WO2004058959A1 - PNPaseの製造法 - Google Patents
PNPaseの製造法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004058959A1 WO2004058959A1 PCT/JP2003/016653 JP0316653W WO2004058959A1 WO 2004058959 A1 WO2004058959 A1 WO 2004058959A1 JP 0316653 W JP0316653 W JP 0316653W WO 2004058959 A1 WO2004058959 A1 WO 2004058959A1
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- pnpase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/16—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1)
- C12N9/22—Ribonucleases RNAses, DNAses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H21/00—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
- C07H21/02—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with ribosyl as saccharide radical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/12—Transferases (2.) transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)
- C12N9/1241—Nucleotidyltransferases (2.7.7)
- C12N9/1258—Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase (2.7.7.8), i.e. polynucleotide phosphorylase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y204/00—Glycosyltransferases (2.4)
- C12Y204/02—Pentosyltransferases (2.4.2)
- C12Y204/02001—Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (2.4.2.1)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing PNPase (polynucleotide phosphorylase), which is an enzyme useful for producing a synthetic nucleic acid polymer.
- PNPase polynucleotide phosphorylase
- PNPase is an enzyme discovered by S. Ochoa in 1955. It catalyzes the reversible polymerization of ribonucleoside diphosphoric acid and releases inorganic phosphorus. This enzyme is widely distributed in bacteria but not present in animals.
- This enzyme can be used in vitro to polymerize ribonucleoside diphosphoric acid, which is useful for synthesizing high molecular weight homopolymers, copolymers, or oligomers with a defined sequence.
- PNPase can be obtained by classical separation and extraction from bacteria, a method that can be produced in large amounts in microorganisms by a recombinant DNA technique is also known (US Pat. No. 4,912,496). ).
- a PNPase gene (hereinafter also referred to as a “pnp gene”) is incorporated into a vector containing an appropriate expression control signal to increase the expression level of an enzyme gene, and PNPase is produced in large amounts in the transformed cells.
- pnp gene a PNPase gene
- T7 RNA polymerase (Genbank accession number M38308) efficiently and specifically promotes the transcription of genes downstream of the T7 promoter (US Pat. No. 4,912,496; US Pat. No. 5,693,34). 89 'US Patent No. 5,869,320). Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention provides a PNPase which can produce PNPase more easily and more efficiently than conventionally known methods, and which can reduce endotoxin contamination which is a problem in the synthesis of nucleic acid polymers as a drug material.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and as a result, solved the above-mentioned problems by using, for example, a transformant of Escherichia coli or the like having a T7 RNA polymerase gene with an expression vector linking the pnp gene and the T7 promoter.
- the present invention has been completed. Examples of the present invention include the following.
- a method for producing a PNPase comprising at least the following steps.
- C. a step of causing the transformant to express the PNPase gene, thereby accumulating the PNPase in the cells, and continuing expression until the cells are broken and the PNPase exudes into the extracellular supernatant;
- the production method (2) is preferred.
- the origin of the pnp gene is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, Escherichia coli (eg, K12 strain, 0157 strain) and related fungi (eg, Salmonella typhimuriimi).
- Escherichia coli eg, K12 strain, 0157 strain
- related fungi eg, Salmonella typhimuriimi
- an imp gene derived from Escherichia coli is particularly preferred. Les,
- the plasmid having the T7 promoter which is an expression control signal, is not particularly limited as long as it has a ⁇ 7 promoter, but is capable of replicating in a bacterial cell, has a specific restriction enzyme cleavage site, and has a specific restriction enzyme cleavage site. It is preferable to use the plasmid vector having a high copy number. Specific examples include ⁇ -based plasmid (manufactured by Nopagen), pRSET-A and p-RSET-B pRSET-C (manufactured by Invitrogen).
- the plasmid has a tag gene capable of adding a so-called tag to the PNPase of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the enzyme).
- tag genes include, for example, His tag gene, T7 tag gene, S tag gene, Nus tag gene, GST tag gene, DsbA tag gene, DsbC tag gene, CBD cex tag gene, CBDcenA tag gene, CBDclos tag Gene, Trx tag gene, HSV tag gene and 3X FLAG tag gene.
- a His tag gene is suitable.
