WO2003065522A1 - Non-polarization light source device and raman amplifier - Google Patents
Non-polarization light source device and raman amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003065522A1 WO2003065522A1 PCT/JP2003/000729 JP0300729W WO03065522A1 WO 2003065522 A1 WO2003065522 A1 WO 2003065522A1 JP 0300729 W JP0300729 W JP 0300729W WO 03065522 A1 WO03065522 A1 WO 03065522A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
- H01S3/302—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094073—Non-polarized pump, e.g. depolarizing the pump light for Raman lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/14—External cavity lasers
- H01S5/146—External cavity lasers using a fiber as external cavity
Definitions
- the present invention provides a non-polarized light source device that outputs depolarized light, a non-polarized light source device using the non-polarized light source device as an excitation light source, and a polarization-independent light that amplifies signal light propagating through an optical fiber by a Raman amplification effect.
- a Raman amplification effect e.g., Type Raman amplifier.
- An optical communication system using Raman amplification can compensate distributionally the loss that occurs in an optical fiber transmission line and optical components on the optical fiber transmission line by Raman gain on the optical fiber transmission line. Therefore, compared with an optical amplification transmission system using only lumped optical amplifiers, the optical signal-to-noise ratio during transmission can be reduced and the relay interval can be increased.
- Raman amplification has a problem that polarization dependence is large. In order to solve this, it is effective to depolarize the excitation light.
- a method of depolarizing the pump light for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-151507 “Optical transmission system”
- a method using a wave dispersion device for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-254646 "Laser Diode Module and Deborrizer" is known.
- This semiconductor laser module (LD) has a center wavelength of 1430 nm, an optical spectrum envelope full width at half maximum of 145 GHz, an LD element vertical mode interval of 33 GHz, and an LD element vertical mode full width at half maximum of 10 GHz. GHz.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and when used as an excitation light source, the number of the excitation light sources is reduced, and the optical path difference given to the two polarization modes of the excitation light is shorter than the coherent length.
- the objective is to obtain a stable Raman amplifier whose Raman gain does not depend on the polarization of signal light by using a practical non-polarized light source device that is suppressed and the non-polarized light source device as an excitation light source. Disclosure of the invention
- a non-polarized light source device includes: a laser light source that outputs substantially linearly polarized light having a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals; and an output light having a polarization axis of the laser light source.
- the laser light source is coupled so as to have an angle of substantially 45 degrees with respect to the polarization axis, and the output light of the laser light source has a mode spacing angular frequency in the vicinity of (2 ⁇ / ⁇ ).
- Polarization dispersion device that gives polarization dispersion amount avoiding And is provided.
- substantially linearly polarized light having a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals is output from the laser light source.
- the output light of the laser light source is coupled to the polarization dispersion device such that its polarization axis has an angle of substantially 45 degrees with the polarization axis of the polarization dispersion device.
- the mode interval angular frequency of the output light from the light source is ⁇
- the amount of polarization dispersion that avoids the vicinity of (2 ⁇ / ⁇ ) is given.
- a non-polarized light source device is a laser light source that outputs substantially linearly polarized light having a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals, and an output light having a polarization axis of the laser light source.
- the laser light source is coupled so as to have an angle of substantially 45 degrees with the polarization axis, and the output light of the laser light source is angled with respect to the mode interval angular frequency ⁇ and the center circumferential angular frequency ⁇ c.
- Relative angular frequency of frequency ⁇ ⁇ ' ⁇ - ⁇ c
- a polarization dispersion device that gives a polarization dispersion amount ⁇ such that the degree of polarization (DOP) represented by is equal to or less than 0.5.
- substantially linearly polarized light having a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals is output from the laser light source.
- the output light of the laser light source is coupled to the polarization dispersion device such that its polarization axis has an angle of substantially 45 degrees with the polarization axis of the polarization dispersion device.
