WO2004040681A1 - 膜一電極構造体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
膜一電極構造体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004040681A1 WO2004040681A1 PCT/JP2003/013777 JP0313777W WO2004040681A1 WO 2004040681 A1 WO2004040681 A1 WO 2004040681A1 JP 0313777 W JP0313777 W JP 0313777W WO 2004040681 A1 WO2004040681 A1 WO 2004040681A1
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- polymer electrolyte
- solid polymer
- electrolyte membrane
- adhesive
- membrane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/028—Sealing means characterised by their material
- H01M8/0284—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a membrane-electrode structure used for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and a method for producing the same.
- a solid polymer fuel cell using a polymer electrolyte membrane is preferably used because a high voltage and a large current are easily obtained.
- a membrane-electrode structure used in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell a membrane-electrode structure shown in FIG. 8 is conventionally known (for example, US Pat. No. 5,176,666).
- the body 12 is composed of a polymer electrolyte membrane 2, a pair of catalyst layers 3 and 4 sandwiching the polymer electrolyte membrane 2, and a pair of diffusion layers 5 stacked on both catalyst layers 3 and 4. , 6.
- the catalyst layers 3, 4 and the diffusion layers 5, 6 are formed in the same size as the polymer electrolyte membrane 2, and the respective layers 3, 4 are formed.
- 5, and 6 are laminated so that the outer peripheral edge of the polymer electrolyte membrane 2 matches the outer peripheral edge of the polymer electrolyte membrane 2.
- the membrane-electrode structure 12 when a reducing gas such as hydrogen or methanol is introduced into the catalyst layer 3 through the diffusion layer 5, protons generated in the catalyst layer 3 are highly separated. It moves to the catalyst layer 4 on the oxygen electrode side via the secondary electrolyte membrane 2. In the catalyst layer 4, an oxidizing gas such as air or oxygen is introduced through the diffusion layer 6, and the protons react with oxygen and electrons to generate water. Therefore, the membrane-electrode structure 12 can be used as a fuel cell by connecting the two catalyst layers 3 and 4 via conductive wires.
- a reducing gas such as hydrogen or methanol
- the polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is formed to be larger than the catalyst layers 3 and 4 and the diffusion layers 5 and 6, and the catalyst layer 3 ⁇ .4 and the diffusion layers 5 and 6 are formed.
- a membrane-electrode structure 13 has been proposed in which the outer periphery of the membrane is located on the inner periphery side of the outer periphery of the polymer electrolyte membrane 2 (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-2002). 2 3 1 3 6). :
- the supplied gas is diffused outward from the outer periphery of the catalyst layers 3 and 4 and the diffusion layers 5 and 6 of the polymer electrolyte membrane 2.
- the overhanging part can be shielded to prevent the mixing.
- the projecting portion of the polymer electrolyte membrane 2 can prevent the catalyst layers 3 and 4 from being electrically short-circuited.
- the adhesive support layer 9 causes the polymer electrolyte membrane 2 to protrude from the outer peripheral edges of the catalyst layers 3 and 4 and the diffusion layers 5 and 6 and extend outward. Is expected to be protected and prevent damage. Further, in the membrane-electrode structures 1 a and 1 b, the diffusion layer 6 covering the catalyst layer 4 and the adhesive support layer 9 is formed to further protect the polymer electrolyte membrane 2. It is expected that it can be reinforced.
- the adhesive property may vary.
- the support layer 9 may be peeled off from the polymer electrolyte membrane 2, and the effect of protecting the polymer electrolyte membrane 2 may not be sufficiently obtained. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention eliminates such disadvantages and provides a membrane-electrode structure including an adhesive support layer that does not peel off from the solid polymer electrolyte membrane even in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment during fuel cell operation.
- the purpose is to:
- an object of the present invention is to provide a polymer electrolyte fuel cell using the membrane electrode structure, an electric device using the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, and a transportation device using the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. There is also.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the membrane-electrode structure.
- a membrane-electrode structure of the present invention comprises a pair of electrodes having a catalyst layer, and a solid polymer electrode sandwiched between the catalyst layers of both electrodes. And a catalyst layer, wherein the catalyst layer is located on an inner peripheral side of an outer peripheral edge of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and at least one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is provided with the catalyst layer and the catalyst.
- a membrane-electrode structure provided over the entire outer periphery of the layer and adhered to the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and covered with an adhesive support layer for supporting the solid polymer electrolyte membrane,
- the adhesive support layer is made of an adhesive having a fluorine atom in a molecular structure.
- the adhesive support layer is made of an adhesive having a fluorine atom in a molecular structure, it can be exposed to a high-temperature, high-humidity environment during fuel cell operation. It can be firmly adhered to the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and does not peel off. Therefore, it is possible to protect the solid polymer electrolyte membrane extending outward from the green of the outer periphery of the catalyst layer and to prevent the solid polymer electrolyte membrane from being damaged.
