of the cost type list. This enables the generated comparison to distinguish the components in the product types with regard to different types of costs and z.
- the device creates a comparison of cost calculations in which not all cost types, but only certain previously selected cost types from the list of cost types appear (claim 6). The unselected cost types are automatically removed from the comparison.
- the device makes it possible to generate an optimal calculation, which is composed of partial calculations of the comparison.
- the device comprises a device which makes it possible to select a calculation contained in the comparison for each cost element in the cost element list. If, for example, the cost element list consists of three different cost elements, each calculation in the comparison consists of three partial costings.
- the device makes it possible to select a first calculation for the first cost element, a second calculation for the second cost element and a third calculation for the third cost element. The same calculation can be selected for different cost types. The selection is made, for example, by selecting the product type to which the calculation relates.
- the device generates an optimal calculation, which consists of a partial calculation per cost element in the cost element list.
- the partial calculation of this optimal calculation which refers to cost element K_x, is the same as the partial calculation for cost element K_x in that calculation the comparison that was selected for cost element K_x.
- FIG. 1 shows an architecture of the device according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a window for selecting a construction module and one to three vehicle types
- a product type is a type of a motor vehicle.
- vehicle type instead of “product type” is used below.
- a vehicle type is preferably characterized by the following definitions: the designation of the vehicle type,
- the motorization e.g. diesel or gasoline engine as well as the number of cylinders and cubic capacity
- the device according to the invention is implemented with the aid of a network central computer (“server”) 10 and a plurality of network subscriber computers (“clients”) 20.1, 20.2.
- the network subscriber computers 20.1, 20.2 are connected to the network central computer by an intranet.
- the architecture of the device comprises the following three layers: the data storage layer for data storage, the application layer for carrying out the evaluations and generating the comparisons, and
- the display layer for displaying the generated comparisons.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary architecture of the device according to the invention.
- the network central computer is connected to two network subscriber computers 20.1, 20.2.
- the arrows in Fig. 1 represent data flows.
- an electronic vehicle list 110 which lists all the vehicle types considered, the vehicle Types preferably come from different vehicle manufacturers
- a generic parts list 120 that is to say an electronic parts list valid for each vehicle type, which describes the dismantling of a motor vehicle into its components and specifies at least one feature for each component.
- the generic parts list 120 further includes an electronic specification list for each characteristic, which defines the possible characteristics of the characteristic, a generic list 121 with the standard configurations of construction modules, which is also valid for all vehicle types for which nothing different is specified is an electronic list 130 with cost types, which is valid for all calculations, an electronic supplier list 140 with those suppliers who deliver at least one product component for at least one vehicle type or at least are eligible for delivery, an electronic one Description database 150 with automatically evaluable descriptions.
- Each of these descriptions relates to a component appearing in the generic parts list 120, each component description being valid for at least one vehicle type appearing in the vehicle list 110.
- Each description includes a reference to a component in the generic parts list 120 and at least one reference to a vehicle type in the vehicle list 110.
- a description in the description database 150 thus consists of a list of features of the component and the characteristics of these features valid for the vehicle type, an electronic calculation database 160 with calculations that relate in each case to a component appearing in the parts list 120 and to a vehicle type appearing in the list, an electronic comparison database 161 with automatically evaluable specifications for the generation of a comparison Internet response program (“Web Server”) 180, which accepts requests and inquiries received from a network subscriber computer 20.1 or 20.2, for example via the HTTP protocol, and the responses and reactions generated by the network central computer 10 to the requesting party Forwards network subscriber computers,
- Web Server Internet response program
- An Internet response program 180 is understood to mean a program on the network central computer 10 which transmits Internet pages (“web pages”) to inquiring network subscriber computers 20.1, 20.2.
- a requesting network subscriber computer 20.1, 20.2 has previously made the request by means of transmits an Internet address specific to the Internet response program 180 to the Internet response program 180, for example by selecting certain alternatives in an Internet page represented by the Internet access program 190.1, 190.2.
- the address has the form of a "Uniform Resource Identifier" (URI). How a URI is structured is described at http: //www.w3. org / Addressing /, queried on January 8, 2003.
- the website is either static or dynamic.
- a dynamic website is generated by the Internet response program 180.
- the Internet response program sends 180 queries to one of the databases and uses the answers to generate the Internet page.
