WO2004085934A1 - 冷却装置 - Google Patents
冷却装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004085934A1 WO2004085934A1 PCT/JP2004/003155 JP2004003155W WO2004085934A1 WO 2004085934 A1 WO2004085934 A1 WO 2004085934A1 JP 2004003155 W JP2004003155 W JP 2004003155W WO 2004085934 A1 WO2004085934 A1 WO 2004085934A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- cooling
- cooling device
- stacks
- stack
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1403—Pulse-tube cycles with heat input into acoustic driver
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1405—Pulse-tube cycles with travelling waves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1416—Pulse-tube cycles characterised by regenerator stack details
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cooling device using the thermoacoustic effect.
- thermoacoustic effect has fewer moving parts than a cooling device that uses a compressor or the like, so it is focused on advantages such as high reliability. Recently, attention has been paid to environmental aspects as a cooling device that can use waste heat and does not use chlorofluorocarbons.
- thermoacoustic refrigerator composed of stacks located near the end of the valve (for example, “Steven L Garrett”, etc.).
- Step L Garrett One famous book “Thermoacoustic refrigeration”. Refrigeration. June 1993 issue. Vol. 64. No. 788).
- the thermoacoustic refrigerator is configured such that when the speaker vibrates at a frequency that causes a standing wave in the tube, the working fluid flows along the plates forming a stack.
- thermoacoustic refrigerator using self-sustained pulsation is described as having been successfully used for nearly 20 years (for example, “Steven Gearet (S teven LG arrett) and one other author, "The Power of Sound” (USA). American Scientist (American Engineer). 2000 8 8. P. 5 2 3. See Fig. 8.).
- Step. 8. the refrigerator utilizing the thermoacoustic effect is not easy to generate standing waves and traveling waves in a self-excited manner, it would be a good idea.
- a major drawback was that it took a long time to start the outbreak.
- the first invention of the present application relates to a stack in which a high-temperature heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger are joined, and a stack in which a cooling heat exchanger and a cooling output heat exchanger are joined.
- a loop pipe formed by connecting both ends of the tack to each other, and at least one or more sound wave generators are provided on the outside or Z and inside the loop pipe.
- a second aspect of the present invention is the cooling device as described above, wherein the sound wave generator comprises a part or the whole of the loop pipe.
- a third invention is the cooling device according to any one of the above, wherein the sound wave generator is made of a piezoelectric film. According to the second and third inventions, mainly, the cooling device can be easily realized, Can be achieved.
- the sound wave generator is provided so that a working fluid having a pressure difference with the pressure inside the loop pipe is communicated with the loop pipe by a valve or a valve.
- the cooling device according to the above characterized by having a container.
- a fifth aspect of the present invention is the cooling device according to any one of the above aspects, characterized in that one or both of the two stacks have a vibration generator.
- the sixth aspect of the invention is that the start time of the standing wave and the traveling wave is remarkably shortened, stable control can be performed, and the heat bonding to the stack can be achieved.
- the efficiency of the exchanger can be improved and the cooling output can be increased.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is the cooling device as described above, wherein the vibration generating device is formed of a piezoelectric element. According to the seventh invention, an efficient cooling device can be easily realized.
- An eighth invention is the cooling device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or both of the two stacks are made of a piezoelectric element.
- the eighth invention is characterized in that one or both of the two stacks are constituted by flow passages having different flow passage cross-sectional areas. It is.
- one or both of the two stacks are flow paths having a small flow path cross-sectional area close to the center of the stack, and are provided on the outer periphery of the stack.
- the cooling device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the cooling device is configured by a flow path having a large flow path cross-sectional area.
- one or both of the two stacks, the high-temperature heat exchanger, the low-temperature heat exchanger or z, and the cooling heat exchanger are provided.
- the cooling device according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the heat exchanger for cooling output is constituted by flow paths having different flow path cross-sectional areas.
- the above is characterized in that the following three patterns are constituted by channels having different channel cross-sectional areas.
