WO2004070865A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004070865A1 WO2004070865A1 PCT/JP2004/001306 JP2004001306W WO2004070865A1 WO 2004070865 A1 WO2004070865 A1 WO 2004070865A1 JP 2004001306 W JP2004001306 W JP 2004001306W WO 2004070865 A1 WO2004070865 A1 WO 2004070865A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel cell
- electrode
- reducing agent
- product
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system (fuel cell power generation device) including a fuel cell that directly uses an aqueous solution in which an organic substance is dissolved as a fuel and uses oxygen or air as an oxidant.
- Hydrogen gas and hydrocarbon-based liquid and gaseous fuels are used as fuel for fuel cells.
- Fuel cells using hydrocarbon-based fuel are classified into two types: a type in which fuel is reformed into hydrogen gas by a reformer and power is generated using hydrogen gas as a fuel, and a type in which hydrocarbon-based fuel is directly supplied to the fuel cell. Is done.
- the entire fuel cell system as c hydrocarbon fuels can be made compact, high for example energy density methanol
- Oxidizer electrode 3 Z 2 ⁇ 2 + 6 H + + 6 e— ⁇ 3 H 20
- the volume energy density is extremely high at 4800 Wh / L because 6 moles of electrons are generated from 1 mole of methanol molecule.
- 1 mole of carbon dioxide is generated as a fuel oxidation product at the fuel electrode.
- the generation of diacid There is a problem that the internal pressure of the fuel cell gradually increases as carbonized gas is generated, which tends to cause fuel leakage and decrease in cell performance.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fuel cell system provided with a carbon dioxide emission mechanism.
- a fuel cell system of this type includes an electromotive section 54 of a fuel cell, a fuel supply section 57 for supplying fuel to the electromotive section, and an oxidant supply section for supplying an oxidant to the electromotive section.
- a part 56 is provided.
- the fuel supply section 57 includes a fuel container 51, a pump 52, a fuel supply pipe 53, and a carbon dioxide emission mechanism 55.
- Fuel is supplied from the fuel storage container 51 to the electromotive unit 54 by the pump 52 through the fuel supply pipe 53 in the direction of the arrow L i, and the oxidant is supplied in the direction of the arrow L 2
- the oxidant is supplied to the electromotive unit 54 by the oxidant supply unit 56, and power is generated.
- Carbon dioxide produced by the power generation flows therefore in the direction of arrow L 3.
- the carbon dioxide discharge mechanism 5 5 which consists of gas-liquid separation membrane such as a fluorine-based porous membrane is discharged to the fuel cells system outside, depending on the orientation of the arrow L 4.
- the gas-liquid separation membrane used as this carbon dioxide discharge mechanism cannot completely and selectively separate carbon dioxide and fuel, and cannot be used as a gas that utilizes the difference in surface tension between the liquid and the separation membrane. It is a liquid separation membrane. Therefore, not only carbon dioxide but also evaporated fuel and oxidation products and by-products other than carbon dioxide generated when the fuel is oxidized (for example, aldehyde) pass through the separation membrane in gaseous form outside the fuel cell. It is discharged to. In other words, there is a problem that such gaseous fuel and by-products leak out of the fuel cell as vapor.
- alcohol fuels such as ethanol, propanol, and bushanol are difficult to completely burn and oxidize to carbon dioxide, even when electrochemically oxidized.
- the fuel electrode does not generate carbon dioxide with a large volume expansion from liquid to gas accompanying the oxidation reaction of the fuel, so that the fuel electrode of the fuel cell can be sealed. Then, it is possible to prevent the evaporated fuel, oxidation products and by-products from leaking out of the fuel cell.