- the linking software 170 allows one database system to be replaced by another without having to change the rest of the device.
- each network subscriber computer 20.1, 20.2 an Internet access program (“web browser”) 190.1, 190.2, which can send queries to the network central computer 10 and an Internet page transmitted by the network central computer 10 is capable of displaying a spreadsheet program 191.1, 191.2, which generates comparisons in tabular and graphical form, and an interface program 192.1, 192.2, which acts as an information forwarding interface between the programs and databases on the network central computer 10 and the spreadsheet program 191.1, 191.2 this network subscriber computer 20.1, 20.2 acts.
- web browser Internet access program
- 190.1, 190.2 which can send queries to the network central computer 10 and an Internet page transmitted by the network central computer 10 is capable of displaying a spreadsheet program 191.1, 191.2, which generates comparisons in tabular and graphical form
- an interface program 192.1, 192.2 which acts as an information forwarding interface between the programs and databases on the network central computer 10 and the spreadsheet program 191.1, 191.2 this network subscriber computer 20.1, 20.2 acts.
- Those components of the device according to the invention which are stored on the network subscriber computers 20.1, 20.2 belong to the presentation layer.
- the following features are stored in the vehicle list 110 for each vehicle type: a description of the vehicle type, an identification of the motorization of the vehicle type,
- vehicle types are preferably classified according to different vehicle segments. This classification is also stored in the vehicle list 110. Examples of vehicle segments are “luxury class sedan”, “middle class sedan”, “small car sedan”, “off-road vehicle”, “sports car” and “small van”.
- the generic parts list 120 forms an intellectual functional breakdown of a vehicle into its components. It is complete, ie it includes all components. In a preferred embodiment, it comprises the following six levels of detail:
- the “product components” are the functional modules, the subsystems, the subsystems, the main parts and the lower parts of a vehicle.
- the overall vehicle consists of several functional modules, one functional module from several subsystems, one subsystem from several Subsystems and so on.
- Examples of functional modules are: Passenger cell - bodyshell door, cockpit,
- instrument panels is functionally broken down into the following subsystems: instrument panel above, instrument panel bottom right with glove compartment,
- Each product component is identified by a sequence of digits.
- the function modules are identified by two digits, the "cockpit” function module by the digits "10".
- the subsystems are identified by four digits, the first two digits of which are those of the higher-level main system.
- the "dashboards” subsystem in the "cockpit” function module is identified by the sequence "10 10”.
- the subsystems are identified by six digits, the first four digits of which are those of the higher-level subsystem.
- the “dashboard and center console nozzles" subsystem in the "instrument panels” subsystem is identified by the sequence "10 10 60".
- the main parts are identified by nine digits, of which the first six digits are those of the parent subsystem.
- the main part “Defroster nozzle outside left” in the subsystem "nozzles instrument panel and center console” is characterized by the sequence "10 10 60 001".
- defroster nozzle on the left in the instrument panel with clips attached and not screwed defroster nozzle on the left in the instrument panel with clips and screwed on.
- the possible cost types into which a calculation can be divided are listed in the electronic list 130 for cost types.
- a calculation in the calculation database 160 is divided into all or at least some of these cost types.
- the following types of costs are distinguished in the list of costs 130:
- Sub-cost types are defined for these cost types. Some of these sub-cost types are mutually exclusive, others complement each other. There are sub-cost types for the material costs
- Such a description can be carried out automatically.
- an evaluating program on the network central computer 10 can automatically identify each sub-part, each feature and each characteristic in the description without a doubt.
- This is achieved with a structured data storage.
- filing is carried out in the data format "eXtensible Markup Language” (XML).
- XML eXtensible Markup Language
- a description of XML is disclosed at http: //www.w3. Org / xml, queried on January 8, 2003.
- Technical descriptions are preferably stored in a feature of the product component provided for this purpose. For example, for a main part in a vehicle type A it is specified: The hinge must withstand a load of 40 kg permanently. For the same main part in a vehicle type B the following is specified: The hinge must withstand a load of 20 kg for a short time.
