WO2002067530A1 - Dispositif multiplexeur et dispositif demultiplexeur - Google Patents
Dispositif multiplexeur et dispositif demultiplexeur Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002067530A1 WO2002067530A1 PCT/JP2001/006598 JP0106598W WO02067530A1 WO 2002067530 A1 WO2002067530 A1 WO 2002067530A1 JP 0106598 W JP0106598 W JP 0106598W WO 02067530 A1 WO02067530 A1 WO 02067530A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/24—Systems for the transmission of television signals using pulse code modulation
- H04N7/52—Systems for transmission of a pulse code modulated video signal with one or more other pulse code modulated signals, e.g. an audio signal or a synchronizing signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/24—Time-division multiplex systems in which the allocation is indicated by an address the different channels being transmitted sequentially
- H04J3/247—ATM or packet multiplexing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/04—Speed or phase control by synchronisation signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
Definitions
- the present invention divides a plurality of types of multimedia data such as, for example, digitized video data, audio data, and general-purpose data into input data and multiplexes each of the divided packets.
- the present invention relates to a multiplexing device for transmitting a multiplexed stream as a multiplexed stream and a demultiplexing device for separating the multiplexed stream.
- FIG. 1 shows, for example, the configuration of a multiplexed stream 10 shown in ITU-T Recommendation H.223.
- 14 is the input data strings A and B to be multiplexed
- 11 is a flag indicating a packet break
- 12 is a header indicating the packet data type, error control, and packet continuity
- 13 is data obtained by dividing the input data sequence 14 into an appropriate length.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which two input data streams 14 of A and B are multiplexed and one multiplex stream 10 is transmitted.
- the multiplexer is , A and B are divided into appropriate lengths of the two input data strings 14 to generate data 13. Then, when the data 13 is transmitted, the data 13 is transmitted with the flag 11 and the header 12 indicating the data type of the divided packet added.
- the demultiplexer that receives the multiplexed stream 10 detects the flag 11, analyzes the header 12 following the flag 11, and then decodes the header 12. Recognize 13 types overnight. At this time, data 13 is recognized until the flag 11 is detected, data 13 of the same data type is collected, and the input data columns 14 of A and B are restored respectively.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and it is an object of the present invention to properly separate a multiplexed stream even when a flag emulation or a flag or header transmission error occurs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a multiplexing device that generates a multiplexing stream that can perform multiplexing and a separating device that normally separates a multiplexing stream. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention provides a multiplexing device that divides a plurality of types of input data into buckets, multiplexes each of the divided packets, and transmits the multiplexed packets.
- the identification information is given to each of the buckets, and the packet length is changed for each type of input data. It is characterized by doing.
- the packets for the smaller length are rejected.
- the identification information of the bucket further indicates that the length of the packet is a variable length packet having a length shorter than the fixed length.
- each packet is It is characterized by indicating that the bucket is a variable-length bucket further limited by the maximum length by the identification information.
- the identification information is characterized in that it identifies a variable-length packet and further indicates the range of the length of the variable-length packet. Also, when multiplexing variable-length packets, the number of flags indicating packet breaks is larger than the number of flags immediately after fixed-length packets between packets to be multiplexed thereafter. I do.
- the number of combinations of values set as identification information is reduced, and the hamming distance that can be taken as each value is increased.
- length information is added to packets to be multiplexed.
- identification information indicating the type of input data is given to the packet, and a packet of multiple types of input data in which the length of the packet is changed for each type of input data is multiplexed.
- Receiving the multiplexed data separating the multiplexed data into buckets based on a flag indicating a break in the bucket, and outputting the data as output data for each type of the input data based on the identification information.
- the identification information of the packet divided into variable lengths further indicates the range of the length. In the case of a tunable packet to which the identification information has been added, the following information is used based on the identification information. Guessing the position of the flag indicating a break between the packet and the flag, detecting the flag, separating the packet based on the flag, and outputting the data as output data for each type of the input data. It is characterized by.
- the position of a flag indicating a break in the packet is determined based on the length information.
- a flag indicating a break in a packet of multiplexed data cannot be recognized, if the identification information of the immediately preceding packet indicates a fixed-length packet, the identification information is used based on the identification information or the length of the packet. If information is provided, the position of the flag indicating the break between the next packet is estimated based on the length information, the flag is detected, the bucket is separated based on the flag, and the input is performed. The data is output as output data for each data type.
