WO2021128019A1 - 一种扬声器 - Google Patents

一种扬声器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021128019A1
WO2021128019A1 PCT/CN2019/128032 CN2019128032W WO2021128019A1 WO 2021128019 A1 WO2021128019 A1 WO 2021128019A1 CN 2019128032 W CN2019128032 W CN 2019128032W WO 2021128019 A1 WO2021128019 A1 WO 2021128019A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic
yoke
frame portion
diaphragm
voice coil
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PCT/CN2019/128032
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘晓东
顾小江
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/128032 priority Critical patent/WO2021128019A1/zh
Publication of WO2021128019A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021128019A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of electroacoustic instruments, in particular to a loudspeaker.
  • the speaker generates a magnetic field through the gap between the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet.
  • the voice coil changes the current in the magnetic field to vibrate itself, and transmits the vibration to the diaphragm to produce sound.
  • the diaphragm is usually positioned by a steel ring and then glued to the upper yoke. on.
  • the acoustic effect of the speaker is affected by the sound pressure level SPL, and the sound pressure level SPL is affected by the electromechanical coupling factor BL, and the magnetic field circuit is an important factor affecting the electrical coupling factor BL.
  • the speaker In addition to the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet, the speaker There will be magnetic parts such as a magnetic plate, lower yoke, and auxiliary magnetic steel to optimize the magnetic field.
  • the steel ring that fixes the diaphragm does not have a magnetic field, which cannot improve the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • the auxiliary magnetic steel in the shape of a strip optimizes the magnetic circuit environment of the speaker, but the presence of the steel ring and the auxiliary magnet at the same time not only increases the production cost and production process, but also increases the weight of the speaker, and it is difficult to set the strip-shaped auxiliary magnet around the steel ring. Ensure product consistency during the gluing process.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a loudspeaker, which aims to solve the problems of reducing the production cost and simplifying the production process while optimizing the internal magnetic field.
  • a speaker including a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system
  • the magnetic circuit system includes an upper magnetic yoke, a lower magnetic yoke, and oppositely arranged to form a magnetic gap and fixedly connected to the lower magnetic yoke
  • the vibration system includes a voice coil arranged in the magnetic gap, and an upper film in contact with the voice coil
  • the upper yoke and the auxiliary magnet are away from the lower yoke
  • One side is connected, a magnetic ring is arranged between the upper film and the upper yoke
  • the magnetic ring also includes a first support part connected to the side of the upper film facing the lower yoke, and the upper magnetic yoke The yoke is away from the positioning part connected to the side of the lower yoke.
  • the first support portion extends from the positioning portion in the direction of the upper film and forms a step.
  • the cross section of the magnetic ring is rectangular.
  • the first support part and the upper film are further provided with a glue layer, and the magnetic ring and the upper film are fixed by the glue layer.
  • the upper diaphragm includes a diaphragm and a dome
  • the diaphragm includes a second support portion, a vibration portion, and a folding ring portion connected between the second support portion and the vibration portion
  • the second The supporting part is glued to the first supporting part of the magnetic ring, and the vibrating part is connected to the voice coil.
  • the auxiliary magnets include first auxiliary magnets respectively arranged at the side ends of the main magnet in the long axis direction and second auxiliary magnets respectively arranged at the side ends of the main magnet in the short axis direction;
  • the yoke includes a first peripheral frame portion in the long axis direction, a second peripheral frame portion in the short axis direction, and a connecting rod extending inward from the second peripheral frame portion; the first peripheral frame portion and the first peripheral frame portion A pair of magnets are connected, and the connecting rod is connected with a second pair of magnets.
  • the vibration system further includes a flexible circuit board and an auxiliary diaphragm;
  • the flexible circuit board includes a frame portion connected to the second peripheral frame portion of the upper yoke close to the side of the lower yoke, and The frame portion is connected to the conductive terminal extending toward the voice coil to connect to the side end of the voice coil away from the upper diaphragm.
  • the auxiliary diaphragm includes a fixing portion connected to the side of the frame portion facing the lower yoke, and is connected to the side of the lower yoke.
  • the conductive terminal faces the connecting part connected to the side of the lower yoke, and a vibration sounding part connected between the fixing part and the connecting part.