- Cost calculations are stored in the electronic calculations database 160. Each calculation includes a traceable route and the result of a systematic derivation of the procurement costs that an automobile manufacturer has to spend on a specific component of a motor vehicle. Each calculation has the following attributes, which act as the default for the calculation:
- the product component to which the calculation relates the attribute value being in the form of a reference to a component in the generic parts list 120,
- At least one vehicle type contained in the vehicle list 110 one supplier contained in the supplier list 140, the calculation relating to the costs for the procurement of the product component from this supplier, the quantity of the component that the Calculation is based, for. B. 40,000 pieces, if components are required for 10,000 vehicles of one type and each vehicle has four of these components, the date or the time on which the calculation is valid, the type of calculation,
- At least one resource that is used in the manufacture of the product component a region or a location in which this component is manufactured, e.g. B. a state or federal state, where the calculation relates to production in this region or location,
- the target price calculation provides a detailed derivation of the costs of a component, taking into account manufacturing times, application factors and / or parameters of the component and z.
- the negotiation result sets the price per component at which a supplier delivers a certain amount of the component to the vehicle manufacturer.
- the materials include the materials from which the component is made, as well as the auxiliary and operating materials that are consumed during production without being contained in the finished component. Examples of resources are production lines, machine tools, clamping devices and workers who need a certain amount of time to manufacture a component.
- the following components of the device are implemented with the aid of the Internet access program 190.1, 190.2 on a network subscriber computer 20.1, 20.2 and the Internet pages represented by the latter: the device for selecting at least one vehicle type appearing in the vehicle list 110, the Device for selecting at least one component appearing in the generic parts list 120,
- the device for selecting at least one cost type appearing in the cost element list 130 a device for selecting a calculation contained in the comparison for each cost type in the cost element list 130.
- a user of a network subscriber computer 20.1 uses the device according to the invention to generate comparisons. He first calls up an Internet access program 190.1 and enters the Internet address of the Internet response program 180 stored on the network central computer 10 in this.
- the Internet response program 180 generates a response in the form of an HTML document which represents the Internet access program 190.1 on the screen of the network subscriber computer 20.1.
- the HTML document acts as a start window.
- the user enters a user ID and a password and then has access to the functionalities of the device described below. Because any user can call the start window who knows the address of the Internet response program 180 and uses a network subscriber computer 20.1 with an Internet access program 190.1, protection against unauthorized use is required. The same applies to a user of the network subscriber computer 20.2 with the Internet access program 190.2.
- the functionalities of the device according to the invention can be divided into three groups: generating and displaying sections from the generic parts list 120;
- the functionalities of these three groups can be called up by selecting one of the three selection items 211.1 ("generic parts list”), 211.2 ("component descriptions") and 211.3 ("comparisons").
- the Internet access program 190.1 on the subscriber computer 20.1 creates a window 200.1 on the screen after selection of the selection point 211.1 of a network subscriber computer 20.1. This window is divided into two sub-windows 201.1 and 201.2. In the left pane 201.1, a user selects the next action. For this purpose, the left sub-window 201.1 comprises the three selection items 211.1, 211.2 and 211.3.
- the right-hand sub-window 201.2 further comprises three permanently shown selection menus 210.1, 210.2 and 210.3.
- the function modules of the generic parts list 120 are shown in the selection menu 210.1.
- Each function module is represented by its two identifying digits and its name, e.g. "10 Cockpit”.
- the subsystems of this function module are shown in selection menu 210.2.
- the subsystems listed above are "Instrument panel” to "Cross member "listed.
- Each subsystem is represented by the last two identifying digits and its name, e.g. B. "10 Instrument panel ".
- the subsystems of this subsystem are shown in the selection menu 210.3.
- the subsystems” instrument panel above "to” wiring harness "are shown in the selection menu 210.3 are each identified by their last two digits, e.g.
- a fourth selection menu 210.4 is generated and displayed in which the main parts of the subsystem "nozzles instrument panel and center console" contained in the generic parts list 120 are listed the main parts "Defroster nozzle outside left” to "Fastening device for nozzle knee protection”.
- a pictogram is shown to the left of each main part, e.g. B. a right-pointing arrow.
- the lower parts of this main part are shown, ie the lower parts "Frame” to "Small parts".
- Selection menu 210.4 between the main part "Defroster nozzle outside left” and the following main part "Defroster nozzle outside right”. This configuration saves another main menu.
- the window 200.1 with the selection menus 210.1 to 210.5 belong to the device for selecting at least one product component occurring in the generic parts list 120.
- a clear tree-like representation of the information contained in the generic parts list 120 about the main part is generated.
