WO2004112429A1 - Lecteur electromagnetique a faible inductance sans excitation du circuit a flux magnetique - Google Patents

Lecteur electromagnetique a faible inductance sans excitation du circuit a flux magnetique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004112429A1
WO2004112429A1 PCT/CN2004/000638 CN2004000638W WO2004112429A1 WO 2004112429 A1 WO2004112429 A1 WO 2004112429A1 CN 2004000638 W CN2004000638 W CN 2004000638W WO 2004112429 A1 WO2004112429 A1 WO 2004112429A1
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Prior art keywords
coil
fixed
fixed coil
inductance
phase
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PCT/CN2004/000638
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Qijun Wu
Original Assignee
Qijun Wu
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Publication date
Application filed by Qijun Wu filed Critical Qijun Wu
Priority to EP04738236A priority Critical patent/EP1641315B1/en
Priority to US10/561,006 priority patent/US7412071B2/en
Priority to JP2006515635A priority patent/JP2006527933A/ja
Publication of WO2004112429A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004112429A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/021—Reduction of eddy currents in the magnetic circuit of electrodynamic loudspeaker transducer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic driver, in particular to a low-inductance electromagnetic driver that does not excite the magnetic circuit to make the audio recording and playback effect good.
  • the electromagnetic driver can be used for speakers, headphones, and acoustic sensors. Background technique
  • Audiovisual devices have entered the field of people's life. These audiovisual devices have sound-electricity and electricity-acoustic transducers. Commonly used are powered speakers, headphones and acoustic sensors (microphones). They use the effect of a magnetic field on a current-carrying conductor to achieve the energy conversion between electricity and sound. They consist of a drive system, a vibration system, and a support system. In the drive system, electromagnetic transducers are used. These transducers are driven The coil and the driving coil have an inductance. When the frequency changes, the inductive reactance also changes. As the frequency increases, the inductive reactance increases. As the energy obtained by the electromagnetic transducer changes, the driving force changes.
  • the short-circuit ring is generally made of a conductor such as copper to form a closed ring, and is fixed on the periphery of the magnetically conductive post 1.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a low inductance that does not excite the magnetic circuit.
  • the electromagnetic driver makes the inductive reactance change small when the frequency changes.
  • the electric energy obtained by the electromagnetic transducer changes little with the inductive reactance, and the phase change produced is small.
  • the distortion caused by the excitation of the magnetic circuit is basically eliminated.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows-a low-inductance electromagnetic driver that does not excite the magnetic circuit, including a magnetically conductive column 1, a driving coil 2, a magnetically conductive upper plate 4, a permanent magnet 5, and a magnetically conductive lower plate 6.
  • the magnetically conductive column 1 is integrated with the magnetically permeable lower plate 6.
  • the permanent magnet 5 is located between the magnetically permeable upper plate 4 and the magnetically permeable lower plate 6.
  • the drive coil 2 can be sleeved in the magnetically permeable magnetic axis.
  • the electromagnetic driver further includes a first fixed coil 3, the inductance of the first fixed coil 3 is similar to the equivalent inductance of the driving coil, and the first fixed coil 3 is fixed to the magnetic circuit of the driving coil 2. The position is proper, and the first fixed coil 3 and the driving coil 2 are coupled in antiphase to be excited by the antiphase in an equal amount.
  • the first fixed coil 3 is disposed between the driving coil 2 and the magnetically conductive column 1 and is fixed on the magnetically conductive column 1.
  • the first fixed coil 3 and the driving coil 2 are connected in anti-phase with a minimum inductance to receive the load. Equal phase excitation.
  • the first fixed coil 3 is fixedly arranged on the magnetically permeable upper plate 4.
  • the first fixed coil 3 and the drive coil 2 are connected in antiphase with the smallest inductance to be excited by the antiphase in the same amount.
  • the first fixed coil 3 is connected in series or in parallel with the driving coil 2 in the opposite phase to be excited by the same amount in the opposite phase.