- Fuel electrode C 3 H 7 ⁇ H + 5 H 2 ⁇ ⁇ 3 C ⁇ 2 + 18 H + + 18 e _ Oxidant electrode: 9/202 + 18 H + + 18 e- ⁇ 9 H 20
- Fuel electrode (CH 2 OH) 2 + 2 H 2 ⁇ ⁇ 2 CO 2 +1 0 H + + 10 e
- Oxidant electrode 5/20 2 + l 0 H + + 10 e- ⁇ 5 H 2 ⁇
- Total battery reaction (CH 2 ⁇ H) 2+ 5/202 2 ⁇ 2 C 0 2 +3 H 2 O
- the product becomes carbon dioxide, and the volumetric energy densities are very high, 710 OWhZL and 580 OWhZL, respectively.
- the anode can be sealed.
- the energy density of the fuel is greatly reduced from the above value.
- 2-propanol is used as fuel
- 18 moles of electrons are generated from 1 mole of fuel during complete combustion, as shown in equation (2).
- the product oxidizes only to acetone, and only one mole of fuel produces two moles of electrons.
- the energy density in this case is approximately
- the present invention can suppress leakage of fuel, oxidation products, by-products, etc. out of the fuel cell. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell system that can prevent a decrease in energy density due to the above-mentioned contents when a fuel other than methanol is used. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention provides a fuel cell including a fuel electrode, an oxidizer electrode, and an electromotive unit composed of an electrolyte sandwiched therebetween, a fuel supply unit for supplying fuel to the fuel electrode, An oxidant supply unit that supplies an oxidant, comprising: a product reduction mechanism that reduces a fuel oxidation product generated at the fuel electrode with power generation of the fuel cell.
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system as a feature.
- the product reduction mechanism includes a reducing agent that chemically reduces the fuel oxidation product.
- the product reduction mechanism section includes a reducing agent storage container, a product reduction section, and a fuel solution supply section.
- the fuel cell system further includes an attachment / detachment section for attaching / detaching only the reducing agent storage container from the fuel cell system or the product reduction mechanism.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of a fuel cell main body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of a fuel cell electromotive section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of a product reduction unit mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of another product reduction unit mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an outline of still another product reduction unit mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of a conventional fuel cell. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a fuel cell system according to the present invention. Note that the present invention is not limited to only these.
- the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1 includes a fuel cell 14 including an electromotive section, a fuel supply section 17 for supplying fuel to the electromotive section, and supplying air or oxygen as an oxidant to the electromotive section.
- An oxidant supply unit 16 is provided.
- the fuel supply unit 17 is formed by the fuel container 11, a fuel supply pipe 13 a for supplying fuel from the fuel container 11 to the electromotive unit in the direction of the arrow, a pump 12, and the electromotive unit.
- a product reduction mechanism 15 for reducing the fuel oxidation products.
- An exhaust pipe 13 is connected from the fuel cell 14 to the product reduction mechanism 15.
- FIG. 1 shows the pump 12 for supplying the fuel, but in the present invention, the fuel cell system can be configured without the pump 12.
- the fuel supply pipe 13a and the discharge pipe 13b can be formed of thin tubes that are capable of causing capillary action.
- a polyurethane, polyester, cellulose, or fu It can also be filled with a non-woven fabric or a porous material such as a knol-based resin, polypropylene or glass fiber.
- the oxidizing agent supply unit 16 for supplying the oxidizing agent may have a mechanism for forcibly sending air or oxygen, such as a pump or a fan.
- the fuel cell system according to the present invention can be configured. In this case, a large number of openings may be provided on the air electrode side of the electromotive section of the fuel cell 14 so that air is easily supplied naturally.
- fuel is sent to the electromotive section of the fuel cell 14 in the direction of arrow X, and a part of the fuel is oxidized by an oxidation reaction at the fuel electrode.
- Mixture of unconsumed fuel and fuel oxidation product is sent to the product reduction mechanism unit 1 5 according to the direction of arrow X 2.
- the product reduction mechanism 15 is configured so that at least a part of the fuel oxidation product is reduced and regenerated into fuel, and circulates again through the fuel supply pipe 13 a in the direction of the arrow X. .