- ⁇ ( ⁇ ') that represents the spectral shape of the output light relative to the angular frequency ⁇ ′ of the angular frequency ⁇ with respect to the center interval angular frequency ⁇ c and the central angular frequency ⁇ c
- ⁇ ′ ⁇ — ⁇ c , 1 + A (n. ⁇ ) 2 c. s (n ⁇ ⁇ . ⁇ ) ⁇
- the laser light source is a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser.
- the Fabry-Perot type laser light source is used.
- the non-polarized light source device is the non-polarized light source device according to the above invention, wherein a part of the output light of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser is selectively provided between the Fabry-Perot type semiconductor laser and the polarization dispersion device.
- a reflector that reflects light to form an external resonator is provided.
- the reflector provided between the Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser and the polarization dispersion device selectively reflects a part of the output light of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser to form an external resonator. Is configured.
- a non-polarized light source device is characterized in that, in the above invention, a polarization maintaining optical fiber is used instead of the polarization dispersion device.
- a polarization maintaining optical fiber is used instead of the polarization dispersion device.
- the non-polarized light source device comprises: two laser light sources that output substantially linearly polarized light having a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals; and the two laser light sources.
- Polarization combining means for combining the output light of the laser light with the polarization combining means such that a polarization axis has an angle of substantially 45 degrees with the output light polarization axis of the laser light source;
- ⁇ ( ⁇ ') representing the spectrum shape
- DOP degree of polarization
- the non-polarized light source device is the above-mentioned invention, wherein the output light of each of the two Fabry-Perot semiconductor lasers is provided between the two Fabry-Perot type semiconductor lasers and the polarization dispersion device. It is characterized in that two reflectors are provided which selectively reflect a part of the external resonator to form an external resonator.
- two Fabry-Perot semiconductor lasers are provided.
- a non-polarized light source device is characterized in that, in the above invention, a polarization maintaining optical fiber is used instead of the polarization dispersion device.
- a polarization maintaining optical fiber is used instead of the polarization dispersion device.
- the Raman amplifier according to the next invention is an optical fiber that is a Raman amplification medium through which signal light propagates, and the non-polarized light source device according to any one of the above inventions, which generates pump light in a wavelength range that gives Raman gain to the signal light. And an injection means for injecting the excitation light into the optical fiber.
- the non-polarized light source device is used to generate pump light in a wavelength range that provides Raman gain to signal light.
- This pumping light is injected into an optical fiber as a Raman amplification medium by an injection means.
- the Raman amplifier according to the next invention is a Raman amplifier comprising: a first and a second optical fiber that are Raman amplification media through which signal light propagates; and a pump light in a wavelength range that provides Raman gain to the signal light.
- the first and second non-polarized light source devices each including the unpolarized light source device according to any one of the above-described inventions generate excitation light in a wavelength range that gives Raman gain to the signal light.
- the output light of the first unpolarized light source device is injected into the first optical fiber that is a Raman amplification medium by the first injection means, and the output light of the second non-polarized light source device is the Raman amplification medium by the second injection means. Injected into the second optical fiber.
- a Raman amplifier according to the next invention is an optical fiber that is a Raman width medium through which signal light propagates, and the non-polarized light source device according to any one of the above inventions, wherein the signal light is excited in a wavelength range that gives Raman gain to the signal light.
- a plurality of non-polarized light source devices for generating light with different center wavelengths from each other; and a wavelength combining / injecting unit for combining wavelengths of output lights of the plurality of non-polarized light source devices and injecting them into the optical fiber. It is characterized by.
- a plurality of the non-polarized light source devices are used for generating pump lights in a wavelength range that gives Raman gain to signal light with different center wavelengths.