  • the lower magnetic yoke includes a bottom fixedly connected to the magnetic circuit system, and a connecting arm extending from the bottom and connected to the upper magnetic yoke, and the side end of the second secondary magnetic steel is connected to the upper magnetic yoke.
  • the first peripheral frame portion of the upper yoke is provided with a card slot for clamping the connecting arm.
  • the magnetic circuit system further includes a magnetic conductive sheet, and the magnetic conductive sheet is attached to the side of the main magnetic steel away from the lower magnetic yoke.
  • the beneficial effect of the utility model is that the magnetic ring is arranged between the upper film and the upper magnetic yoke, and the magnetic ring and the upper magnetic yoke are matched to optimize the magnetic field around the voice coil, so as to optimize the electrical coupling factor of the magnetic circuit, thereby improving the performance of the loudspeaker.
  • the upper mold and the upper yoke are fixed by the first supporting part and the positioning part, which reduces the production cost and simplifies the production process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the speaker structure of the utility model
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at A-A in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of C in Fig. 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at B-B in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of D in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diaphragm dome-magnetic ring phase separation of the speaker of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the speaker of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a side view of the magnetic ring structure of the utility model
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the other side of the magnetic ring structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a block diagram of the speaker structure of the utility model.
  • this embodiment provides a speaker, including a magnetic circuit system 20 and a vibration system 30;
  • the magnetic circuit system 20 includes an upper magnetic yoke 26, a lower magnetic yoke 24, a main magnetic steel 21 and a secondary magnetic steel 22.
  • the main magnetic steel 21 and the secondary magnetic steel 22 are arranged opposite to each other to form a magnetic gap.
  • the main magnet 21 and the auxiliary magnet 22 are fixed on the lower yoke 24, and the upper yoke 26 and the lower yoke 24 simultaneously serve to support and fix the main magnet 21 and the auxiliary magnet 22, and optimize the main magnet
  • the magnetic gap magnetic field between the magnetic gap 21 and the auxiliary magnetic steel 22 restricts the magnetic gap leakage magnetic field from spreading outward, so as to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 100.
  • the vibration system 30 includes a voice coil 31 and an upper film 32.
  • the voice coil 31 is inserted into the magnetic gap formed by the main magnet 21 and the auxiliary magnet 22 being opposed to each other, and the voice coil 31 drives the Said the upper membrane 32; the speaker 100 generates a magnetic field through the internal magnetic circuit system 20, the voice coil 31 is energized in the magnetic field to cause vibration, and the vibration finally acts on the upper membrane 32 to push the air medium to produce acoustic sound.
  • the voice coil 31 is a ring structure adapted to the shape of the main magnet 21.
  • the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field pass through the voice coil 31.
  • the voice coil 31 When the voice coil 31 is energized, the voice coil 31 will vibrate according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. The vibration of 31 is transmitted to the external air medium through the upper film 32 arranged in contact therewith, and then generates sound.
  • the auxiliary magnet 22 includes a first auxiliary magnet 221 and a second auxiliary magnet 222, and the first auxiliary magnet 221 is disposed on the long axis of the main magnet 21 Direction side end, the second auxiliary magnet 222 is arranged at the short axis direction side end of the main magnet 21; the first auxiliary magnet 221 is two parallel magnets, the second auxiliary magnet 222 Are two parallel magnets; the upper yoke 26 includes a first peripheral frame portion 261, a second peripheral frame portion 262 and a connecting rod 263, the first peripheral frame portion 261 is located in the long axis direction of the upper yoke 26, so The second peripheral frame portion 262 is located in the short axis direction of the upper yoke 26, and the connecting rod 263 extends inward from the second peripheral frame portion 262; the first peripheral frame portion 261 and the first auxiliary magnet 21
  • the connecting rod 263 is connected to the second secondary magnet 222, so that two relatively parallel first secondary magnets 221 and two relatively parallel second
  • the upper magnetic yoke 26 is connected to the side of the secondary magnetic steel 22 away from the lower magnetic yoke 24, and the upper magnetic yoke 26 and the lower magnetic yoke 24 fix the secondary magnetic steel 22 between the two
  • a magnetic ring 33 is arranged between the upper film 32 and the upper magnetic yoke 26.