- the adhesive support layer may be provided on only one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, or may be provided on both surfaces.
- the adhesive support layer when the adhesive support layer is firmly adhered to the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, when the solid polymer electrolyte membrane repeatedly expands and contracts in the high temperature and high humidity environment, The support layer may not be able to follow the expansion / contraction. In such a case, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is restricted from expanding and contracting in the vicinity of the end portion of the adhesive support layer, and may cause stress concentration and breakage. Therefore, in the membrane-electrode structure of the present invention, the adhesive has a tensile elongation at break of 150% or more after curing.
- the adhesive support layer constituted by such an adhesive, since the adhesive support layer has a tensile elongation at break of 150% or more after curing, it follows the expansion and contraction of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane in the high temperature and high humidity environment. The stress concentration of the polymer electrolyte membrane at the edge can be reduced to prevent breakage.
- the adhesive include an adhesive containing a polysiloxane compound and a molecule having at least two alkenyl groups. The adhesive is cured by the crosslinking of the alkenyl group with the polysiloxane compound.
- alkenyl group examples include a monovalent unsaturated aliphatic group such as a vinyl group, an aryl group and a butenyl group.
- the polysiloxane compound and the molecule having an alkenyl group may be independent molecules from each other, and are a polysiloxane compound having the alkenyl group in the same molecule; a compound cured by an intramolecular crosslinking reaction It may be.
- the membrane-electrode structure of the present invention is characterized by comprising a diffusion layer covering the catalyst layer and the adhesive support layer.
- the diffusion layer covers the catalyst layer and the adhesive support layer to reinforce the catalyst layer and the adhesive support layer, and extends outward from an outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane can be more strongly protected.
- the diffusion layer is porous to guide the supplied gas to the catalyst layer.
- a fuel cell is formed by laminating a plurality of membrane-electrode structures with each other in the membrane-electrode structure having the porous diffusion layer, when an excessive surface pressure is applied in the laminating direction.
- the diffusion layer may be plastically deformed or damaged.
- the diffusion layer is made of a porous material
- the adhesive support layer is formed of an adhesive-penetrated layer in which the adhesive penetrates the diffusion layer. It is characterized by being integrated.
- the adhesive support layer provided on at least one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane covers the adhesive support layer via the adhesive permeable layer. It is integrated with the diffusion layer. Therefore, the strength of the diffusion layer is improved, and a fuel cell is constructed by laminating a plurality of the membrane-electrode structures mutually. When formed, plastic deformation and damage of the diffusion layer can be prevented.
- the adhesive permeable layer is a region where the porous diffusion layer covers the adhesive support layer, and the filling rate of the diffusion layer with respect to the pores is 30 to 50%. It is preferable that the adhesive is formed so as to penetrate the diffusion layer within a range of 100%.
- the filling rate of the adhesive into the voids is less than 30%, the adhesive-penetrable layer cannot impart sufficient strength to the diffusion layer, and causes plastic deformation and damage of the diffusion layer. It cannot be prevented.
- the filling rate of the adhesive in the voids is 100%, the adhesive is filled in all the voids in the region, and thus the adhesive exceeds 100%. It is meaningless to specify the filling rate to be obtained.
- the adhesive support layer can be formed, for example, by screen-printing the adhesive on the diffusion layer.
- the filling rate of the adhesive with respect to the holes of the diffusion layer changes the condition of the screen printing. Can be adjusted. Conditions that can be changed in the screen printing include the material of the screen, the wire diameter of the mesh, the aperture, and the angle of the squeegee, the hardness, the printing pressure, the scanning speed, and the like.
- the outer peripheral edges of the pair of catalyst layers are located so as to coincide with each other across the solid polymer electrolyte membrane.
- the stress caused by the catalyst layer is concentrated at the same position on both the front and back surfaces.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is more likely to be damaged at a portion sandwiched between the outer peripheral edges of the pair of catalyst layers.
- the outer peripheral edge of the one catalyst layer is located at a part different from the outer peripheral edge of the other catalyst layer with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane interposed therebetween. It is characterized by having.
- the outer peripheral edge of the one catalyst layer is located on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral edge of the other catalyst layer with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane interposed therebetween.
- a polymer electrolyte fuel cell according to the present invention includes the membrane-electrode structure, and an electric device or a transport device according to the present invention includes the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
- the electric device include a personal computer and a mobile phone.
- the solid polymer fuel cell of the present invention can be used as a power source, a backup power source, and the like for the electric device.
- examples of the transportation equipment include a ship such as an automobile and a submarine, and the polymer electrolyte fuel cell of the present invention can be used as power for the transportation equipment.
- the membrane-one-electrode structure of the present invention comprises: a pair of electrodes having a catalyst layer; and a solid polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the catalyst layers of both electrodes, wherein the catalyst layer is formed of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane.