- Output lights of a plurality of non-polarized light source devices having different center wavelengths are wavelength-synthesized by wavelength synthesizing and injecting means and injected into an optical fiber as a Raman amplification medium.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a non-polarized light source device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a laser beam and a polarization dispersion data at a 45-degree connection point shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a detailed diagram showing the relationship between the device and the polarization axis
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the output light spectrum of the laser light source shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 is a fiber streak for wavelength stabilization.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a spectrum of output light of a semiconductor laser module having an external resonator provided with a single-unit
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a spectrum of output light of a semiconductor laser module having an external resonator provided with a single-unit
- FIG. 5 shows the amount of polarization dispersion given by the polarization dispersion device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the degrees of polarization (DOP)
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the Raman amplifier in state 4, and
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the polarization dispersion ⁇ and the polarization degree
- FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between D ⁇ P) and polarization dependency (PDG) of Raman amplification gain.
- FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between D ⁇ P) and polarization dependency (PDG) of Raman amplification gain.
- FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between D ⁇ P) and polarization dependency
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a non-polarized light source device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to a seventh embodiment
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention. is there. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a non-polarized light source device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the non-polarized light source device according to the first embodiment includes a laser light source 1 that outputs substantially linearly polarized light, and an output light of the laser light source 1 passing through a connection point 2 at 45 degrees.
- the polarization-dispersion device 3 receives the polarized light and outputs the unpolarized light from the polarization-dispersion device 3.
- FIG. 2 is a detailed diagram showing the relationship between the laser beam and the polarization axis of the polarization dispersion device 3 at the 45-degree connection point 2 shown in FIG.
- the incident light 101 from the laser light source 1 is shifted from the polarization axis 104 of the polarization dispersion device 3 to the axis 1 of the linear polarization.
- Rotation is performed by rotating the axis 103 of the linear polarization so that 03 becomes a polarization angle 105 of 45 degrees.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an output light spectrum of the laser light source 1 shown in FIG. No.
- the horizontal axis is the angular frequency ⁇
- the vertical axis is the light intensity A (I ⁇ ′ ⁇ ) 2 .
- the output light of the laser light source 1 has a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals ⁇ on both sides of the central angular frequency ⁇ c.
- the electric field intensity distribution of these mode components is represented as a spectrum-shaped function A (I ⁇ 'I).
- Figure 3 vertical
- the axis is represented by A (
- the output light spectrum of a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser typically used as a Raman excitation light source has a spectrum shape as shown in Fig. 3 and angular frequencies are arranged at substantially equal intervals. It is composed of a plurality of mode components.
- the angular frequency interval ⁇ corresponds to the longitudinal mode interval of the semiconductor laser device. That is, a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser is specifically used as the laser light source 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a spectrum of output light of a semiconductor laser module including a fiber grating for wavelength stabilization and constituting an external resonator. This semiconductor laser module is typically used for Raman amplification of 1.55 ⁇ m wavelength signal light, and the spectral shape of the output light is a good approximation by expressing the following equation (1). .
- the electric field intensity is expressed by the following equation (2). pOwt) + jk. ⁇
- Equation (2) x and y represent two orthogonal axes having a 45-degree inclination with respect to the axis of linear polarization.
- E x (t) and E y (t) are the electric field strength of each axis component.
- j is the imaginary unit, E. Is the electric field strength at the central angular frequency, and ⁇ , ⁇ - k are the initial phases of each component.
- the polarization dispersion device 3 calculates the amount of polarization dispersion in which the incident light 101 from the laser light source 1 avoids the vicinity of ( ⁇ ). gives a time delay between the two polarization components due to the amount of polarization dispersion. — ⁇ ⁇ -
- the amount of polarization dispersion is specifically determined as follows. That is, the electric field strength of the outgoing light 102 to which the polarization dispersion amount ⁇ is given by the polarization dispersion device 3 can be expressed as ⁇ ⁇ (t), E y (t + ⁇ ).
- the degree of polarization (DOP) is expressed by the following equation (3).
- S., S 2 , and S 3 are Stokes parameters representing the polarization state, and are expressed by the following equations (4), (5), (6), and (7), respectively. ..> Represents a time average, and E * x and E * y represent complex conjugates.
- Equation (3) can be rearranged using equations (4), (5), (6), and (7) into equation (8):
- FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount of polarization dispersion ⁇ provided by the polarization dispersion device 3 and the degree of polarization (DOP).