  • the magnetic ring plays a supporting role, it optimizes the magnetic field around the voice coil through its own magnetic field to increase the electrical coupling factor BL of the magnetic circuit, and then The sound pressure level SPL of the loudspeaker 100 is increased to achieve the purpose of improving the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker 100, so as to improve the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker while connecting the upper membrane and the upper yoke.
  • the sound pressure level SPL of the speaker 100 refers to the sound pressure generated at a point 1 m away from the horn on the reference axis when the horn is applied with a voltage with a rated impedance of 1 W electric power, which is affected by the electromechanical coupling factor BL.
  • the electromechanical coupling factor BL is determined by the Bg value of the magnetic circuit and the effective length L of the voice coil 31. Therefore, when the effective length of the voice coil 31 remains unchanged, the sound pressure level of the speaker 100 can be improved by optimizing the magnetic circuit BG of the magnetic field.
  • the magnetic ring 33 further includes a first support portion 331 and a positioning portion 332, the first support portion 331 is connected to the side of the upper film 32 facing the lower yoke 24, and the positioning portion is connected to the lower yoke 24.
  • the upper yoke 26 is connected to the side away from the lower yoke 24, and the magnetic ring serves the purpose of fixing the upper film 32 on the upper yoke 26 through the first support portion 331 and the positioning portion 332.
  • the membrane 32 is a vibrating medium. In order to achieve a better sound effect, it needs to be tightly fixed on a rigid part around it.
  • the magnetic ring 33 is made of a permanent magnetic material, such as a common super-hardness made of Al-Ni-Co alloy.
  • Permanent magnet alloys can also be ferrite magnets, neodymium iron boron magnets, sintered neodymium iron boron, bonded neodymium iron boron and other magnetic steels. It also has a higher value when optimizing the internal magnetic field of the speaker. The strength of the structure allows the upper film to form a stable vibration via the magnetic ring.
  • the magnetic ring 33 is a ring structure, and its cross-sectional shape can be a common strip-shaped body with a rectangular outer profile, a strip-shaped body with a circular outer profile, or other shapes that are compatible with the shape of the upper film 32. ⁇
  • the cross section of the magnetic ring is rectangular, and the meaning of the ring structure is to allow other components in the speaker 100 to flow out of the configuration space to allow the magnetic field generated by the main magnet 21 and the auxiliary magnet 22 to pass through.
  • the ring 33 is mainly used as an auxiliary magnetic steel to optimize the magnetic field.
  • the voice coil 31 is located in the confinement space enclosed by the ring structure of the magnetic ring 33. Since the voice coil 31 itself is located in the magnetic gap between the main magnet 21 and the auxiliary magnet 22, when the When the voice coil 31 is placed in the confined space enclosed by the ring structure of the magnetic ring 33, the magnetic flux emitted by the magnetic ring 33 can effectively act on the magnetic field formed by the main magnet 21 and the auxiliary magnet 22, and then Optimize the Bg value of the magnetic circuit to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 100.
  • the upper diaphragm 32 is usually composed of a diaphragm 321 and a dome 322, but different loudspeaker 100 products will be different. A broad interpretation is adopted here, and the upper diaphragm 32 is regarded as a vibrating element with the dielectric characteristics of the diaphragm 321. In direct contact with the voice coil 31, an implementation form of the upper membrane 32 will be specifically disclosed in this embodiment, but this implementation form cannot be regarded as a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the upper film 32 is arranged on the side of the upper yoke 26 away from the lower yoke. It should be understood that other structural members may be arranged between the two, and the upper film 32 mainly serves to receive The voice coil 31 vibrates and interacts with the air medium through the characteristics of its own diaphragm 321 medium, thereby generating sound.
  • the magnetic ring 33 and the upper film 32 are fixed by a glue layer 34.
  • the upper film 32 is glued and fixed along the outer contour of the magnetic ring 33. Since the magnetic ring 33 is an integrally molded part, a high degree of concentricity can be ensured, so that the upper film 32 glued to it can maintain good product consistency , To effectively ensure the acoustic stability of the speaker 100.