- the identification information of the immediately preceding packet indicates a variable-length packet
- the identification information based on that identification information is used. O Recognizing the range of the bucket length and inferring a flag indicating a break in the bucket o
- the type of data is estimated from the length of the packet.
- the setting value with the shortest hamming distance is recognized as the identification information.
- a packet of a certain packet based on identification information or length information If the length or the range is recognized, a flag indicating a break between the next packet and the vicinity of the recognized length or the range is not detected.
- a flag is detected from the received multiplexed data, and then the flag is detected.
- the subsequent identification information is analyzed to determine whether the packet is a fixed-length packet or a variable-length packet.
- the next flag exists at the position estimated based on the fixed length packet.
- the previous data is separated according to the identification information.
- the next flag exists in a range that can be estimated based on the variable length, the data up to that point is identified by the identification information.
- the separation processing is performed according to the following.
- a flag it is determined whether or not identification information follows. If the identification information follows the flag, the detected flag is recognized as a normal flag, while the identification information follows the flag. If the flag does not continue, the detected flag is not recognized as a normal flag.
- the subsequent data can be recognized as identification information, and an error is added to the flag value for the pattern that was present at the flag position.
- the pattern is regarded as a flag and separation processing is performed.
- the data is separated as data with a high probability of occurrence.
- the identification information indicating the type of the input data is provided.
- Information is attached to each packet, and the packet length is fixed for each piece of identification information. Therefore, even if the identification information cannot be analyzed normally, the type of input data of the packet is based on the packet length. Can be recognized, and the data can be separated normally.
- the length of the packet can be recognized based on the identification information of the immediately preceding packet.
- the position can be estimated and the data can be separated normally.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multiplexing stream 10 shown in, for example, ITU-T Recommendation H.223.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the connection between the multiplexer and the demultiplexer according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a multiplexing stream 5 transmitted by the multiplexing device A of Embodiment 1 and received by the demultiplexing device B.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a multiplexing stream transmitted by the multiplexing device A according to the second embodiment and received by the demultiplexing device B.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a multiplexed stream transmitted by the multiplexing device A according to the third embodiment and received by the demultiplexing device B.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating header values in a multiplexed stream transmitted by the multiplexing device A and received by the demultiplexing device B according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a processing flow for data separation in a separation apparatus B according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a multiplexed stream transmitted by multiplexing apparatus A of Embodiment 6 and received by demultiplexing apparatus B after adding an error.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a connection between a multiplexer and a demultiplexer according to the present invention.
- A is a multiplexing device
- B is a demultiplexing device
- the multiplexing device A and the demultiplexing device B are connected via a network (not shown) such as an Ethernet network.
- A transmits multiplexed stream 5, which is multiplexed data of two types of input data strings a and b, to demultiplexer B
- demultiplexer B transmits the multiplexed stream from multiplexor A.
- 5 indicates that the input data strings a and b are separated and output.
- the configuration in the multiplexing device A and the demultiplexing device B is not specially new, and the description is omitted here.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a multiplexing stream 5 transmitted by the multiplexing device A and received by the demultiplexing device B according to the first embodiment.
- 1 is a flag indicating a break between packets
- 2a to 2b are headers as identification information indicating types of the input data strings a and b which are multiplexed
- 3a to 3b are multiplexed.
- the input data strings a and b are divided into appropriate lengths for each type
- 5 is a multiplexing stream.
- the types of data to be multiplexed are described as two types a and b for convenience of explanation, as in the case of the conventional technology. There may be any number of types.
- the type of input data may be classified according to the type of media such as video, audio, data, etc., or may be the same media such as video, or may be information sources such as encoders. May be classified according to each encoding method, or may be classified according to the encoding method. Of course, it is also possible to classify the programs for each higher-ranking program. Next, the operation will be described.
- multiplexing apparatus A receives two types of input data strings a and b and, as shown in FIG. 3, changes the length for each data type and divides them by fixed lengths La and Lb.
- a flag 1 indicating a break of the packet and an identification indicating the type of the divided data a and b are used.