- the horizontal axis is the amount of polarization dispersion (PMD) ⁇ [ps]
- the vertical axis is the degree of polarization (DOP) [dB].
- a characteristic curve 21 indicated by a solid line is a plot of the calculated degree of polarization (DOP) of equation (8) when the spectrum shape of the output light of laser light source 1 is expressed by equation (1). It was done.
- the characteristic values indicated by squares indicate the measured values of the degree of polarization (DOP).
- the measured value when the amount of polarization dispersion is around 30 ps has a peak similar to the calculated value of equation (8), assuming coherence. This indicates that the coherence of the longitudinal mode light of the laser element is not lost.
- the amount of polarization dispersion that gives the optical path difference corresponding to the coherent length of about 2 cm in the longitudinal mode with a full width at half maximum of 10 GHz is 100 ps, but even a much smaller polarization dispersion ⁇
- DOP degree of polarization
- depolarization is possible with a polarization dispersion of about 10 to 20 ps.
- This amount of polarization dispersion of about 10 to 20 ps is at most about 20 m when the length of a typical polarization maintaining fiber is used. This is a short fiber length enough to withstand practical use in terms of the amount of light loss in the polarization maintaining fiber and the cost and mounting volume.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the signal light propagates from the input end 61 to the output end 62 in the optical fiber 7 which is a Raman amplification medium.
- the pumping light from the light pumping light source 5 is injected as Raman pumping light from the combiner 6 into the optical fiber 7 in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the signal light.
- the non-polarized light excitation light source 5 is a non-polarized light source device having the configuration shown in FIG. 1, as indicated by the same reference numerals. Therefore, the optical fiber 7 has no polarization. Since the pumping light is injected, the polarization dependence of the Raman amplification gain in the optical fiber 7 can be reduced.
- the combiner 6 for example, an optical fiber fusion-stretched WDM force bra that synthesizes by utilizing the difference in wavelength between signal light and pump light, or a filter using a dielectric film may be used. it can.
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Note that, in FIG. 7, the same reference numerals are given to configurations that are the same as or equivalent to the configurations shown in FIG.
- a non-polarization pump light source 51 is provided instead of the non-polarization pump light source 5 shown in FIG.
- the non-polarization pumping light source 51 uses the Fabry-Perot type semiconductor laser 11 as the laser light source 1 in the non-polarization light source device shown in FIG. Since polarization-free pump light is used as in the second embodiment, the polarization dependence of the Raman amplification gain in the optical fiber 7 can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- components that are the same as or equivalent to the components shown in FIG. 7 are given the same reference numerals.
- a non-polarization pump light source 52 is provided instead of the non-polarization pump light source 51 shown in FIG.
- a reflector 12 is provided between a Fabry-Perot type semiconductor laser 11 as the laser light source 1 shown in FIG.
- the reflector 12 reflects a part of the output light of the Fabry-Perot-type semiconductor laser 11 in a wavelength-selective manner, and in combination with the Fabry-Perot-type semiconductor laser 11, constitutes an external resonator.
- the oscillation wavelength of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser 11 can be fixed to the stable reflection wavelength of the reflector 12, and the center of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser 11 can be fixed.
- the effect that the wavelength fluctuates due to temperature and other driving conditions can be suppressed to a small value. This is an advantage that the disadvantage caused by the increase in the number of parts can be sufficiently compensated.
- the characteristic diagram of FIG. 4 described above is an optical spectrum when a fiber grating is used as the reflector 12.
- an etalon filter, a grating (diffraction grating) of a bulk component, or the like can be used in the same manner.
- Fig. 9 shows the relationship between the amount of polarization dispersion ⁇ given by the polarization dispersion device 3 in the non-polarization pumping light source 52 shown in Fig. 8, the degree of polarization (DOP), and the polarization dependence (PDG) of the Raman amplification gain.
- FIG. The horizontal axis is the amount of polarization dispersion (PMD) [ps]
- the vertical axis is the degree of polarization (DOP) [dB].