- the first is that one or both of the two stacks, and the heat exchanger for high temperature and the heat exchanger for low temperature are constituted by channels having different channel cross-sectional areas. .
- one or both of the two stacks, and the cooling heat exchanger and the cooling output heat exchanger are constituted by flow passages having different flow passage cross-sectional areas. ing .
- one or both of the two stacks and the heat exchanger for high temperature, the heat exchanger for low temperature, the heat exchanger for cooling, and the heat exchanger for cooling output are provided. It is composed of channels with different channel cross-sectional areas.
- the eleventh invention is characterized in that one or both of the two stacks are constituted by flow paths having different flow path lengths of the stacks. It is a cooling device as described.
- one or both of the two stacks are formed by a flow path having a long flow path length near the center of the stack and a long flow path length.
- the thirteenth invention which is the cooling device according to any one of the above items, characterized in that the cooling device is constituted by a flow path having a shorter flow path length toward the outer periphery of the heat sink.
- One or both of the tacks and the heat exchanger for high temperature and the heat exchanger for low temperature or Z and the heat exchanger for cooling and the heat exchanger for cooling output The cooling device according to any one of the above items, characterized in that the cooling device is constituted by flow paths having different flow path lengths.
- a fourteenth invention is directed to one or both of the two stacks, and the high-temperature heat exchanger, the low-temperature heat exchanger or Z, and the cooling heat exchanger.
- the cooling output heat exchanger has a long flow path near the center of the stack and a long flow path and a short flow path toward the outer periphery of the stack.
- the inventions from the seventh to the fourteenth can improve the efficiency of the heat effector joined to the stack, improve the cooling efficiency, and reduce the size of the device. .
- a cooling output heat exchanger of any one of the cooling devices described above and a cooling heat exchanger of another cooling device described in any one of the above are combined, and a plurality of the combinations are combined.
- This is a cooling device characterized by being configured as follows. According to the fifteenth aspect, the cooling capacity can be improved and a lower temperature can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a cooling device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the cooling device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the cooling device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a stack having a vibration generator according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the cooling device of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thin tube showing an embodiment of the stack according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thin tube showing one embodiment of the stack according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a thin tube showing an embodiment of a stack and a heat exchanger according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the multi-stage cooling device according to the present invention. Best form to demonstrate invention
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing one embodiment of a cooling and freezing apparatus according to the present invention.
- the stack 1 joined to the heat exchanger 3 for high temperature and the heat exchanger 4 for low temperature, the heat exchanger 5 for cooling, and the heat exchanger 6 for cooling output are joined.
- the stack 2 is connected to each other by loop pipes 7 and 8, and a single sound wave generator is provided inside the loop pipe 7 to form a pipe.
- a predetermined working fluid is sealed in the pipeline.
- Stacks 1 and 2 are installed almost symmetrically with respect to the center of the device formed by loop pipes 7 and 8, and the distance between stacks 1 and 2 is almost the same. It is sufficient if they are installed, and the positions of stacks 1 and 2 are installed near the end of the loop pipe straight section.
- the present invention is not strictly constrained with respect to the positions of stacks 1 and 2 as in the prior art.
- the cooling effect based on the thermoacoustic effect according to the present invention will be described.
- a steep temperature gradient is formed in the stack 1 by the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 and the low-temperature portion of the low-temperature heat exchanger 4, the steep temperature gradient is formed.
- the working fluid fluctuates more.
- the working fluid vibrates greatly and circulates in the loop pipe, and propagates, so that resonance occurs in the loop pipe. That is, a standing wave and a traveling wave are generated in the loop pipe.
- a sound wave of a predetermined frequency is forcibly generated by the sound wave generator 9
- the onset time of the generation of the standing wave and the traveling wave in the loop tube is remarkably shortened and stable.
- the sound wave generator 9 promotes self-sustained pulsation, remarkably shortens the start time of generation of a standing wave and a traveling wave, and can perform stable control. As will be described later, in the present invention, a similar effect can be obtained by providing a vibration generator.