  • the diaphragm 321 includes a second support portion 3211, a folding ring portion 3212, and a vibration portion 321.
  • the second support portion 3211 is glued to the positioning portion 332 of the magnetic ring 33, so that the diaphragm
  • the diaphragm medium on the 321 can be fixed on the positioning portion 332 and fully extended, which ensures the structural strength during vibration.
  • the vibrating portion 3213 is glued to the dome 322, the folding ring portion 3212 is connected between the second support portion 3211 and the vibrating portion 3213, and the magnetic ring 33 is also provided with a step 333, the step 333 is
  • the first support portion 331 extends from the positioning portion 332 in the direction of the upper film 32 and is formed to leave a sufficiently large space gap between the magnetic ring 33 and the upper film 32 to prevent the magnetic ring 33 from contacting the diaphragm 321. The resulting interference improves the stability of the vibration system 30.
  • the vibration system 30 further includes a flexible circuit board 35 and an auxiliary diaphragm 36;
  • the flexible circuit board 35 includes a frame portion 351 and a conductive terminal 352, the frame portion and the upper yoke 26
  • the second peripheral frame portion 262 is connected to a side close to the lower yoke 24, the conductive terminal 352 is connected to the frame portion 351, and the conductive terminal 352 extends toward the voice coil 31, so that the conductive terminal 352 is connected to the voice coil
  • the end of the side 31 away from the upper film 32 is connected, so that the flexible circuit board 35 supports the voice coil 31 and at the same time introduces current to the voice coil 31 through the conductive terminals.
  • the auxiliary diaphragm 36 includes a fixing portion 361, a connecting portion 362, and a vibration sounding portion 363.
  • the fixing portion 361 is connected to the side of the frame portion 351 facing the lower yoke 24, and the connecting portion 362 is connected to the side of the lower yoke 24.
  • the conductive terminal 352 is connected to the side facing the lower yoke 24, the vibration sounding portion 363 is connected between the fixing portion 361 and the connecting portion 362, and the auxiliary diaphragm 36 is released to be transmitted through the voice coil 31
  • the vibration to the flexible circuit board 35 protects the flexible circuit board 35 and improves the product life.
  • the magnetic circuit of the magnetic ring 33 acts on the auxiliary diaphragm 36 through the magnetic gap, and the vibration of the upper diaphragm 32 improves the acoustic performance of the speaker 100 .
  • the magnetic circuit system 20 further includes a magnetic conductive sheet 23, which is attached to the side of the main magnet 21 close to the dome 322, and the magnetic conductive sheet 23 and the main magnet 21 are sheathed together.
  • the magnetic ring 33 starts from the main magnet 21 and further optimizes and strengthens the magnetic circuit optimized by the magnetic conductive sheet 23, so that the current of the voice coil 31 can obtain a stable magnetic field effect, thereby obtaining a stable Vibration to improve overall product performance.
  • the lower magnetic yoke 24 includes a bottom 241 and a connecting arm 242.
  • the bottom 241 is fixedly connected to the magnetic circuit system 20 to support the entire speaker.
  • the connecting arm 242 extends from the bottom 241 And is connected to the upper magnetic yoke 26, the side end of the second secondary magnetic steel 222 and the first peripheral frame portion 261 of the upper magnetic yoke 26 are both provided with a card slot 25 for clamping the connecting arm, and the lower
  • the yoke 24 fixes the second secondary magnetic steel 222 between the upper yoke 26 and the lower yoke 24 via the slot 25.
