WO2004010618A1 - 電界通信システムおよび電界通信装置、および電極配置方法 - Google Patents
電界通信システムおよび電界通信装置、および電極配置方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004010618A1 WO2004010618A1 PCT/JP2003/009081 JP0309081W WO2004010618A1 WO 2004010618 A1 WO2004010618 A1 WO 2004010618A1 JP 0309081 W JP0309081 W JP 0309081W WO 2004010618 A1 WO2004010618 A1 WO 2004010618A1
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- electrode
- receiving
- electric field
- main electrode
- transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technology for performing communication using a change in an electric field.
- PAN uses Earth Ground as a return transmission line. For this reason, it is necessary that electrostatic coupling is established between the transmitting device and the receiving device via the earth ground. Therefore, if the transmitting device or receiving device is installed at a position distant from the ground, the electrostatic coupling will be weakened, and stable communication will not be possible. As a result, PAN-based electric field communication devices have extremely short communicable distances! It became a thing.
- JP-A-5 Japanese Patent Publication No. 5
- FIGS. 23 to 26 are diagrams conceptually showing the communication principle of the electric field communication device using the electrostatic coupling via the atmosphere as the return transmission path.
- the signal is modulated based on the transmission data when the transmitting device operates. Is output as a time-varying voltage between the electrode ERBT and the electrode ERGT. Then, a potential difference occurs between the electrode ERBT and the electrode ERGT, and an electric field is generated.
- a dielectric such as a human body easily transmits an electric field as compared with the atmosphere. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 24, when the electrode ERBT is brought into contact with a dielectric such as a human body, the electric field can reach farther. Further, as shown in FIG. 25, when the receiving device is installed in the electric field generated by the transmitting device, a potential difference occurs between the electrodes ERBR and ERGR of the receiving device.
- the receiving device detects this and demodulates it to obtain the transmitted data.
- the electrostatic transmission established between the electrode ERGT of the transmitting device and the ERGR of the receiving device via the atmosphere is used as the feedback transmission line.
- a dielectric may be used as the feedback transmission path. In this case, the communicable distance of the electric field communication device is further extended.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-229357 discloses that, in order to solve the problem of earth ground, the return electrode of the transmitting device and the return electrode of the receiving device are directed to the atmosphere side, and the feedback by electrostatic coupling through the atmosphere is performed. The transmission path is secured. However, the distance between the transmitting device and the return electrode of the receiving device must not be too long for electrostatic coupling through the atmosphere. If the electric field communication is executed by the configuration described in the publication, communication between the devices becomes impossible if the space between the human head and the waist is widened.
- the return electrode is removed, and a housing made of a conductive material is used as an alternative to the return electrode.
- a high-sensitivity electric field sensor is used to detect an electric field.
- a sensor using an electro-optical element exhibiting the so-called Pockels effect is used.
- This electric field sensor can measure even small changes in the electric field compared to those using a transistor or FET (Field-Effect Transistor).
- FET Field-Effect Transistor
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric field communication device capable of securing a sufficiently long communication distance.
- the present invention provides a transmission-side main electrode, a transmission-side feedback electrode, and a signal generation unit that generates an electric signal, the transmission-side main electrode being disposed at a position that easily affects the dielectric.
- a transmitting device having a modulating section for changing a potential difference between a side main electrode and the transmitting side return electrode in accordance with the electric signal; and a receiving device arranged at a position susceptible to electric influence from the dielectric.
- a measuring device comprising: an electro-optic crystal exhibiting the Pockels effect; and, when light passes therethrough, according to an electrical state of a space in which the electro-optic crystal exists.
- Electro-optic crystal that gives a different change to the light
- a light-emitting unit that emits light incident on the electro-optic crystal; a light-receiving unit that receives light that has passed through the electro-optic crystal, and outputs an electric signal indicating a change in the light received in the electro-optic crystal.
- An electric field communication system characterized by having: With a powerful electric field communication system, it is possible to strengthen the electrostatic coupling between the transmitting device and the receiving device and to use a highly sensitive electro-optic crystal.
- the present invention provides a transmission-side main electrode, a transmission-side feedback electrode, and a signal generation unit that generates an electric signal, the transmission-side main electrode being disposed at a position that easily affects the dielectric.
- a transmitting device having a modulator that changes a potential difference between the transmitting-side feedback electrodes in accordance with the electric signal; a receiving-side main electrode disposed at a position that is easily affected by the dielectric substance; In order to establish an electrostatic coupling with the transmitting side return electrode, it is disposed as far away from the dielectric as possible and is installed toward the space around the dielectric.
- a receiving device including a receiving-side feedback electrode and a measuring unit that measures an electrical state generated between the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side returning electrode, wherein the measuring unit includes an electro-optic device that exhibits a Pockenores effect.
- a crystal wherein when light passes therethrough, an electro-optic crystal that gives the light a change according to the electrical state of the space in which the electro-optic crystal exists, and the electro-optic crystal is incident on the electro-optic crystal.
- An electric field comprising: a light emitting unit that emits light; and a light receiving unit that receives light that has passed through the electro-optic crystal, and outputs an electric signal indicating a change of the light received in the electro-optic crystal.
- a communication system is provided. With such an electric field communication system, it is possible to strengthen the electrostatic coupling between the transmission device and the reception device and to use a highly sensitive electro-optic crystal.
- the electric state is an electric field
- the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side return electrode are each provided with the electro-optic crystal in an electric field generated between the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side return electrode. It is arranged so that the body is located. By doing so, the electro-optic crystal can be placed under a sufficient electric field density.
- the electrostatic coupling is an electrostatic coupling between the transmission-side return electrode and the reception-side return electrode via the atmosphere.
- the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side feedback electrode are arranged at positions facing each other with at least a part of the electro-optic crystal body interposed therebetween. By doing so, the electric field passes through the electro-optic crystal sufficiently.
- the electro-optic crystal is columnar, and a surface of the receiving-side feedback electrode closest to the electro-optic crystal is substantially orthogonal to an optical path in the electro-optic crystal. It has a size and shape that fit within the cross section. By doing so, the electro-optic crystal responds efficiently to changes in the electric field.
- the measuring unit is connected to the receiving-side feedback electrode, is arranged at a position closer to the electro-optical crystal than the receiving-side feedback electrode, and is equipotential with the receiving-side feedback electrode. And a return electrode. By doing so, the electric field reaches the receiving feedback electrode more.
- the electro-optic crystal is columnar, and a surface of the return electrode closest to the electro-optic crystal is formed in the electro-optic crystal. It has a size and shape that fits within a cross section substantially orthogonal to the optical path. By doing so, the electric field affecting the electro-optic crystal reaches more of the receiving feedback electrode.
- the measuring unit is connected to the receiving-side main electrode, is arranged at a position closer to the electro-optic crystal body than the receiving-side main electrode, and is connected to the receiving-side main electrode. It has a reaching-side electrode that becomes a potential. In doing so, the electric field reaches the electro-optic crystal.
- the electro-optic crystal is columnar, and a surface of the arrival-side electrode closest to the electro-optic crystal is in a cross section substantially orthogonal to an optical path in the electro-optic crystal. It has a size and shape that fits in By doing so, it is possible to reach more electric fields to the electro-optic crystal.
- the dielectric is a human body. By doing so, it becomes possible to use the human body as a transmission medium.
- the transmitting device and the receiving device are mounted on a human body. This enables electric field communication using the human body as a transmission medium.
- the human body on which the transmitting device is mounted and the human body on which the receiving device is mounted are different human bodies. By doing so, electric field communication between humans becomes possible using multiple humans as transmission media.
- the transmitting device is mounted on a human body
- the receiving device is disposed on a body other than the human body on which the transmitting device is mounted
- the human body with the transmitting device mounted is the receiving device in the receiving device.
- the receiving device is mounted on a human body
- the transmitting device is disposed on a body other than the human body on which the transmitting device is mounted
- the human body with the receiving device mounted on the transmitting device is the transmitting device.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode is connected to a positive power supply, a negative power supply, or a part that exhibits a stable potential with low impedance. so By doing so, more stable communication can be performed.
- the reception-side return electrode is connected to a housing made of a conductive material that accommodates the reception-side return electrode. By doing so, more stable communication can be performed.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode is connected to a positive power supply, a negative power supply, or a portion that exhibits a stable potential with low impedance. By doing so, more stable communication can be performed.
- the transmission-side return electrode is connected to a housing made of a conductive material that accommodates the transmission-side return electrode. By doing so, more stable communication can be performed.
- the transmission-side return electrode is disposed on the dielectric side, and the transmission-side main electrode is disposed toward a space around the device. Also in this case, an electric field can be generated in the space around the device by the potential difference generated between the two electrodes.
- the receiving-side return electrode is provided on the dielectric side, and the receiving-side main electrode is provided facing a space around the device. Also in this case, the electric field generated between the two electrodes can be measured using the measurement unit.
- the light emitting unit is configured as a laser oscillator, and irradiates the electro-optic crystal with a laser beam. By doing so, the electric field can be captured by utilizing the characteristics of the electro-optical crystal.
- the light receiving section changes an output electric signal based on a change in a polarization state of light transmitted through the electro-optic crystal. By doing so, the electric signal can be changed due to the change in the electric field.
- the light receiving unit changes an output electric signal based on a change in intensity of light passing through the electro-optic crystal.
- the electric signal can be changed based on the change in the electric field.
- the transmission device and the reception device are provided with a communication interface for performing communication with a Tegawakai compliant with Ethernet (registered trademark). Further comprising
- an Ethernet network can be constructed with external devices. By doing so, communication can be performed with devices that cannot perform electric field communication.
- the modulation method of the modulation unit and the demodulation method of the demodulation unit are systems conforming to Ethernet (registered trademark). By doing so, the transmitting device or the receiving device can be recognized as an Ethernet device from another communication terminal.
- the transmitting device and the receiving device are configured as a transmitting and receiving device that is the same device. By doing so, bidirectional electric field communication can be performed between the transmitting device and the receiving device.
- the transmission-side main electrode and the reception-side main electrode are configured as the same electrode, and the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side return electrode are configured as the same electrode. You. By doing so, the equipment configuration can be simplified.
- the transmitter-side main electrode and the receiver-side main electrode are configured as the same electrode, or the transmitter-side return electrode and the receiver-side return electrode are the same electrode. It is constituted as. By doing so, it is possible to select a device configuration suitable for the intended use of the device.
- the modulation method of the modulation unit and the demodulation method of the demodulation unit include an AM (Amplitude Modulation) method, a PM (Phase Modulation: phase modulation) method, and an FM (Frequency Modulation) method.
- Frequency modulation Frequency modulation
- PCM Pulse Coded Modulation
- SS System
- CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
- UWB Ultra Wide Band
- An electric field communication device characterized by having: With such an electric field communication system, it is possible to strengthen the electrostatic coupling with the transmission device and to
- the present invention establishes an electrostatic coupling via the atmosphere between a receiving-side main electrode arranged at a position that is easily affected by the dielectric substance and a device that generates an electric field reaching the dielectric substance.
- a receiving-side feedback electrode disposed as far as possible from the dielectric to the space around the dielectric, and the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side by the electric field.
- An electro-optic crystal that changes the light according to the electrical state of the existing space; a light emitting unit that emits light incident on the electro-optic crystal; and a light that has passed through the electro-optic crystal.
- the change that light undergoes within the electro-optic crystal To provide a field communication equipment characterized by having a light receiving section for outputting to an electrical signal. With such an electric field communication system, it is possible to strengthen the electrostatic coupling with the transmission device and to use a highly sensitive electro-optic crystal.
- the electric state is an electric field
- the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side return electrode are each provided with the electro-optic crystal in an electric field generated between the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side return electrode. It is arranged so that the body is located. By doing so, the electro-optic crystal can be placed under a sufficient electric field density.
- the electrostatic coupling is an electrostatic coupling between the transmission-side return electrode and the reception-side return electrode via the atmosphere.
- the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side feedback electrode The pole is disposed at a position facing at least a part of the electro-optic crystal. By doing so, the electric field passes through the electro-optic crystal sufficiently.
- the electro-optic crystal is columnar, and a surface of the receiving-side feedback electrode closest to the electro-optic crystal is substantially orthogonal to an optical path in the electro-optic crystal. It has a size and shape that fits within the cross section. By doing so, the electro-optic crystal responds efficiently to changes in the electric field.
- the measuring unit is connected to the receiving-side feedback electrode, is arranged at a position closer to the electro-optical crystal than the receiving-side feedback electrode, and is equipotential with the receiving-side feedback electrode. And a return electrode. By doing so, the electric field reaches the receiving feedback electrode more.
- the electro-optic crystal is columnar, and a surface of the return electrode closest to the electro-optic crystal is in a cross section substantially orthogonal to an optical path in the electro-optic crystal. It has a size and shape that fits in By doing so, the electric field affecting the electro-optic crystal reaches more of the receiving feedback electrode.
- the measuring unit is connected to the receiving-side main electrode, is arranged at a position closer to the electro-optic crystal body than the receiving-side main electrode, and is connected to the receiving-side main electrode. It has a reaching-side electrode that becomes a potential. In doing so, the electric field reaches the electro-optic crystal.