- a characteristic curve 22 indicated by a solid line represents a calculated value of the degree of polarization (DOP) of the equation (8) when the spectrum shape of the output light of the Fabry-Perot type semiconductor laser 11 is expressed by the equation (1). It is a plot.
- the special character indicated by the square indicates the measured value of the degree of polarization (DOP).
- the characteristic values indicated by triangles are measured values of the polarization dependence (PDG) of the Raman width gain.
- the measured value of the polarization dependency (PDG) of the Raman amplification gain when the amount of polarization dispersion ⁇ is around 30 ps is similar to the calculated value of equation (8), assuming coherence.
- the polarization dispersion ⁇ given by the polarization dispersion device 3 is appropriately set within a range of the optical path difference shorter than the coherent length of the non-polarized light pumping light source 52. By doing so, depolarization of the excitation light can be realized. As a result, the polarization dependence of the Raman gain can be reduced.
- the polarization dispersion device 3 may be a device that separates two polarization components and actually gives an optical path difference, and may use a polarization maintaining optical fiber or a crystal having birefringence characteristics. May be.
- FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Note that, in FIG. 10, the same or similar components as those shown in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a non-polarization pump light source 53 is provided instead of the non-polarization pump light source 52 shown in FIG.
- a polarization maintaining fiber 31 is provided instead of the polarization dispersion device 3 in the non-polarization excitation light source 52 shown in FIG.
- a typical characteristic of the polarization-maintaining fiber 31 is that the polarization dispersion per lm is about 1.4 ps, and a fiber length of about 10 m gives a polarization dispersion of about 14 ps. it can. Therefore, according to the fifth embodiment, it is possible to realize a polarization-independent Raman amplifier that is practical in terms of compact mounting, stable operation, and reliability.
- FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a non-polarized light source device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- the same or equivalent components as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a new laser light source 1 ′ is juxtaposed to the laser light source 1, and these two laser light sources 1 ′ , 1 ′ and the polarization dispersion device 3, a polarization combiner 4 is provided.
- the polarization combiner 4 combines the output lights of the two laser light sources 1 and 1 ′ into a polarization splitting device 3, and the two laser light sources appearing at the output of the polarization combiner 4 are combined. Since the light beams are orthogonal to each other, the angles of incidence on the polarization dispersion device 3 can be both set to a polarization angle 105 of 45 degrees (see FIG. 2).
- the expression (8) By setting the polarization dispersion device 3 so that the amount of polarization dispersion that reduces the degree of polarization (DOP) of the laser light is reduced, the output light of both laser light sources 1 and 1 ′ can be simultaneously depolarized. it can.
- the two laser light sources 1 and 1 ′ may have different center wavelengths. Even in that case, each output light can be depolarized. Further, even if there is a great difference in the intensity of the output light from the two laser light sources 1 and 1 ′, it is possible to depolarize the light. Furthermore, if one of the laser light sources 1 and 1 'fails during use, only the output is reduced and the degree of polarization can be prevented from deteriorating. Therefore, one of the laser light sources can be set as a cold standby as a spare in case of a failure.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- the signal light propagates from the input end 61 to the output end 62 in an optical fiber 7 which is a Raman amplification medium, and a combiner 6 is provided on the output end side of the optical fiber 7.
- the pump light from the non-polarization pump light source 54 is injected as Raman pump light into the optical fiber 7 from the coupler 6 in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the signal light.
- the non-polarization excitation light source 54 is a non-polarization light source device having the configuration shown in FIG. 11, as indicated by the same reference numerals. Therefore, since the non-polarized pump light is injected into the optical fiber 7, the polarization dependence of the Raman amplification gain in the optical fiber 7 can be reduced.
- the combiner 6 may be, for example, an optical fiber fusion-stretched WDM force brah that synthesizes by using the difference in wavelength between the signal light and the pump light, or a filter using a dielectric film. it can.