- Escherichia coli or its relatives as a host are not particularly limited as long as they have a T7 RNA polymerase gene, but those used in recombinant DNA experiments are preferable.
- Specific examples include BL21 [DE3] E. coli, BL21 [DE3] pLysS strain E. coli, BLR [DE3] strain E. coli, Rosetta [DE3] strain E. coli, and B834 [DE3] strain E. coli.
- nucleic acid polymers such as nucleic acid homopolymer, nucleic acid copolymer, and oligonucleic acid can be synthesized.
- specific examples of the nucleic acid polymer that can be synthesized include polyinosinic acid, polycytidylic acid, polyperidilic acid, polyaduric acid, polyguanylic acid, poly (5-promocitylic acid), poly (2-thiocytidylic acid), and poly (2-thiocytidylic acid).
- the pnp gene can be cloned from Escherichia coli chromosomal DNA by a conventional method.
- a specific example is cloning by the colony hybridization method.
- the Ndel breakpoint was introduced into the start codon of the pnp gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the EcoRI breakpoint was introduced downstream of the stop codon.
- the pnp gene was introduced from this Ndel breakpoint by a conventional method. DNA fragments up to the EcoRI breakpoint can be obtained.
- This DNA fragment is digested with Ndel and EcoRI in advance, mixed with a plasmid having a T7 promoter whose terminal has been dephosphorylated, and subjected to a ligation reaction to construct a desired expression vector. be able to.
- Escherichia coli having T7 RNA polymerase gene or a related bacterium can be transformed by a conventional method.
- the transformed E. coli and the like can be cryopreserved by a conventional method.
- the transformation method can be performed by a conventional method, and is not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, a method such as a calcium chloride method and an electoral poration method can be used.
- the transformant can be cultured and grown in a medium that can grow by a conventional method. In culturing and growing, it is preferable to pre-culture at 37 ° C., for example. After starting the main culture and reaching an appropriate turbidity (for example, the turbidity at 600 nm is 0.4 to 1.0), an appropriate amount of an appropriate expression inducer is added to express the pnp gene. Enzyme 'can be induced into cells. If the culture is carried out for 7 to 9 hours after the addition of the inducer, the accumulation of the enzyme in the cells usually becomes the maximum, but if the culture is continued for further 24 hours, the cells usually usually self-digest. Incubate the enzyme The supernatant can be extracted. When the enzyme is exuded into the culture supernatant, the enzyme having a higher purity can be obtained since there is no cell destruction process and extraction process, and the contamination of endotoxin can be reduced.
- an appropriate turbidity for example, the turbidity at 600 nm is
- Examples of the above-mentioned expression inducing agent include isopropyl-1] 3-D-thiogalactopyranoside (hereinafter referred to as IPTG) and lactose.
- the transformant can be cultured by a conventional method using a medium containing nutrients necessary for the growth of microorganisms such as a carbon source and a nitrogen source.
- a medium containing nutrients necessary for the growth of microorganisms such as a carbon source and a nitrogen source.
- a medium used for ordinary Escherichia coli culture such as 2XYT medium, LB medium, and M9CA medium can be used.
- the cultivation can be performed, for example, at a culturing temperature of 20 to 40 ° C. with aeration and stirring as necessary.
- an appropriate amount of an antibiotic can be added to the culture medium and cultured.
- an appropriate amount of an appropriate defoaming agent for example, Adekinol LG-109 (Asahi Denka Kogyo), AntifoamAF Emulsion (Nacalai Tesque) is added to prevent overflow due to foaming at the latter stage of the culture. You can also.
- an appropriate defoaming agent for example, Adekinol LG-109 (Asahi Denka Kogyo), AntifoamAF Emulsion (Nacalai Tesque)
- a method for recovering the cells after culture and induction and extracting and purifying the enzyme can be carried out by a conventional method.
- the enzyme when the enzyme is accumulated in the cells, the cells are suspended in an appropriate buffer, and the cells are physically destroyed by ultrasonic treatment, French press treatment, etc.
- the enzyme can be obtained by removing body residues. If purification is necessary, the enzyme can be purified by salting out with ammonium sulfate, dialysis, treatment with a solvent such as ethanol, various types of chromatography, ultrafiltration, or the like.