- the generated standing wave and traveling wave travel from the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 of the stack 1 to the low-pitched heat exchanger 5 of the stack 2.
- the standing wave and the traveling wave change in pressure and volume due to the standing wave and the traveling wave in the stack 2, absorb heat by the expansion process, and receive heat from the cooling / output heat exchanger 6.
- the heat is pumped up from the cooling heat exchanger 5 by the pump effect, and as a result, the cooling output heat exchanger 6 is cooled to obtain a cooling output.
- it has been required to reduce the frequencies of the standing wave and the traveling wave in order to obtain a large cooling output, but it has been required to reduce the frequency. And due to sound wave generation It took a long time to start.
- the frequencies of the standing wave and the traveling wave were reduced to shorten the sound wave generation start time, as a result, sufficient cooling output ifi could not be obtained.
- the frequency is not reduced unnecessarily, the start time at which a standing wave and a traveling wave are generated is remarkably reduced, and stable control can be performed. Cooling output can be obtained to improve efficiency c
- the sound wave generator 9 is a preferred embodiment in which one speaker is provided inside the loop tube in FIG. 1, but may be provided inside the loop tube. It may be installed on the outside or on both sides, and it is better to install a plurality at predetermined positions for each 1/2 wavelength and 1/4 wavelength of the generated standing wave and traveling wave. It is better. It is only necessary to place R in a predetermined position so as to promote the resonance of the generated standing wave and traveling wave, shorten the start time of generation, and stabilize the generation.
- the sound wave generator 9 is an embodiment of the present invention using the piezoelectric film 10 in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 shows a container 1 containing a working fluid.
- the piezoelectric film 10 made of a flexible and strong material such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVD) is a sound wave generator and a part of a loop tube. Can form the whole.
- PVD polyvinylidene fluoride
- the working fluid contained in the working fluid container 12 is opened and closed by a valve or valve 11 to communicate with the loop pipe, and the PV of the working fluid generated at that time is generated.
- the change in p (p is pressure, V is volume, and p is density) contributes to sound generation.
- the sound wave generator The ones that act on the working fluid to promote the generation of standing waves and traveling waves, and those widely used, for example, resonators, can be used. It is also possible to install them together.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment according to the present invention in which the stacks 1 and 2 are provided with the vibration generator 13.
- the vibration generator 13 acts on the working fluid by vibrating the stacks 1 and 2 to promote the generation of standing waves and traveling waves. In some cases, the effect can be obtained by installing the vibration generating device on only one of the stacks. Further, the vibration generator can be more simply realized by specifically using a piezoelectric element. Further, the vibration generator in which the stack itself is made of a piezoelectric element is preferably one layer. The vibration generator acts on the working fluid by vibrating the stack to promote generation of a standing wave and a traveling wave, and vibrates the stack. Was the most effective. However, it is not limited to which position or which part of the thermoacoustic cooling device of the present invention the vibration generator is provided.
- the stack 1 according to the present invention generates a standing wave and a traveling wave in the loop tube, and the stack 2 generates a standing wave and a traveling wave to pump up heat. It performs an important function of the present invention.
- the self-excited oscillation in the stack 1 and the self-excited oscillation in the stack 2 are achieved by configuring the cross-sectional areas of the flow paths of the stacks 1 and 2 with different cross-sectional areas. Found that heat exchange efficiency was improved.
- each heat exchanger not only the stacks 1 and 2 but also each heat exchanger (high temperature)
- the heat exchanger 3, the heat exchanger 4 for low temperature, the heat exchanger 5 for cooling, and the heat exchanger 6) for cooling output have different cross-sectional areas of the flow path, so that high temperatures can be achieved.