- the non-polarization pump light source 54 can depolarize the output light even if the center wavelengths of the two laser light sources 1 and 1 ′ are different, so to reduce the signal wavelength dependence of the Raman amplification gain, It is possible to excite at two wavelengths. Even if one laser light source emits only light and the intensity of pump light contributing to Raman gain is low, the polarization degree of the pump light is low. Can be left.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same or similar components as those shown in FIG.
- a non-polarization pumping light source 55 is provided instead of the non-polarization pumping light source 54 shown in FIG.
- the non-polarized pump light source 55 uses the Fabry-Perot type semiconductor lasers 11 and 13 as the laser light sources 1 and 1 'in the non-polarized pump light source 54 shown in FIG. Since polarization-free pump light is used as in the seventh embodiment, the polarization dependence of the Raman amplification gain in the optical fiber 7 can be reduced.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- the same or similar components as those shown in FIG. 13 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a non-polarization pump light source 56 is provided instead of the non-polarization pump light source 55 shown in FIG.
- the non-polarized excitation light source 56 is a reflector between the Fabry-Perot type semiconductor lasers 11 and 13 and the polarization combiner 4 in the non-polarized excitation light source 55 shown in FIG. It is provided.
- the reflectors 12 and 14 reflect a portion of the output light of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor lasers 11 and 13 in a wavelength-selective manner, and are combined with the Fabry-Perot semiconductor lasers 11 and 13 to form an external resonator. Is composed.
- the oscillation wavelengths of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor lasers 11 and 13 can be fixed to the stable reflection wavelengths of the reflectors 12 and 14, and the center wavelength of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor lasers 11 and 13 can be fixed.
- the effect of fluctuations in temperature and other driving conditions can be minimized.
- the disadvantage caused by the increase in the number of parts can be sufficiently compensated. Therefore, according to Embodiment 9, the polarization dependence is low and stable. Raman amplification characteristics can be obtained.
- FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of the Raman amplifier according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same or equivalent components as those shown in FIG. 14 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a non-polarization pump light source 57 is provided instead of the non-polarization pump light source 56 shown in FIG.
- the non-polarization pumping light source 57 is provided with a polarization maintaining fiber 31 instead of the polarization dispersion device 3 in the non-polarization pumping light source 56 shown in FIG.
- a typical characteristic of the polarization maintaining fiber 31 is that the polarization dispersion per meter is 1.
- a polarization length of about 14 ps can be given with a fiber length of about 1 Om. Therefore, according to the tenth embodiment, as in the fifth embodiment, a polarization-independent Raman amplifier practical in small size, stable operation, and reliability can be realized.
- Embodiment 11 1.
- FIG. 16 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention. Note that, in FIG. 16, the same or equivalent components as those shown in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 11 an example of a configuration in which two Raman amplifiers described in Embodiment 5 (FIG. 10) are arranged side by side is shown.
- the non-polarized light excitation light sources 58 and 58 ′ have the same configuration as the non-polarized light excitation light source 53 shown in the fifth embodiment (FIG. 10). That is, a non-polarized excitation light source
- Numeral 58 includes a Fabry-Perot type semiconductor laser 11, a reflector 12, and a polarization maintaining fiber 31.
- the non-polarization pumping light source 58 ' similarly includes a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser 13, a reflector 14, and a polarization maintaining fiber 3.
- two optical fibers 7 and 7 ′, which are Raman width media, and a 3 dB coupler 8 are provided. The output lights of the two non-polarized pump light sources 58 and 58 'are once combined by the 3 dB coupler 8.
- One output light of the 3 dB coupler 8 is injected into one optical fiber 7 by the combiner 6 in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the signal light (input end 61 ⁇ output end 62), forming one Raman amplifier. Is done.
- the other output light of the 3 dB coupler 8 is injected into the other optical fiber 7 'by the combiner 6' in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the signal light (input end 61 '-output end 62').
- the other Raman amplifier is configured.
- a non-polarized light source device having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 can be used, and a non-polarized light source device having the configuration shown in FIG. 11 can be used.