  • a low-inductance electromagnetic driver that does not excite a magnetic circuit includes a magnetically conductive column 1, a driving coil 2, a magnetically conductive upper plate 4, a permanent magnet 5, and a magnetically conductive lower plate 6.
  • the magnetically conductive column 1 is connected to the magnetically conductive lower plate 6.
  • the permanent magnet 5 is located between the magnetically permeable upper plate 4 and the magnetically permeable lower plate 6, the driving coil 2 can be sleeved on the magnetically conductive post 1 for axial movement, and the electromagnetic driver further includes a first fixed coil 3 And the second fixed coil 7, the total inductance of the two fixed coils is similar to the equivalent inductance of the driving coil 2, and the first fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 are fixed at appropriate magnetic circuit positions of the driving coil 2.
  • the first fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 are coupled to the driving coil 2 in anti-phase to be excited by the anti-phase in equal amounts.
  • the first fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 are both fixed on the magnetically permeable column 1, and the first fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 and the driving coil 2 are connected in an out-of-phase manner to minimize the inductance. Equally excited by antiphase.
  • the first fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 are respectively fixed on the magnetically permeable column 1 and the magnetically permeable upper plate 4, and the inductances of the first fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 and the driving coil 2 are minimized.
  • the antiphase coupling of the modes is equally excited by the antiphase.
  • first fixed coil 3, the second fixed coil 7 and the driving coil 2 are connected in series or in parallel in the opposite phase with the smallest inductance to be excited by the opposite phase.
  • first fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 may also be connected to the driving coil 2 in an inverse phase series with the smallest inductance, and connected in parallel to be excited by the opposite phase.
  • This first fixed coil 3 may also be made of a magnetically permeable metal used as a magnetically permeable magnet.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the driving source applies active excitation of the fixed coil in the same amount as the driving coil but in the opposite phase, so that the excitation energy generated by the current flowing through the speaker to the magnetic circuit system is minimized.
  • the inductance is minimized, and the sound distortion of the vibration system connected to the drive coil is reduced.
  • the beneficial effect of using the present invention is that-because the present invention is designed with a fixed coil having an inductance close to that of the driving coil at a sensitive position of the driving coil, the fixed coil and the driving coil are connected in antiphase, and the fixed coil is driven by the driving source.
  • the fixed coil and the driving coil simultaneously generate the same amount of but opposite phase two-way excitation, which is offset, so that the excitation energy received by the magnetic circuit system of the speaker is minimized. Therefore, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic circuit system does not change with the change of the input signal of the speaker, and the sound distortion of the vibration system connected to the driving coil is reduced.
  • the present invention designs a fixed coil that is driven in the same phase as the driving coil in the opposite phase, the inductance of the speaker is reduced.
  • the low inductance makes the speaker obtain driving energy uniformly in a wide frequency range, which expands the reproduction Frequency Range.
  • the interface processing between the speaker and the power amplifier becomes simple.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a fixed coil according to the present invention.
  • 3 and 4 are schematic structural diagrams of the present invention having two fixed coils
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a fixed coil is made of a magnetically conductive metal according to the present invention, and the fixed coil also serves as a magnetically permeable magnet;
  • FIG. 6 is a series diagram of a fixed coil and a driving coil according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a parallel view of a fixed coil and a driving coil according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a series diagram of two fixed coils and a driving coil according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a parallel diagram of two fixed coils and a driving coil of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a parallel and series diagram of two fixed coils and a driving coil according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional electromagnetic driver.
  • Magnetic permeability 1. Driving coil, 3. First fixed coil, 4. Magnetically permeable upper plate,
  • the first embodiment of the present invention As shown in FIG. 1, it is composed of a magnetically permeable column 1, a driving coil 2, a first fixed coil 3, a magnetically permeable upper plate 4, a permanent magnet. 5, and a magnetically permeable lower plate 6.