- the electro-optic crystal is columnar, and a surface of the arrival-side electrode closest to the electro-optic crystal is in a cross section substantially orthogonal to an optical path in the electro-optic crystal. It has a size and shape that can fit in By doing so, the electric field can be reached so as to give more to the electro-optic crystal.
- the dielectric is a human body. By doing so, it becomes possible to use the human body as a transmission medium.
- the light emitting unit is configured as a laser oscillator, and irradiates the electro-optic crystal with a laser beam. By doing so, the electric field can be captured by utilizing the characteristics of the electro-optical crystal.
- the light receiving section changes an output electric signal based on a change in a polarization state of light transmitted through the electro-optic crystal. Do so thus, the electric signal can be changed based on the change in the electric field.
- the light receiving unit changes an output electric signal based on a change in intensity of light passing through the electro-optic crystal.
- the electric signal can be changed based on the change in the electric field.
- the electric field communication system and the electric field communication device according to the present invention improve the sensitivity for capturing the electric field change by arranging the sensor for capturing the electric field at a position where the electric field density is sufficiently high. .
- the electric field communication system and the electric field communication device of the present invention it is possible to excellently extend the communication distance between the devices.
- the present invention also includes a communication device, and a communication unit that communicates with the communication device, wherein the communication device includes: a transmission-side main electrode provided at a position where electrical influence is likely to be exerted on a dielectric; A side feedback electrode, and a modulating unit that changes a potential applied to the transmitting main electrode according to an electric signal corresponding to data to be transmitted, wherein an electric field corresponding to a change in the potential generated by the modulating unit is generated.
- the communication unit has a function of establishing electrostatic coupling between a receiving main electrode provided at a position susceptible to the dielectric and a transmitting feedback electrode.
- a measurement unit configured to measure an electric state generated between the reception-side feedback electrode and the reception-side main electrode by an electric field applied to the dielectric; Based on the measurement results, And a demodulation unit that demodulates the electric signal to obtain data transmitted by the communication device, wherein the reception-side feedback electrode is configured to control the dielectric substance during communication between the communication device and the communication unit.
- a demodulation unit that demodulates the electric signal to obtain data transmitted by the communication device, wherein the reception-side feedback electrode is configured to control the dielectric substance during communication between the communication device and the communication unit.
- the communication unit may include an insulator having a bottom surface, a side surface, and a top surface, and the measurement unit and the demodulation unit may be provided inside the insulator.
- the receiving-side main electrode of the communication unit is provided on an upper surface of the insulator, and the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit is provided on a side surface of the insulator. Good.
- the communication unit includes: a transmission-side main electrode provided at a position that easily gives an electrical influence to the dielectric; a transmission-side feedback electrode; A modulation unit that changes a potential applied to the transmission-side main electrode in accordance with an electrical signal corresponding to data to be transmitted, and applies an electric field to the dielectric according to a change in the potential generated by the modulation unit.
- the communication device comprises: a receiving-side main electrode provided at a position susceptible to electrical influence from the dielectric; and a receiving-side feedback for establishing electrostatic coupling between the transmitting-side feedback electrode.
- An electrode a measuring unit that measures an electrical state generated between the receiving-side main electrode due to an electric field applied to the dielectric, and acquiring the electric signal based on a measurement result by the measuring unit.
- a demodulation unit that demodulates the electric signal to obtain data transmitted by the communication unit, wherein the transmission-side feedback electrode can be contacted by the dielectric during communication between the communication device and the communication unit. Placed It may be.
- the transmission-side return electrode of the communication unit may be a steel frame constituting a room in which the communication unit is installed.
- the transmitting-side return electrode of the communication unit may be installed on a ceiling of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- the transmission-side return electrode of the communication unit may be installed in a long-pressed portion of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- the transmission-side return electrode of the communication unit may be installed in a wraparound portion of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- the transmission-side return electrode of the communication unit may be installed on a baseboard portion of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit which is separated from the transmitting-side return electrode of the communication unit, is installed in the same part as a part of the room where the transmitting-side return electrode of the communication unit is installed. It may be.
- the transmission-side main electrode and the reception-side main electrode of the communication device are combined, and the transmission-side main electrode of the communication unit is provided.
- the receiving-side main electrode are integrated, the transmitting-side return electrode and the receiving-side return electrode of the communication device are integrated, and the transmitting-side return electrode and the receiving-side feedback of the communication unit are integrated.
- the electrodes may be in the body.
- an electrode obtained by integrating the transmission-side return electrode and the reception-side return electrode may be installed on a ceiling of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- an electrode that integrates the transmission-side return electrode and the reception-side return electrode may be installed in a long-pressed portion of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- an electrode obtained by integrally integrating the transmission-side return electrode and the reception-side return electrode may be provided around a room where the communication unit is installed.
- an electrode obtained by integrating the transmission-side return electrode and the reception-side return electrode may be installed on a baseboard portion of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- the electrode formed by integrating the transmission-side return electrode and the reception-side return electrode may be a steel frame constituting a room in which the communication unit is installed.
- the communication unit includes an insulator having a bottom surface, a side surface, and a top surface, and the measuring unit, the demodulation unit, and the modulation unit are installed inside the insulator.
- the receiving-side main electrode of the communication unit may be provided on an upper surface of the insulator.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode of the communication unit may be provided on a side surface of the insulator.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode may be provided on a side surface orthogonal to a side surface on which the reception-side return electrode is provided.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side feedback electrode may be provided so as to be in contact with and surround the side surface of the insulator.
- the insulator may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the insulator has a tatami shape, and the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit is a side surface of the insulator, and is provided on an edge of the insulator. It may be installed in a corresponding part.
- the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit may be installed on a ceiling of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit may be installed in a long-pressed portion of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit may be installed in a wraparound portion of a room where the communication unit is installed. In a preferred aspect, the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit may be installed on a baseboard portion of a room where the communication unit is installed.
- the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit may be a steel frame constituting a room in which the communication unit is installed.
- the receiving-side return electrode may be arranged at a position where the receiving-side main electrode of the communication unit cannot touch during communication between the communication device and the communication unit.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode may be arranged at a position where the transmitting-side main electrode of the communication device cannot touch during communication between the communication device and the communication unit.
- the electrostatic coupling may be an electrostatic coupling via the atmosphere.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side feedback electrode may obtain a stable potential.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side feedback electrode are a positive power supply, a negative power supply, a part that obtains a stable potential with low impedance, a signal ground, a housing that constitutes the communication device, and a ground. May be connected to any of the grounds.
- the modulation section changes a potential difference between the transmission-side feedback electrode and the transmission-side main electrode, and modulates an electric field according to a potential difference between the transmission-side feedback electrode and the transmission-side main electrode with the dielectric. May be given to the body.
- the measuring unit is configured to detect an electric field applied to the dielectric. A potential difference between the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side feedback electrode may be measured.
- the measuring unit is an electro-optic crystal exhibiting the Pockels effect, and applies a change according to an electrical state in a space where the electro-optic crystal exists to light passing through the electro-optic crystal.
- An optical crystal, a light-emitting unit that emits light incident on the electro-optic crystal, and a light-receiving unit that receives light that has passed through the electro-optic crystal and outputs a signal indicating a change in the light received in the electro-optic crystal May be provided.
- the reception-side main electrode and the reception-side return electrode are arranged such that the electro-optic crystal is located in an electric field generated between the reception-side main electrode and the reception-side return electrode.
- the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side return electrode may be arranged at positions facing each other with at least a part of the electro-optic crystal interposed therebetween.
- the communication unit is connected to the receiving-side main electrode, a reaching-side electrode having the same potential as the receiving-side main electrode, and connected to the receiving-side feedback electrode, and the receiving-side feedback electrode.
- a feedback-side electrode having the same potential as the above, and the arrival-side electrode and the feedback-side electrode may be arranged at positions facing each other with the electro-optic crystal interposed therebetween.
- the communication device is configured such that the transmission-side main electrode is positioned near the reception-side main electrode, and the reception-side return electrode includes the transmission-side main electrode and the reception side.
- the present invention also includes a communication unit, and a communication device that communicates with the communication unit, wherein the communication unit includes a transmission-side main electrode provided at a position that easily affects the dielectric material.
- the communication unit includes a transmission-side main electrode provided at a position that easily affects the dielectric material.
- An electric field corresponding to a change in the potential generated by the tuning unit is applied to the dielectric
- the communication device includes: a receiving-side main electrode provided at a position easily affected by the dielectric; A receiving feedback electrode for establishing electrostatic coupling with a transmitting feedback electrode, and electricity generated between the receiving feedback electrode and the receiving main electrode due to an electric field applied to the dielectric.
- the present invention provides a communication system, wherein the transmission-side return electrode is arranged at a position where the dielectric cannot touch during communication between the communication device and the communication unit.
- the dielectric may be a human body.
- the present invention provides a transmission-side feedback electrode, a transmission-side main electrode provided at a position where electrical influence is likely to be exerted on a dielectric, and the transmission-side main electrode according to an electric signal corresponding to data to be transmitted.
- a receiving side feedback electrode which is an electrode for establishing electrostatic coupling with the transmitting side feedback electrode, which is included in a communication device having a modulating section for changing a potential applied to the antenna, and an influence from the dielectric.
- a receiving main electrode provided at a position that is easily affected by the electric field, and a measuring unit that measures an electrical state generated between the receiving feedback electrode and the receiving feedback electrode due to an electric field applied to the dielectric.
- a demodulation unit that acquires the electric signal based on the measurement result by the measurement unit, demodulates the electric signal to obtain data transmitted by the communication device, and an insulator having a bottom surface, a side surface, and a top surface. Having the measurement unit, A tuning unit is disposed inside the insulator; the receiving-side return electrode is disposed at a position where the dielectric cannot touch during communication between the communication device and the communication unit; A receiving unit main electrode provides a communication unit installed on the upper surface of the insulator.
- the communication unit includes: a transmission-side feedback electrode; a transmission-side main electrode provided at a position where electrical influence is likely to be exerted on a dielectric; and a communication unit provided within the insulator.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode is provided on a side of the insulator.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode may be provided on a side surface orthogonal to the side surface on which the reception-side return electrode is provided.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side feedback electrode may be provided so as to be in contact with a side surface of the insulator and surround the side surface.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode may be provided on a side surface of the insulator.
- the modulation section changes a potential difference between the transmission-side feedback electrode and the transmission-side main electrode, and modulates an electric field according to a potential difference between the transmission-side feedback electrode and the transmission-side main electrode with the dielectric. May be given to the body.
- the insulator may have a rectangular tile shape.
- the insulator has a tatami shape
- the receiving-side return electrode of the communication unit is a side surface of the insulator and corresponds to an edge of the insulator. It may be installed in a part.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode and the transmitting-side feedback electrode may obtain a stable potential.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode and the transmitting-side feedback electrode are a plus power source, a minus power source, a part that obtains a stable potential with low impedance, a signal ground, a housing that constitutes the communication device, and a ground. May be connected to any of the grounds.
- the receiving-side return electrode may be provided at a position where the communication-side device and the communication unit do not contact the transmitting-side main electrode and the receiving-side main electrode during communication. .
- the measuring unit when the transmitting-side main electrode of the communication device is placed so as to be located near the receiving-side main electrode, the measuring unit does not pass through the dielectric, An electric field generated between the receiving-side feedback electrode and the receiving-side returning electrode due to the electric field generated by the modulation unit may be measured.
- the present invention provides a transmission device provided at a position where electrical influence is likely to be exerted on the dielectric.
- a transmission device provided at a position where electrical influence is likely to be exerted on the dielectric.
- the transmitting-side returning electrode, and the transmitting-side returning electrode included in the communication device having a modulation unit that changes a potential applied to the transmitting-side main electrode in accordance with an electric signal corresponding to data to be transmitted.
- a receiving-side feedback electrode for establishing electrostatic coupling, a receiving-side main electrode, and an electric field generated between the receiving-side feedback electrode and the receiving-side main electrode by an electric field applied to the dielectric.
- Receiving a communication unit comprising: a measuring unit for measuring a state; and a demodulation unit for acquiring the electric signal based on a measurement result by the measuring unit, demodulating the electric signal and obtaining data transmitted by the communication device.
- the side return electrode is provided at a position where the dielectric cannot touch during communication between the communication device and the communication unit, and the reception main electrode is provided at a position susceptible to the dielectric. Electrode To provide a ⁇ method.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side feedback electrode are electrostatically coupled to establish a feedback transmission path, and the reception-side feedback electrode is set outside the moving range of the dielectric.
- the transmitted signal is received without interruption by the communication unit.
- the present invention provides a communication system comprising: an electric field communication device; and a communication network having the electric field communication device as a terminal, the base station performing communication with the electric field communication device.
- a transmission-side main electrode provided at a position where electrical influence is likely to occur, a signal generation unit for generating an electric signal corresponding to data to be transmitted, and a potential applied to the transmission-side main electrode in accordance with the electric signal
- a modulator for periodically changing the potential in accordance with an electric signal corresponding to broadcast information for reporting the presence of the base station, wherein the modulator generates the potential generated by the modulator.