- a total of four semiconductor lasers it is possible to use a total of four semiconductor lasers.
- FIG. 17 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a Raman amplifier according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
- the same or equivalent components as those shown in FIG. 15 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a modification of the Raman amplifier shown in the tenth embodiment (FIG. 15) is shown.
- non-polarization excitation light sources 59 and 59 ′ have the same configuration as non-polarization excitation light source 57 shown in the tenth embodiment (FIG. 15). That is, the non-polarization pumping light source 59 includes the Fabry-Perot semiconductor lasers 11 and 13, the reflectors 12 and 14, and the polarization maintaining fiber 31.
- the non-polarization pumping light source 59 includes Fabry-Bellows type semiconductor lasers 15, 17, reflectors 16, 18 and a polarization maintaining fiber 31'.
- the output light from the non-polarization pump light sources 59 and 59 ' have different center wavelengths.
- a wavelength synthesizer 9 is provided.
- the output lights of the non-polarization pump light sources 59 and 59 ' are wavelength-synthesized by a wavelength synthesizer 9 and injected into an optical fiber 7 by a synthesizer 6 in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the signal light.
- a Raman amplifier is configured.
- substantially linearly polarized light having a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals is output from the laser light source.
- the output light of the next laser light source is coupled to the polarization dispersion device such that its polarization axis has an angle of 45 degrees with the polarization axis of the polarization dispersion device.
- the mode interval angular frequency of the output light from the laser light source is ⁇
- the amount of polarization dispersion that avoids the vicinity of (2 ⁇ / ⁇ ) is given.
- the output light can be made non-polarized.
- substantially linearly polarized light having a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals is output from the laser light source.
- the output light of the laser light source is coupled to the polarization dispersion device such that its polarization axis has an angle of substantially 45 degrees with the polarization axis of the polarization dispersion device.
- a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser can be used as the laser light source.
- the reflector provided between the Fabry-Perot-type semiconductor laser and the polarization dispersion device selectively reflects a part of the output light of the Fabry-Perot-type semiconductor laser to the outside. Construct a resonator.
- the oscillation wavelength of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser fluctuates due to the stable reflection wavelength of the reflector under temperature and other driving conditions.
- a polarization maintaining optical fiber can be used instead of the polarization dispersion device.
- substantially linearly polarized light having a plurality of mode components arranged at substantially equal angular frequency intervals is output from the two laser light sources.
- the output light of the two laser light sources is coupled to the polarization dispersion device such that its polarization axis is substantially at an angle of 45 degrees to the polarization axis of the polarization dispersion device.
- the relative angular frequency of the angular frequency ⁇ with respect to the mode interval angular frequency ⁇ and the central peripheral angular frequency ⁇ c in the output light of the laser light source ⁇ ' ⁇ -
- the two laser beams are respectively
- two reflectors respectively provided between the two Fabry-Perot semiconductor lasers and the polarization dispersion device are each one of the output lights of the Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser.
- the part is selectively reflected to form an external resonator.
- a polarization maintaining optical fiber can be used instead of the polarization dispersion device.
- the non-polarized light source device is used for generating pump light in a wavelength range that gives Raman gain to signal light.
- This pump light is injected into an optical fiber, which is a Raman amplification medium, by an injection means.
- an optical fiber which is a Raman amplification medium
- the polarization dependence of the gain of the Raman amplification is reduced, and a polarization-independent Raman amplifier is obtained.
- the first and second non-polarization light source devices each including the non-polarization light source device according to any one of the above-mentioned inventions generate pump light in a wavelength range that gives Raman gain to signal light.
- the output light of the first unpolarized light source device is injected into the first optical fiber that is the Raman amplification medium by the first injection means, and the output light of the second unpolarized light source device is injected by the second injection means into the Raman amplification medium.
- the second optical fiber Is entered.
- two Raman amplifiers are configured, but even if one of the non-polarized light source devices fails, the other non-polarized light source device can evenly supply pump light to both Raman amplifiers. Can be kept small, and the reliability of the Raman amplifier can be improved.