- At least one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is covered by the catalyst layer and the adhesive support layer, and the adhesive support layer is A method for producing a membrane-electrode structure, which is provided over the entire outer periphery of the catalyst layer and is adhered to and supported by the solid polymer electrolyte membrane, comprising the steps of: forming a solid polymer electrolyte membrane from a polymer electrolyte solution; Forming, and forming irregularities having a maximum surface roughness Rmax in a range of 3 to 20 m on a portion of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane covered by the adhesive support layer.
- An adhesive having a fluorine atom in a molecular structure is applied on a sheet-like support and dried.
- Manufacturing method comprising the steps of bonding It can be advantageously produced by the method.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane has irregularities in which the maximum height R max of surface roughness is in the range of 3 to 20 in advance in the portion covered with the adhesive support layer.
- the adhesive support layer is bonded to a portion of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane where the irregularities are formed by pressing under heat.
- the adhesive support layer can obtain a strong adhesive force with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane having the irregularities, and can be exposed to a high temperature and high humidity environment during operation of the fuel cell. It does not peel off even if it is done. Therefore, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane extending outward from the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer is protected by the adhesive support layer, and breakage thereof can be prevented.
- the irregularities are minute irregularities generally called “spots (wrinkles).
- the irregularities can be formed by pressing a mold having the same surface roughness as the irregularities onto the solid polymer film. it can.
- the unevenness does not provide the effect of strengthening the adhesive force between the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the adhesive support layer.
- the R max exceeds 20 m, sufficient adhesion between the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the adhesive support layer cannot be obtained, and the adhesive strength is rather reduced.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing one configuration example of the membrane-electrode structure of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the membrane-electrode structure of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing one configuration example of the membrane-electrode structure of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view showing another configuration example of the membrane-electrode structure of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing the structure of a membrane-electrode structure used for measurement of the adhesive strength of the adhesive support layer and a test for examining the stress concentration near the edge of the adhesive support layer.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory sectional view showing the structure of a membrane-electrode structure used for measuring the pressure resistance of a porous diffusion layer.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the amount of plastic deformation with respect to load as an index of the pressure resistance of a porous diffusion layer.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing one configuration example of a conventional membrane-electrode structure.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing another example of the structure of the conventional membrane-electrode structure.
- the membrane-electrode assembly 1 a of the present embodiment includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2, a pair of catalyst layers 3 and 4 sandwiching the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2, and both catalyst layers. It has a pair of porous diffusion layers 5 and 6 laminated on 3 and 4, respectively.
- the electrode 7 is formed by the catalyst layer 3 and the porous diffusion layer 5
- the electrode 8 is formed by the catalyst layer 4 and the porous diffusion layer 6.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is formed larger than the catalyst layers 3 and 4, and the catalyst layers 3 and 4 are laminated so as to be located on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral edge of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2. Have been.
- One surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is covered with a catalyst layer 4 and an adhesive support layer 9 adhered to the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 and supporting the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2.
- the adhesive support layer 9 is provided over the entire outer periphery of the catalyst layer 4, and The adhesive support layer 9 is covered with the porous diffusion layer 6. Further, the other surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is exposed at a portion that extends outward from the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 3 and extends.
- the catalyst layer 3 is formed larger than the catalyst layer 4, and the outer periphery of the catalyst layer 4 is larger than the outer periphery of the catalyst layer 3 with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 interposed therebetween. It is located on the inner circumference side.
- the catalyst layer 4 is formed to be larger than the catalyst layer 3, and the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 3 sandwiches the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2, The catalyst layer 4 may be located on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral edge.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is made of a polymer electrolyte such as a perfluoroalkylenesulfonic acid high molecular compound (for example, Naphion (trade name) manufactured by DuPont), a sulfonated polyarylene compound, or the like. It has a dry film thickness of m.
- a polymer electrolyte such as a perfluoroalkylenesulfonic acid high molecular compound (for example, Naphion (trade name) manufactured by DuPont), a sulfonated polyarylene compound, or the like. It has a dry film thickness of m.
- the catalyst layers 3 and 4 are composed of catalyst particles and an ion-conductive binder.
- the porous diffusion layers 5 and 6 are composed of carbon paper and a base layer (not shown) formed on the carbon paper.
- the underlayer is, for example, a 4: 6 (weight ratio) mixture of carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene particles, and catalyst layers 3 and 4 are formed on the underlayer.
- the adhesive support layer 9 is made of an adhesive having a fluorine atom in a molecular structure.
- the adhesive preferably includes a polysiloxane compound and a molecule having at least two alkenyl groups, and is preferably cured by crosslinking the alkenyl group with the polysiloxane compound. It is preferable that the adhesive has a tensile elongation at break of 150% or more after curing.