- the enzyme expressed with a tag it can be more easily recovered and purified by a conventional method.
- the collected supernatant is applied with a force suitable for the applied tag. It can be purified by treating with ram.
- the enzyme produced by the method of the present invention can be treated with an endotoxin removal column in order to synthesize an endotoxin-free nucleic acid polymer usable as a pharmaceutical.
- an endotoxin removal column in order to synthesize an endotoxin-free nucleic acid polymer usable as a pharmaceutical.
- the step of destroying the bacterial cells is not required, so that endotoxin contamination can be prevented accordingly.
- a nucleic acid polymer can be synthesized by allowing the enzyme obtained by the method of the present invention to act on ribonucleoside diphosphoric acid in a conventional manner.
- the enzyme to which the tag is attached can be used as it is, but can also be used after removing the tag by an ordinary method.
- FIG. 1 shows a plasmid map of a PNPase (His-PNPase) expression plasmid with a His tag, pET28a ⁇ E.coli ⁇ His-PNPase.
- FIG. 2 shows a plasmid map of a PNPase (native-PNPase) expression plasmid without a His tag, pET30a ⁇ E.coli ⁇ native-PNPase.
- FIG. 3 shows the activity of a His-tagged PNPase.
- the vertical axis indicates the PNPase activity (U / L culture solution), and the horizontal axis indicates the culture time (hours) after the induction of expression.
- the black column shows the PNPase activity in the cell lysate, and the white column shows the PNPase activity in the culture supernatant.
- FIG. 4 shows the activity of a PNPase without a His tag.
- the vertical axis shows the PNPase activity (U / L culture solution), and the horizontal axis shows the culture time (hours) after expression induction.
- the black column shows the PNPase activity in the cell lysate, and the white column shows the PNPase activity in the culture supernatant.
- FIG. 5 shows the synthesis reaction yield and average chain length of polyinosinic acid.
- the left vertical axis represents the synthesis reaction yield (%)
- the right vertical axis represents the average chain length (the number of bases)
- the horizontal axis represents the time (hour).
- -Hataichi indicates the transition of the synthesis reaction yield
- '-- ⁇ ... indicates the transition of the average chain length.
- FIG. 6 shows the synthesis reaction yield and average chain length of polycytidylic acid.
- the left vertical axis represents the synthesis reaction yield (%)
- the right vertical axis represents the average chain length (the number of bases)
- the horizontal axis represents the time (hour).
- Ichiichi represents the transition of the synthesis reaction yield, and 100 ... represents the transition of the average chain length.
- the pnp gene was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of Escherichia coli C600K- by colony hybridization, the Ndel breakpoint was introduced at the start codon of the pnp gene by PCR, and the EcoRI breakpoint was introduced downstream of the stop codon.
- the DNA fragment from the Ndel breakpoint to the EcoRI breakpoint containing the pnp gene was obtained by 3 ⁇ 4.
- This DNA fragment was previously cleaved with Ndel and EcoRI, and mixed with an expression vector plasmid pET28a (including His tag gene; Novagen), which had been dephosphorylated at the 5 'end, and subjected to a binding reaction to express the tag gene.
- the vector was constructed.
- This expression vector was composed of pET28aDNA into which a DNA fragment of about 2400 base pairs had been inserted, and this plasmid was named pET28a ⁇ E.coli ⁇ His-PNPase (see FIG. 1).
- the part derived from the vector matches the sequence published by Novagen, and the part of the pnp gene is described in the public gene database Genbank registration number NC000913. It completely matched the DNA sequence of the E. coli K12 strain corresponding to the pnp gene.
- pET28a'E.coli'His-PNPase DNA was cut with Ndel and EcoRI, and agarose gel electrophoresis was performed to extract an Ndel-EcoRI DNA fragment of about 2400 base pairs.
- this DNA fragment was cut with Ndel and EcoRI in advance, and the 5'-terminal dephosphorylated expression vector plasmid pET30a (without the tag gene). (Novagen) and a binding reaction was carried out to construct an expression vector without a tag gene.
- This expression vector was composed of pET30a DNA into which a DNA fragment of about 2400 base pairs had been inserted, and this plasmid was named pET30a ⁇ E. coli ⁇ native-PNPase (see Fig. 2).