- the headers 2a and 2b, which are information, are added and transmitted. This is the multiplexed stream 5 shown in FIG.
- the demultiplexer B first detects the flag 1, then analyzes the header 2 following the flag 1, and decodes the subsequent packet. Recognize the type. At this time, the packet is recognized as the same packet until the next flag 1 is detected, and the packet is normally separated.
- the demultiplexer B cannot recognize the data type of the subsequent bucket. If the length is L a, the input data sequence is assumed to be a, and if the length of the data until the next flag 1 is L b is L b, the input data sequence b is assumed to be separated. .
- the demultiplexing apparatus B of the first embodiment recognizes the headers 2a and 2b in the multiplexing stream 5 so that the length of the packets 3a and 3b can be recognized.
- the type of the input data to be multiplexed by the device A, the fixed length when dividing the input data for each type, the number of bits of the flag 1 and the header 2, etc. are determined in advance with the multiplexer A.
- the multiplexing stream 5 is transmitted by negotiation before receiving the multiplexing stream 5 from the multiplexing apparatus A, and is recognized in advance. In addition, this is The same applies to the separation apparatus B of another embodiment described below.
- the multiplexing apparatus A divides each input data into packets with fixed lengths having different lengths for each data type, and multiplexes and transmits the packets. Therefore, even if the demultiplexer B cannot correctly analyze the header 2, it can recognize the data type of the packet based on the data length of the packet between the flags, and can normally recognize the data. Has the effect of being able to separate
- the flag 1 may not be recognized normally due to a transmission error or the like.
- the cases where the flag 1 cannot be recognized normally include a flag error due to a transmission error, and a so-called flag emulation phenomenon in which the same code as the flag is included in the data to be transmitted overnight. .
- flag emulation phenomenon in which the same code as the flag is included in the data to be transmitted overnight.
- the header 2 immediately before the flag 1 indicates the input data string a as identification information. For example, it is possible to continue the subsequent separation processing assuming that there is a flag 1 that could not be recognized normally after the length La. Similarly, if the header 2 indicates the input data sequence b, the subsequent separation processing can be continued assuming that there is a flag 1 that could not be recognized normally after the length Lb.
- the multiplexing apparatus A divides each input data into packets with a fixed length different for each data type, and multiplexes the packets. Even if the demultiplexer B cannot detect the flag 1 normally, it can recognize the type of the packet by the immediately preceding header 2 and recognize the length of the packet. To predict the position of flag 1 to be performed, which has the effect of separating data normally.
- each input data is divided into fixed-length packets different for each data type.However, each input data is divided into fixed-length packets. Finally, if a packet shorter than the fixed length is finally divided, for example, the packet should be demultiplexed as it is in the variable length bucket as shown in Embodiment 2 described below. You may. Also, it is of course possible to add a null bucket to a packet shorter than the fixed length so that the length is the same as that of other fixed length packets, so that the fixed length differs for each type of input data. .
- Embodiment 2 it is of course possible to add a null bucket to
- Embodiment 2 will be described in which even in the evening, the data is divided and multiplexed and transferred at a variable length.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a multiplexed stream transmitted by the multiplexing device A according to the second embodiment and received by the demultiplexing device B.
- 2a, 2a0, and 2b are identification information that indicates the type of the multiplexed packet and, in the case of a variable-length packet, the length of the variable-length packet indirectly by a range.
- the length of the data that follows is L a, L a O, and L b respectively. The rest is the same as in FIG. 3 and will be omitted.
- the header 2a0 is a header of a variable length packet
- the headers 2a and 2b are headers of a fixed length packet.
- the headers 2a and 2b not only indicate the type of input data but also the fixed-length packet for each data type. ⁇ It can be said that it identifies or indicates the length of the note. Next, the operation will be described.
- the multiplexer A divides the two types of input data strings a and b into fixed lengths L a and L b, respectively, and divides them into packets 3 a and 3 b, which are divided into the flag 1 and the packet
- the headers 2a and 2b indicating the data type are added and transmitted.