- an adhesive for example, a polymer represented by the following formula (1) (viscosity 4.4 Pa ⁇ s, average molecular weight 16500, vinyl group content 0.012 mol Z lOO g) 100 parts by weight, organohydrogenpolysiloxane (manufactured by Kaneka Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: CR—100) 4 parts by weight, plasticizer (made by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd., trade name: P AO—500 10) 8 parts by weight, fumed silica (manufactured by Nippon Silica Industry Co., Ltd.) 12 parts by weight, organosilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: KB M—303) 3 parts by weight Is stirred and defoamed, and as a reaction catalyst, bis (1,3-divinyl-1.1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane) platinum catalyst is added to a polymer of platinum
- a dimethylvinylsiloxy group-blocked methyl (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) polysiloxane (viscosity: 1.0 Pa ⁇ s, silicon atom-bonded vinyl group content: 1) 1.0% by weight) 100 parts by weight, dimethylhydrogen cysteine (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) polysiloxane (viscosity: 0.01 Pa) ⁇ S, silicon atom-bonded Bier group content: 0.5% by weight) 3.5 parts by weight and 0.01 part by weight of Hua-Cen Sen were stirred and defoamed.
- platinum catalyst is used as the reaction catalyst, and platinum is methyl (3,3,3- (Trifluoropropyl) Polysiloxane added at a weight ratio of 5 ppm to the polysiloxane.
- the membrane-electrode structures la and lb are manufactured as follows.
- a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is formed by a casting method from an organic solvent solution of a perfluoroalkylenesulfonic acid polymer compound (for example, Naphion (trade name) manufactured by DuPont), a sulfonated polyarylene compound, or the like.
- a perfluoroalkylenesulfonic acid polymer compound for example, Naphion (trade name) manufactured by DuPont
- a sulfonated polyarylene compound or the like.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 has a dry film thickness of, for example, 50 ⁇ Next, the outer periphery of the region where the catalyst layer 4 is formed on the side of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 where the catalyst layer 4 is formed
- a mold having a maximum surface roughness R max in the range of 5 to 5 O ⁇ rn is pressed in a region where the adhesive support layer 9 is formed over the entire periphery on the side under heating.
- the surface shape of the die is transferred, and the maximum height Rmax of the surface roughness is in the range of 3 to 20 m in the region where the adhesive support layer 9 of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is formed. Certain irregularities are formed.
- a catalyst paste is prepared by uniformly dispersing the catalyst particles, in which platinum particles are supported on a force pump rack, in an ion-conductive binder made of the polymer electrolyte solution.
- porous diffusion layers 5 and 6 composed of the carbon paper and the underlayer.
- the porous diffusion layer 5 has a size that fits inside the outer periphery ⁇ of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2, and the porous diffusion layer 6 has the same size as the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2. I do.
- the catalyst base is applied over the entire surface of the underlayer of the porous diffusion layer 5 and dried to form the catalyst layer 3.
- an adhesive is applied to the porous diffusion layer 6 over the entire outer periphery of the catalyst layer 4 to form an adhesive support layer 9.
- the catalyst paste is applied and dried to form the catalyst layer 4 ⁇ At this time, in the membrane-electrode structure 1 a, the catalyst layer 4 is The size should fit on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral edge.
- the catalyst layer 3 has such a size that it can be accommodated on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 4.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is formed on the porous diffusion layer 5 on which the catalyst layer 3 is formed, and the catalyst layer 4 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the catalyst layer 4 over the entire circumference.
- the porous diffusion layer 6 on which is formed is laminated on the polymer electrolyte membrane 2 on the side provided with the catalyst layers 3 and 4, respectively, and pressed under heating. As a result, the catalyst layers 3 and 4 are joined and integrated with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2, and the membrane-electrode structures la and lb can be obtained.
- the membrane-electrode structure 1c of the present embodiment has a structure in which the adhesive constituting the adhesive support layer 9 is porous in a region where the porous diffusion layer 6 covers the adhesive support layer 9. It has exactly the same configuration as the membrane-electrode structure 1a shown in FIG. 1 except that the adhesive layer 10 is formed by penetrating into the material diffusion layer 6.
- the adhesive has permeated the porous diffusion layer 6 so that the filling rate of the porous diffusion layer 6 with respect to the voids is 30 to 100%.
- the adhesive support layer 9 and the porous diffusion layer 6 are integrated via the adhesive permeable layer 10.
- the catalyst layer 3 is larger than the catalyst layer 4.
- the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 4 is located on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 3 with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 interposed therebetween.
- the catalyst layer 4 is formed larger than the catalyst layer 3, and the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 3 sandwiches the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2,
- the outer periphery of the catalyst layer 4 may also be located on the inner periphery.
- the adhesive for example, a polymer represented by the following formula (1) (viscosity 4.4 Pa ⁇ s, average molecular weight 16500, vinyl group content 0.012 mol / 1 100 g) 100 parts by weight, organohide mouth diene polysiloxane (manufactured by Kaneguchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name: CR—100) 5 parts by weight.