- An electric field corresponding to the change is applied to the dielectric; and the electric field communication device is configured to apply the reception-side main electrode provided at a position that is easily affected by the dielectric from the dielectric, to the dielectric.
- Electric field A measuring unit that measures an electrical state occurring at the receiving-side main electrode, obtains the electric signal based on a measurement result by the measuring unit, demodulates the electric signal, and transmits data transmitted by the base station. And a user of the electric field communication device that the communication with the base station is possible while the broadcast information is obtained without interruption for a predetermined time interval or more by the demodulation unit.
- a communication system having a notifying unit for notifying.
- the measuring unit is configured to control the electric current applied to the dielectric.
- a potential difference between a potential generated at the receiving-side main electrode by a field and a predetermined potential may be measured.
- the present invention provides a communication system comprising: an electric field communication device; and a base station configured to communicate with the electric field communication device as a terminal, wherein the base station communicates with the electric field communication device.
- a transmission-side main electrode provided at a position where electrical influence is likely to occur, a transmission-side feedback electrode connected to the base station, a signal generation unit that generates an electric signal corresponding to data to be transmitted,
- a modulator for changing a potential difference between a transmission-side main electrode and the transmission-side feedback electrode according to the electric signal, wherein the potential difference is periodically changed according to an electric signal corresponding to broadcast information for reporting the presence of the base station.
- a modulating section for applying an electric field to the dielectric according to a change in the potential difference generated by the modulating section.
- the electric field communication device receives an electric influence from the dielectric.
- a receiving-side main electrode provided at a ray position; a receiving-side feedback electrode for establishing a feedback transmission path between the transmitting-side returning electrode; and the receiving-side main electrode by an electric field applied to the dielectric.
- a measuring unit that measures an electrical state generated between the receiving-side return electrodes; acquiring the electric signal based on a measurement result by the measuring unit; demodulating the electric signal; and transmitting data transmitted by the base station.
- a demodulation unit that obtains, while the broadcast information is obtained without interruption for a predetermined time interval or more by the demodulation unit, notifies the user of the electric field communication device that communication with the base station is possible.
- a communication system comprising: a notification unit.
- the base station further includes an oscillator that applies an AC voltage for charging the electric field communication device between the transmission-side main electrode and the transmission-side feedback electrode.
- information indicating that the electric field communication device can be charged at the base station is added, and the electric field communication device is guided between the reception side main electrode and the reception side return electrode.
- a rectifier circuit that converts the AC voltage into a DC voltage, and a battery that is charged with the DC voltage obtained by the rectifier circuit, wherein the notification unit is configured so that the notification information is predetermined by the demodulation unit.
- the electric field communication device indicates that the base station can charge the electric field communication device for at least the time interval that has been obtained without interruption. It may be notified to the user.
- the measuring unit may measure a potential difference generated between the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side feedback electrode due to an electric field applied to the dielectric.
- the measuring section is an electro-optic crystal exhibiting the Pockels effect, and when power passes through, corresponds to an intensity of an electric field in a space where the electro-optic crystal exists.
- An electro-optic crystal that gives a change to the light a light emitting unit that emits light incident on the electro-optic crystal, and a light that passes through the electro-optic crystal.
- a light receiving unit that outputs a signal indicating a change of the light received in the electro-optic crystal.
- the present invention is a base station constituting a communication network, comprising: a transmitting-side main electrode provided at a position where electric influence is easily exerted on a dielectric; and an electric signal corresponding to data to be transmitted.
- a modulation unit that changes a potential applied to the transmission-side main electrode, the modulation unit periodically changing the potential according to an electric signal corresponding to broadcast information that broadcasts the presence of the base station;
- An electric field communication device that communicates with a base station that provides an electric field to the dielectric according to a change in potential generated by the modulation unit, wherein the receiving side is provided at a position that is easily affected by the dielectric.
- a main electrode a measuring unit for measuring an electric state generated in the receiving-side main electrode by an electric field applied to the dielectric, and obtaining the electric signal based on a measurement result by the measuring unit; Demodulate A demodulator that obtains data transmitted by the base station; and that the demodulator can communicate with the base station while the broadcast information is continuously obtained for a predetermined time interval or more. And a notification unit for notifying the user of the electric field communication device of the electric field communication device.
- the measuring unit may measure a potential difference between a potential generated at the reception-side main electrode due to an electric field applied to the dielectric and a predetermined potential.
- the present invention is a base station that constitutes a communication network, and corresponds to a transmitting main electrode, a transmitting feedback electrode, and a transmitting data, which are provided at a position where electrical influence is likely to be exerted on a dielectric.
- a modulation unit that changes a potential difference between the transmission-side main electrode and the transmission-side feedback electrode in accordance with the generated electric signal, the modulation unit responding to broadcast information that broadcasts the presence of the base station.
- a modulator for periodically changing the potential difference according to a corresponding electric signal; and an electric field communication device for communicating with a base station for applying an electric field to the dielectric according to the change in the potential difference generated by the modulator.
- a receiving main electrode provided at a position susceptible to electrical influence from the dielectric; a receiving feedback electrode for establishing a feedback transmission path between the transmitting main feedback electrode; and the dielectric.
- a measuring unit for measuring an electric state generated between the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side return electrode by an electric field applied to the receiving unit, and acquiring the electric signal based on a measurement result by the measuring unit.
- a demodulator for demodulating the electric signal to obtain data transmitted by the base station; and a demodulator for obtaining the broadcast information for a predetermined time interval or more without interruption.
- the notification unit transmits information indicating that communication with the base station is possible while the notification information is continuously obtained by the demodulation unit for a predetermined time interval or more. It may be displayed on the display unit.
- the base station further includes an oscillator that applies an AC voltage for charging an electric field communication device between the transmission-side main electrode and the transmission-side feedback electrode
- the broadcast information includes the base station.
- Information indicating that it is possible to charge the electric field communication device at the station is provided, and the electric field communication device is provided with an AC voltage induced between the receiving main electrode and the receiving feedback electrode.
- the notification unit may be configured such that the broadcast information is continuously obtained for a predetermined time interval or more by the demodulation unit for a predetermined time interval.
- the information indicating that charging of the battery can be performed may be displayed on the display unit.
- the dielectric may be a human body.
- the electric field communication device is arranged such that the reception-side main electrode is positioned near the transmission-side main electrode, and the electric influence of the electric field generated by the modulation unit is transmitted through the dielectric. Alternatively, it may be directly received by the receiving-side main electrode.
- the measuring unit may measure a potential difference generated between the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side feedback electrode due to an electric field applied to the dielectric.
- the measuring unit is an electro-optic crystal exhibiting the Pockels effect, and when power passes through, changes in accordance with the strength of an electric field in a space where the electro-optic crystal exists.
- An electro-optic crystal that gives light; a light-emitting unit that emits light incident on the electro-optic crystal; and a light that receives light that has passed through the electro-optic crystal, and indicates a change that the light has received in the electro-optic crystal.
- a light receiving unit for outputting a signal may be provided.
- the receiving-side main electrode and the receiving-side return electrode may be arranged at positions facing each other with the electro-optical crystal interposed therebetween.
- an arrival-side electrode that is connected to the reception-side main electrode is disposed at a position closer to the electro-optic crystal body than the reception-side main electrode, and has the same potential as the reception-side main electrode
- a return electrode that is connected to the reception-side feedback electrode is disposed at a position closer to the electro-optic crystal than the reception-side feedback electrode, and has a reception-side electrode that is equal in potential to the reception-side feedback electrode.
- the arrival-side electrode and the return-side electrode may be arranged at positions facing each other across the electro-optic crystal.
- the electro-optic crystal has a columnar shape, and at least one of the arrival-side electrode and the return-side electrode has a size that fits in a cross section substantially orthogonal to an optical path in the electro-optic crystal. It may have a shape.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode may establish a feedback transmission path with the transmitting-side feedback electrode by electrostatic coupling via the atmosphere.
- both the receiving-side feedback electrode and the transmitting-side feedback electrode may be given the same stable potential.
- the electric field communication apparatus can communicate with the base station while the broadcast information transmitted from the base station is obtained without interruption for a predetermined time interval or more. Notify the user.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one installation example of the electric field communication device T R X.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of the electric field communication device TRX.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the electric field communication device T RX.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration of the transmission amplifier AP.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a mechanical configuration of the electric field sensor ES.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram conceptually showing how the electric field sensor ES captures an electric field in a case where the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is not provided.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram conceptually showing how the electric field sensor ES captures an electric field when the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is provided.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration when the electrode structure EOB is electrically connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram conceptually showing how the electric field sensor ES captures an electric field when the electrode structure EOB is electrically connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration in a case where the electrode structure EOG is electrically connected to the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram conceptually showing how the electric field sensor ES captures an electric field when the electrode structure EOG is electrically connected to the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment in which the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is connected to a low-impedance signal source.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment in which the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is connected to a low-impedance signal source.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment in which the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is connected to a low-impedance signal source.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually illustrating communication in Installation Example 1.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram conceptually illustrating communication in Installation Example 2.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram conceptually illustrating communication in Installation Example 3.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram conceptually showing communication in Installation Example 4.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram conceptually showing communication in Installation Example 5.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of an electrical configuration of the transmission amplifier according to Modification 4 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of an electrical configuration of the transmission amplifier according to Modification 4 of the first embodiment.
- Figure 22 is a diagram for explaining the problem of earth ground in PAN.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram conceptually illustrating a communication principle of an electric field communication device using electrostatic coupling via the atmosphere as a return transmission line.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram conceptually illustrating the communication principle of an electric field communication device using electrostatic coupling via the atmosphere as a return transmission line.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram conceptually illustrating the communication principle of an electric field communication device using electrostatic coupling via the atmosphere as a return transmission line.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram conceptually illustrating the communication principle of an electric field communication device using a feedback transmission line as a dielectric.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a transmitter HTRX related to the system.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating a cross section of the communication unit CP related to the system.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a receiver FTRX related to the system.
- FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing an example of the appearance of a communication cut TCP according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of a communication unit TCP according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a perspective view showing the appearance when the communication unit TCP according to the third embodiment of the present invention is laid out in a tile carpet and installed.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a communication unit TCP according to the third embodiment of the present invention It is a figure which illustrates the cross section at the time of laying down in a pet shape.
- FIG. 35 is a perspective view showing an example of the appearance of a communication unit TMA according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 36 is a view showing an example of a cross section of a communication unit TMA according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a communication system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a communication system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the arrangement of the receiving-side feedback electrodes.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a communication system according to Modification 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a communication system according to a fifth modification of the present invention.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the arrangement of the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side feedback electrode according to the modification 8.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram illustrating a modified example of the arrangement of the transmitting-side feedback electrode and the receiving-side feedback electrode according to the eighth modified example.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a transmission-side feedback electrode and a reception-side feedback electrode are arranged in a communication unit CP according to the eighth modification.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a transmission-side feedback electrode and a reception-side feedback electrode are arranged in a communication unit CP according to Modification 8.
- FIG. 46 is a diagram illustrating a tile carpet CPEn and an electronic device APP according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 47 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the tile carpet CPEn and the electronic device APP according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 48 is a diagram illustrating an example of a switching operation of the division switches FPSW and APSW when the charging mode and the communication mode are performed in a time-division manner according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 49 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the frequency P of the AC voltage used for charging and the carrier frequency D of the carrier used for communication are different from each other according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 50 is a diagram (part 1) showing a screen display example of the electronic device APP according to a modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 51 is a diagram (part 2) illustrating a screen display example of the electronic device APP according to a modification of the same embodiment.
- FIG. 52 is a block diagram of an electric field communication device T Xa having a polarity inversion circuit according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 53 shows an example of a signal whose pole 1 "is not inverted and a signal whose polarity is inverted.
- Fig. 54 is a flowchart performed in the electric field communication device TXa.
- FIG. 28 is a block diagram of an electric field communication device RXb having another polarity inversion circuit according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 56 is a flowchart of the process performed by the electric field communication device R Xb.
- FIG. 57 is a block diagram of an electric field communication device R Xc having still another polarity reversing device of the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 58 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of a communication unit TCPa according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 59 is a diagram illustrating a state where the communication unit TCPa according to the ninth embodiment is electrically coupled to an external electric field communication device.
- FIG. 60 is a diagram showing a state where adjacent communication units are connected in the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 61 is a diagram showing a state in which communication units one away from each other are connected to each other in the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 62 is a diagram showing a state in which a plurality of communication units on the floor are connected in the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an installation example of the electric field communication device TRX according to the present embodiment.
- the electric field communication device TRX is mounted on the human body HB.
- the field communication device TRX radiates an electric field varying at a frequency of several tens of kHz to several MHz indicating that the human body HB has good conductivity, and can detect the electric field arriving via the human body HB. . Therefore, it is possible to communicate between the plurality of electric field communication devices TRX via the human body HB.