- Fig. 3 shows an example of the main part "defroster nozzle outside left” a section of this representation.
- the root of this tree-like representation is the name of the main part.
- the successor to the root is shown on the one hand by the features of the main part “defroster nozzle on the outside left” and on the other hand by its lower parts.
- a user can select a shown lower part or feature and “unfold” or “fold” the following information.
- a product component it can be noted in the generic parts list 120 that it is optimal. Then this product component is not necessarily present in every vehicle, but only in some vehicle types.
- An example of an optimal product component is the "navigation system" subsystem - only some vehicle types are offered with a navigation system.
- FIG. 4 shows a window 200.2 for selecting a component and vehicle types.
- the left partial window 201.2 in turn comprises the three selection points 211.1, 211.2 and 211.3.
- the right sub-window 202.2 includes the selection menus 210.1 to 210.4 described above and three further selection menus 220.1, 220.2 and 220.3 for vehicle types.
- a user selects a body as described above, e.g. B.
- the main part "Defroster nozzle outside left”. He also selects one to three vehicle types using the three selection menus 220.1, 220.2 and 220.3. For the following example, he selects the three types A_l, A_2 and A_3. After these selections a comparison of three component descriptions for the main part "defroster nozzle outside left" is generated in the three vehicle types A_l, A_2 and A_3.
- This comparison is preferably in the form of a table.
- This table has four columns, namely a column for the designations of lower parts of the selected main part and their characteristics, and one column each for the three vehicle types A_l, A_2 and A_3.
- the table has one row per subpart and also one line per characteristic of the main part and one line per characteristic of each subpart.
- the characteristics that the respective characteristic has in the respective vehicle type are automatically entered.
- the field in the column for the vehicle type A_l and the characteristic "manufacturing process" of the main part has the entry "injection molding PBT / PC GF30".
- the field in the column for vehicle type A_2 and the characteristic "haptic" of the lower part "H-slats" has the entry "hard”.
- the Internet response program 180 generates this comparison by read access to the generic parts list 120 and the electronic description database 150.
- the generic parts list 120 and the description database 150 it takes the characteristics of the main part, the lower parts and the characteristics of these characteristics for the three vehicle types A_l, A_2 and A_3. Because of the structured data storage, the evaluation is carried out quickly and without errors, which would not be possible with an unstructured data storage in free text.
- the generic parts list 120 comprises a mental decomposition of a vehicle into its functional components.
- Complete construction modules are often preassembled for the manufacture of a vehicle, checked in advance and only then delivered to the production line for the vehicle. Which main parts comprise such a building module is often determined depending on manufacturing aspects, e.g. B. good mountability.
- a construction module can therefore contain main parts that belong to different function modules of the generic parts list 120.
- a standard configuration of the construction module is preferably defined, that is to say a listing of those main parts of the generic parts list 120 that belong to the construction module. This standard configuration is valid for all vehicle types for which nothing else has been specified. A different configuration of the construction module can be specified for a vehicle type. A construction module can therefore be configured differently in different vehicle types.
- the device according to the invention creates a comparison of the configuration of construction modules in different vehicle types.
- 5 shows a window 200.3 with two sub-windows 201.3 and 202.3 for selecting a construction module and one to three vehicle types.
- the right-hand sub-window 202.3 comprises the selection menus 220.1, 220.2 and 220.3 already described for selecting up to three vehicle types and a further selection menu 230.1 for construction modules.
- Examples of construction modules that are displayed in the selection menu 230.1 are the "cockpit module”, which should not be confused is with the function module “Cockpit”, the front module, the roof module and the door module.
- the construction module "Cockpit module” and the vehicle types A_l, A_2 and A_3 After selecting the construction module "Cockpit module” and the vehicle types A_l, A_2 and A_3, a comparison is generated, the three columns for the three selected vehicle types A_l, A_2 and A_3.
- the column for A_l lists the main parts of the construction module "Cockpit module” in vehicle type A_l. For example, these are the following main parts, which are related to the construction module "Cockpit module” and to various function modules include: airbag driver, left outer nozzle,
- FIG. 1 shows not only the main parts of the selected construction module in the respective vehicle type, but also the characteristics of all main parts and their lower parts as well as the characteristics of all these characteristics in vehicle types A_l, A_2 and A_3.
- the construction module is completely pre-assembled and delivered to the respective vehicle manufacturer.