- the electromotive section of the fuel cell 14 may be composed of a unit cell having a fuel electrode including a catalyst layer, an oxidizer electrode including a catalyst layer, and an electrolyte membrane sandwiched therebetween. Further, a stack obtained by stacking a plurality of the unit cells may be used. Alternatively, a structure obtained by connecting a plurality of the unit cells in series or in parallel in a plurality of planes may be adopted.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of this cell.
- a fuel diffusion layer 24a a fuel electrode catalyst layer 24b, an electrolyte membrane 24c, an oxidant electrode catalyst layer 24d, and an air diffusion layer 24e
- the diffusion layer 24a and the fuel electrode catalyst layer 24b constitute a fuel electrode
- the oxidant electrode catalyst layer 24d and the diffusion layer 24e constitute an oxidant electrode.
- Product reduction mechanism capable of reducing fuel oxidation products examples include protons released by an electrochemical oxidation reaction, reduction of a fuel oxidation reaction product by electrochemical, chemical, or light, into a fuel. Anything that can be reproduced can be used. Therefore, various organic substances can be used, but among them, an organic fuel having 2 or more carbon atoms can be suitably used. However, even if it has 1 carbon atom, it can be used as long as it does not burn completely by the electrochemical oxidation reaction and is not oxidized to carbon dioxide. Among them, alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, butanol and ethylene glycol, ethers such as dimethyl ether, and organic hydrides such as cyclohexane and decalin can be suitably used.
- R 3 -C- ⁇ H ⁇ R 3 -C ( ⁇ ) -OH + 4H ++ 4e— (5)
- R i, R 2 and R 3 are each independently an aliphatic A group (for example, an alkyl group), an aromatic group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aldehyde group or a carboxyl group, wherein the aliphatic group or the aromatic group is at least one oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, and silicon atom. Or a derivative thereof containing a phosphorus atom, a boron atom or a halogen atom.)
- the energy density of the fuel is determined not by the alcohol that directly oxidizes but by the reducing agent.
- the volume energy density is approximately 6900 Wh / L, and the reducing agent This is greatly improved compared to the case without using (790 W / L).
- a chemical reducing agent can be used in the product reduction mechanism.
- the chemical reducing agent representative besides sodium borohydride above also, for example, water borohydride lithium, potassium borohydride, a metal hydrogen complex compound such as aluminum hydride lithium ⁇ beam, the L a N i 5 Hydrides such as metal hydrides, hydrogen gas, reducing metals such as magnesium metal, and general formulas represented by Grignard reagents R—MgBr (where R is an alkyl group or an aliphatic group) , An aromatic group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, an aldehyde group, and a propyloxyl group, wherein the alkyl group is linear or cyclic, and has at least one oxygen atom, nitrogen atom, and sulfur. Atom, a silicon atom, a phosphorus atom, a boron atom, or a halogen atom.).
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the product reduction mechanism using a chemical reducing agent in detail.
- the product reduction mechanism shown in FIG. 3 is an example of a fuel cell system including the product reduction mechanism according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these.
- the product reduction mechanism section 35 in FIG. 3 includes a reducing agent storage container 35a, a pump 35b, and a reduction reaction section 35c.
- a mixture of unconsumed fuel and fuel oxidation products generated in the electromotive section of the fuel cell is introduced into the reduction reaction section 35c through the fuel supply pipe 33a in the direction of arrow P.
- the fuel in the reducing agent container 35 reducing agent accommodated in the a is supplied to the reduction reaction part 35 c according to the direction of the arrow P 3 by Bonn flop 35 b.
- Reduction unit 3 in 5 c Oxidation products are reduced. Played Fuel through the fuel supply pipe 3 3 b with the orientation of the arrow P 2, and sent again to the electromotive conductive portion.
- the fuel oxidation product may be brought into contact with the reducing agent.