  • the magnetically conductive column 1 is integrated with the magnetically permeable lower plate 6; the permanent magnet 5 is connected with the magnetically permeable upper plate 4 and also connected with the magnetically permeable lower plate 6.
  • the magnetically permeable column 1 has a driving coil 2 and the magnetically conductive column 1
  • the first fixed coil 3 is wound and glued on it, and the driving coil 2 and the first fixed coil 3 are coupled in antiphase.
  • FIG. 2 it is composed of a magnetically permeable column 1, a driving coil 2, a first fixed coil 3, a magnetically permeable upper plate 4, a permanent magnet 5, and a magnetically permeable lower plate 6.
  • 1 is integrated with the magnetically permeable lower plate 6;
  • the permanent magnet 5 is connected with the magnetically permeable upper plate 4 and is also connected with the magnetically permeable lower plate 6;
  • the magnetically conductive post 1 is provided with a driving coil 2;
  • the first fixed coil 3 and the driving coil 2 are coupled in anti-phase to the first fixed coil 3.
  • FIG. 3 it is composed of a magnetically conductive column 1, a driving coil 2, a first fixed coil 3 and a second fixed coil 7, a magnetically permeable upper plate 4, a permanent magnet 5, and a magnetically permeable lower plate.
  • the magnetically conductive column 1 is connected to the magnetically conductive lower plate 6 as a whole
  • the permanent magnet 5 is connected to the magnetically permeable upper plate 4 and also connected to the magnetically permeable lower plate 6, and the magnetically conductive column 1 is provided with a driving coil 2 and the first
  • the fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7, the two fixed coils are connected to the driving coil in a manner that the inductance is minimized.
  • the first fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 are wound and glued on the magnetically conductive column 1 during this time.
  • FIG. 4 it is composed of a magnetically conductive column 1, a driving coil 2, a first fixed coil 3 and a second fixed coil 7, a magnetically permeable upper plate 4, a permanent magnet 5, and a magnetically permeable lower plate.
  • the magnetically conductive column 1 is integrated with the magnetically permeable lower plate 6
  • the permanent magnet 5 is connected with the magnetically permeable upper plate 4, and is also connected with the magnetically permeable lower plate 6, and the magnetically permeable column 1 has a driving coil 2 and a first
  • the fixed coil 3 and the second fixed coil 7 are fixed on the magnetically permeable upper plate 4.
  • the two fixed coils are connected to the driving coil in a manner that minimizes the inductance.
  • the first fixed coil 3 is wound and glued on the magnetically conductive post 1, and the second fixed coil .7 is adhered to the magnetically conductive upper plate 4 by an adhesive.
  • the glue used in the above-mentioned cementing is a high-temperature resistant gel used in the conventional electromagnetic driver.
  • FIG. 5 As shown in FIG. 5, it is composed of a magnetically conductive column 1, a driving coil 2, a first fixed coil 3 made of magnetically permeable metal, a magnetically permeable upper plate 4, a permanent magnet 5, and a magnetically permeable lower
  • the plate 6 is configured, and the first fixed coil 3 and the drive coil 2 are connected in a manner that the inductance is minimized. It is characterized by the first fixed coil 3 It is made of magnetically permeable metal such as pure iron, low carbon steel or iron-nickel alloy.
  • One of the methods is to make the end of the magnetically permeable column 1 made of the magnetically permeable metal by spiral cutting to Form the coil, and then insulate the outer surface of the cut coil, and then compress and fix the coil with the uncut part of the magnetically conductive column 1 to become the first fixed coil 3 that also functions as a magnetically conductive column.
  • the two ends of the first fixed coil 3 are connected to the driving coil 2 to minimize the inductance, or the driving coil is used to drive the fixed coil 3 in the same amount but in the opposite phase.
  • the first and second embodiments described above are placed on a speaker, the first fixed coil 3 and the driving coil 2 are connected in opposite directions, the inductive reactance is reduced, and the AC phase change is small.