- the main parts of the construction module are manufactured separately and delivered to the respective vehicle manufacturer. This installs the main parts in the vehicle.
- the comparison shows on the one hand which main parts of the construction module and with which proportions contribute to the costs for the production of the construction module.
- the comparison shows a comparison for different vehicle types. The comparison thus enables a decision to be made between the two alternatives mentioned above for certain vehicle types. Furthermore, it enables z. B. to find an optimal configuration for a construction module in a vehicle type.
- the selection point 211.3 accordingly has several sub-selection points which are shown after “clicking” on the selection point 211.3.
- the following describes how a new comparison for a component is created and displayed.
- the user determines the desired type of comparison. On the one hand, he selects whether he will only specify a product component or a product component and also a supplier. On the other hand, it determines whether the comparison should relate to a time period and several vehicle types or to a vehicle type and several time periods. As an example, the sequence is described below, which is carried out after the user has determined that he will specify a product component and also a supplier and the comparison to be generated should relate to a time period and several vehicle types.
- the user specifies that the comparison should contain the latest calculations. Alternatively, the user can also have a fixed period of time, e.g. B. specify the year 2002. Furthermore, in the second step, he determines to which decomposition level the comparison should refer. The alternatives “subsystems”, “main parts”, “lower parts” and “all decomposition levels” are offered. In the second step, he also selects a product component of the previously selected decomposition level, e.g. B. the main part "defroster nozzle outside left". 6 shows an example of window 200.4 for the selection processes in the second step.
- the right sub-window 202.4 comprises three sub-windows 203.1, 203.2 and 203.3.
- the sub-window 203.1 comprises a virtual button 240.1 for determining that the most current status should be selected in each case and an input field 241.1 for entering a period of time.
- the sub-window 203.2 comprises a selection menu (not shown) for selecting a decomposition level.
- the sub-window 203.3 is used to select a product component of the decomposition level selected in the sub-window 203.2.
- the sub-window 203.3 is constructed as described above and shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, that is to say with selection menus 210.1 to 210.4.
- an alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 6. The user selects a component either by entering its identifying digits or by selection using selection menus.
- sub-window 203.3 has five input fields 241.2 to 241.6 and five selection menus for function modules, subsystems, subsystems, main parts " and sub-parts, of which in FIG. 6 the selection menu 210.1 for function modules and the two selection menus 210.6 for main parts and 210.7 for To select the main part "defroster nozzle on the left", the user either enters the numbers "10” in the input field 241.2, "10” in the input field 241.3, "60” in the input field 241.4 and "001" in the input field 241.4 a.
- the user can restrict the search for calculations by specifying certain attribute values for some attributes of the calculations. It is also possible that the user makes no restriction.
- the user can specify attributes: the vehicle segment to which the vehicle types belong, to which the calculations of the comparison to be generated relate, the vehicle type,
- the Internet response program 180 searches for calculations that correspond to the specifications of the specification. For example, in the second step, the user specified that the most current status should be selected in each case, selected the main part “defroster nozzle on the outside left” and in the third step specified the vehicle segment “upper-class sedan”. Then all calculations are determined that relate to the main part "Defroster nozzle outside left” in vehicle types of the vehicle segment "Upper class sedan” and are not outdated by a more recent calculation.
- the user selects all or only at least one of these calculated calculations. In the example described below, he selects the three calculations K_l, K_2, K_3 from the five calculations determined. He assigns a name for the comparison to be created and optionally writes a short description of the comparison. The user also selects which cost types are to be taken into account in the comparison. He can stipulate that all cost elements are to be taken into account, or he selects at least one cost element from the cost element list 130. He also defines sub-cost elements for the selected cost elements. The device according to the invention ensures that the user cannot select two mutually exclusive sub-cost types.
- the comparison is preferably generated in the form of a binary file by the Internet response program 180, transmitted to the requesting network subscriber computer 20.1 and displayed using the spreadsheet program 191.1 installed there.
- the Internet response program 180 accesses the calculation database 160 via the link software 170.
- the calculations in this calculation database 160 are stored in a structured manner and structured in accordance with the generic parts list 120 and the cost element list 130.
- the comparison created with the determined and selected calculations comprises the following elements: a table for a breakdown by component, a graphical representation of a breakdown by component, a table for a breakdown by cost element, a graphical representation of a breakdown by cost element.