- the fuel oxidation product is usually a liquid
- the reducing agent is a gas
- the fuel oxidation product may be bubbled (bubbled) with the reducing agent.
- a catalyst or the like may be added to the reduction reaction section 35c so that the reduction reaction of the product by the reducing agent proceeds easily.
- a structure using a pump 35b for sending the reducing agent to the reaction section as shown in Fig. 3 is particularly effective when the reducing agent is in a liquid state or a state in which the reducing agent is dissolved in a liquid. 3 5b may not be present. If the pump 35b is not provided, a structure may be adopted in which the reducing agent storage container 35a and the reduction reaction section 35c are common. Such a case is particularly effective when the reducing agent is in a solid state or a state in which the reducing agent is adsorbed on the solid. If the reducing agent is a gas, there is no pump 35b and it is effective to install a pressure reducing valve instead.
- FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which a separation section 35d is provided between the reaction section 35c and the fuel supply pipe 33b in the configuration of FIG.
- the fuel solution and the reducing agent react in the reaction section 35c.
- the reaction product of the reductive regeneration fuel and the reducing agent are separated in the separation unit 3 5 d, the fuel solution is fed to the fuel supply pipe 3 3 b with the orientation of the arrow P 2, instead formation reaction Motozai object is returned to the reducing agent container 3 5 a in accordance with the direction of the arrow P 4.
- Separation using a filter or an adsorbent, or distillation separation is used for the separation section 35d.
- a fuel cell system including a product reduction mechanism using a reducing agent
- power generation stops when much of the reducing agent and fuel in the fuel supply unit are consumed.
- the reducing agent may be directly injected into the reducing agent storage container, or in consideration of practical convenience, the used reducing agent storage container and a new unused storage agent may be used.
- the product reduction mechanism section has a reducing agent storage container, a product reduction section, and a fuel solution supply section, and is used for mounting and removing only the reducing agent storage container from the fuel cell system body. It is practically effective to have a reducing agent storage container loading / unloading section.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the product reduction mechanism for electrochemically reducing the product.
- the product reduction mechanism shown in FIG. 5 is an example of a fuel cell system including the product reduction mechanism of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these.
- the product reduction mechanism 45 in Fig. 5 is sandwiched between a reduction electrode 45d, which is the first electrode for electrochemically reducing the product, and a counter electrode 45b, which is the second electrode.
- An electrolyte membrane 45 c a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode.
- a voltage applying mechanism 45 f capable of applying a reduction potential to the first electrode, and includes a fuel oxidation product.
- a mixture of the fuel oxidation product and the unconsumed fuel is supplied from the fuel supply pipe 43 a to the diffusion layer 45 e, receives a reduction potential at the first electrode, is reduced and regenerated into fuel, and the discharge pipe 43 Through b, it is sent to the electromotive section again. At this time, an oxidation reaction is taking place at the counter electrode 45b, which is the second electrode.
- the counter electrode 45b which is the second electrode.
- the fuel is regenerated by using an external power source only by replenishing the second electrode with a solvent such as water.
- a solvent such as water.
- the external power source a DC power source such as a primary battery and a secondary battery, and an AC power source such as a generator and a household power source can be used.
- a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide or zinc oxide as the product reduction mechanism, and use a photoreduction reaction to reduce the product by irradiating light to them.
- the fuel cell system according to the present invention includes the product reduction mechanism that can reduce the fuel oxidation product generated at the fuel electrode during power generation. As a result, for the first time, it is possible to provide a fuel cell system that is extremely safe and has a high energy density without sealing the fuel system and discharging harmful substances to the outside of the battery.
- a power supply for electronic equipment such as a notebook computer and a camcorder
- a power supply for transportation equipment such as an automobile, a motorcycle and an electric bicycle
- a distributed power supply such as a home generator, and the like
- a wide range of applications can be expected as a high-energy power supply that replaces devices that used primary and secondary batteries.
- the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured.