  • the driving coil 2 drives the vibration system. , Make the sound distortion smaller.
  • the third and fourth embodiments on the speaker the first and second fixed coils 3 and 7 of each of the two ends of the driving coil 2 and the driving coil 2 and the first and second fixed coils 3 and 2 7 Make the connection with the smallest inductance.
  • the coupling coefficient is 1, two groups of equal inductance inductor reactance zero for its anti-phase coupling, Its impedance is the DC impedance of the two inductors.
  • a driving source such as an audio power amplifier
  • the anti-phase excitation made by the first fixed coil 3 to the speaker magnetic circuit system cancels the bad excitation made by the speaker drive coil 2 to the speaker magnetic circuit system, thereby achieving the main purpose of the "non-excitation magnetic circuit" of the present invention. It solves the problems of frequency response and distortion caused by speakers, headphones and acoustic sensors.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)

Description

一种激励磁路的低电感电磁驱动器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电磁驱动器，具体的是指一种使音频录放效果好的不激励 磁路的低电感电磁驱动器，该电磁驱动器可使用于扬声器、耳机和声传感器等。 背景技术
视听装置已进入人们的生活领域，这些视听装置里有声一电和电一声换能 器， 常用的是电动式的扬声器、 耳机和声传感器 （话筒）。 它们是利用磁场对 载流导体的作用实现电与声之间的能量转换， 由驱动系统、 振动系统和支撑系 统组成， 在驱动系统中应用的是电磁换能器， 这些换能器都有驱动线圈， 驱动 线圈具有电感量。 当频率变化时， 感抗也随之变化， 频率增高， 感抗增大， 使 电磁式换能器获取的能量随着改变，导致驱动力的变化，同时由于电感的存在， 加至扬声器上的电压和流过扬声器的电流会产生相移，给驱动扬声器的功率放 大器造成不良反馈， 而且更由于电一磁和磁滞的作用， 供给扬声器驱动线圈的 能量会对扬声器的磁路产生激励， 以磁能的方式储存于扬声器的磁路系统中， 当电压相位改变时， 又因磁一电的作用， 储存于扬声器磁路系统中的能量会再 经功率放大器的内阻而作用于驱动线圈， 使扬声器、 耳机和声传感器产生频率 响应、 失真等方面的问题。