- a plurality of the non-polarized light source devices are used to generate pump lights in a wavelength range that gives Raman gain to signal light with different center wavelengths.
- the output light power of a plurality of non-polarized light source devices having different center wavelengths is wavelength-synthesized by a wavelength-synthesizing and injecting means and injected into an optical fiber as a Raman amplification medium.
- the non-polarized light source device and the Raman amplifier according to the present invention are useful for an optical communication system using the Raman ⁇ effect, and in particular, reduce the polarization dependence of the Raman amplification gain in an optical fiber. Suitable for equipment.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/482,223 US7218441B2 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-01-27 | Non-polarization light source device and raman amplifier |
EP03701883A EP1437808B1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-01-27 | Non-polarization light source device and raman amplifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002022453A JP2003224327A (ja) | 2002-01-30 | 2002-01-30 | 無偏光光源装置およびラマン増幅器 |
JP2002-22453 | 2002-01-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003065522A1 true WO2003065522A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
Family
ID=27654423
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/000729 WO2003065522A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-01-27 | Non-polarization light source device and raman amplifier |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7218441B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1437808B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2003224327A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1305188C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003065522A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7095930B2 (en) * | 2003-07-17 | 2006-08-22 | Draka Comteq B.V. | Groove cable |
US7499159B2 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2009-03-03 | Ahura Corporation | Method and apparatus for conducting Raman spectroscopy using a remote optical probe |
EP1740914A2 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2007-01-10 | Ahura Corporation | Method and apparatus for conducting raman spectroscopy |
US7548311B2 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2009-06-16 | Ahura Corporation | Method and apparatus for conducting Raman spectroscopy |
US20060045151A1 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-03-02 | Daryoosh Vakhshoori | External cavity wavelength stabilized Raman lasers insensitive to temperature and/or external mechanical stresses, and Raman analyzer utilizing the same |
US20060088069A1 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-04-27 | Daryoosh Vakhshoori | Uncooled, low profile, external cavity wavelength stabilized laser, and portable Raman analyzer utilizing the same |
US20060170917A1 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-08-03 | Daryoosh Vakhshoori | Use of free-space coupling between laser assembly, optical probe head assembly, spectrometer assembly and/or other optical elements for portable optical applications such as Raman instruments |
WO2006065267A1 (en) * | 2004-08-30 | 2006-06-22 | Ahura Corporation | Low profile spectrometer and raman analyzer utilizing the same |
US7773645B2 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2010-08-10 | Ahura Scientific Inc. | Uncooled external cavity laser operating over an extended temperature range |
US7701571B2 (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2010-04-20 | Ahura Scientific Inc. | Raman spectrometry assembly |
US8208503B2 (en) | 2010-05-26 | 2012-06-26 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fiber light source with high mean wavelength stability and reliability |
US9250355B2 (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2016-02-02 | Futurwei Technologies, Inc. | Device and method for optical beam combination |
US9025241B2 (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2015-05-05 | Kotura, Inc. | Gain medium providing laser and amplifier functionality to optical device |
JP7398131B2 (ja) | 2019-03-12 | 2023-12-14 | ルムス エルティーディー. | 画像プロジェクタ |
CN114731021A (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-07-08 | 奥斯兰姆奥普托半导体股份有限两合公司 | 激光封装及具有激光封装的系统 |
KR20220151658A (ko) | 2020-04-20 | 2022-11-15 | 루머스 리미티드 | 레이저 효율 및 눈 안전성이 향상된 근안 디스플레이 |
JP2024502701A (ja) | 2020-12-20 | 2024-01-23 | ルムス エルティーディー. | 空間光変調器上のレーザ走査による画像プロジェクタ |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1305188C (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
US20040165254A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
JP2003224327A (ja) | 2003-08-08 |
US7218441B2 (en) | 2007-05-15 |
EP1437808A4 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
EP1437808A1 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
EP1437808B1 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
CN1552116A (zh) | 2004-12-01 |
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