- Escherichia coli BL21 [DE3] (Novagen) was transformed by the above-mentioned plasmid pET28a ⁇ E.coli ⁇ His-PNPase or pET30a ⁇ E.coli ⁇ native-PNPase according to a conventional method. Transformants were prepared.
- a LB medium (LB BROTH BASE, manufactured by Invito Kuchigen, cat No. 12780-052) is charged to a 10-L tabletop jar arm mentor (manufactured by Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd., LS-10), and the preculture is inoculated.
- the turbidity at 600 mn at the start of culture was about 0.2
- aeration culture was performed at 37 ° C, 1 vvm, and 500 rpm.
- 'IPTG manufactured by Nacalai Tester
- Kanamycin was added at a concentration of 25 mg / L to prevent the expression vector from dropping off.
- extraction buffer A 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0
- the crude cell extract was subjected to Ni + affinity chromatography ( ⁇ 2.6 ⁇ 20, His Bind Flactogel M, Novagen) to purify the His-tagged enzyme. After applying the crude cell extract to a column equilibrated with extraction buffer A at 5 mL / min, the resin is washed with 1 L of extraction buffer A, and finally 1 L of 0.5 M imidazole is added. The enzyme to which the His tag was added was eluted from the column with extraction buffer A containing the enzyme. Next, in order to change the pH and remove sodium chloride and imidazole, diafiltration using an ultrafiltration membrane was performed.
- ND Not measured As is clear from Table 1, approximately 200,000 units of the enzyme were obtained from 112 L of cultured cells (cultured for 3 hours after induction). In addition, endotoxin contained in a large amount after the first diafiltration was almost completely removed by Kurimoverll column treatment, and the final product contained only 9.3 EU endotoxin per PNPase unit.
- the His-tagged enzyme was purified from the cells collected from 56 L of culture solution (7 L cultures x 8 times) 7 hours after the induction of expression by IPTG addition.
- the cells were suspended in about 1/30 of the culture volume of extraction buffer B (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 0.5 M sodium chloride, 5% glycerol), and suspended at 50 mg / L.
- extraction buffer B (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 0.5 M sodium chloride, 5% glycerol
- the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then frozen at _80 ° C. After rapidly thawing the frozen cells at 37 ° C, the cells were sonicated for about 5 minutes at maximum output using a crushing horn of an Astrasson ultrasonic cell crusher XL2020 and cat No.200.
- the cell lysate was centrifuged at 20,000 X g at 4 ° C for 60 minutes, and the supernatant was collected to prepare a 1.5 L crude cell extract.
- the crude cell extract was subjected to Ni + affinity chromatography to purify the His-tagged enzyme.
- the crude cell extract is applied to the column equilibrated with B. At 5 mL / min, the resin is washed with 1 L of extraction buffer B and finally 1 L of 0.5 M imidazole.
- the protein tagged with His was eluted from the column with extraction buffer B containing.
- a diafiltration using an ultrafiltration membrane was performed.
- Ultrafiltration was performed while adding a buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 5 mM magnesium chloride, 5% glycerol) to keep the amount of the enzyme solution constant. Ultrafiltration was continued until the filtrate reached ⁇ L, the buffer solution composition of the enzyme solution was changed, and the solution was stored frozen at 120 ° C. A sample was collected at each purification step, and the activity of the enzyme and the amount of endotoxin were measured.
- a buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 5 mM magnesium chloride, 5% glycerol)
- ND Not measured As is clear from Table 2, approximately 170,000 units of the enzyme could be obtained from 56 L of cultured cells (cultured for 7 hours after induction). This was almost the same as the amount of the enzyme purified from the 112 L cells cultured for 3 hours after induction, and proved that increasing the culture time increased the yield of the enzyme. In addition, the endotoxin contained in large amounts after the first filtration was almost completely removed by the Kurimoverll column treatment, and the final product contained only 1.0 EU endotoxin per unit of the enzyme. Was. This value was lower than the amount of endotoxin (9.3 EU / U-PNPase) contained in the enzyme purified from 112 L of cells cultured for 3 hours after induction.