据本发明的发明人所知，为了降低驱动线圈对磁路系统的有害激励和电磁 驱动器的电感量，某些产品釆取了在驱动线圈 2的敏感位置处套入短路环 8的 设计 （参见图 11 )， 该短路环一般釆用铜等导体制成一闭合的圆环后固定在导 磁柱 1外围上。但由于短路环的作用仅是被动消耗一部分由驱动线圈产生的能 量， 并且该短路环并不与驱动线圈作电联接， 故不可能对磁路系统作主动和等 量的反激励以抵消驱动线圈对磁路系统的有害激励， 效果十分有限， 与本发明 有根本的区别。 发明内容
针对上述现有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种不激励磁路的低电感 电磁驱动器， 使在频率变化时感抗变化小， 电磁式换能器获得的电能随感抗改 变小，且产生的相位变化小，特别是基本消除了因磁路受到激励而导致的失真。
为实现上述发明目的， 本发明采用的技术方案如下- 一种不激励磁路的低电感电磁驱动器， 包括导磁柱 1、 驱动线圈 2、 导磁 上板 4、 永久磁铁 5、 导磁下板 6， 该导磁柱 1与导磁下板 6连成一体， 该永 久磁铁 5位于导磁上板 4与导磁下板 6之间，该驱动线圈 2可作轴向运动的套 在导磁柱 1上， 该电磁驱动器还包括一第一固定线圈 3， 所述的第一固定线圈 3的电感量与驱动线圈等效电感量相近， 该第一固定线圈 3固定在驱动线圈 2 的磁路位置适当处，且该第一固定线圈 3与驱动线圈 2反相位联接以受反相位 等量激励。
该第一固定线圈 3设置于驱动线圈 2与导磁柱 1之间且固定在导磁柱 1上， 该第一固定线圈 3与驱动线圈 2作电感量为最小方式的反相位联接以受反相位 等量激励。
该第一固定线圈 3固定设置在导磁上板 4上，该第一固定线圈 3与驱动线 圈 2作电感量为最小方式的反相位联接以受反相位等量激励。
该第一固定线圈 3与驱动线圈 2作反相位的串联或并联以受反相位等量激 励。
其中，第一固定线圈 3的电感量越逼近驱动线圈 2的等效电感量效果越佳， 但二者的比值在 0. 5至 1. 5的范围内对失真即已有明显改善作用。
一种不激励磁路的低电感电磁驱动器， 包括导磁柱 1、 驱动线圈 2、 导磁 上板 4、 永久磁铁 5、 导磁下板 6， 该导磁柱 1与导磁下板 6连成一体， 该永 久磁铁 5位于导磁上板 4与导磁下板 6之间，该驱动线圈 2可作轴向运动的套 在导磁柱 1上， 该电磁驱动器还包括第一固定线圈 3和第二固定线圈 7， 所述 的两固定线圈的总电感量与驱动线圈 2等效电感量相近，该第一固定线圈 3和 第二固定线圈 7固定在驱动线圈 2的适当磁路位置处，且该第一固定线圈 3和 第二固定线圈 7与驱动线圈 2反相位联接以受反相位等量激励。
该第一固定线圈 3和第二固定线圈 7均固定在导磁柱 1上，且该第一固定 线圈 3和第二固定线圈 7与驱动线圈 2作电感量为最小方式的反相位联接以受 反相位等量激励。 该第一固定线圈 3和第二固定线圈 7分别固定在导磁柱 1和导磁上板 4上， 且该第一固定线圈 3和第二固定线圈 7均与驱动线圈 2作电感量为最小方式的 反相位联接以受反相位等量激励。
进一步， 该第一固定线圈 3、 第二固定线圈 7与驱动线圈 2作电感量为最 小方式的反相位串联或并联以受反相位等量激励。
此外， 该第一固定线圈 3、 第二固定线圈 7也可以与驱动线圈 2作电感量 为最小方式的反相位串、 并联以受反相位等量激励。
其中，第一固定线圈 3与第二固定线圈 7的总电感量越逼近驱动线圈 2的 等效电感量效果越佳，但二者的比值在 0. 5至 1. 5的范围内对失真即已有明显 改善作用。
该第一固定线圈 3也可由用作导磁体的导磁金属制成。
凡固定线圈电参数的设计， 应遵定 "由固定线圈产生的反相激励能量尽可 能逼近抵消由驱动线圈产生的激励能量"的原则， 在具体操作上， 当然可以有 多种选择， 但主要的有以下几例 ：
a. 凡固定线圈与驱动线圈作串联联接时， 固定线圈的电感量越逼近驱动 线圈的等效电感量， 与驱动线圈的耦合度越趋近于 1， 而且直流电阻越小则扬 声器的特性越好。