- Ketjen Black EC (AK Z ⁇ Chemie, the Netherlands), a conductive carbon particle with an average primary particle size of 30 nm, carries platinum particles with an average particle size of about 30 A, The catalyst-carrying particles (50% by weight platinum) on the side were obtained. Also, platinum particles and ruthenium particles having an average particle size of about 30 A are supported on Ketjen Black EC, respectively, and the catalyst supporting particles (25% by weight platinum and 25% by weight ruthenium) on the fuel electrode side are loaded. Obtained.
- these catalyst-carrying particles and a solution of a hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte were mixed to prepare a catalyst paste on the oxidant electrode side and a catalyst paste on the fuel electrode side.
- the weight mixing ratio between the catalyst-carrying particles and the hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte was set to 1: 1.
- perfluorocarbon sulfonic acid (Flemion manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) was used as the proton conductive polymer electrolyte.
- the catalyst paste on the fuel electrode side was printed on one side of the hydrogen ion conductive polymer electrolyte membrane (Napion 117, DuPont, USA), and the catalyst paste on the oxidant electrode side was printed on the other side. did.
- the diffusion layer on the fuel electrode side and the diffusion layer on the oxidizer electrode side are superimposed around the proton conductive polymer electrolyte membrane, and joined by hot pressing to form an electrolyte membrane electrode assembly (MEA). ) was prepared.
- the catalyst area of the fuel electrode and the air electrode was set to 5 cm ⁇ 5 cm.
- a carbon nonwoven fabric 190 m thick, porosity 78%) was used. Thus, an electromotive section was obtained.
- An aqueous solution of 2-propanol at a concentration of 1 mol Z liter was used as an aqueous fuel solution.
- the fuel electrode in the electromotive section of the fuel cell 14 shown in FIG. 1 the fuel supply pipe 13 a, the pump 12, and the fuel container 11 are filled with the above aqueous fuel solution, and the 2-propanol aqueous solution is filled.
- the volume was 50 cc.
- the product reduction mechanism unit was composed of a reducing agent storage container, a pump, and a reduction reaction unit.
- a reducing agent to be filled in the reducing agent container 50 g of a 30% by weight aqueous sodium borohydride solution was used.
- a small amount of sodium hydroxide was added to the aqueous sodium borohydride solution to increase the stability of the reducing agent solution during storage.
- no catalyst was used in the reduction reaction section.
- a separation unit was provided after the reaction unit to separate the reaction product of the reducing agent from the fuel solution.
- the liquid part and the solid part (residue) were separated, and only the liquid part was returned to the fuel supply pipe.
- Air is supplied to the oxidizer electrode of the electromotive section at a rate of 200 cc / min by a pump as an oxidant, and the fuel electrode of the electromotive section is pumped with an aqueous fuel solution at a rate of 100 cc / min.
- a rate of The supply rate of the reducing agent in the product reduction section was 0.5 cc / min.
- a power generation experiment was performed at a constant current of 2.5 A in a room temperature environment without controlling the temperature of the battery. As a result, the voltage showed a stable value near 0.4 V. Power generation was stable up to 130 minutes from the start of power generation, but after about 130 minutes, the voltage gradually dropped and finally generated power for about 135 minutes. Was completed. This means that it was possible to generate power 1.7 times longer than the conventional example shown in Comparative Example 1.
- the fuel aqueous solution was similarly taken out of the fuel supply pipe 13c immediately after passing through the product reduction mechanism section, and lcc was taken out.
- the concentration was measured using a gas chromatograph. It had a mole Z liter. This suggests that the fuel concentration was reduced due to the exhaustion of the reducing agent in the product reduction mechanism, and power generation was stopped. Also, of course, no liquid leakage from the fuel cell system was observed.
- the fuel cell of the present invention provided with a product reduction mechanism capable of reducing a fuel oxidation product generated at the fuel electrode during power generation, the fuel system is sealed, and harmful substances are removed from the battery. It was possible to provide a fuel cell that is extremely safe and has a high energy density without discharging to the outside.