  • the present invention optimizes the magnetic field around the voice coil by arranging a magnetic ring between the upper film and the upper magnetic yoke, and the magnetic ring cooperates with the upper magnetic yoke to optimize the electrical coupling factor of the magnetic circuit, thereby increasing the sound pressure of the speaker
  • the upper mold and the upper yoke are fixed by the support part and the positioning part, which reduces the production cost and simplifies the production process.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种扬声器，其包括磁路系统和振动系统，所述磁路系统包括上磁轭、下磁轭以及相对设置以形成磁间隙并与所述下磁轭固定相连的主磁钢和副磁钢；所述振动系统包括上膜和驱动上膜并插入于磁间隙内的音圈；所述上磁轭与所述副磁钢远离所述下磁轭的一侧相连，所述上膜与上磁轭之间设置有磁环；所述磁环还包括与所述上膜面向下磁轭的一侧相连的第一支撑部、和与所述上磁轭远离所述下磁轭一侧相连的定位部。使得使得磁环和上磁轭相配合优化音圈周围的磁场，以优化磁路的电耦合因子，进而提升扬声器的声压级，提高扬声器的声学性能。

Description

一种扬声器 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电声器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种扬声器。
背景技术
当前，手机扬声器越发小型化，扬声器中的构件在保证性能的基础上都极尽简化，力求以最简单的结构实现最佳的性能。扬声器通过主磁钢和副磁钢之间的间隙产生磁场，音圈在磁场内改变电流大小从而使自身振动，并将振动传递振膜发声，振膜通常通过钢环定位再胶合于上磁轭上。扬声器的声学效果受声压级SPL产生影响，声压级SPL受机电耦合因子BL影响，而磁场磁路是影响电耦合因子BL的重要因素，因此扬声器内除了主磁钢和副磁钢，还会有导磁板、下磁轭、辅助磁钢等磁性件对磁场进行优化，然而固定振膜的钢环不存在磁场，无法提升扬声器的声学性能，也存在钢环与音圈之间胶合条状的辅助磁钢以优化扬声器的磁路环境，但同时存在钢环与辅助磁钢不仅增加了生产成本和生产工序，而且提升了扬声器的重量，且条状的辅助磁钢环绕钢环设置难以保证胶合过程中的产品一致性。
因此，有必要提供一种优化内部磁场的同时降低生产成本和简化生产工艺的的扬声器。
技术问题
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种扬声器，旨在解决优化内部磁场的同时降低生产成本和简化生产工艺的问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本实用新型的技术方案如下：一种扬声器，包括磁路系统和振动系统；所述磁路系统包括上磁轭、下磁轭以及相对设置以形成磁间隙并与所述下磁轭固定相连的主磁钢和副磁钢；所述振动系统包括设置于磁间隙内的音圈、及与音圈相接触的上膜；所述上磁轭与所述副磁钢远离所述下磁轭的一侧相连，所述上膜 与上磁轭之间设置有磁环；所述磁环还包括与所述上膜面向下磁轭的一侧相连的第一支撑部、和与所述上磁轭远离所述下磁轭一侧相连的定位部。
上述技术方案中，所述第一支撑部自定位部向所述上膜方向延伸并形成台阶。
上述技术方案中，所述磁环的横截面为长方形。
上述技术方案中，所述第一支撑部与上膜还设置有胶合层，所述磁环与上膜经胶合层相固定。
上述技术方案中，所述上膜包括振膜和球顶，所述振膜包括第二支撑部、振动部和连接于所述第二支撑部与振动部之间折环部，所述第二支撑部与所述磁环的第一支撑部相胶合，所述振动部与所述音圈相连。