- a polymer represented by the following formula (1) viscosity 4.4 Pa ⁇ s, average molecular weight 16500, vinyl group content 0.012 mol / 1 100 g
- organohide mouth diene polysiloxane manufactured by Kaneguchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name: CR—100
- Plasticizer made by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd., trade name: P AO—501 0
- fumed silica Nippon Silica Industry Co., Ltd.
- organosilane Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: KBM—303
- platinum is represented by the following formula (1) the number of moles of polymer one vinyl group amount 5 X 1 0 can be mentioned those added to a one 4 equivalents .
- a dimethylbielschi-hydroxy group at both ends of a molecular chain a blocked methyl (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) polysiloxane (viscosity of 1.0 Pa ⁇ s, containing a silicon atom-bonded vinyl group) 100 parts by weight) 100 parts by weight, dimethylhydrogenesis at both ends of molecular chain Hydrogen shiroshiki (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) polysiloxane (viscosity 0.01 Pas, content of silicon atom-bonded vinyl group 0.5% by weight) 3.5 parts by weight, Hue A mixture of 0.01 parts by weight of mouth mouth and degassed was charged with a bis (1,3-divinyl-1,13-tetramethyldisiloxane) platinum catalyst as a reaction catalyst, and platinum was dimethyl at both ends of the molecular chain. Vinyl siloxy group-blocked methyl (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) polysiloxane added at
- the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 4 and the inner peripheral edge of the adhesive support layer 9 are formed in close contact, but the adhesive support layer 9 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the catalyst layer 4 over the entire circumference.
- a gap may be provided between the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 4 and the inner peripheral edge of the adhesive support layer 9.
- the porous diffusion layer 5 of the same size is laminated on the catalyst layer 3 on the surface opposite to the surface on which the adhesive support layer 9 is provided.
- the polymer diffusion layer 5 is larger than the catalyst layer 3 and may have, for example, the same size as the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2.
- the adhesive support layer 9 may be formed over the entire circumference, and may be covered with the catalyst layer 3 and the adhesive support layer 9. In this case, the adhesive support layer 9 only needs to cover at least a part of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 extending outward from the outer periphery ⁇ of the catalyst layer 3, and does not need to cover the whole.
- a reducing gas such as hydrogen or methanol is introduced into the catalyst layer 3 through the porous diffusion layer 5 using the electrode 7 as a fuel electrode (anode).
- the electrode 8 is used as an oxygen electrode (force An oxidizing gas such as air or oxygen is introduced into the catalyst layer 4 via the diffusion layer 6.
- An oxidizing gas such as air or oxygen is introduced into the catalyst layer 4 via the diffusion layer 6.
- the protons react with the oxidizing gas and the electrons introduced into the catalyst layer 4 by the action of the catalyst contained in the catalyst layer 4 to generate water. Therefore, by connecting the fuel electrode and the oxygen electrode via a conducting wire, a circuit for sending the electrons generated at the fuel electrode to the oxygen electrode is formed, and a current can be taken out.
- 1 d can be used as a fuel cell.
- a polymer represented by the following formula (1) (viscosity 4.4 Pa ⁇ s, average molecular weight 16500, vinyl group content 0.012 mol 100 g) 10 0 parts by weight, organohydrodiene polysiloxane (manufactured by Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name: CR—100) 4 parts by weight, plasticizer (made by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd., trade name: PAO—50 10) 8 parts by weight, fumed silica (Nippon Silica Industry Co., Ltd.) 1 2 parts by weight, organosilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: KBM-303) 3 parts by weight are stirred and defoamed.
- formula (1) viscosity 4.4 Pa ⁇ s, average molecular weight 16500, vinyl group content 0.012 mol 100 g) 10 0 parts by weight, organohydrodiene polysiloxane (manufactured by Kan
- the adhesive was measured for tensile elongation at break after curing in accordance with JIS K6301, and was found to be 210%.
- n: m 0.5 to: L00: 99.5 to 0, and 1 is an integer of 1 or more.
- sulfonated polyarylene compound means a sulfonated polymer having a structure represented by the following formula.
- An electron-withdrawing group, 1T-1 is a divalent organic group, and Ri ⁇ R 8 is
- the divalent electron-withdrawing group includes —CO—, one C ONH—, one (CF 2 ) p — (p is 1 to an integer of L 0), —C (CF 3 ) 2 —, —COO—, —SO—, —SO 2 — and the like.
- the polyarylene compound represented by the formula (2) was prepared as follows.
- the polymerization solution was diluted with tetrahydrofuran, and coagulated and recovered with methanolic hydrochloric acid Z.
- the collected product was repeatedly washed with methanol and dissolved in tetrahydrofuran. This was purified by reprecipitation with methanol, and the polymer collected by filtration was vacuum dried to obtain a polyarylen compound represented by the formula (2) (yield: 96%).
- sulfonation of the polyarylene compound represented by the following formula (2) was performed by adding 96% sulfuric acid to the polyarylene compound and stirring for 24 hours under a nitrogen stream.