- the multiplexing apparatus A when the input data sequence a is divided and multiplexed into the packet 3 a having the fixed length L a, for example, when the divided data If there is no packet 3 a 'appears, its packet 3 a 5 less than the fixed length L a, as shown in FIG. 4, the normal to which the length is obtained by dividing the input data a packet 3 a of Since the packet is an arbitrary length La0 shorter than the fixed length La, the packet 3a 'for the packet 3a' that does not have the fixed length La has a data type of The same is performed, and multiplexing is performed by adding a header 2a0 as identification information indicating that the length La is different from the length La of the packet 3a.
- the packet length is identified by the header 2 as the identification information given to the packet. Therefore, even if the input data of the same type is divided into packets, the packets can be multiplexed by changing the packet length, that is, as a variable-length packet.
- the demultiplexer B of the second embodiment detects the flag 1 from the received multiplexed stream 5 and analyzes the header 2 following the flag 1 to analyze the header 2.
- the type of the packet following the packet is identified, and the length of the packet is also identified.
- the data of the packets 3a and 3b following them are analyzed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Identify overnight types a and b and their lengths L a and L b .
- the packet following header 2a0 has the same data type as packet 3a, but does not have the length La of packet 3a. It is possible to identify that the packet has a different length LaO, complete packet 3a, within length La after header 2a0, and then detect that flag 1 can be detected.
- separation device B even if flag 1 after header 2a0 cannot be detected by separation device B due to a transmission error or the like, separation device B according to the second embodiment will have a length L after header 2a0. Within a 0, a pattern similar to flag 1 is detected, and it is regarded as flag 1, and the separation process can be continued.
- multiplexing apparatus A basically divides input data of the same type into fixed-length packets, but if the last packet of the division does not have a fixed length, variable data is used.
- the maximum length of long packet length is smaller than the length of fixed length packet, and the fixed header and variable length packet, and the unique header that can identify the type and length of data 2a
- header 2a0 of the immediately preceding packet limits the range of flag 1 that occurs thereafter and is similar to flag 1. Processing the data to be processed as a flag has the effect of separating the data normally.
- the input data is not divided into fixed-length packets, and is always variable-length. If the packet is divided into packets and transmitted, by specifying the maximum length of the variable-length packet, the flag of the next packet after header 2 is separated by the demultiplexer B due to a transmission error, etc. Even if 1 cannot be detected, the separation device B of the second embodiment detects a pattern similar to a flag within the specified maximum length of the variable length after header 2, and regards it as a flag and performs separation processing. May be continued. That is, for example, when dividing certain input data into variable-length packets,
- Multiplexer A determines the maximum length of the variable length packet to be, for example, Lma X, and divides the length of the variable length packet to be divided by an arbitrary length equal to or less than L max. Alternatively, the same header 2 may be added to each variable length packet that is equal to or less than the divided maximum length L max. At this time, not only the maximum length but also the minimum length may be determined, and the length of the variable length packet divided within the range from the minimum length to the maximum length may be defined.
- the multiplexing apparatus A specifies the maximum length of the length and the like even when the input data of the same type is divided into variable-length packets and multiplexed and transmitted.
- the header of the immediately preceding packet limits the range of the flag that occurs afterward, and sets data similar to the flag as the flag. This has the effect of allowing normal separation of data.
- the multiplexing apparatus A for example, the maximum length of the variable length of the packets of L a, it it, L ai, L a 2 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , and n divided by variable length L an,, L ai (0 or more and less than L ax 1 / n), L a 2 (L axl / n or more and less than L ax 2 / n), ..., L an (L ax (n-l) Zn or more and less than La)
- L ai (0 or more and less than L ax 1 / n
- L a 2 L axl / n or more and less than L ax 2 / n
- the range of each length can be identified by the header 2 even for each length of the variable-length packet, so that even if the flag 1 cannot be normally detected.
- the range of the flag that is generated afterward by the immediately preceding header can be accurately limited by each length of the variable-length bucket, and the data that is similar to the flag is processed as a flag, so that the data can be deleted normally. There is an effect that can be separated.
- header 2a0 as identification information to be given to a packet allows not only type a of overnight but also length La 0 of packet 3a '.
- the packets can be identified. That is, in the case of FIG. 4, for example, even if the length Lb of the packet 3b is the same as the length LaO of the packet 3a, the header 2b is added to each header. Ri by the difference of Dzuda 2 a 0, can be identified de Isseki type of the packet 3 a 5.