上述技术方案中，所述副磁钢包括分别设置于所述主磁钢长轴方向侧端的第一副磁钢和分别设置于所述主磁钢短轴方向侧端的第二副磁钢；所述上磁轭包括长轴方向的第一周框部、短轴方向的第二周框部、和自第二周框部向内延伸的连接杆；所述第一周框部与所述第一副磁钢相连，所述连接杆与第二副磁钢相连。
上述技术方案中，所述振动系统还包括柔性电路板和辅助振膜；所述柔性电路板包括与所述上磁轭第二周框部靠近下磁轭的一侧相连的边框部、和与边框部相连并向音圈延伸以与音圈远离所述上膜侧端相连的导电端子，所述辅助振膜包括与所述边框部面向所述下磁轭一侧相连的固定部，与所述导电端子面向所述下磁轭一侧相连的连接部，以及连接于所述固定部和所述连接部之间的振动发声部。
上述技术方案中，所述下磁轭包括与所述磁路系统固定相连的底部，和自底部延伸而出并与所述上磁轭相连的连接臂，所述第二副磁钢侧端和所述上磁轭第一周框部均设置有卡设所述连接臂的卡槽。
上述技术方案中，所述磁路系统还包括导磁片，所述导磁片贴合于主磁钢远离所述下磁轭的一侧。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本实用新型的有益效果在于：通过在上膜与上磁轭之间设置磁环，磁环与上磁 轭相配合优化音圈周围的磁场，以优化磁路的电耦合因子，进而提升扬声器的声压级，同时，通过第一支撑部和定位部将上模与上磁轭相固定，降低了生产成本并简化生产工艺。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1为本实用新型的扬声器结构示意图；
图2为图1中A-A处剖面结构示意图；
图3为图2中C处局部放大示意图；
图4为图1中B-B处剖面结构示意图；
图5为图4中D处局部放大示意图；
图6为本实用新型扬声器的振膜球顶-磁环相分离的状态结构示意图；
图7为本实用新型扬声器的结构爆炸示意图；
图8为本实用新型的磁环结构的一侧示意图；
图9为本实用新型的磁环结构的另一侧示意图；
图10为本实用新型的扬声器结构框图。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图和实施方式对本实用新型作进一步说明。
参见图1和图8，本实施例提供一种扬声器，包括磁路系统20和振动系统30；
具体地，所述磁路系统20包括上磁轭26、下磁轭24、主磁钢21和副磁钢22，所述主磁钢21和副磁钢22相对设置以形成磁间隙，所述主磁钢21和副磁钢22固定于所述下磁轭24上，所述上磁轭26和下磁轭24同时起到支撑固定主磁钢21和副磁钢22，以及优化主磁钢21和副磁钢22之间的磁间隙磁场，约束磁间隙漏磁向外扩散，以提升扬声器100的声学性能。
具体地，所述振动系统30包括音圈31和上膜32，所述音圈31插入所述主磁钢21和副磁钢22相对设置形成的磁间隙内，且所述音圈31驱动所述上膜32；扬声器100通过内部的磁路系统20产生磁场，音圈31在磁场内通电引发振动，并将振动最终作用于上膜32对空气介质的推动从而产生声学意义上的发声。
具体地，音圈31为与主磁钢21形状相适应的环状结构，磁场的磁场线经过音圈31，当音圈31通电时，根据电磁感应原理，音圈31会产生振动，音圈31的振动经与之相接触设置的上膜32传递至外界的空气介质，进而产生声音。
本实施例中，参见图5，所述所述副磁钢22包括第一副磁钢221和第二副磁钢222，所述第一副磁钢221设置于所述主磁钢21长轴方向侧端，所述第二副磁钢222设置于所述主磁钢21短轴方向侧端；所述第一副磁钢221为两相互平行的磁钢，所述第二副磁钢222为两相互平行的磁钢；所述上磁轭26包括第一周框部261、第二周框部262和连接杆263，第一周框部261位于上磁轭26的长轴方向、所述第二周框部262位于上磁轭26的短轴方向，所述连接杆263自第二周框部262向内延伸；所述第一周框部261与所述第一副磁钢21相连，所述连接杆263与第二副磁钢222相连，使得两相对平行的第一副磁钢221和两相对平行的第二副磁钢222形成四个围绕主磁钢21相对设置的条状磁钢，所述音圈设置于主磁钢21与四个围绕主磁钢21设置的第一副磁钢221和第二副磁钢222之间，主磁钢21和副磁钢22之间形成的磁间隙作用于音圈31，当音圈31上通过变化的电流时，音圈31在磁间隙内产生振动。
更优地，所述上磁轭26与所述副磁钢22远离所述下磁轭24的一侧相连，所述上磁轭26与下磁轭24将副磁钢22固定在二者之间，所述上膜32与上磁轭26之间设置有磁环33，磁环起到支撑作用的同时，通过自身的磁场优化音圈周围的磁场，提升磁路的电耦合因子BL，进而提升扬声器100的声压级SPL，以达到提高扬声器100声学性能的目的，从而在连接上膜与上磁轭的同时，提升扬声器的声学性能。