- the resulting solution is poured into a large amount of ion-exchanged water to precipitate the polymer, and the polymer is washed repeatedly until the pH of the washing water reaches 5, then dried, and the ion-exchange capacity is 2.Ome
- a sulfonated polyarylene compound of ciZg was obtained (96% yield).
- the sulfonated polyarylene compound is dissolved in N-methylpiperidone to prepare a polymer electrolyte solution, and a film is formed from the polymer electrolyte solution by a casting method and dried in an oven.
- a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 having a dry film thickness of 50 m was prepared.
- catalyst particles are added to Riki Bon Black (furnace black).
- the porous diffusion layer 5 had a size that could fit on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral edge of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2, and the porous diffusion layer 6 had the same size as the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2.
- the catalyst paste was applied by screen printing over the entire surface of the underlayer of the porous diffusion layer 5 so that the platinum amount was 0.5 mgZcm 2, and heated at 60 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the catalyst layer 3 was formed by heating under reduced pressure at 120 ° C. for 15 minutes and drying.
- the adhesive was applied by screen printing to form an adhesive support layer 9, and then, on the inner peripheral side of the adhesive support layer 9 formed on the porous diffusion layer 6, by screen printing.
- the amount of platinum catalyst paste was coated to a 0. 5 mg // cm 2, was heated for 10 minutes at 60 ° C, and heated for 15 minutes at 1 2 0 ° C under reduced pressure, and dried Thus, a catalyst layer 4 was formed.
- the catalyst layer 4 was sized to fit inside the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 3.
- the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is sandwiched between the catalyst layers 3 and 4, and integrated by performing hot pressing at 150 MPa at 25 MPa for 15 minutes. 1a manufactured.
- the membrane shown in FIG. 5 was used to measure the adhesive strength of the adhesive support layer 9 and to examine the stress concentration of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 near the end of the adhesive support layer 9.
- the electrode structure 11a was manufactured.
- the membrane-electrode structure 11a has exactly the same configuration as the membrane-electrode structure 1a except for the following points.
- the catalyst layers 3 and 4 have the same size and are stacked so that the outer peripheral edges of the catalyst layers 3 and 4 coincide with each other with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 interposed therebetween.
- a gap 9 a is provided between the outer peripheral edge of the catalyst layer 4 and the inner peripheral edge of the adhesive support layer 9. .
- a test piece was prepared by cutting a 1 cm wide strip along the cross-sectional direction of FIG.
- test piece was sandwiched between polytetrafluoroethylene puncher sheets, and a load of surface pressure of 490 kPa was applied. Then, a process of immersing in water at 95 ° C. for 5 hours and drying at 100 ° C. for 5 hours as one cycle was repeated.
- the above-described processing is performed in cycles of 100 cycles, 50 cycles, 100 cycles, and 200 cycles. After the cycle, the peel strength after each cycle was determined in exactly the same manner as the initial strength. Table 1 shows the results.
- an adhesive was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of fumed silica was changed to 20 parts by weight.
- the adhesive was measured for tensile elongation at break after curing in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 to find that it was 150%.
- Example 1 the membrane-electrode structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 was exactly the same as in Example 1 except that the adhesive prepared in this example was used instead of the adhesive used in Example 1. a and the membrane-electrode structure 11 a shown in FIG. 5 were manufactured, and the stress concentration of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 was examined in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the results.
- methyl (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) polysiloxane (having a viscosity of 1.0 Pa ⁇ s, a silicon atom-bonded vinyl group content of 1 0.0% by weight) 100 parts by weight.
- a reaction catalyst bis (1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane) platinum catalyst in xylene solution (8.3 X 10—5 mol / l) is used.
- An adhesive was prepared by adding the dimethylvinylsiloxy group-blocked methyl (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl) polysiloxane in a weight ratio of 5 ppm.
- the tensile elongation at break after curing of the adhesive was measured in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, and found to be 250%.
- the membrane-electrode assembly 1 shown in FIG. 1 was exactly the same as in Example 1 except that the adhesive prepared in this example was used instead of the adhesive used in Example 1. a and the membrane-electrode structure 11 a shown in FIG. 5 were manufactured, and the peel strength of the adhesive support layer 9 was determined in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. ( The stress concentration of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 was examined in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 1 Example 1 was repeated except that the polymer represented by the formula (1) was replaced by an isobutylene resin containing no fluorine atom in the molecule (manufactured by Kaneka Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name: Epion).
- An adhesive was prepared in exactly the same manner as described above.
- a membrane-electrode assembly 1 shown in FIG. 1 was used in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the adhesive prepared in this comparative example was used instead of the adhesive used in Example 1.
- a and the membrane-electrode structure 11 a shown in FIG. 5 were manufactured, and the peel strength of the adhesive support layer 9 was determined in exactly the same manner as in Example 1.
- the results are shown in Table 1, [Comparative Example 2].