- the header 2a0 as identification information given to the packet is used to identify not only the type a of the data overnight but also the length La0 of the packet 3a '. Therefore, for example, if the length of subsequent packets is made different for each header, which is identification information, even if variable-length packets are mixed in the same type of data, the packet data is transmitted from the header to the packet data. In addition to being able to identify the packet type and packet length, even if the header cannot be recognized due to transmission errors, etc., identify the packet data type by recognizing the packet length. Can be. That is, in the case of FIG.
- the header as the identification information indicates that the data length range is indicated in addition to the data type of the packet.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the header as the identification information may directly indicate the length information of the data in addition to the data type of the packet.
- the multiplexing device A divides a packet having a maximum length of La into n segments with variable lengths of Lai, La2, A variable length packet of the header 2a1 is given a header 2a1, 2a2,..., 2an to each of the tunable packets having a length of
- the length of the variable-length packet of header 2a2 is L1 and the length of the variable-length packet of header 2a is variable according to the header, such as La2,.
- the length of a long packet may be directly indicated.
- the separation device B recognizes the header 2 as identification information indicating the range of the length of the variable-length packet by recognizing the header 2 directly indicating the length of the variable-length packet.
- the position of the flag that will occur next to the variable-length packet can be more accurately guessed by the header 2 than in the case where the header is used.
- the demultiplexer B uses not only the data type of the packet but also the length of the packet or the length of the packet. Since the range can be recognized, even if Lalag 1 cannot be detected normally, the header of the packet immediately before By recognizing the length of the bucket or its range, the position of the flag that occurs subsequently can be accurately inferred, and data similar to the flag is processed normally by treating the evening as a flag. One night can be separated.
- the header 2 recognizes the length of the packet or the range thereof, and estimates the position of the flag 1 to be generated next or the range thereof.
- the flag search may not be performed near or next to the position of the next flag 1 to be generated.
- one flag is basically inserted between packets to be multiplexed as a flag indicating a break.
- An embodiment in which the number of flags is controlled will be described.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a multiplexed stream transmitted by the multiplexing device A according to the third embodiment and received by the demultiplexing device B.
- FIG. 5 the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 denote the same or similar elements as in FIG. 4, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the multiplexing apparatus A transfers the multiplexed stream 5 with the flag 1, the header 2, and the packet 3 as one block, as in the second embodiment.
- the demultiplexer B detects the break of the packet 3 by detecting the flag 1 from the received multiplexed stream 5.
- variable-length packets are multiplexed.
- insert more flags immediately after the variable-length packet than at least immediately after the fixed-length packet In Fig. 5, two flags 1 are inserted immediately after the fixed-length packet. ) The next day to multiplex. No.
- variable-length packet 3a since there is a variable-length packet 3a 'after the header 2a0, two flags 1 are inserted after the variable-length packet 3a, and then the next header 2a and It indicates that packet 3a is to be forwarded.
- the number of flags to be inserted immediately after the variable-length packet may be greater than the number of flags 1 to be inserted immediately after the fixed-length packet. Therefore, the number is not limited to two, but may be three or more.
- the separation device B no matter how many flags 1 are set, there is no problem in separation of data, so that data can be separated normally.
- the separation device B detects the header 2a followed by the fixed-length data
- the position of the next flag 1 can be accurately predicted, but the header 2 followed by the variable-length packet 3a ' If a 0 is detected, the position of the next flag 1 may not be accurately predicted.
- the position of the next flag 1 may not be accurately predicted. In such a situation, if the next flag 1 cannot be accurately detected due to a transmission error or the like, the next bucket may not be accurately separated.
- the flag 1 is inserted after the variable-length bucket 3 a ′, for example, two times more than when the variable-length bucket 3 a ′ is inserted immediately after the fixed-length packet. Therefore, in the separation apparatus B according to the third embodiment, the probability of detecting a flag is higher than when one flag 1 is inserted after the variable-length packet 3a ', and normal data separation can be performed thereafter. Probability also increases.
- the fixed length packet is added after the variable length packet. Since more flags are inserted than immediately after the bucket, the probability of detecting the variable length packet flag in the separation device B is improved, and the variable length packet can be normally separated.