- any dielectric material having conductivity at a certain frequency can be used as a transmission line. Therefore, the electric field communication device TRX can be arranged at various positions other than the human body HB, for example, on the wall, floor, and ceiling of a room. In addition, the electric field communication device TRX can use the electrostatic coupling via the atmosphere as a feedback transmission line, or can secure the feedback transmission line via a dielectric.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an external configuration of the electric field communication device TRX.
- the casing CS has a box shape covered with an insulator IS. Further, a transmission-side main electrode ESB and a reception-side main electrode ERB are provided on the lower surface side of the casing CS via an insulator IS. On the other hand, on the upper surface side of the casing CS, a transmission-side feedback electrode ESG and a reception-side feedback electrode ERG are provided via an insulator IS. In the above configuration, the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the reception-side main electrode ERB are insulated from the transmission-side return electrode ESG and the reception-side return electrode ERG by an insulator IS.
- the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the reception-side main electrode ERB be installed as far as possible from the housing CS and the circuit inside the housing CS.
- the insulator IS also serves to secure the distance between the transmitting main electrode ESB and the receiving main electrode ERB and other devices. The specific reason will be described later.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG is used when establishing a return transmission path by electrostatic coupling through the atmosphere, and when attached to the human body HB, is directed to the surrounding space.
- the electric field emitted by the transmitting main electrode ESB reaches the farthest when the transmitting main electrode ESB is in contact with the human body HB.
- the electric field emitted by the transmission-side main electrode E SB reaches the human body HB even when passing through some space such as clothing, and the human body H Reach far through B. In this case, the reach of the electric field becomes slightly shorter, but the user's anxiety about electric shock and skin allergy can be reduced. Further, for the same reason, the surfaces of the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the transmission-side return electrode ESG may be covered with a thin layer or an insulator.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the electric field communication device TRX.
- the electric field communication device TRX includes an external interface NIC, a control unit CR, a transmission unit TM, and a reception unit RV.
- the external interface NIC is an interface for exchanging data in Ethernet (registered trademark) format with external devices. Any device that can operate according to the 10BASE-2 system, which is a form of Ethernet, can be connected to this external interface NIC. For example, it is possible to connect the electric field communication device TRX and a communication terminal (not shown) via the external interface NIC. In this case, the communication terminal recognizes the electric field communication device TRX as an Ethernet device.
- 10BASE-2 system is used here, 10BASE-T and 10BASE-5 systems may be used.
- the control unit CR includes a transmission-side control unit M PUT and a reception-side control unit M PUR.
- the transmission side control unit M PUT controls data transmission to another electric field communication device T RX. More specifically, transmission-side control unit MUT converts data to be transmitted to another electric field communication device TRX into a transmission signal according to the content. Then, the transmission-side control unit M PUT supplies the transmission signal to the transmission unit TM.
- the receiving-side control unit MPUR upon receiving the signal from the receiving unit RV, restores the data based on the signal. Then, the receiving side control unit MPUR processes the restored data. For example, when the image data is restored from the received transmission signal, the receiving-side control unit MPUR displays the data on a display device (not shown). Further, for example, when audio data is restored from the received transmission signal, the receiving-side control unit MPUR outputs audio based on the data from a speaker (not shown).
- the transmission unit TM includes a modulation device EC and a transmission amplifier AP.
- the modulation device EC uses the transmission signal input from the transmission-side control unit MPUT to carry the signal. Modulate the transmission.
- any band can be freely selected as long as the main signal band is several tens kHz or more, which indicates that the human body has good conductivity.
- the 10 BASE-2 system widely used in Ethernet is used.
- the modulator EC outputs the modulated signal to the transmission amplifier AP.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG is connected to the terminal Q of the transmission amplifier. As a result, a potential difference is generated between the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the transmission-side return electrode ESG, and is radiated to the surrounding space.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG can be connected not only to the terminal Q of the transmission amplifier but also to a low-impedance signal source such as a positive power supply or a negative power supply, or to the chassis CS, etc. . By connecting the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG to these low-impedance signal sources, it is possible to stabilize the radiated electric field.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG may not be connected at all. Further, in order to prevent the electric field from being attenuated due to the short circuit, the casing CS and the transmitting-side return electrode ESG need to be insulated from the human body HB and the transmitting-side main electrode ESB. Conversely, the terminal P of the transmission amplifier AP may be connected to the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG, and the terminal Q may be connected to the transmission-side main electrode ESB.
- the polarity of the radiated electric field is opposite to that described above.
- a modulation method such as FM that is irrelevant to the polarity of the electric field is used, or a polarity inverting circuit is installed in one of the transmitting and receiving circuits. By taking such measures, normal communication can be performed.
- the transmission amplifier AP When a signal is input from the modulator EC, the transmission amplifier AP amplifies the signal and generates a potential difference between the terminals P and Q according to the signal amplification.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an electrical configuration of the transmission amplifier AP.
- the transmission amplifier AP shown in the figure is suitable for a modulation method having a continuous amplitude value.
- the driving voltage of the transmission amplifier AP is set to a high voltage, the amplitude of the transmission signal can be amplified.
- the terminal P of the transmission amplifier AP is connected to the transmission-side main electrode ESB. Therefore, when the modulated signal is input to the transmission amplifier AP, it is directed toward the human body HB. An electric field corresponding to the potential difference generated between the terminals P and Q is radiated. It is preferable that the transmission voltage of the electric field communication device TRX is high, but the current flowing through the transmission electrode is very small. Therefore, the power supply capability of the transmission amplifier AP does not need to be high.
- the portion to which the terminal Q is connected may be anything as long as it shows a stable potential.
- the terminal Q can be connected to this portion.
- terminal Q may be connected to a positive power supply or a negative power supply to maintain the power supply potential.
- the terminal Q may be connected to none and kept at the potential of the atmosphere.
- the receiving unit RV includes an electric field sensor ES and a demodulation device DC.
- the electric field sensor ES can identify a very weak electric field.
- the electric field sensor ES detects a change in the electric field when the electric field emitted by another electric field communication device arrives. Then, the electric field sensor ES identifies the modulated signal based on the captured change, and outputs the modulated signal to the demodulation device DC.
- the demodulation device DC demodulates the signal to obtain the original transmission signal.
- the electric field sensor ES includes an electro-optic crystal EO and an optical measuring device D.
- Electro-optical crystal EO for example B SO (B i 12 S i O 20), BTO (B i 12 T i O 20), C dT i, C dT e, DAST ( dimethylamino sul Chiba sledding ⁇ Mut sheet rate)
- the crystal whose refractive index changes in proportion to the change in the electric field according to the so-called Pockels effect.
- the optical measuring device is provided with a light irradiator configured with a laser diode or the like to enter a laser beam into the electro-optical crystal EO, and a photodetector configured with a photodetector or the like and receiving the laser beam incident from the light irradiator. ing.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a mechanical configuration of the electric field sensor ES.
- the laser beam incident on the electro-optic crystal E ⁇ from the light irradiator LD is reflected inside the electro-optic crystal EO, passes through the polarizing plate provided on the photo detector PD, and enters the photo detector PD.
- the electro-optic crystal EO changes the polarization state of the laser beam passing through the EO. This change causes a change in the intensity of one laser beam passing through the polarizing plate. By measuring this change, the optical measurement device DT can identify the change in the electric field.
- the electric field sensor ES obtains a signal in the following manner.
- the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal E ⁇ changes accordingly, and the polarization state of the laser beam changes.
- the optical measuring device DT measures the change in the polarization state.
- the change in the refractive index is based on the change in the electric field, and the change in the voltage is based on the signal modulated in the electric field communication device TRX that emitted the electric field. Therefore, if the demodulation device DC demodulates the measurement result from the optical measurement device DT using the 10BASE-2 method, the original transmission signal will be obtained.
- the method by which the electric field sensor composed of the electro-optic crystal EO and the optical measuring device DT captures an electric field is known, and is the same as that disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-262117.
- the electric field communication device TRX of the present embodiment has a mechanism for enabling the electro-optic crystal EO to sufficiently detect a change in the electric field and improving the sensitivity of capturing the electric field.
- this will be described in detail.
- the electro-optic crystal EO can communicate in principle even if it does not necessarily have the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG. However, in this case, the electro-optic crystal EO cannot sufficiently capture the electric field, and the communicable distance of the electric field communication device TRX is shortened.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram conceptually showing a state in which the electric field sensor ES captures an electric field when the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is not provided.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is not provided in this manner, as shown in the figure, the electric field that reaches the electro-optic crystal EO via the receiving-side main electrode ERB is transmitted through the receiving-side main electrode ERB.
- the electro-optic crystal has entered the return path past the side of the EO.
- the fact that the electric field enters the return path without passing through the electro-optical crystal EO for + minutes means that the electro-optical crystal EO is less affected by the electric field.
- the small effect of the electro-optic crystal EO from the electric field means that the change in the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal EO is small. It is. This means that the reception sensitivity of the electric field communication device TRX does not increase.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is provided as in the configuration shown in FIG. 3 described above, the electric field sensor ES can sufficiently capture the electric field. As a result, the communicable distance of the electric field communication device TRX is extended.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram conceptually showing how the electric field sensor ES captures an electric field when the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is provided.
- the receiving-side main electrode ERB is installed near the human body HB, like the transmitting-side main electrode ESB.
- the receiving side return electrode ERG like the transmitting side return electrode ESG, is installed on the upper surface of the casing CS toward the surrounding space.
- the electric field sensor ES is installed so as to be sandwiched between the receiving-side return electrode ERG and the receiving-side main electrode ERB.
- the casing CS and the receiving-side return electrode ERG need to be insulated from the human body HB and the receiving-side main electrode ERB.
- the optical measurement device DT irradiates the electric field sensor ES with laser light, detects a change state or a change in intensity of light passing through the electric field sensor ES, and detects a change in the electric field penetrating the electric field sensor ES. Detected as a change in electrical signal.
- an electrode structure EOB is further provided in a part of the electric field sensor ES, and when it is electrically connected to the main electrode ERB on the receiving side, the electric field reaching the main electrode ERB on the receiving side is efficiently transmitted to the electric field sensor ES. Will be able to guide you.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration when the electrode structure EOB is electrically connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram conceptually showing how the electric field sensor ES captures an electric field when the electrode structure EOB is electrically connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB.
- the electric field that has reached the electro-optic crystal EO via the receiving-side main electrode ERB is attracted in the direction in which the receiving-side feedback electrode is provided by the potential of the electrode structure EOB. Therefore, it is necessary to attract more electric fields to the electro-optic crystal EO. Will be able to
- an electric field can be efficiently guided to the electric field sensor ES.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration in a case where the electrode structure E OG is electrically connected to the receiving-side feedback electrode E RG. As shown in the figure, an electrode structure EOG having a size slightly smaller than the upper surface is provided on the upper surface of the electro-optic crystal EO.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram conceptually showing how the electric field sensor ES captures an electric field when the electrode structure E OG is electrically connected to the receiving-side return electrode E RG.
- the electric flux lines reaching the receiving-side main electrode ERB are attracted to the position where the electro-optic crystal EO is disposed by the potential of the electrode structure E OB, and further, the potential of the electrode structure EOG Thereby, the receiving side return electrode ERG is attracted in the direction in which it is disposed.
- the number of lines of electric force passing through the electro-optic crystal EO can be increased, and the electric field sensor ES can more fully capture the change in the electric field.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG may be connected to a low-impedance signal source such as a signal ground in the circuit inside the electric field communication device TRX, a positive power supply or a negative power supply, and the casing CS. It is possible. By connecting the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG to a low-impedance signal source, the electric field guided to the electric field sensor ES can be further stabilized.
- a low-impedance signal source such as a signal ground in the circuit inside the electric field communication device TRX, a positive power supply or a negative power supply, and the casing CS.
- FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 are block diagrams for explaining each mode when the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is connected to a low-impedance signal source.
- FIG. 12 shows a connection example in the case where the electrode structure is not provided in the electric field sensor ES.
- FIG. 13 shows a connection example when the electrode structure EOB is provided in the electric field sensor ES.
- FIG. 14 shows a connection example when the electrode structure E OB and the electrode structure E OG are provided in the electric field sensor ES.
- the receiving-side return electrode ERG may be installed facing the human body HB, and the receiving-side main electrode ERB may be installed facing the surrounding space.
- the polarity of the detected electric field is reversed, but a modulation method such as FM irrespective of the polarity may be used, or a polarity inversion circuit may be provided in any of the transmission and reception circuits.
- the atmosphere is dielectric and electric field communication equipment TRX can communicate normally.
- the electric field communication device TRX adjusts the shape of the transmission-side main electrode ESB, the transmission-side return electrode ESG, the reception-side main electrode ERB, and the reception-side return electrode ERG, and the arrangement position of the electro-optic crystal E ⁇ . Any configuration is possible as long as the configuration allows the electric field to pass efficiently.
- the shape of each electrode may be any shape, and may be arranged in any way.
- the electric field communication device TRX can sufficiently capture the electric field with a highly sensitive electric field sensor. As a result, the communicable distance of the electric field communication device TRX greatly increases compared to conventional devices.