- Example 1 2-propanol was used as a fuel, but ethanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, and getyl ether also have a product reduction mechanism containing a reducing agent. As a result, it was possible to generate electricity for a longer period of time than when no reducing agent was used, Comparative Example
- Example 2 As a comparative example, a fuel cell system having exactly the same configuration as that of Example 1 was prepared except for the following points. That is, the reducing agent was not charged into the reducing agent container of the product reduction mechanism shown in FIG. 4, and instead, the same weight of fuel as the reducing agent used in Example 1, that is, the aqueous solution of 2-propanol was used. 0 g reducing agent The container was filled.
- Air is supplied as an oxidant to the oxidizer electrode of the electromotive section at a rate of 200 cc / min by pump, and an aqueous fuel solution is supplied to the fuel electrode of the electromotive section at a rate of 10 cc / min by pump.
- 2-Propanol filled in the reducing agent storage container was supplied to the fuel supply unit at a rate of 1.2 cc / min.
- Example 1 A power generation experiment was performed at a constant current of 2.5 A in a room temperature environment without controlling the temperature of the battery, and the voltage was shown to be stable around 0.4 V as in Example 1.
- Power generation was stable up to 75 minutes after the start of power generation, but after about 75 minutes, the voltage gradually dropped and stopped in the last 83 minutes.
- the power generation time was shorter than in the case where the product reduction mechanism of Example 1 was provided.
- the present invention for the first time, it is possible to provide a fuel cell that has a sealed fuel system, has no leakage of fuel and fuel oxidation by-products outside the battery, is extremely safe, has a long operating time as a battery, and has a high energy density. You can do it.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
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US10/545,119 US8557456B2 (en) | 2003-02-10 | 2004-02-06 | Fuel cell system |
CN2004800038022A CN1748332B (zh) | 2003-02-10 | 2004-02-06 | 燃料电池组 |
JP2005504903A JP3795912B2 (ja) | 2003-02-10 | 2004-02-06 | 燃料電池システム |
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JP2003032739 | 2003-02-10 | ||
JP2003-032739 | 2003-02-10 |
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US (1) | US8557456B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3795912B2 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2004070865A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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JP2008500697A (ja) * | 2004-05-26 | 2008-01-10 | ソシエテ ビック | 燃料電池用の燃料をその場で生成する装置および方法 |
JP2008159493A (ja) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-10 | Fujitsu Ltd | 燃料電池及びその制御方法 |
JP2008159492A (ja) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-10 | Fujitsu Ltd | 燃料電池 |
WO2019172273A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-05 | 2019-09-12 | 国立研究開発法人科学技術振興機構 | 電極触媒 |
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US8871393B1 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2014-10-28 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Regenerative fuel cell and hydrogen storage system |
CN102468510A (zh) * | 2010-11-18 | 2012-05-23 | 北京科技大学 | 一种基于杂多化合物储能的间接甲醇燃料电池装置 |
CN115275293A (zh) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-01 | 北京九州恒盛电力科技有限公司 | 一种液流电池及其控制方法 |
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JP2008500697A (ja) * | 2004-05-26 | 2008-01-10 | ソシエテ ビック | 燃料電池用の燃料をその場で生成する装置および方法 |
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JP2008159492A (ja) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-10 | Fujitsu Ltd | 燃料電池 |
WO2019172273A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-05 | 2019-09-12 | 国立研究開発法人科学技術振興機構 | 電極触媒 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1748332A (zh) | 2006-03-15 |
US8557456B2 (en) | 2013-10-15 |
JPWO2004070865A1 (ja) | 2006-06-01 |
CN1748332B (zh) | 2010-07-21 |
JP3795912B2 (ja) | 2006-07-12 |
US20060199047A1 (en) | 2006-09-07 |
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