- the component breakdown table consists of six columns.
- the names of the components of the selected product component are displayed, in this example, the names of the lower parts of the selected main part "defroster nozzle outside left”.
- the selected calculations K_l, K_2, K_3 The fifth column can be used to generate an opti Use times calculation.
- the table For each sub-part of the selected main part, the table comprises one line, and furthermore a line for the total costs for procuring the selected main part.
- the fields in the table indicate the costs for the procurement of the respective lower part which are included in the procurement costs of the main part "Defroster nozzle outside left".
- the optimal calculation is generated from the five calculations K_l, ..., K_5 and also relates to the selected main part "defroster nozzle outside left".
- the cheapest of each of the three values is automatically selected in each line for a lower part
- the x3.3 is selected because this value is the cheapest of the three values x3.1, x3.2 and x3.3 for the lower part "H-slats". This will carried out for all lower parts, also for assembly and logistics costs.
- the most favorable value is marked in bold in FIG. 7.
- the user can select another value and change the value entered in the fifth column.
- the values in the fifth column are again added so that the following applies:
- This optimal calculation provides information for technical improvements, e.g. B. for a design of lower parts, which lead to lower costs.
- the graphic representation of a breakdown by component shows the content of the table just described in graphic form.
- the breakdown of the costs for the lower parts is represented graphically by five bar charts or five pie charts for the five selected calculations or by a bar chart with five bars per lower part.
- a table is created and displayed that shows a comparison with a breakdown by cost type.
- the user has specified the six types of costs shown.
- the user specifies that the comparison should consist of all calculations based on a previously selected supplier.
- the device determines all the calculations stored in the calculation database 160 which relate to this supplier. Calculations based on offers from or negotiation results with this supplier are determined, as well as estimates and the like. ⁇ . of the vehicle manufacturer.
- the user also has the option of restricting another attribute of a calculation. For example, there he specifies a certain material. He does not impose any further restrictions. All those calculations are determined that relate to product components for the manufacture of which the selected material is used. The brief comparison created first shows for each calculated calculation: the vehicle type, the product component, the supplier and the type of calculation.
- the user selects all or some of the calculated calculations and a comparison of the selected calculations is generated. From the comparison, z. B. determine how much of the material is used for which component. From this, indications of high or low waste when using the material in production can be derived. The calculations continue to show the current price for the material, e.g. B. Price per kg. The comparison of the respective prices shows possible savings.
- the user can also place restrictions on several of the attributes, for example, selecting a material and a supplier. Or he chooses a resource, e.g. B. the resource "worker”, and a vehicle segment.
- the user specifies a name for each comparison that was created according to his specification.
- he describes the comparison using a free text.
- These specifications are stored in a comparison database 161 at the request of the user. This means they can be reused later.
- a user instead of generating an existing specification again, a user only needs to select a specification in the comparison database 161.
- the comparison created is not stored in the comparison database 161, but rather only the specification, that is, e.g. B. the selected product component and the determination of the validity period.
- a new comparison is later created according to this specification.
- the device generally determines additional and / or different calculations than in the first generation. For example, the calculations database 160 has been supplemented with further calculations for the selected component. Or a calculation determined the first time is no longer the most current calculation for the component and for the respective vehicle type, which is why another, namely newer, calculation is determined.
- a device for filling lists 110, 120, 121, 130, 140 and databases 150, 160 is present on at least one network subscriber computer 20.1, 20.2.
- This device which is preferably implemented using a database management system, enables the following operations:
- Creating, editing and deleting a data record for a construction module and storing the changes in the electronic list 121 with construction modules Creating, editing and deleting a data record for a cost type and storing the changes in the electronic list 130 with cost types, creating, editing and deleting a data record for a supplier and storing the changes in the electronic supplier list 140, creating, editing and Deleting a data record for a description of a product component and storing the changes in the electronic description database 150, creating, editing and deleting a data record for a calculation and storing the changes in the electronic calculation database 160,
- the generic parts list 120 is preferably updated as required, in particular when a novel subsystem, e.g. B. a navigation system is offered for the first time.
- the processor defines the list of characteristics for each characteristic and determines whether the characteristic requires numbers or symbols as characteristics.
- a characteristic "weight” requires a number, a characteristic "manufacturing process” a symbol.