b. 凡固定线圈与驱动线圈作并联联接时， 固定线圈的电感量越逼近驱动 线圈的等效电感量， 与驱动线圈的耦合度越趋近于 1， 并控制固定线圈电流回 路的总直流电阻值， 以使由固定线圈产生的反相激励能量尽可能逼近抵消由驱 动线圈产生的激励能量。
C. 凡固定线圈与驱动线圈作串、 并联联接时， 联接后的固定线圈总电感 量越逼近驱动线圈的等效电感量， 与驱动线圈的耦合度越趋近于 1， 并控制固 定线圈电流回路的总直流电阻值， 以使由固定线圈产生的反相激励能量最大程 度地抵消由驱动线圈产生的激励能量。
不论采用何种联接方法，只要由固定线圈产生的反激励能量抵消了驱动线 圈产生的激励能量的 0. 5至 1. 5的程度， 即已能明显改善扬声器的失真。
本发明的特征在于由驱动源对固定线圈作与驱动线圈等量但反相的主动 激励， 使得流过扬声器的电流对磁路系统产生的激励能量降至最低， 扬声器的 电感量减至最小， 与驱动线圈连接的振动系统声音失真变小。
使用本发明的有益效果在于- 由于本发明在驱动线圈敏感的位置设计有电感量与驱动线圈等效电感量 相近的固定线圈， 固定线圈与驱动线圈作反相位联接， 由驱动源对固定线圈作 与驱动线圈等量但反相的激励， 由于固定线圈与驱动线圈同时产生了等量但反 相的二路激励而致抵销， 使扬声器的磁路系统受到的激励能量降至最低， 结果 使得磁路系统的磁场强度不随扬声器馈入信号的改变而改变，与驱动线圈连接 的振动系统声音失真变小。
由于本发明设计了与驱动线圈作反相等量激励的固定线圈， 降低了扬声器 的电感量， 低的电感量使得扬声器在很宽的频率范围内能均匀地获取驱动能 量， 扩展了重放的频率范围。
由于依据本发明制造的扬声器其阻抗特性十分接近于纯电阻，使得扬声器 与功率放大器的接口处理变得简单。
所有这些都能以很低的代价有效地提高音频录、 放的质量。 附图说明
图 1、 图 2是本发明有一个固定线圈的结构示意图；
图 3、 图 4是本发明有二个固定线圈的结构示意图；
图 5 是本发明用导磁金属制成一个固定线圈、 固定线圈也作导磁体的结 构示意图；
图 6是本发明有一个固定线圈与驱动线圈串联图；
图 7是本发明有一个固定线圈与驱动线圈并联图；
图 8是本发明有二个固定线圈与驱动线圈串联图；
图 9是本发明有二个固定线圈与驱动线圈并联图；
图 10是本发明有二个固定线圈与驱动线圈并、 串联图；
图 1 1是现有的电磁驱动器的结构示意图。
图的符号说明：
1、 导磁 ， 2、 驱动线圈， 3、 第一固定线圈， 4、 导磁上板，
5、 永久磁铁， 6、 导磁下板， 7、 第二固定线圈， 8、 短路环， 9、 振膜。 具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例加以附图对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明的第一种实施例： 如图 1所示， 它是由导磁柱 1、 驱动线圈 2、 第 一固定线圈 3、 导磁上板 4、 永久磁铁.5、 导磁下板 6构成， 导磁柱 1与导磁 下板 6连成一体， 永久磁铁 5与导磁上板 4连接， 并与导磁下板 6也连接， 导 磁柱 1上有驱动线圈 2， 导磁柱 1上缠绕并胶固有第一固定线圈 3， 驱动线圈 2与第一固定线圈 3反相位联接。
第二种实施例： 如图 2所示， 它是由导磁柱 1、 驱动线圈 2、 第一固定线 圈 3、 导磁上板 4、 永久磁铁 5、 导磁下板 6构成， 导磁柱 1与导磁下板 6连 成一体， 永久磁铁 5与导磁上板 4连接， 并与导磁下板 6也连接， 导磁柱 1上 有驱动线圈 2， 导磁上板 4上胶固有第一固定线圈 3 , 驱动线圈 2与第一固定 线圈 3反相位联接。