- Example 1 a silicone-based adhesive containing no fluorine atom in the molecule (manufactured by Sriichi Pond Co., Ltd., trade name: 1209) was used in place of the adhesive used in Example 1. Is the same as the membrane shown in FIG. The electrode structure 1a and the membrane-electrode structure 11a shown in FIG. 5 were manufactured, and the peel strength of the adhesive support layer 9 was determined in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. Table 1 shows the results.
- a silicone-based adhesive containing no fluorine atom in the molecule (manufactured by Three Bond Co., Ltd., trade name: 1 2 1 1) was used in place of the adhesive used in Example 1.
- the membrane-electrode structure 1a shown in FIG. 1 and the membrane-electrode structure 11a shown in FIG. 5 were produced exactly as in Example 1, and the adhesive support layer was produced exactly as in Example 1.
- the peel strength of No. 9 was determined. Table 1 shows the results.
- an adhesive was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of fumed silica was changed to 30 parts by weight.
- the tensile elongation at break after curing was measured in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 and found to be 120%.
- Example 1 the membrane-electrode structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 was exactly the same as in Example 1 except that the adhesive prepared in this comparative example was used instead of the adhesive used in Example 1. a and the membrane-electrode structure 11 a shown in FIG. 5 were manufactured, and the stress concentration of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 was examined in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the results.
- an adhesive was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of fumed silica was changed to 40 parts by weight.
- the tensile elongation at break after curing was measured in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 and found to be 90%.
- Example 2 shows the results.
- a solid film having a dry film thickness of 50 m was obtained by drying a film formed by casting from the same polymer electrolyte solution as in Example 1 at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 2 hours.
- Polymer electrolyte membrane 2 was prepared. The obtained solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 was immersed in distilled water for 24 hours to remove impurities, and then dried.
- Example 2 instead of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 used in Example 1, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 prepared in this example was used, and the adhesive support layer 9 of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 was formed. In the region shown in FIG. 1, all the steps were the same as those in Example 1 except that irregularities (not shown) having a maximum surface roughness Rmax in the range of 3 to 2 Oim were formed in the region.
- the electrode structure 1a and the membrane-electrode structure 11a shown in FIG. 5 were produced.
- the formation of the irregularities is performed in a region of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 where the catalyst layer 4 is formed and in a region where the adhesive support layer 9 is formed over the entire outer periphery of the region where the catalyst layer 4 is formed. This was performed by pressing a mold provided with “Sipo” having a maximum surface roughness Rmax in a range of 5 to 50 at 40 ° C. and 10 MPa for 10 minutes. As a result, the shape of the die is transferred to the area where the adhesive support layer 9 of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is formed. Irregularities were formed.
- the peel strength (initial strength) of the adhesive support layer 9 of the membrane-electrode structure 11a obtained in this example was determined in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, and the result was 208 gf. / cm. Therefore, according to the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, the adhesiveness having a more excellent adhesive strength than the adhesive support layer 9 of the membrane-electrode structures 1 a, 11 a obtained in Examples 1 and 3 is obtained. It is clear that the support layer 9 is obtained.
- an adhesive was prepared in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the organohydridoenepolysiloxane was changed to 5 parts by weight.
- the catalyst paste is dried by heating at 12 Ot for 30 minutes under reduced pressure, and the porous diffusion layer 6 is adhered when the adhesive support layer 9 is formed.
- the membrane-electrode structure 1 shown in FIG. 3 was exactly the same as in Example 1 except that the adhesive was infiltrated into the area covered with the porous support layer 9 and the adhesive-penetrated layer 10 was formed. c was manufactured.
- the bonding was performed by a screen printing machine (trade name: MT-7500T, manufactured by Mikeguchi Tech Co., Ltd.) over the entire outer periphery of the porous diffusion layer 6 on the outer peripheral side of the catalyst layer 4.
- the adhesive was applied to form an adhesive support layer 9.
- a screen made of stainless steel (SUS304) having a wire diameter of 30 tm and a mesh size of 250 mesh / inch was used, and the porous diffusion layer 6 covered the adhesive support layer 9.
- the adhesive was infiltrated into the region to be filled so that the filling rate of the porous diffusion layer 6 with respect to the pores was 40%, thereby forming an adhesive-penetrated layer 10.
- the membrane-electrode structure 11b shown in FIG. 6 was manufactured.
- the membrane-electrode structure 11b has exactly the same configuration as the membrane-electrode structure 1c, except for the following.
- the catalyst layers 3 and 4 have the same size and are stacked so that the outer peripheral edges of the catalyst layers 3 and 4 coincide with each other with the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 2 interposed therebetween.
- Example 5 the same screen printing machine as that used in Example 5 was used, and a porous diffusion layer 6 was formed using a polyester screen having a wire diameter of 45 m and a mesh size of 150 mesh / inch. Except for forming the adhesive-penetrated layer 10 by infiltrating the adhesive so that the filling rate of the porous diffusion layer 6 with respect to the voids becomes 60% in the area covered with the adhesive support layer 9.