- a processor who creates a data record for a description of a product component determines which component of the generic parts list 120 and which vehicle type or which vehicle types this description relates to. He also specifies the characteristics that apply to this vehicle type. In doing so, he either selects a characteristic from the characteristic list stored in the generic parts list 120 or supplements the characteristic list with an additional characteristic. The processor determines which optional components of a product component occur in this vehicle type and which do not.
- the device preferably comprises rules which check the characteristics of features for consistency and plausibility. For example, both for the main part “Defroster nozzle outside left “as well as the characteristic" weight "for all of its lower parts.
- the processor specifies a value, ie a value, for the weight of the main part and values for the weight of each lower part.
- the option of specifying the weight of the main part separately makes sense, so that even if the main part in the generic parts list 120 is still incomplete, the characteristic weight of the main part is already provided with a value.
- the test rule forms the sum of the weights of the lower parts, compares them with the weight of the main parts and generates a warning message to the processor in the event of a deviation. If the weight of the main part is less than the sum of the weights of its lower parts, there is obviously an error.
- a processor who creates a data record for a calculation determines which component of the generic parts list 120 and which vehicle type or which vehicle types this description relates to. For example, he assigns a description of a product component to the calculation and has thus assigned component and vehicle types.
- the processor assigns further attributes of the calculation to attribute values, e.g. B. a validity period and a supplier from the supplier list 140.
- the processor defines the production steps, that is, the work processes that are carried out during the production of the component.
- This definition can be specific for the component in a specific vehicle type - then the definition of the description is assigned in the description database 150 - or in principle for the component, regardless of the vehicle type - then the definition in the generic Parts list 120 assigned to the component.
- the manufacturing steps are assigned to a lower part. Some manufacturing steps relate to a complete main part, e.g. B. clamping and checking the main part, and are therefore assigned to the main part.
- a manufacturing step can be broken down into partial manufacturing steps.
- the manufacturing costs for the manufacture of a component are preferably determined as individual costs depending on the following parameters: the number of pieces in which this component is manufactured,
- the working hours of workers who are involved in the manufacture of the component expressed e.g. B. in minutes per component, a specification of how many machines a worker operates at the same time, an hourly rate for the use of this machine for each machine used, which reflects the costs for the acquisition or development of the machine, e.g. B. in the form of a depreciation, and includes the cost of operation, hourly rates of the workers.
- An automatically evaluable selection logic is preferably used in order to identify the machines required for production.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/563,653 US20070055638A1 (en) | 2003-07-05 | 2004-06-29 | Device and method for comparing structural components |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10330447.9 | 2003-07-05 | ||
DE10330447A DE10330447A1 (de) | 2003-07-05 | 2003-07-05 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Vergleich von Bauteilen |
Publications (1)
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WO2005004017A1 true WO2005004017A1 (de) | 2005-01-13 |
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PCT/EP2004/007018 WO2005004017A1 (de) | 2003-07-05 | 2004-06-29 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum vergleichen von bauteilen |
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US (1) | US20070055638A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1842812A (de) |
DE (1) | DE10330447A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005004017A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2015162076A2 (en) | 2014-04-23 | 2015-10-29 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Mglu2/3 antagonists for the treatment of intellectual disabilities |
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US20080010222A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Nec Electronics Corporation | Marketing operation supporting server, program and estimate returning method |
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US7571085B2 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2009-08-04 | Ford Motor Company | Vehicle component selection system and method |
US8755923B2 (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2014-06-17 | Engineering Technology Associates, Inc. | Optimization system |
CN103186877B (zh) * | 2011-12-30 | 2017-12-22 | 克诺尔车辆设备(苏州)有限公司 | 用于计算机辅助地组织有轨车辆气动装备的数据处理装置 |
US9123008B2 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2015-09-01 | Siemens Product Lifecycle Management Software Inc. | Buildable part pairs in an unconfigured product structure |
WO2016177882A1 (de) * | 2015-05-07 | 2016-11-10 | Walther Flender Gmbh | Verfahren zur computerunterstützten auswahl von maschinenkomponenten |
EP3511874A1 (de) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-17 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Kodierung eines celluloseprodukts |
CN109684275A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 清华大学 | 建立混凝土施工对标数据库的方法及系统 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE10330447A1 (de) | 2005-02-10 |
CN1842812A (zh) | 2006-10-04 |
US20070055638A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
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