具体地，扬声器100的声压级SPL指的是喇叭在通以额定阻抗1W的电功率的电压时，在参考轴上与喇叭相距1m的点上产生的声压，其受到机电耦合因子BL的影响，机电耦合因子BL由磁路Bg值和音圈31线有效长度L决定，因此在音圈31线有效长度不变的情况下，可以通过优化磁场的磁路BG值提升扬声器100的声压级。
具体地，所述磁环33还包括第一支撑部331和定位部332，所述第一支撑部331与所述上膜32面向下磁轭24的一侧相连接，所述定位部与所述上磁轭26远离所 述下磁轭24的一侧相连接，所述磁环通过第一支撑部331和定位部332起到将上膜32固定于上磁轭26上的目的，由于振膜32是振动介质，为了达到更好的发声效果，其四周需要紧致固定在刚性件上，本实施例中，磁环33采用永磁性材料，例如常见的铝镍钴合金制成的超硬度永磁合金，也可以是铁氧体磁钢、钕铁硼磁钢、烧结钕铁硼、粘结钕铁硼等其他成分的磁钢，在起到优化扬声器内部磁场时，也具备较高的结构强度，使得上膜经由磁环固定形成稳定的振动。
具体地，所述磁环33为环状结构，其截面形状可以是常见的外轮廓为矩形的带状体、外轮廓为圆形的带状体，也可以是其他与上膜32形状相适应的带状体。本实施例中，所述磁环的横截面为长方形，环状结构的意义在于为扬声器100内的其他部件流出配置空间，以与让主磁钢21和副磁钢22产生的磁场通过，磁环33主要作为辅助磁钢起到优化磁场的作用。
参见图2，所述音圈31位于所述磁环33的环状结构所围成的约束空间内，由于音圈31本身位于主磁钢21和副磁钢22的磁间隙内，当所述音圈31被置于在所述磁环33的环状结构所围成的约束空间内时，磁环33发出的磁通量能够有效作用于主磁钢21和副磁钢22形成的磁场上，进而优化磁路Bg值，提升扬声器100声学性能。
具体地，上膜32通常由振膜321和球顶322构成，但不同的扬声器100产品会有所区别，此处采用广义的释义，将上膜32视为具备振膜321介质特征的振动件直接与音圈31接触，本实施中会具体公开上膜32的一种实现形式，但不能将该实现形式视为对本实用新型的保护范围的限制。
进一步地，参见图2，所述上膜32设置于上磁轭26远离下磁轭的一侧方向上，应当理解为，二者之间可以设置有其他结构件，上膜32主要起到接收音圈31的振动，并通过自身的振膜321介质的特性与空气介质产生交互，从而产生声音。
进一步地，参见图3，所述磁环33与上膜32经胶合层34相固定。所述上膜32沿磁环33的外轮廓相胶合固定，由于磁环33是一体成型件，因此能够保证较高的同心度，使得与之相胶合的上膜32能够保持良好的产品一致性，有效保证扬声器100的声学稳定性。
具体地，参见图4，所述振膜321包括第二支撑部3211、折环部3212和振动部32 13，所述第二支撑部3211与磁环33的定位部332相胶合，使得振膜321上的振膜介质得以在定位部332上固定并得到充分延展，保证了振动过程中的结构强度。所述振动部3213与球顶322相胶合，所述折环部3212连接于所述第二支撑部3211与振动部3213之间，所述磁环33还设置有台阶333，所述台阶333在第一支撑部331自定位部332向所述上膜32方向延伸并形成，以在磁环33与上膜32之间留出足够大的空间间隙，避免磁环33与振膜321相接触而造成的干涉，提升了振动系统30工作的稳定性。
具体地，参见图5，所述振动系统30还包括柔性电路板35和辅助振膜36；所述柔性电路板35包括边框部351和导电端子352，所述边框部与所述上磁轭26的第二周框部262靠近下磁轭24的一侧相连，所述导电端子352和与边框部351相连，且所述导电端子352向音圈31延伸，使得所述导电端子352与音圈31远离所述上膜32的一侧端相连，使得柔性电路板35在起到支撑音圈31的同时，通过导电端子向音圈31引入电流。所述辅助振膜36包括固定部361、连接部362和振动发声部363，所述固定部361与所述边框部351面向所述下磁轭24的一侧相连，所述连接部362与所述导电端子352面向所述下磁轭24的一侧相连，所述振动发声部363连接于所述固定部361和所述连接部362之间，所述辅助振膜36释放经由音圈31传递至柔性电路板35上的振动，在保护柔性电路板35，提升产品寿命的同时，磁环33的磁路经磁间隙作用于辅助振膜36，配合上膜32的振动提升扬声器100的声学性能。