- the heat exchanger 3 for cooling and the heat exchanger 4 for low temperature self-excited oscillation is achieved
- the heat exchanger 5 for cooling and the heat exchanger 6 for cooling output the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vessel (3, 4, 5, 6) according to the present invention, which is orthogonal to the loop pipe axis. Contrary to the above, the cross-sectional area of the stack 1 and 2 or the stack 1 and 2 and each heat exchanger (3, 4, 5, 6) is near the center. The cross-sectional area of the flow path is large, and the cross-sectional area of the flow path may be reduced toward the outer periphery.
- stack 1 and stack 2 have different channel lengths, so that self-excited oscillation is improved in stack 1 and stack 2 is improved. Found that the heat exchange efficiency was improved.
- Stacks 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 6 are the preferred stacks 1 designed with a long flow path near the center and a short flow path toward the outer periphery.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view parallel to the loop pipe axis. Stacks 1 and 2 in which both the cross-sectional area of the flow path and the flow path length are incorporated in the design are more preferable. The size of the cross-sectional area of the stacks 1 and 2 and their in-plane distribution, and the length and shape / distribution of the flow path length depend on the type of working fluid and its physical properties.
- the heat exchangers 3, 4, 5, and 6 may be configured with different flow path lengths in addition to the stacks 1 and 2, so that the heat exchangers 1 and 2 may be used. It was found that self-excited oscillations were obtained in exchangers 3 and 4 and stack 2 and heat exchange efficiency was improved in heat exchanger 56.
- Stacks 1 and 2 and heat exchangers 3, 4, 5, and 6 shown in Fig. 7 were designed to have a long flow path near the center and a short flow path toward the outer circumference.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional schematic view parallel to the loop tube axis, showing an example of a preferred stack and heat exchanger.
- the size and distribution of the cross-sectional area of the stacks 1 and 2 and the heat exchangers 3, 4, 5, and 6 and their in-plane distribution, and the length and shape and distribution of the working fluid are determined by the working fluid. It is related to the type and its physical properties and the material and material of the stack, and is designed based on them.
- stacks 1 and 2 As a material for forming the above-mentioned stacks 1 and 2, ceramics, metal, wire mesh and the like, porous bodies and laminates thereof can be widely used. Further, as a material of the heat exchanger, a material having good thermal conductivity such as copper or nickel is preferable. Contrary to the above, stacks 1 and 2 and heat exchangers 3, 4, 5, and 6 have shorter flow paths near the center and longer flow paths toward the outer periphery. It may be good.
- the stack (FIG. 4) provided with the vibration generator 13 according to the present invention acts on the working fluid by applying vibration to generate a standing wave and a traveling wave. As described earlier, the stack simultaneously converts the standing wave and the traveling wave into heat, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.
- the heat exchange efficiency is further improved by installing the vibration generating device in the preferred stack according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
- the vibration generating device in which the stack itself is made of a piezoelectric element can improve the heat exchange efficiency and at the same time allow the device to be downsized.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the multi-stage thermoacoustic cooling device according to the present invention.
- the multi-stage thermoacoustic cooling device according to the present invention includes a cooling output heat exchanger 6 of the thermoacoustic cooling device described above and a cooling heat exchanger 44 of another thermoacoustic cooling device described above. And a combination of a plurality of such bonds. Accordingly, the finally obtained cooling output is obtained from the cooling output heat exchanger 666 in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 7, and the achieved cooling temperature is determined by the cooling output heat exchange.
- the temperature obtained in vessel 6 The temperature obtained by the cooling output heat exchanger 66 is lower, and the temperature obtained by the cooling output heat exchanger 66 6 is further lower.
- the cooling devices to be combined may be constituted entirely by the same device, or may be constituted by different cooling devices shown in the present invention.
- a high-temperature portion is formed by a heater or through hot water utilizing waste heat.
- waste heat it is not only preferable from an environmental point of view, but in the case of the thermoacoustic cooling device according to the present invention, the low output which is generated by the stack 1 in a normal state in a normal state is used.
- a high cooling output can be obtained instantaneously by operating with the cooling and freezing output and operating the sound wave generator when necessary.
- a low-temperature portion is usually formed by passing ordinary-temperature tap water or the like.