- the electric field communication device TRX 1 is equipped with a portable keyboard such as a chordkeyboard. This electric field communication device TRX1 is used as an input interface, and can input various data. In addition, the electric field communication device TRX 1 is provided with a speaker and can output sound.
- the electric field communication device TRX2 is equipped with a nonvolatile memory S such as an F1ash memory. Various information can be stored in this nonvolatile memory. That is, the electric field communication device TRX2 can be used as a storage device.
- the electric field communication device TRX 3 is equipped with a communication interface such as a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) interface and a mobile phone (both not shown).
- the electric field communication device TRX3 is used as a gateway device for communication with other communication terminals constituting a LAN, and communication via a WAN (Wide Area Network) such as the Internet.
- WAN Wide Area Network
- the electric field communication device TRX 4 is equipped with, for example, a head-mounted display including a small-sized display device composed of a film liquid crystal or the like. That is, the electric field communication device TRX4 is used as a display device.
- the electric field communication device TRX5 is configured as an indoor installation type device.
- the reception-side main electrode ERB and the reception-side return electrode ERG of the electric field communication device TRX5 are installed on the floor, wall, or ceiling of the room.
- the electric field communication device TRX5, like the electric field communication device TRX3, is used as a gateway device in communication with other communication terminals constituting a LAN and in communication via a WAN.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually showing communication in Installation Example 1.
- FIG. 1 exemplifies communication between the electric field communication devices TRX1 and TRX2.
- the transmission-side control unit MPUT2 of the electric field communication device T RX2 converts data to be transmitted to the electric field communication device TR XI into a transmission signal. Then, transmission-side control section MPUT2 outputs the transmission signal to modulation apparatus EC2. Modulator E C2 modulates a carrier with a transmission signal. Then, modulator EC2 outputs the modulated signal to transmission amplifier AP2. The transmission amplifier AP2 amplifies the modulated signal and converts it into a voltage change between the terminal P2 and the terminal Q2. Then, an electric field is radiated from the transmission-side main electrode ESB2 based on this voltage change. This electric field reaches the position where the electric field communication device TRX2 is installed via the human body HB.
- the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal EOl changes in the electric field communication device TRX1.
- the polarization state of the laser light incident on the light receiving section of the optical measurement device DT1 changes.
- the optical measurement device DT1. Outputs an electric signal corresponding to the change in the amount of received light to the demodulation device DC1.
- the demodulator DC 1 demodulates the input electric signal.
- Demodulator DC1 outputs the demodulated signal to receiving-side control unit MPUR1.
- the receiving side control unit MP UR 1 obtains the data transmitted by the electric field communication device TRX 2 based on the signal input from the demodulation device DC 1. Then, the receiving side control unit MPUR1 executes a process based on the acquired data.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram conceptually illustrating communication in Installation Example 2. The figure illustrates communication between the electric field communication device TRX2a worn by the user A and the electric field communication device TRX2b worn by the user B.
- an electric field modulated by data to be transmitted is emitted from the transmission-side main electrode ERB2a of the electric field communication device TRX2a.
- the electric field radiated to the user A is transmitted to the user B.
- the electric field reaches the electric field communication device TRX2b.
- the electric field communication device TRX2b obtains the data transmitted by the electric field communication device TRX2a, and executes a process based on the data.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram conceptually showing communication in Installation Example 3. The figure illustrates communication between the plurality of electric field communication devices TRX1 to TRX4.
- electric field communication devices TRX1 to 4 perform electric field communication. That is, the input / output device, the storage device, and the gateway device communicate with each other using the human body HB as a bus. Further, in this installation example, it is possible to communicate with a communication terminal connected to a LAN via the electric field communication device TRX5, or to communicate via a WAN.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram conceptually illustrating communication between the devices in the fourth installation example.
- the figure illustrates communication between the electric field communication device TRX 2 and the vending machine VM.
- it is possible to mount the electric field communication device TRX on an outdoor installation type device and perform communication with the electric field communication device TRX mounted on the human body.
- the vending machine VM shown in Fig. 18 has a built-in electric field communication device TRX. So The purchase button that the user of the vending machine VM should press when purchasing a drink department is configured as: • the receiving main electrode ERB.
- the receiving-side return electrode ERG is provided at a position where the user is unlikely to directly touch, for example, below the front of the device.
- the receiving-side return electrode ERG may be placed anywhere. In order to increase the electrostatic coupling between the electric field communication devices TRX and stabilize the communication quality, it is preferable that the receiving-side return electrode ERG be installed near the receiving-side main electrode ERG.
- the electric field communication device TRX In the case of the electric field communication device TRX, communication with external devices is not performed unless the user touches it. For this reason, it is easy to prevent the information stored in the device from being leaked to the outside unnecessarily and to confirm the user's intention to send the information to the outside. In other words, it can be said that the electric field communication device TRX is excellent in application to devices for personal authentication and sale of goods.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram conceptually illustrating communication between the devices in the fifth installation example.
- the electric field communication device TRX 5 When the electric field communication device TRX 5 is used, it is possible to perform communication via a LAN or a WAN in the same manner as in Installation Example 3 above.
- the receiving-side main electrode ERB of the electric field communication device TRX 5 is provided on the floor. Therefore, it is possible to perform electric field communication simply by standing at the position where the receiving-side main electrode ERB is located.
- Electronic mail This installation example has a wide range of applications, such as confirmation of reception of a TV program, selection of a TV program, and distribution of video-on-demand content.
- the electric field communication device TRX of the present embodiment has improved communication sensitivity as compared with the conventional electric field communication device, so that it is possible to perform communication between devices attached to parts of the human body. is there. Therefore, the use of the device is greatly expanded.
- the electric field communication device of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made within the technical idea of the present invention.
- the electric field communication device TRX includes a transmission-side main electrode ESB and a reception-side main electrode ERB, and a transmission-side return electrode ESG and a reception-side return electrode ERG, each having a different configuration.
- the description was given taking the example of the embodiment. However, a mode in which the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the reception-side main electrode ERB have the same configuration may be adopted. Further, a mode in which the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG and the reception-side feedback electrode ERG have the same configuration may be adopted.
- the electric field communication device TRX has been described as having a configuration capable of realizing both the transmission function and the reception function.
- the electric field communication device TRX may adopt a configuration that implements only one of the transmission function and the reception function according to the application.
- the electric field communication device TRX may have only one of the main electrode and the return electrode, either transmission or reception, depending on the function to be realized.
- the electric field communication device TRX should have either the transmission side control unit M PUT or the reception side control unit M PUR.
- the E-2 scheme was used as a single modulation scheme.
- the number of electric field communication devices TRX that can transmit signals on one transmission path is limited to one.
- the modulation method that the electric field communication device TRX can use is not limited to the 10 BASE-2 method.
- the electric field communication device TRX uses, for example, AM (Amplitude Modulation), PM (Phase Modulation: Phase Modulation) in addition to the baseband methods such as 1 OBASE-2, 100BASE, and 1000BASE that are used as standard in Ethernet.
- the carrier frequency may be any frequency as long as the conductivity of the dielectric can be improved.
- the transmission amplifiers AP that can be used in the electric field communication device TRX are not limited to those shown in FIG.
- the transmission pump shown in FIG. 20 is preferably used.
- a voltage value is set in advance as an output value and a switch is switched according to an input signal, a multi-valued voltage value can be output.
- a transmission amplifier having the configuration shown in FIG. The transmission amplifier shown in the figure can switch the switch according to the input signal, and is suitable for a binary output modulation method such as 1 OBASE-2.
- the electric field sensor ES is described by taking an aspect in which a laser beam outputs an electric signal based on the polarization state of the laser beam passing through the electro-optic crystal EO.
- the electric field sensor ES may measure the interference of light before and after the laser beam is incident on the electro-optic crystal EO, thereby measuring the electric field change and outputting an electric signal.
- the electric field sensor ES can output an electric signal based on a change in the electric field reaching the electro-optic crystal EO, what is the configuration and operation of the electric field sensor ES? It does not matter.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the transmitter HTRX is a communication device mounted on the human body HB, and has a function of performing communication using the human body HB as a transmission path.
- the communication unit CP is a building member installed on the floor of the room RM, and has a receiver FTRX as a communication device.
- the gateway GW relays communication between a communication device (not shown) connected to the Internet I NET and the receiver F TRX, and is connected to the Internet I NET and the receiver FTRX. I have.
- the receiver FTRX has a function of communicating with a communication device connected to the Internet I NET via the gateway GW. Further, the receiver FTRX has a function of communicating with the transmitter HTRX mounted on the human body HB using the human body HB as a transmission path.
- the receiver return electrode ERG is installed on the ceiling of the room RM, and this receiver return electrode ERG is connected to the GND (ground) of the receiver FTRX.
- the transmitter HTRX is connected to the Internet I NET via the human body HB, the receiver FTRX built in the communication unit CP, the gateway GW, and the Internet I NET. Communication with the existing communication device.
- FIG. 28 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the transmitter HTRX.
- the casing CS1 has a box shape, and accommodates each part of the transmitter HTRX described below.
- the microcomputer MC 1 is a general microcomputer including a microprocessor, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an input / output port (all not shown), and the like.
- the ROM communicates with other communication devices such as the receiver FT RX and the communication device connected to the Internet I NET.
- a control program for performing communication is stored.
- the microcomputer MC 1 reads and executes a program stored in the ROM, and controls each unit of the transmitter H TRX.
- the insulator HI S is installed on the surface where the housing CS 1 is in contact with the human body HB, that is, on the surface on which the transmitting-side main electrode ESB is installed, and provides insulation between the human body HB and the housing CS 1. I do.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG is an electrode that is installed at a position that comes into contact with the atmosphere when the transmitter HTRX is worn on a human body, and its surface is covered with an insulator.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG is connected to the GND (ground) of the transmitter HTRX.
- the modulation device EC 1 is connected to the microcomputer MC 1. Further, the modulation device E C1 is connected to the transmission-side main electrode ESB that is in contact with the human body H B. When a signal output from the microcomputer MC 1 is input, the modulation device EC 1 modulates a carrier having a frequency of several tens of kHz or higher, which indicates that the human body has good conductivity, according to the input signal. .
- the modulator EC1 has a transmission amplifier (not shown), and generates a potential difference between the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG based on the modulated signal. As a result, an electric field corresponding to the modulated signal is applied to the human body HB.
- the transmitter HTRX further has a battery, memory, operation keys, etc., though not shown because it has nothing to do with the gist of this effort.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the communication unit CP.
- the communication unit CP is composed of a receiver FTRX, a receiving-side main electrode ERB, and an insulator INS power.
- the receiving-side main electrode ERB is used to measure changes in the electric field, and is connected to the receiver FTRX.
- the insulator I NS is an insulator and insulates between the receiving main electrode ERB and the floor of the room RM when the communication cut CP is installed in the room RM as shown in FIG.
- Figure 30 shows the hardware of the receiver FTRX built in the communication unit CP. It is a block diagram which illustrates a structure.
- the casing CS2 has a box shape, and accommodates each part configuring the receiver FTRX described below.
- the insulator FIS is provided on a surface where the casing CS2 is in contact with the receiving-side main electrode ERB, and insulates the receiving-side main electrode ERB from the casing CS2.
- the microphone computer MC2 is a general microcomputer similar to the microcomputer included in the transmitter HTRX.
- the ROM of the microcomputer MC2 of the receiver FTRX stores a control program for communicating with other communication devices such as the transmitter FTRX and a communication device connected to the Internet INET.
- the microcomputer MC2 reads and executes a program stored in the ROM, and controls each unit of the receiver FT RX.
- Electro-optical crystal EO a is, C d T e, Z n T e, B i 12 G e O 20, B i 12 S I_ ⁇ 20, B i 4 Ge 3 ⁇ 12, L i Nb0 3, L i T a 0 3 like a crystal, connexion refractive index changes by the applied electric field, a crystal according to the so-called Pockels effect.
- the electro-optic crystal Ea has a columnar shape.
- the electrode EOBa for EOa is an electrode placed on the end face of the electro-optic crystal EOa, and has the same size as the bottom (circle) of the electro-optic crystal.
- the EOa electrode EOBa is connected to the receiving main electrode ERB.
- the surface where the EOa electrode EOBa is in contact with the electro-optic crystal is a mirror surface, and reflects the laser light output from the optical measuring device DTa.
- the EOa electrode EOGa is an electrode provided on the electro-optic crystal EOa, and is connected to the electrode ERG shown in FIG.
- the receiving side return electrode ERG is connected to GND (ground) of the transmitter HTRX.
- the electrode EOBa for EOa and the electrode E ⁇ Ga for EOa are installed so as to sandwich the electro-optic crystal EOa as shown in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 11, the number of lines of electric force passing through the electro-optic crystal EOa can be increased, and communication can be performed to a greater distance.
- the optical measuring device DTa is for measuring the change in the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal EOa.
- the optical measuring device DTa includes a semiconductor laser diode LDa serving as a light source for irradiating the electro-optic crystal EOa with laser light, and a laser irradiated from this light source. It has a light receiving unit using a photodiode PDa for receiving light.