具体地，所述磁路系统20还包括导磁片23，所述导磁片23贴合于主磁钢21靠近球顶322的一侧，该导磁片23与主磁钢21一同被套射与音圈31的环状结构内，磁环33对主磁钢21出发经导磁片23优化的磁路进一步优化加强，从而使得音圈31的电流能够获得稳定的磁场作用，进而获得稳定的振动，以提升整体的产品性能。
具体地，所述下磁轭24包括底部241和连接臂242，所述底部241与所述磁路系统20固定相连，起到支撑整个扬声器的作用，所述连接臂242自底部241延伸而出并与所述上磁轭26相连，所述第二副磁钢222侧端和所述上磁轭26第一周框部261均设置有卡设所述连接臂的卡槽25，所述下磁轭24经所述卡槽25将第二副磁 钢222固定在上磁轭26与下磁轭24之间。
藉此，本实用新型通过在上膜与上磁轭之间设置磁环，磁环与上磁轭相配合优化音圈周围的磁场，以优化磁路的电耦合因子，进而提升扬声器的声压级，同时，通过支撑部和定位部将上模与上磁轭相固定，降低了生产成本并简化生产工艺。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种扬声器，其包括磁路系统和振动系统，其特征在于，所述磁路系统包括上磁轭、下磁轭以及相对设置以形成磁间隙并与所述下磁轭固定相连的主磁钢和副磁钢；所述振动系统包括上膜和驱动上膜并插入于磁间隙内的音圈；所述上磁轭与所述副磁钢远离所述下磁轭的一侧相连，所述上膜与上磁轭之间设置有磁环；所述磁环还包括与所述上膜面向下磁轭的一侧相连的第一支撑部、和与所述上磁轭远离所述下磁轭一侧相连的定位部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一支撑部自定位部向所述上膜方向延伸并形成台阶。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述磁环的横截面为长方形。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述磁环的第一支撑部与上膜之间还设置有胶合层，所述磁环与上膜经胶合层相固定。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述上膜包括振膜和球顶，所述振膜包括第二支撑部、振动部和连接于所述第二支撑部与振动部之间折环部，所述第二支撑部与所述磁环的第一支撑部相胶合，所述振动部与所述音圈相连。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述副磁钢包括分别设置于所述主磁钢长轴方向侧端的第一副磁钢和分别设置于所述主磁钢短轴方向侧端的第二副磁钢；所述上磁轭包括长轴方向的第一周框部、短轴方向的第二周框部、和自第二周框部向内延伸的连接杆；所述第一周框部与所述第一副磁钢相连，所述连接杆与第二副磁钢相连。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述振动系统还包括柔性电路板和辅助振膜；所述柔性电路板包括与所述上磁轭第二周框部靠近下磁轭的一侧相连的边框部、和与边框部相连并 向音圈延伸以与音圈远离所述上膜侧端相连的导电端子，所述辅助振膜包括与所述边框部面向所述下磁轭一侧相连的固定部，与所述导电端子面向所述下磁轭一侧相连的连接部，以及连接于所述固定部和所述连接部之间的振动发声部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述下磁轭包括与所述磁路系统固定相连的底部，和自底部延伸而出并与所述上磁轭相连的连接臂，所述第二副磁钢侧端和所述上磁轭第一周框部均设置有卡设所述连接臂的卡槽。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述磁路系统还包括导磁片，所述导磁片贴合于主磁钢远离所述下磁轭的一侧。
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CN201204690Y (zh) * 2008-02-29 2009-03-04 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 电磁式讯响器
CN103597852A (zh) * 2011-06-13 2014-02-19 M·塞尔瓦迪奥 具有低厚度和高行程的电机械-电声换能器及其制造方法
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