第三种实施例： 如图 3所示， 它是由导磁柱 1、 驱动线圈 2、 第一固定线 圈 3和第二固定线圈 7、 导磁上板 4、 永久磁铁 5、 导磁下板 6构成， 导磁柱 1 与导磁下板 6连成一体， 永久磁铁 5与导磁上板 4连接， 并与导磁下板 6也连 接， 导磁柱 1上有驱动线圈 2、 第一固定线圈 3及第二固定线圈 7， 二个固定 线圈与驱动线圈作电感量为最小方式的联接。此间第一固定线圈 3及第二固定 线圈 7缠绕并胶固在导磁柱 1上。
第四种实施例： 如图 4所示， 它是由导磁柱 1、 驱动线圈 2、 第一固定线 圈 3和第二固定线圈 7、 导磁上板 4、 永久磁铁 5、 导磁下板 6构成， 导磁柱 1 与导磁下板 6连成一体， 永久磁铁 5与导磁上板 4连接， 并与导磁下板 6也连 接， 导磁柱 1上有驱动线圈 2和第一固定线圈 3， 第二固定线圈 7固定于导磁 上板 4上， 二个固定线圈与驱动线圈作电感量为最小方式的联接。 此间第一固 定线圈 3缠绕并胶固在导磁柱 1上，第二固定线圈 .7通过粘接剂粘接在导磁上 板 4上。
上述胶固中釆用的胶为现有的电磁驱动器中使用的耐高温胶体。
第五种实施例： 如图 5所示， 它是由导磁柱 1、 驱动线圈 2、 由导磁金属 制成的第一固定线圈 3、 导磁上板 4、 永久磁铁 5、 导磁下板 6构成， 第一固 定线圈 3与驱动线圈 2作电感量为最小方式的联接。其特点在于第一固定线圈 3由纯铁、 低碳钢或铁镍合金等导磁金属制成， 其中的一种制成方式是将用上 述导磁金属制成的导磁柱 1的端部作螺旋状的切削加工以形成线圈，然后将经 过切削的线圈之外表作绝缘处理，再将该线圈与导磁柱 1的未切削部分作压紧 固定后则成为兼有导磁柱功能的第一固定线圈 3， 并按图 5所示将该第一固定 线圈 3的二端引出与驱动线圈 2作电感量为最小方式的联接或由驱动源对该固 定线圈 3作等量但反相的激励。
使用时， 把上述第一种、 第二种实施例置于扬声器上， 第一固定线圈 3与 驱动线圈 2以相反方向进行联接， 感抗降低、 交流电相位变化也小， 驱动线圈 2带动振动系统， 使声音失真变小。或把第三种、第四种实施例置于扬声器上， 驱动线圈 2二端各有第一固定线圈 3与第二固定线圈 7， 且驱动线圈 2与第一 固定线圈 3及第二固定线圈 7作电感量为最小方式的联接。
把第五种实施例置于扬声器上， 效果亦佳。
根据公式： Leq= +L2- 2M和 Leq=LL2- M2 / L+L2+2M, 即耦合系数为 1， 电感 量相等的二组电感作反相位联接时其感抗为零， 其阻抗为二个电感的直流阻 抗。由于本发明在具有较大电感量的驱动线圈附近设计了紧耦合的一个或数个 总电感量与驱动线圈等效电感量相近的电感量的固定线圈，而且将固定线圈用 导线与驱动线圈作反相位的联接以对固定线圈作反相等量的激励， 因此只要控 制好固定线圈的电感量和电阻值，就能使整个扬声器呈现十分接近纯电阻的特 性。
以安装有实施例 1的扬声器为例， 当扬声器工作时， 驱动源 （如音频功率 放大器）在给扬声器的驱动线圈 2馈入电能的同时也给第一固定线圈 3馈入了方 向相反的电能， 因此第一固定线圈 3对扬声器磁路系统所作的反相位激励抵消 了扬声器驱动线圈 2对扬声器磁路系统所作的不良激励， 由此达到了本发明 "不激励磁路" 的主要目的， 解决了扬声器、 耳机和声传感器产生频率响应、 失真等方面的问题。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种不激励磁路的低电感电磁驱动器， 包括导磁柱（1)、驱动线圈（2)、 导磁上板 （4)、 永久磁铁 （5)、 导磁下板 （6)， 该导磁柱 （1) 与导磁下板 （6) 连成一体， 该永久磁铁 （5) 位于导磁上板 （4) 与导磁下板 （6) 之间， 该驱 动线圈 （2) 可作轴向运动的套在导磁柱 （1) 上， 其特征在于： 该电磁驱动器 还包括第一固定线圈（3)， 所述的第一固定线圈 （3) 的电感量与驱动线圈 （2) 的等效电感量相近， 该第一固定线圈 （3) 固定在驱动线圈 （2) 的磁路位置适 当处， 且该第一固定线圈 （3) 与驱动线圈 （2) 反相位联接或受反相位等量激 励。