- the photometer DTa can measure the change in the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal EOa based on the change in the amount of received light.
- the optical measuring device DTa measures the change in the refractive index of the electro-optical crystal EOa, converts the measurement result into an electric signal, and demodulates the DCa.
- the demodulation device DCa demodulates the electric signal output from the optical measurement device DTa, and is connected to the microcomputer MC2.
- the interface IF is connected to the microcomputer MC2 and the gateway GW shown in FIG. 27, and relays communication performed between the microcomputer MC2 and the gateway GW.
- the microcomputer MC 2 controls the interface IF to transmit the received signal to the communication device connected to the Internet INET via the gateway GW. .
- the modulation method used in the modulation device EC1 and the demodulation method used in the demodulation device DCa are those that use a frequency of several tens of kHz or more that shows good conductivity of the human body. It can be selected arbitrarily.
- ) System UWB (Ultra Wide Band) system, etc. It is not shown because it has nothing to do with the gist of the present invention.
- this receiver FTRX has a battery, memory, operation keys, etc. It also has
- FIG. 27 a transmission path in the case where communication is performed between the transmitter HT RX and the receiver FTRX will be described.
- the line of sight spreads along the human body HB and travels to the receiving main electrode ERB of the communication unit CP.
- the electric lines of force transmitted to the receiving-side main electrode ERB are taken into the receiver FTRX, and transmitted to the electro-optical crystal EOa via the EOa electrode EOBa connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB. .
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the electro-optic crystal EOa are transmitted to the receiving side return electrode E RG installed on the ceiling of the room RM via the electrode EO a for EO a.
- the electric field lines transmitted to the receiving return electrode ERG return to the transmitting return electrode ESG of the transmitter HT RX via the atmosphere. Since the receiving side return electrode ERG is installed on the ceiling where the human body HB does not touch, there is no possibility that the signal transmission path will be short-circuited when the human body HB touches the receiving side return electrode ERG.
- the transmitter HTRX transmits data to a communication device connected to the Internet I NET in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- data transmitted by the transmitter HTRX is output from the microcomputer MC1 to the modulator EC1.
- the modulation device EC1 modulates a carrier having a frequency of several tens of kHz or more, which indicates good conductivity of the human body, using the signal.
- the transmitter HTRX amplifies the modulated signal by the transmission pump of the modulator EC1, and then, based on the amplified signal, generates a potential difference between the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG. Generate. This generates an electric field in the human body HB.
- the receiver FT RX a potential difference is generated between the receiving main electrode ERB and the receiving feedback electrode ERG due to the electric field applied to the human body HB. Then, the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal EOa changes according to the potential difference. The change in the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal EOa is measured by a photometer DTa and converted into an electric signal. The change in the index of refraction is based on the change in the electric field, and the change in the electrical signal is based on the signal modulated at the transmitter H TRX that emitted the electric field. The converted electric signal is output from the optical measurement device DTa and input to the demodulation device DCa.
- the demodulation device DCa the signal output from the optical measurement device DTa is demodulated, and the signal output by the microcomputer MC1 of the transmitter HTRX is restored.
- the signal demodulated by the demodulation device DCa is output from the demodulation device DCa, and received by the receiver FTRX. Input to microcomputer MC2.
- the signal input to the microcomputer MC2 is output to the interface IF. After being output from the interface IF, the signal input to the interface IF is sent to a communication device connected to the Internet I NET via the gateway GW.
- the human body HB serving as a signal transmission path can establish a return transmission path. There is no danger of touching the side return electrode ERG, and communication can be prevented from being interrupted.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG and the transmitting-side feedback electrode ESG are provided, stable communication can be performed.
- the transmitter HTRX and the receiver FTRX can communicate within the room RM.
- FIG. 31 is a perspective view illustrating the appearance of the communication unit TCP.
- the communication system according to the third embodiment of the present invention is different from the communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention! /
- the point that the communication unit CP installed on the floor of the room RM is replaced with the communication unit TCP having the shape of the square tile illustrated in FIG. 31 is different from the second embodiment of Ryoaki Honmei Is a point.
- components other than the communication unit TCP are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating a cross section of the communication unit TCP.
- the communication unit TCP has an insulator I NS, a receiver FTRX built in the insulator I NS, a receiving main electrode ERB, a carpet CA, and a receiving feedback electrode ERG. are doing.
- the receiving-side feedback electrode ERG is connected to the GND (ground) of the receiver FTRX and the electrode EOGa for EOa. As is apparent from FIGS. 31 and 32, the receiving feedback electrode ERG surrounds the periphery of the insulator INS. is set up. Insulator The receiving main electrode ERB is installed on the upper surface of the INS, and the upper surface of the receiving main electrode ERB is covered with carpet CA. The receiving-side main electrode ERB is connected to the E ⁇ a electrode E ⁇ Ba of the receiver FT RX. Further, the receiver FTRX is connected to the gateway GW connected to the Internet INET, similarly to the communication unit CP of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a cross section of the communication unit TCP spread as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 34, when the communication unit TCP is laid out like a tile carpet and installed, the space created between adjacent communication units TCP, that is, above the receiving side return electrode ERG Insulator GIS will be installed in the resulting space.
- the lines of electric force spread along the human body HB and travel to the receiving main electrode ERB of the communication unit TCP.
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the receiving-side main electrode ERB are taken into the receiver FTRX, and transmitted to the electro-optic crystal EOa via the EOa electrode EOBa connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB. .
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the electro-optic crystal EOa are transmitted to the receiving side return electrode ERG installed in the communication unit TCP via the EOa electrode EOGa.
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the receiving return electrode ERG return to the transmitting return electrode E SG of the transmitter H TRX via the atmosphere.
- the receiving-side return electrode ERG is located at the position where the human body HB does not touch the lower part of the insulator GIS.Therefore, if the human body HB touches the receiving-side return electrode ERG, the signal transmission path may be short-circuited. Absent.
- the width of the groove formed between adjacent communication units TCP should be so small that the human body HB does not contact the receiving side return electrode ERG. In this case, the human body HB does not touch the receiving return electrode ERG, so there is no need to provide the insulator GIS.However, if foreign matter such as conductive dust enters the groove, communication may be hindered. It is desirable to provide an insulator GIS.
- the transmitter HTRX An operation example when transmitting data to a communication device connected to the ET will be described.
- the operation up to the generation of the electric field by the transmitter HTRX is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the receiver FTRX uses the optical measurement device DTa to obtain the modulated signal used by the transmitter HTRX to transmit data from this potential difference.
- the receiver FTRX demodulates the obtained modulated signal using the demodulator DCa, the data transmitted by the transmitter HTRX is obtained.
- the obtained data is input to the microcomputer MC2 of the receiver FTRX.
- the signal input to the microcomputer MC2 is output to the interface IF.
- the signal input to the interface IF is output from the interface IF, and then sent to a communication device connected to the Internet INET via the gateway GW.
- the receiving side return electrode ERG is installed below the insulator GIS, the human body HB is connected to the receiving side which has established the return transmission path.
- the return electrode ERG is not touched and communication can be prevented from being interrupted.
- the third embodiment of the present invention unlike the second embodiment, there is no need to install the receiving-side return electrode ERG on the ceiling, so that the room can be easily constructed as compared with the second embodiment. The view of the room is not spoiled.
- the use of the insulator GIS can eliminate a step and prevent dust from accumulating in the groove.
- FIG. 35 is a perspective view illustrating the appearance of the communication unit TMA.
- the communication system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is different from the communication system according to the third embodiment of the present invention in that the communication unit TCP installed on the floor of the room RM has the shape illustrated in FIG.
- the difference from the third embodiment of the present invention is that the communication unit TMA is replaced with a communication unit TMA.
- This communication queue TMA has the shape of a tatami mat, a type of mat that is pulled into a room in Japan. By forming the communication unit in a tatami shape, the aesthetic appearance of the room is not impaired.
- the communication unit can have other shapes and designs.
- components other than the communication unit TMA are the same as those in the second embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating a cross section of the communication unit TMA.
- the communication unit TMA includes an insulator I NS, a receiver FTRX built in the insulator I NS, a receiver main electrode ERB, a tatami table T, a receiver return electrode ERG,
- the communication unit has an edge HR, which is installed on a longitudinal side surface of the TMA.
- the communication unit TMA has an insulator GIS in a space surrounded by the edge HR, the receiving-side return electrode ERG, and the insulator ISNS.
- the receiving side return electrode ERG is connected to the GND (ground) of the receiver FTRX and the electrode EOGa for EOa, and as is clear from FIGS. 35 and 36, along the longitudinal side of the insulator INS. is set up.
- the receiving main electrode ERB is installed on the top surface of the insulator INS, and the top surface of the receiving main electrode ERB is covered with Tatami mat T.
- the receiving-side main electrode ERB is connected to the EOa electrode EOBa of the receiver FTRX.
- the receiver FTRX is connected to the gateway GW connected to the Internet I NET similarly to the communication unit CP of the second embodiment.
- the communication unit TMA is installed like a tatami mat on the floor of the room RM like a normal tatami mat.
- the lines of electric force spread along the human body HB and travel to the main electrode ERB on the receiving side of the communication unit TMA.
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the receiving-side main electrode ERB are taken into the receiver FTRX, and transmitted to the electro-optic crystal E ⁇ a via the EOa electrode EOBa connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB. .
- the electric force and lines transmitted to the electro-optic crystal EOa are transmitted to the receiving side return electrode ERG installed in the communication unit TMA via the EOa electrode EOGa.
- Receiver return electrode The electric field lines transmitted to the ERG return to the transmitter return electrode E SG of the transmitter H TRX via the atmosphere.
- the receiving return electrode ERG is located at a position where the human body HB does not touch the edge HR and the insulator GIS, so the signal transmission path is short-circuited when the human body HB touches the receiving return electrode ERG There is no danger.
- the transmitter H TRX applies an electric field to the human body H B
- a potential difference occurs between the receiving main electrode E RB and the receiving feedback electrode E RG of the receiver FTRX.
- the receiver FTRX uses the optical measurement device DTa to obtain a modulated signal used by the transmitter HTRX to transmit data from this potential difference.
- the receiver FTRX demodulates the obtained modulated signal using the demodulator DCa
- the data transmitted by the transmitter HTRX is obtained.
- the obtained data is input to the microcomputer MC2 of the receiver FTRX.
- the signal input to the microcomputer MC2 is output to the interface IF.
- the signal input to the interface IF is output from the interface IF, and then sent to a communication device connected to the Internet INET via the gateway GW.
- the human body HB since the receiving-side return electrode ERG is installed below the edge HR and the insulator GIS, the human body HB establishes a return transmission path and This eliminates the need to touch the receiving-side return electrode ERG, thus preventing communication from being interrupted. Further, according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, unlike the second embodiment, there is no need to install the receiving-side return electrode ERG on the ceiling, so that the installation of the room is easier than in the second embodiment. Become. Further, unlike the second embodiment, the receiving side return electrode ERG is not installed in a position that is visible to humans, so that the view of the room is not spoiled.
- the receiving side return electrode ERG is arranged at the edge portion provided in the longitudinal direction of the tatami, so that the appearance as the tatami is maintained while maintaining good appearance. Communication can be performed.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a communication system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the communication system according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is different from the communication system according to the second embodiment of the present invention in that the receiving-side return electrode ERG is replaced with a steel frame SK constituting the room RM. This is different from the second embodiment.
- the steel SK which is the return electrode, is connected to the GND (ground) of the receiver FTRX and the EOa electrode EOGa.
- the other components than the steel frame SK are the same as those in the second embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the lines of electric force spread along the human body HB and propagate to the receiving main electrode ERB of the communication unit CP.
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the receiving-side main electrode ERB are taken into the receiver FTRX, and transmitted to the electro-optic crystal EOa via the EOa electrode EOBa connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB. .
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the electro-optic crystal EOa are transmitted to the steel SK connected to the receiver F TRX via the EOa electrode EOGa.
- the electric lines of force transmitted to the steel frame SK return to the transmitter return electrode ESG of the transmitter HTRX via the atmosphere.
- the human body H B can not touch the steel frame SK! Since it is installed inside the wall at the / position, there is no danger that the signal transmission path will be short-circuited when the human body HB touches the steel SK, which is the return electrode.
- the receiver FTRX obtains the modulated signal used by the transmitter HT RX for transmitting data from the potential difference using the optical measurement device DTa.
- the receiver FTRX demodulates the obtained modulated signal using the demodulator DCa, the data transmitted by the transmitter HTRX is obtained.
- the obtained data is stored in the micro computer of the receiver FTRX. Entered in C2.
- the signal input to the microcomputer MC2 is output to the interface IF. After the signal input to the interface IF is output from the interface IF, the signal is output to the Internet via the gateway GW.
- the human body HB touches the steel SK that has established the return transmission path.
- the communication can be prevented from being interrupted.
- the receiving-side return electrode ERG since it is not necessary to install the receiving-side return electrode ERG in the room as in the second embodiment, the installation of the room is easier than in the second embodiment, and the view of the room is not spoiled. .
- FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a communication system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the communication system described in the second embodiment is installed in a building having a plurality of floors.
- the illustration of the gateway GW and the Internet I NET is omitted.
- the building BL is a building having three floors, and a communication unit CPn and a receiving-side feedback electrode ERGn are installed in a room RMn on each floor (where n is an integer indicating the floor).
- the receiver FTRXn (n is an integer indicating the floor) built in the communication unit CP n provided on each floor is connected to the gateway GW.
- the gateway GW is connected to the Internet I NET to which a communication device (not shown) is connected, as in the second embodiment.
- the GND (ground) of the receiver FTRXn built in the communication unit CP n on each floor is connected to the receiving side return electrode ERG n installed on the ceiling of the room RMn.
- Each person on each floor has a transmitter HTRXn ( n is an integer indicating the floor).
- the lines of electric force spread along the human body HBn (n is an integer indicating the floor) and propagate to the receiving main electrode ERBn of the communication unit CP.
- the electric lines of force transmitted to the receiving-side main electrode ERBn are taken into the receiver FTRX, and transmitted to the electro-optic crystal EOa via the EOa electrode EOBa connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERBn.
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the electro-optic crystal EOa are transmitted to the receiving side return electrode ERGn installed in the communication unit CPn via the EOa electrode EOGa.
- the lines of electric force transmitted to the receiving return electrode ERGn return to the transmitting return electrode ESG of the transmitter HT RX via the atmosphere. Since the receiving-side return electrode ERGn is installed on the ceiling where the human body HB does not touch, there is no danger that the signal transmission path will be short-circuited when the human body HBn touches the receiving-side return electrode ERGn. ,.
- the transmitter HTRX2 possessed by the person on the second floor
- data transmitted by the transmitter HTRX2 is output from the microcomputer MC1 to the modulator EC1.
- the modulator EC1 modulates a carrier having a frequency of several tens of kHz or more, which shows good conductivity by the human body, using the signal.
- the transmitter HTRX2 amplifies the modulated signal with the transmission amplifier of the modulator EC1, and then generates a potential difference between the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG based on the amplified signal. And apply an electric field to the human body HB2.
- the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal E Oa changes according to the potential difference.
- the change in the refractive index of the electro-optic crystal E O a is measured by the photometer DT a and converted into an electric signal.
- the change in the refractive index is based on the change in the electric field, and the change in the electric signal is based on the signal modulated by the transmitter HTRX 2 that emits the electric field.
- the converted electric signal is output from the optical measurement device DTa and input to the demodulation device DCa.
- the demodulation device DCa the signal output from the optical measurement device DTa is demodulated, and the signal output from the microcomputer MC1 of the transmitter HTRX2 is restored.
- the signal demodulated by the demodulator DCa is output from the demodulator DCa, and the receiver FTRX 2 is input to the microcomputer MC2.
- the signal input to the microcomputer MC2 is output to the interface IF.
- the signal input to the interface IF is output from the interface IF and then sent to a communication device connected to the Internet I NET via the gateway GW.
- the transmitter HTRX n of the person on each floor has the communication unit CP n and the receiving side return electrode ERG n of the floor where the transmitter H TRXn exists.
- the communication system provided for each floor can operate independently, because communication is performed between users. [10. Modifications]
- the receiving-side return electrode ERG of the receiver FTRX is installed on the ceiling, but the installation location is not limited to the ceiling.
- the “wrap around” part of the wall (reception side return electrode MG), the “long press” part of the wall (reception side return electrode NG), and the “baseboard” part of the wall (reception side return electrode) Electrodes KG, etc. may not be in contact with the human body HB, and may be anywhere else.
- the carpet mat is installed on the upper surface of the receiving-side main electrode ERB.
- the device installed on the upper surface of the receiving-side main electrode ERB is not limited to this. Even artificial turf or rubber mats are good.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the function of the transmitter H TRX is added to the electric device A PPTRX.
- the electric device APPTRX is, for example, an electronic device such as a television, a radio, and a personal computer, and has a microcomputer and a modulation device, like the transmitter HTRX. This modulator is connected to the transmitting main electrode AB.
- the GND (ground) of the electrical device APPTRX is connected to the receiving-side return electrode AG.
- the surfaces of the transmitting main electrode AB and the receiving return electrode AG are both Covered with rim.
- this electric device A PPTRX In the case of this electric device A PPTRX, by placing the electric device AP PTRX on the communication unit CP, the transmitting main electrode AB of the electric device A PPTRX and the receiving main electrode ERB of the communication unit CP are connected. Opposing, it is possible to perform communication using an electric field. As a result, the electric device APPTRX can communicate with a communication device connected to the Internet I NET via the gateway GW.
- the electric device APPTRX and the communication device FTRX in the communication unit CP communicate in this manner, the frequency of the carrier wave used to generate the electric field is changed because the human body HB is not used as a transmission path. However, the human body HB exhibits good conductivity. It is not necessary to limit the range to several tens of kHz or more. That is, a carrier having a carrier frequency lower than the above range may be used.
- the receiving side main electrode ERB n and the receiving side return electrode installed on the ceiling of the floor immediately below the receiving side main electrode ERB n are installed. Coupling may occur with ERG (n-1).
- the insulator INS of the communication unit CP n on each floor is made thicker, and an insulator is inserted between the receiving side return electrode ERG ⁇ installed on the ceiling of each floor and the ceiling. Is also good. According to such an embodiment, it is possible to reduce the possibility that coupling occurs between the reception-side main electrode ERBn and the reception-side return electrode ERG (n-1).
- the receiving-side return electrode ERGn is provided for each floor, but as shown in FIG. 41, the steel frame SK constituting the building BL is connected to the receiving-side returning electrode ERG. It may be a substitute. According to this aspect, since the return electrode is not provided for each room, it is possible to easily install the communication system.
- the transmitter HTRX and the receiver FTRX can use a plurality of carrier frequencies, it is possible to increase the number of transmitters HT RX that can communicate with one communication unit CP. (Modification 7)
- the transmission-side main electrode ESB of the transmitter HTRX is in contact with the human body HB, but may be on clothes or have a slight space.
- the transceiver integrating the functions of the transmitter and the receiver described above may be mounted on the human body HB or incorporated in the communication unit CP.
- the transceiver may have a main electrode in which the transmission-side main electrode and the reception-side main electrode are integrated, and may have a feedback electrode in which the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side return electrode are integrated.
- the transmitter / receiver may have a configuration in which the transmission-side main electrode and the reception-side main electrode or the transmission-side feedback electrode and the reception-side feedback electrode are separately provided. According to such an embodiment, it is possible to perform bidirectional communication between the communication device mounted on the human body HB and the communication device built in the communication unit CP.
- a router function may be provided.
- a transmitter may be arranged in the communication unit and a receiver may be arranged in the human body.
- the transmitting-side main electrode of the transmitter is arranged on the upper surface of the communication unit, and the transmitting-side return electrode of the transmitter is arranged on a ceiling where the human body does not touch.
- the transmission side return electrode ESG When a transmitter / receiver that integrates the functions of the transmitter and receiver is built in the communication unit CP, as shown in Fig. 42, the transmission side return electrode ESG is placed on the ceiling, the reception side return electrode is used as the reception side, The return electrode NG may be installed in the long pressing part of the room. Needless to say, the positions of the transmission-side return electrode ESG and the reception-side return electrode ERG may be wrapped around and placed on a baseboard in addition to the positions described above. Further, the transmission-side return electrode ESG and the reception-side return electrode ERG may be arranged in the same part of the same room.
- the transmission-side return electrode ESG may be arranged on the side surface of the communication unit CP, and the reception-side return electrode ERG may be arranged on the ceiling.
- the receiving-side return electrode may be wrapped around, long-pressed, or placed on a baseboard.
- a steel frame constituting the room RM is used as a return electrode on the receiving side.
- a return electrode may be used.
- the steel frame When a steel frame constituting the room RM is used as an electrode, the steel frame may be used as a transmission-side feedback electrode of a transceiver built in the communication unit CP, or a transmission-side feedback electrode and a reception-side feedback electrode. May be integrated.
- the transmitter feedback electrode ESG is placed on the side of the insulator INS, and the transmitter The receiving side return electrode ERG may be arranged on a side surface orthogonal to the side surface on which the return electrode ESG is arranged. Further, as shown in FIG. 45, the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG and the reception-side feedback electrode ERG may be arranged so as to surround the side surface of the insulator INS.
- the transmission-side return electrode ESG of the communication device HT RX is grounded to GND, and the reception-side return electrode E RG provided on the ceiling or the side wall is provided. GND (Durand) potential is applied to the power supply.
- GND Danand
- a stable potential may be applied to the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG and the reception-side feedback electrode ERG. Therefore, for example, the transmission-side return electrode ESG and the reception-side return electrode ERG are individually connected to the low-impedance signal sources, such as the chassis CS 1 and CS 2 and the positive and negative power supplies that supply the same stable potential. It may be.
- Communication can be performed even when the same stable potential is not applied to the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG and the reception-side feedback electrode ERG.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode ESG does not need to be connected to any deviation.
- the electrodes FG are provided on both side surfaces in the longitudinal direction of the communication unit TMA.
- the receiving-side return electrode ERG may be provided on only one of the side surfaces.
- the communication unit CP, the communication unit TCP, and the communication unit TMA are all rectangular, but the shape of each communication unit is rectangular. It is not limited. The shape may be a polygon other than a circle, an ellipse, and a rectangle.
- each communication unit and the receiving-side return electrode ERG are installed in a room that is a building, but each communication unit and the return electrode are installed only in the room. is not.
- Each communication unit return electrode can be installed on structures such as trains, ships and airplanes.
- the surface of the receiving-side main electrode ERB in contact with the human body HB is covered with the insulator.
- the transmission-side main electrode HSB and the reception-side main electrode ERB are usually made of a conductive material, and contain metal ions. Prolonged contact of human skin with substances containing metal ions can cause metal allergies.
- the surfaces of the transmission-side main electrode HSB and the reception-side main electrode ERB are covered with an insulator. Also, by covering the surfaces of the main electrode HSB on the transmitting side and the main electrode ERB on the receiving side with an insulating material, the human body HB is insulated from the transmitter HTRX and the receiver FTRX, and the effect of preventing electric shock etc. is there.
- the electrode for EOa EOBa and the electrode for EOa EOGa are desirably the same size as the bottom or top surface of the electro-optic crystal EOa or smaller than that, but are limited to such size It is not done.
- the shape of the electro-optic crystal EOa is not limited to a cylinder.
- the £ 3 electrode 06063 and the EOa electrode EOGa need only be disposed so as to sandwich the electro-optic crystal EOa, and need not necessarily be in contact with the electro-optic crystal EOa.
- the EOa electrode EOBa and the receiving main electrode ERB, and the EOa electrode EOGa and the receiving feedback electrode ERG need not necessarily be connected.
- the force feedback electrode described in the transmitter and the receiver having both the main electrode and the feedback electrode does not necessarily have to be installed.
- the transmission-side feedback electrode ERG is replaced by a grounded casing CS1
- the reception-side feedback electrode ERG of the receiver FTRX is removed and the EOa electrode EOGa is grounded.
- communication devices HTRX and FTRX in which the transmitter HT RX and the receiver FTRX having such a configuration are integrated may be used.
- the arrangement of the transmission-side main electrode ESB and the transmission-side return electrode ESG of the communication device H TRX is exchanged, while the arrangement of the reception-side main electrode ERB and the reception-side return electrode ERG of the communication device FTRX.
- the configuration may be such that the main electrode is provided on the ceiling and the return electrode is provided on the surface of the communication unit CP.
- a modulation / demodulation method such as FM irrespective of the polarity may be used, or a polarity inversion circuit may be provided in the communication device HTRX or the communication device FTRX.
- the casings CS1 and CS2 may have their surfaces covered with an insulator.
- the tile carpet CPE n has the shape of a tile carpet and is laid on the floor and installed.
- the tile carpet CP En incorporates the communication device F TRX in which the transmitter and the receiver described in the above embodiment are integrated.
- a main electrode FB is provided on the upper surface.
- the surface of the main electrode FB is covered with an insulating film.
- the return electrode WG provided on the side wall is connected to the communication device FT RX built in the Leukapet CP En.
- the electronic equipment APP is, for example, home electric appliances such as televisions and personal computers.
- This electronic device APP has a main electrode A PPB on the bottom surface and a return electrode APPG on the top surface.
- the surfaces of the main electrode AP PB and the return electrode AP PG are also covered with an insulating film.
- the tile carpet CP En has a communication control device CC UXn, a communication device FTRX, an actuator POSC, and a split switch FPSW.
- the electronic device APP has a control unit APPCU that controls each part of the electronic device APP, a communication device APPTRX, a split switch APSW, a rectifying circuit BRG, and a rechargeable battery BAT. .
- the communication control device C CUXn of the tile carpet C P En n shifts to the charging mode when receiving a command for shifting to the charging mode transmitted from the electronic device APP.