- the enzyme adsorbed on the ion exchange resin was washed with 5 L of 20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0 and 0.1 M sodium chloride, Elution was carried out with a buffer containing 0.5 M sodium chloride to obtain a crude enzyme solution.
- the crude enzyme solution was subjected to Ni + affinity chromatography to purify the His-tagged enzyme.
- the resin is mixed with 1 L of extraction buffer B and 1 L of extraction buffer B containing 50 mM imidazole.
- the His-tagged enzyme was eluted from the column with extraction buffer B containing 0.5 L of 0.5 M imidazole.
- diafiltration using an ultrafiltration membrane was performed for the purpose of changing pH and removing sodium chloride and imidazole.
- ultrafiltration was performed while adding a buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.0, 0.15 M sodium chloride). Ultrafiltration was continued until the filtrate reached 7 L, and the buffer composition of the enzyme solution was changed.
- the enzyme solution was applied to a Kurimover II column.
- the enzyme solution was treated at 1.7 mL / min on the activated Kurimover II column, and the flow-through fraction was collected.
- a diafiltration was carried out using a P-Tori extrafiltration membrane (PREP / SCALE-TFF, molecular weight cut off: 30,000, manufactured by Millipore).
- Ultrafiltration was performed while adding a buffer solution (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 5 mM magnesium chloride, 5% glycerol) so as to keep the amount of the enzyme solution constant. Ultrafiltration was continued until the filtrate reached 7 L.
- the enzyme solution was stored frozen at 120 ° C. A sample was collected at each stage of purification, and the activity of the enzyme and the amount of endotoxin were measured. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Table 3 Table 3
- ND Not measured As is clear from Table 3, about 50,000 units of the enzyme were obtained from 28 L culture supernatant for 24 hours. This enzyme showed almost no presence of other proteins in the protein purity assay by SDS-PAGE / Kumasi Blue staining. In addition, endotoxin contained in large amounts after the first diafiltration was mostly removed by Kurimoverll column treatment, and the final product contained only 1.2 EU endotoxin per unit of the enzyme. . This value was lower than the amount of endotoxin (9.3 EU / U-PNPase) contained in the enzyme purified from 112 L cells cultured for 3 hours after induction. From this, it can be said that purification of the enzyme from the culture supernatant is a method of obtaining the enzyme of high purity, which can omit the process of crushing cells, which is difficult to scale up.
- both the enzyme with the His tag and the enzyme without the tag had the maximum accumulation in the cells within 7 to 9 hours after induction, It decreased after 24 hours. At 24 hours after induction, more of the enzyme was released into the culture supernatant than the amount accumulated in the cells 7 to 9 hours after induction (see Figs. 3 and 4).
- the supernatant was separated by centrifugation at 4 ° C, 15,000 rpm for 5 minutes (MR-150, manufactured by Tommy Seie).
- 50 L of the supernatant and 50 ⁇ L of Tassky-Shorr reagent 0.5 M sulfuric acid, 10 g / (L-ammonium molybdate, 50 g / L ferrous sulfate) was added, stirred for 30 seconds, and left at room temperature for 5 minutes.
- the absorbance at 660 nm was measured (Model 550, manufactured by BkrRad), and the activity of the enzyme was calculated.
- 1U as defined here is the amount of enzyme that releases 1 mole of inorganic phosphate by a reaction at 37 ° C, pH 9.0, for 15 minutes.
- Polyinosinic acid (RNA homopolymer) was synthesized using the enzyme purified from 112 L cultured cells. The conditions under which a small-scale synthesis reaction was performed in advance to determine a polymer with a high reaction yield and a long average chain length were determined. The synthesis of polyinosinic acid was performed in a total volume of 350 mL and the reaction solution composition (100 mM 2- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -l-piperazinyl] ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) -NaOH ⁇ 7.5, 0.4 mM EDTA sodium , 50 mM magnesium chloride, 0.1 g / L The test was performed at 37 ° C.
- the chain length was determined using a degradation product of pUC119 (manufactured by Takara Shuzo) with restriction enzymes EcoRI, Narl and Nspl (manufactured by New England Bio Lab) as an index.
- Figure 5 shows the results. As is evident from FIG. 5, polyinosinic acid having an average chain length of about 2200 bases was obtained at a reaction yield of about 50% by the reaction at 37 ° C. for 11 hours.