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的电磁驱动器， 其特征在于： 该第一固定线圈 （3) 设置于驱动线圈 （2) 与导磁柱 （1) 之间且固定在导磁柱 （1) 上， 该第一固 定线圈 （3) 与驱动线圈 （2) 作电感量为最小方式的反相位联接或受反相位等 量激励。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的电磁驱动器， 其特征在于： 该第一固定线圈 （3) 固定设置在导磁上板 （4) 上， 该第一固定线圈 （3) 与驱动线圈 （2) 作电感 量为最小方式的反相位联接或受反相位等量激励。
4.根据权利要求 2-3所述的电磁驱动器，其特征在于： 该第一固定线圈（3) 与驱动线圈 （2) 作反相位的串联或并联以受反相位等量激励。
5.—种不激励磁路的低电感电磁驱动器， 包括导磁柱 （1)、 驱动线圈 （2)、 导磁上板 （4)、 永久磁铁 （5)、 导磁下板 （6)， 该导磁柱 （1) 与导磁下板 （6) 连成一体， 该永久磁铁 （5) 位于导磁上板 （4) 与导磁下板 （6) 之间， 该驱 动线圈 （2) 可作轴向运动的套在导磁柱 （1) 上， 其特征在于： 该电磁驱动器 还包括第一固定线圈 （3) 和第二固定线圈 （7)， 所述的两固定线圈的总电感 量与驱动线圈（2)等效电感量相近， 该第一固定线圈（3)和第二固定线圈（7) 固定在驱动线圈 （2) 的磁路位置适当处， 且该第一固定线圈 （3) 和第二固定 线圈 （7) 与驱动线圈 （2) 反相位联接以受反相位等量激励。
6.根据权利要求 5所述的电磁驱动器， 其特征在于： 该第一固定线圈 （3) 和第二固定线圈 （7) 均固定在导磁柱 （1) 上， 且该第一固定线圈 （3) 和第 二固定线圈 （7) 与驱动线圈 （2) 作电感量为最小方式的反相位联接以受反相 位等量激励。
7.根据权利要求 5所述的电磁驱动器， 其特征在于： 该第一固定线圈 （3) 和第二固定线圈 （7) 分别固定在导磁柱 （1) 和导磁上板 （4) 上， 且该第一 固定线圈 （3) 和第二固定线圈 （7) 均与驱动线圈 （2) 作电感量为最小方式 的反相位联接以受反相位等量激励。
8.根据权利要求 6-7所述的电磁驱动器，其特征在于：该第一固定线圈（3)、 第二固定线圈 （7) 与驱动线圈 （2) 作电感量为最小方式的反相位串联或并联 以受反相位等量激励。
9.根据权利要求 6-7所述的电磁驱动器，其特征在于：该第一固定线圈（3)、 第二固定线圈 （7) 与驱动线圈 （2) 作电感量为最小方式的反相位串、 并联以 受反相位等量激励。
10.根据权利要求 1-9所述的电磁驱动器，其特征在于：该第一固定线圈（3) 由用作导磁体的导磁金属制成。
PCT/CN2004/000638 2003-06-18 2004-06-14 Lecteur electromagnetique a faible inductance sans excitation du circuit a flux magnetique WO2004112429A1 (fr)

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JP2006515635A JP2006527933A (ja) 2003-06-18 2004-06-14 非励振磁気回路による低インダクタンス電磁ドライバー

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