- the communication control device CC UXn sends a switching signal to the split switch FP SW, and connects both the split switches FP SW to the P side.
- the control unit APPCU connects both of the divided switches APSW to the P side.
- an operation button for operating the switching of the split switch FP SW is provided on the upper surface of the tile carpet CP En, and the user operates this operation button to move the split switch FP SW to the P side or D side. Side.
- the communication control device C CUX n generates an AC voltage for charging the electronic device APP from the oscillator P OSC. Thereby, an AC voltage is induced between the main electrode APPB and the return electrode A PPG of the electronic device APP via the main electrode FB and the return electrode WG. In the electronic device APP, this AC voltage is rectified by the rectifier circuit BRG to obtain a DC voltage, and the battery BAT is charged.
- the split switch FP SW of the tile power CP En and the split switch AP SW of the electronic device A PP are all connected to the D side. As a result, communication using an electric field is performed between the communication device FT RX and the communication device APPTR RX.
- FIG. 48 shows an example of switching operation of the split switches FP SW and AP SW in such a case.
- D indicates a case where all the switches of the division switches FPSW and APSW are connected to the D side and the communication mode is set.
- P indicates a case where all the switches of the division switches FPSW and APSW are connected to the P side and the charging mode is set.
- the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates electric field strength.
- the charging mode and the communication mode can be performed simultaneously by making the frequency band P of the AC voltage used for charging different from the frequency band D of the carrier used for communication. it can.
- the horizontal axis indicates frequency
- the vertical axis indicates electric field strength.
- the charging AC voltage (frequency band P) supplied from the oscillator P OSC and the communication AC voltage (frequency band D) supplied from the communication device FTRX are combined to form the main electrode. It is necessary to provide a circuit to apply between FB and feedback electrode WG.
- the AC voltage component for charging and the AC voltage component for communication are separated from the AC voltage induced between the main electrode APPB and the return electrode APPG, and the It is necessary to provide a circuit that outputs the AC voltage component to the rectifier circuit BRG and the AC voltage component for communication to the communication device A PPT RX.
- the electronic device APP determines whether the location where the electronic device APP is placed or not is on a rechargeable tile pet CPEn, or a tile car capable of communication. It is possible to determine whether or not the force is above the CP En.
- a primary coil is provided in place of the return electrode WG and the main electrode FB, and a secondary coil is provided in place of the main electrode APPB and the return electrode APPG.
- a configuration in which a coil is provided may be employed. Even in this case, an AC voltage is induced in the secondary coil by the mutual induction action. in this case, The primary coil is provided near the top surface of the tile carpet CPEn, and the secondary coil is provided near the bottom surface of the electronic device APP.
- the primary coil and the secondary coil are placed on top of each other so that the positions of the primary coil and the secondary coil overlap exactly. It is recommended that a line ⁇ ⁇ surrounding the charging space, a mark for alignment, etc. be written.
- the tile force is one.
- the communication control device CCUXn and the communication device FTRX in the CPEn and the electronic device APP may be configured to perform control as described below. That is, the communication control device CCUXn
- the control device causes the communication device FTRX to periodically transmit a notification signal to notify the presence of CCUX n.In the electronic device APP, the communication device is based on the measurement result of the potential difference between the main electrode A PPB and the return electrode APPG. While the data transmitted from the FTRX is demodulated and the above notification signal is received without interruption for a predetermined time interval or longer, a message or a mark indicating that the electronic device APP is in the communication service area. Is displayed on the display screen.
- the communication control device CCUXn notifies the charge control that the tile carpet CPE n can be charged.
- the information is added to the above notification signal and transmitted from the communication device FTRX periodically.
- the electronic device APP is a tile carpet that can be charged by the electronic device APP while receiving the notification signal to which the charging notification information is added without interruption for a predetermined time interval or more.
- a message or mark indicating that you are over CPE n is displayed on the display screen.
- FIGS. 50 and 51 are diagrams showing examples of screen display of the electronic device APP according to the present modification.
- the display screen DP of the electronic device APP has a charging mark MK1 indicating that charging is possible and an electric field as shown in Fig. 50.
- reception intensity level field intensity mark MK 2 are shown by the number of the plurality of waves, '[pi Eria JOURNAL known marks MK 3 indicating the communication services within area ⁇ appears electronic equipment a ro-ro communication services Outside the area
- the charge mark MK1 and the electric field strength mark MK2 are not displayed on the display screen DP of the electronic device APP as shown in FIG. 51, and the error notification mark MK indicating that the mobile phone is outside the communication service area. Only 3 is displayed.
- the contents may be notified to the user by a voice message or the like. Further, the contents of the present modification can be applied to the communication device HTRX mounted on the human body HB.
- FIG. 52 shows a block diagram of the electric field communication device T Xa having the polarity inversion circuit.
- HB is the human body.
- TXa is a transmitter, and RXa is a receiver.
- TXb and RXa have a pair of electrodes outside their housing.
- the RXB is installed so that the other electrodes TXG and RXG are open to the surrounding space outside the human body, facing the human body.
- TXa transmits a signal by applying a modulated voltage between the electrodes TXB and TXG using the transmission block TBK.
- RXa uses electrode R
- Figure 53 shows the signal output from the detection block RBK when the polarity is not inverted and when the signal polarity is inverted.
- the communication
- Figure 53 shows the 10 BASE-2 frame
- the preamble section is sent before the system.
- a 10 BASE-2 Ethernet frame "10" is repeated 31 times as a preamble before the frame, and then "1 1" is sent. Following this “1 1”, the Ethernet frame itself follows.
- the upper part of FIG. 53 shows the case where the polarity of the preamble part is correct, and the lower part of FIG. 53 shows the case where the polarity of the preamble part is reversed.
- 10BASE-2 originally uses the Mantiester coding method, for the sake of simplicity, in the example of FIG. 53, a code expression in which “1” is a negative voltage and “0” is a positive voltage is used. I have.
- the signal output from the detection block RBK is input to the demodulation unit DCb of RXa.
- the demodulation section D Cb of RXa has a signal preamble detection section and performs the processing shown in FIG.
- the demodulation section DCb detects the preamble section.
- the detection of the preamble portion is performed by detecting that the “10” or “01” force is repeated a predetermined number of times.
- it is assumed that the preamble is a preamble, and waits for the last “11” or “00” to be sent.
- the demodulation unit D Cb demodulates without changing the polarity of the subsequent Ethernet frame because the preamble has the correct polarity.
- the demodulator D Cb demodulates the following Ethernet frame by inverting the polarity of the subsequent Ethernet frame because the preamble has the inverted polarity.
- the polarity of the entire Ethernet frame is taken into the demodulation unit DCb and then the polarity is inverted, but the polarity may be inverted bit by bit until the end of the Ethernet frame.
- inverted and non-inverted states of the pole are reset each time the analysis of one frame is completed. Set. This makes it possible to cope with an inversion state between a plurality of transmission / reception devices having different installation states.
- the polarity may be inverted.
- the polarity of the subsequent bits may be inverted using an inversion circuit RV.
- FIG. 55 is a block diagram of an electric field communication device RXb having another polarity reversing device.
- FIG. 56 shows a flowchart of the processing performed by the electric field communication device RXb.
- the memory MM and the inverting circuit RV are installed in the demodulator DCc.
- the electric field communication device RXb clears the memory MM and prepares to receive an Ethernet frame.
- the demodulator DC c periodically determines whether the input signal has the beginning of the Ethernet frame.
- the demodulator DCc performs demodulation while storing the frame input from the detection block RBk in the memory MM. If the demodulation is performed normally, the demodulator DCc outputs the demodulation result, the contents of the memory MM are discarded, and the analysis proceeds to the next frame.
- the demodulator DCc performs the demodulation process again while reading out the contents of the memory MM while inverting the polarity through the inverting circuit RV. If the demodulation is performed normally, the demodulation result is output, the contents of the memory MM are discarded, and the process moves to the next frame.
- the inversion and non-inversion states of the frame polarity are reset each time the analysis of one frame is completed. This makes it possible to cope with the inversion state between a plurality of transceivers in different installation states.
- FIG. 57 is a block diagram of an electric field communication device R Xc having still another polarity reversing device.
- this electric field communication device RXc two demodulators (DCd, DCe) are installed in parallel, and the input of DT2 is inverted by an inverting circuit RV.
- Each of the two demodulators analyzes the input frame. Ideal for frame analysis If successful, output the analysis results.
- the outputs of the two demodulators are combined and output by the integrated demodulator DTT.
- FIG. 58 is a perspective view illustrating the appearance of the communication unit TCPa.
- the communication unit according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention includes a communication unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. This is different from the above in that the receiving-side return electrode ERG is integrated with the four sides of the communication unit.
- the other configuration and the communication method of the communication unit according to the ninth embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment, and thus description thereof will be omitted.
- the optimal grid width and the spacing between the grids vary depending on the object (human body or other equipment) in contact with the upper surface, but are approximately 1 cm (grid width) and several centimeters (intergrid spacing).
- the method of coupling the electric field between the communication unit and the transmitting device provided on the dielectric is as shown in FIG.
- the receiving-side main electrode ERB in the lattice portion is coupled to the main electrode ESB of the transmitting device using the human body as a signal path, as in the above-described embodiment.
- the receiving side return electrode ERG is coupled to the feedback electrode ESG of the transmitting device through the lattice of the receiving side main electrode ERB. Due to such a lattice, the coupling on the feedback electrode side is softer than in the case where the lattice is not formed. This coupling is effective especially when the size of the communication cut is increased.
- the receiving unit main electrode ERB of the communication unit is not only a lattice structure but also a mesh structure or a perforated structure that has a space between the electrode parts. I can do it.
- FIG. 60 is a diagram illustrating the tenth embodiment.
- the communication unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention is used by connecting the reception feedback electrode ERG and the reception main electrode ERB which are changed.
- the receiving-side main electrode ERB of the communication unit TCP1 is connected to the receiving-side return electrode ERG of the adjacent communication unit TCP2.
- the receiving-side return electrode ERG of the communication unit TCP1 is connected to the receiving-side main electrode ERB of the adjacent communication unit TCP2.
- the receiving main electrode ERB on the upper part of the surrounding communication unit functions as the receiving feedback electrode ERG of the communication unit TCP 1, so that the coupling of the feedback signal path is made smoother. be able to.
- the receiving side return electrode ERG of the communication unit may be buried under the floor, and the coupling of the return side signal path may be weakened.
- FIG. 61 is a diagram illustrating a case where a communication unit is connected to a communication unit that is separated by one.
- the receiving feedback electrode ERG is connected to the receiving main electrode ERB of the communication unit one distance away, and the receiving main electrode ERB is connected to the communication unit of the remote unit. It is connected to the receiving return electrode ERG.
- the communication units to be interconnected are not one-to-one, but may be connected between a plurality of communication units.
- four groups can fill the entire floor.
- the right side of Figure 62 shows the arrangement of communication units in each group when the floor is filled with communication units consisting of one group from A to D.
- the left side of Fig. 62 shows the connection status between the communication units in this case.
- the receiving-side return electrode placed around the communication unit, on the wall, or on the ceiling may be scattered, but if it is installed, it can be used as an auxiliary electrode.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/521,602 US7860455B2 (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2003-07-17 | Electronic communications system, apparatus and electrode layout method |
CN038221314A CN1682473B (zh) | 2002-07-18 | 2003-07-17 | 电子通信系统和装置 |
DE60334384T DE60334384D1 (de) | 2002-07-18 | 2003-07-17 | Empfänger und system zur kommunikation über ein elektrisches feld |
JP2004522745A JP3962058B2 (ja) | 2002-07-18 | 2003-07-17 | 電界通信システムおよび電界通信装置 |
EP03741454A EP1533922B1 (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2003-07-17 | Receiver and system for electric-field communications |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002210050 | 2002-07-18 | ||
JP2002-210050 | 2002-07-18 | ||
JP2002-210049 | 2002-07-18 | ||
JP2002-210051 | 2002-07-18 | ||
JP2002210049 | 2002-07-18 | ||
JP2002210051 | 2002-07-18 |
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WO2004010618A1 true WO2004010618A1 (ja) | 2004-01-29 |
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PCT/JP2003/009081 WO2004010618A1 (ja) | 2002-07-18 | 2003-07-17 | 電界通信システムおよび電界通信装置、および電極配置方法 |
Country Status (8)
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US (1) | US7860455B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1533922B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3962058B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100703767B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1682473B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60334384D1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI231109B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004010618A1 (ja) |
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KR20050025622A (ko) | 2005-03-14 |
TWI231109B (en) | 2005-04-11 |
CN1682473B (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
CN1682473A (zh) | 2005-10-12 |
DE60334384D1 (de) | 2010-11-11 |
KR100703767B1 (ko) | 2007-04-06 |
EP1533922A1 (en) | 2005-05-25 |
JP3962058B2 (ja) | 2007-08-22 |
TW200402954A (en) | 2004-02-16 |
EP1533922B1 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
US7860455B2 (en) | 2010-12-28 |
JPWO2004010618A1 (ja) | 2005-11-17 |
US20060153109A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
EP1533922A4 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
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