- polycytidylic acid was synthesized. Total volume 350 mL, reaction solution composition (100 mM glycine-NaOH pH 9.0, 0.4 mM EDTA disodium, 25 mM magnesium chloride, 0.1 g / L citidine diphosphate trisodium sodium salt (Yamasa Shoyu Co., Ltd.), 11.43 U / mL His-PNPase) at 37 ° C. Samples were collected over time and a portion was analyzed by gel filtration HPLC under denaturing conditions to calculate the average chain length and reaction yield.
- Figure 6 shows the results. As is clear from FIG. 6, polycytidylic acid having an average chain length of about 2200 bases was obtained by a reaction at 37 ° C. for 7 hours with a reaction yield of about 65%.
- expression of the tagged enzyme greatly facilitates purification, and the unexpected effect of increasing the production of the enzyme by Escherichia coli about twice is obtained.
- the enzyme due to the cultivation method, the enzyme is released into the culture supernatant without accumulating in the cells, preventing the contamination of a large amount of endotoxin due to cell disruption.
- the enzyme can be purified quickly and easily.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004562927A JPWO2004058959A1 (ja) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-25 | PNPaseの製造法 |
EP03768192A EP1582584A4 (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-25 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING PNPASE |
US10/540,145 US20060166315A1 (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-25 | Process for producing pnpase |
AU2003292772A AU2003292772A1 (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-25 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING PNPase |
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JP2002376780 | 2002-12-26 | ||
JP2002-376780 | 2002-12-26 |
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WO2004058959A1 true WO2004058959A1 (ja) | 2004-07-15 |
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EP (1) | EP1582584A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2004058959A1 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2004058959A1 (ja) |
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KR20140019832A (ko) * | 2011-04-13 | 2014-02-17 | 길리애드 사이언시즈, 인코포레이티드 | 항바이러스 치료를 위한 1''-치환 피리미딘 ν-뉴클레오사이드 유사체 |
CN102559667B (zh) * | 2011-12-31 | 2013-12-04 | 浙江工业大学 | 脱氧次黄嘌呤在脱氧寡核苷酸链连接反应中的应用 |
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US4927755A (en) * | 1987-11-02 | 1990-05-22 | Societe De Conseils De Recherches Et D'applicatios Scientifiques (S.C.R.A.S.) | Process for preparing polynucleotides |
JPH0923886A (ja) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-28 | Wako Pure Chem Ind Ltd | 家蚕由来のプロフェノールオキシダーゼおよびフェノールオキシダーゼ、そのdnaならびにその製造方法 |
WO1998036080A1 (en) * | 1997-02-13 | 1998-08-20 | The Dow Chemical Company | Recombinant haloaliphatic dehalogenases |
WO1999057153A1 (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 1999-11-11 | Insight Strategy & Marketing Ltd. | Heparanase specific molecular probes and their use in research and medical applications |
EP0972836A2 (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 2000-01-19 | The Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research | Endonuclease |
JP2001245666A (ja) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-11 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co Ltd | 新規ポリペプチド |
EP1153931A1 (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2001-11-14 | Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd. | Shortened-chain polynucleotides and process for the preparation thereof |
WO2002010370A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-07 | Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Procede de production d'une proteine recombinee |
EP1221478A2 (en) * | 2001-01-09 | 2002-07-10 | National Food Research Institute | Polynucleotides coding for the type III, II and I erythrose reductases from Trichosporonoides megachilensis and uses thereof for the production of erythritol |
Family Cites Families (1)
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JP2002253270A (ja) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-09-10 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | 組換え蛋白質の製造方法 |
-
2003
- 2003-12-25 US US10/540,145 patent/US20060166315A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-25 EP EP03768192A patent/EP1582584A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-25 AU AU2003292772A patent/AU2003292772A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-25 JP JP2004562927A patent/JPWO2004058959A1/ja active Pending
- 2003-12-25 WO PCT/JP2003/016653 patent/WO2004058959A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2003292772A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
JPWO2004058959A1 (ja) | 2006-04-27 |
US20060166315A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
EP1582584A4 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
EP1582584A1 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
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