- the membrane-electrode structure 1c shown in FIG. 3 and the membrane-electrode structure 11b shown in FIG. 6 were manufactured in exactly the same manner as in Example 5.
- the pressure resistance of the diffusion layer 6 was examined.
- Fig. 7 shows the results.
- Example 5 the same screen printing machine as that used in Example 5 was used, and a porous diffusion layer 6 was formed using a polyester screen having a wire diameter of 55 m and an opening of 100 mesh Z inches. Except for forming the adhesive-penetrated layer 10 by infiltrating the adhesive so that the filling rate of the porous diffusion layer 6 with respect to the voids becomes 70% in the area covered with the adhesive support layer 9.
- the membrane-electrode structure 1 c shown in FIG. 3 and the membrane-electrode structure 11 b shown in FIG. 6 were manufactured exactly as in Example 5, and the porous diffusion layer 6 was manufactured exactly as in Example 5.
- Fig. 7 shows the results.
- the present invention can be used as a membrane-electrode structure of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell used for electric equipment and transportation equipment, particularly, a solid polymer fuel cell mounted on a vehicle.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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US10/505,442 US20050181267A1 (en) | 2002-10-29 | 2003-10-28 | Membrane-electrode structure and method for producing the same |
EP03758994A EP1569291B1 (en) | 2002-10-29 | 2003-10-28 | Membrane-electrode structure and method for producing same |
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JP2002-313741 | 2002-10-29 | ||
JP2002313741 | 2002-10-29 | ||
JP2002-313740 | 2002-10-29 | ||
JP2002313740 | 2002-10-29 | ||
JP2002364579 | 2002-12-17 | ||
JP2002-364579 | 2002-12-17 | ||
JP2003-360614 | 2003-10-21 | ||
JP2003360614A JP4421261B2 (ja) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-10-21 | 膜−電極構造体の製造方法 |
JP2003-360241 | 2003-10-21 | ||
JP2003360242A JP4426248B2 (ja) | 2002-10-29 | 2003-10-21 | 膜−電極構造体 |
JP2003-360242 | 2003-10-21 | ||
JP2003360241A JP4421260B2 (ja) | 2002-10-29 | 2003-10-21 | 膜−電極構造体の製造方法 |
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WO2004040681A1 true WO2004040681A1 (ja) | 2004-05-13 |
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PCT/JP2003/013777 WO2004040681A1 (ja) | 2002-10-29 | 2003-10-28 | 膜一電極構造体及びその製造方法 |
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US (1) | US20050181267A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1569291B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004040681A1 (ja) |
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GB2404491A (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-02-02 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Flat fuel cell assembly and fabrication thereof |
WO2006041564A2 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-20 | General Motors Corporation | Manufacture of unitized electrode assembly for pem fuel cells |
WO2006130878A2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-07 | Polyfuel Inc. | Polymer electrolyte membrane having improved dimensional stability |
EP1619739A3 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2007-02-28 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Membrane-electrode structure for solid polymer fuel cell and solid polymer fuel cell |
EP1921701B1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2016-10-12 | Nissan Motor Company Limited | Electrolyte membrane-electrode assembly and method for producing same |
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JP5615875B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-16 | 2014-10-29 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池用樹脂枠付き電解質膜・電極構造体 |
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JP6344229B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-17 | 2018-06-20 | 株式会社デンソー | ガスセンサ及びその製造方法 |
JP2019521483A (ja) * | 2016-06-15 | 2019-07-25 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 膜電極接合体構成要素及びアセンブリ製造方法 |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB2404491A (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-02-02 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Flat fuel cell assembly and fabrication thereof |
GB2404491B (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-10-19 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Flat fuel cell assembly and fabrication thereof |
EP1619739A3 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2007-02-28 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Membrane-electrode structure for solid polymer fuel cell and solid polymer fuel cell |
WO2006041564A2 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-20 | General Motors Corporation | Manufacture of unitized electrode assembly for pem fuel cells |
WO2006041564A3 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2007-04-19 | Gen Motors Corp | Manufacture of unitized electrode assembly for pem fuel cells |
US7569082B2 (en) | 2004-10-07 | 2009-08-04 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Manufacture of unitized electrode assembly for PEM fuel cells |
CN101103476B (zh) * | 2004-10-07 | 2010-12-08 | 通用汽车公司 | 用于质子交换膜燃料电池的组合电极组件的制造 |
WO2006130878A2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-07 | Polyfuel Inc. | Polymer electrolyte membrane having improved dimensional stability |
WO2006130878A3 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2007-11-08 | Polyfuel Inc | Polymer electrolyte membrane having improved dimensional stability |
EP1921701B1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2016-10-12 | Nissan Motor Company Limited | Electrolyte membrane-electrode assembly and method for producing same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1569291A4 (en) | 2008-01-02 |
US20050181267A1 (en) | 2005-08-18 |
EP1569291B1 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
EP1569291A1 (en) | 2005-08-31 |
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