- the cooling heat exchanger 5 of the stack 2 is connected to the low-temperature heat exchanger 4 or cooled independently using the same type of medium as the low-temperature heat exchanger 4. .
- the cooling output heat exchanger 6 is cooled and transported to the cooling and freezing section by a medium to achieve the purpose.
- the heat exchangers 3, 4, 5, and 6 used for these are made of copper, stainless steel, and other materials and shapes such as mesh, sphere, and plate. It is used in the field and is not particularly limited. Further, the medium is not particularly limited because it is used in the field, such as water, oil, glycol, and brine.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen, helium, argon, a mixture of helium and argon can be used, and air can also be used.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen, helium, argon, a mixture of helium and argon
- air can also be used.
- operation with a small number of plumls Fluids are said to be more effective.
- the working fluid is good even at normal pressure, but 0.1 to 1 MPa is preferable, but it is not particularly limited.
- the embodiment of the cooling device shown in FIG. 1 will be specifically described.
- the copper pipe in the section was formed by welding with copper elpo to have a radius of curvature of 5 Omm.
- the two stacks 1 and 2 are made of ceramics 45 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. ).
- the high-temperature heat exchanger 3 has a diameter of 1.6 mm, a length of 100 Omm, and is supplied with a power of 360 W by a 30 ⁇ size heater to form a high-temperature portion.
- the low-temperature heat exchanger 4 and the cooling heat exchanger 5 formed a low-temperature portion by cooling a 20-mesh copper mesh at a circulating water flow rate of 0.61 / min at 15.
- Stack 1 is joined to heat exchangers 3 and 4
- Stack 2 is joined to heat exchangers 3 and 4, and they are installed so that they are equidistant in the loop pipeline.
- one speaker 8 was installed in the pipe, and a working fluid was mixed with a mixture of air of 0.1 IMPa and He as a working fluid.
- the speaker oscillates at 100 Hz a standing wave and a traveling wave will be generated about 1 second later. It was confirmed that this would occur.
- Heat exchanger 6 was able to cool from room temperature 24 to 7 ° C. Industrial applicability
- the cooling device according to the present invention is useful as a cooling device utilizing the thermoacoustic effect, which shortens the time required to start cooling and improves the efficiency.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/550,401 US7404296B2 (en) | 2003-03-26 | 2004-03-10 | Cooling device |
JP2005503996A JPWO2004085934A1 (ja) | 2003-03-26 | 2004-03-10 | 冷却装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003-084248 | 2003-03-26 | ||
JP2003084248 | 2003-03-26 |
Publications (1)
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WO2004085934A1 true WO2004085934A1 (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
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PCT/JP2004/003155 WO2004085934A1 (ja) | 2003-03-26 | 2004-03-10 | 冷却装置 |
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US (1) | US7404296B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2004085934A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100366991C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004085934A1 (ja) |
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- 2004-03-10 JP JP2005503996A patent/JPWO2004085934A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-03-10 WO PCT/JP2004/003155 patent/WO2004085934A1/ja active Application Filing
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US8806875B2 (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2014-08-19 | The Doshisha | Thermoacoustic device with suppressor |
WO2008029521A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-02 | 2008-03-13 | The Doshisha | Dispositif thermoacoustique |
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JPWO2008029521A1 (ja) * | 2006-09-02 | 2010-01-21 | 学校法人同志社 | 熱音響装置 |
GB2454429B (en) * | 2006-09-02 | 2011-03-23 | Doshisha | Thermoacoustic Apparatus |
JP2010286203A (ja) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-24 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 熱音響機関 |
JP2018025340A (ja) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-15 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 熱音響冷却装置 |
WO2019026217A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | 北海道特殊飼料株式会社 | 熱音響システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN100366991C (zh) | 2008-02-06 |
JPWO2004085934A1 (ja) | 2006-06-29 |
US20060185370A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
CN1761846A (zh) | 2006-04-19 |
US7404296B2 (en) | 2008-07-29 |
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