- the multiplexer A of the fourth embodiment when selecting the value of the identification information set in the header 2, the combination of the set values is reduced, and the hamming distance of those values is increased. O It is characterized by selecting the appropriate value o
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing header values in a multiplexed stream transmitted by the multiplexing device A and received by the demultiplexing device B according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 6 shows an example in which the header has three bits.
- multiplexer A uses a three-bit header value to identify the two types of headers. Select two values: (0, 0, 0) and (1, 1, 1). The Hamming distance at this time is 3.
- the demultiplexing apparatus B of the fourth embodiment when receiving this header, even if an error is added to the header, if the error is 1 bit, the Hamming distance is 3; It can be inferred that the distance of (0, 0, 0) or (1, 1, 1) is closer.
- a one-bit error of (0, 0, 0) (0, 0, 1) (0, 1, 0) or (1, 0, 0) is (0, 0, 0) While it can be guessed that the header is the value of (1), the one-bit error of (1,1,1) (0,1,1), (1,0,1) or (1,1,0) is , (1,1,1) can be guessed to be a header. Therefore, even in the case of an n-bit header, if the mutual hamming distance is long when selecting the value to be actually used, even if an error is added to the header, the header can be accurately estimated. .
- the number of types of values of the header 2 is reduced as much as possible, and the hamming distance of each value is increased, so that the header 2 which is identification information has an error. Even when a symbol is added, an accurate header can be estimated and the data can be separated normally.
- FIG. 7 shows a processing port for data separation in the separation apparatus B according to the fifth embodiment.
- the demultiplexer B when the demultiplexer B receives the data of the multiplexed stream 5 (step ST100), it then performs flag detection processing to determine whether or not the received data is flag 1 (step ST100). At this time, if the received data cannot be regarded as the flag 1 (step ST110 “No”), the process returns to step ST100 and the next data reception processing is performed. Do. Note that the flag detection process in FIG. 7 includes estimating the length of the subsequent packet or its range from the header described in the first to fourth embodiments and estimating the position of the next flag. May be used.
- header 2 is analyzed (step ST 110).
- Step ST120 determine whether the data sequence following header 2 is a fixed-length bucket or a variable-length packet. . This depends on whether the following sequence is a fixed-length bucket of fixed length or a variable-length packet of variable length, as explained below.
- step ST120 if an unregistered header is recognized or the header cannot be recognized normally, the flag detected in step ST120 is set to a normal flag. If not, or the header analyzed in step ST120 is not a real header, the process returns to step ST100 and the flag is detected again.
- step ST120 a description will be given of a process performed when it is determined in the header analysis process of step ST120 that the succeeding data string is a fixed-length packet. If the header analysis determines that the subsequent data stream is a fixed-length packet, the length of the fixed-length packet differs for each data type, that is, for each header. Therefore, the demultiplexer B can recognize the length of the fixed-length packet by analyzing the header. For this reason, in order to detect the beginning of the next packet, the separation device B performs the steps ST 13 0 until the fixed length recognized based on the header is reached (step ST 140 “Yes”). (Step ST140 "No" step ST130).
- step ST150 the separation device B detects the same flag as in step ST110, and determines whether the detected flag is a normal flag (step ST150), If it is determined that the detected flag is not a normal flag (step ST150 “No”), the flag detection processing of step ST110 is performed via the data reception processing of step ST100. Execute
- step ST150 if it is determined that the detected flag is a normal flag (step ST150 "Yes"), the reception is continued until the flag is detected.
- the packet data is separated (step ST160), the process returns to step ST120, the header following the flag is analyzed, and the above processing is repeated.
- step ST120 determines that the succeeding data sequence is a variable-length bucket.
- the demultiplexer B sends the variable-length bucket from the header in the same way as for the fixed-length packet.
- the length or range can be recognized. For this reason, in order to detect the head of the next packet, the separating device B keeps this until a predetermined value or a predetermined range of length recognized from the header is reached (step ST180 “Yes”). Data reception is repeated overnight (step ST 180 "No ,, ⁇ step ST 170).
- step ST 180 “Yes” when the received data has a predetermined value or a length in a predetermined range (step ST 180 “Yes”), the same flag detection processing as that in step ST 110 is performed, and the detected data becomes normal. Is determined (step ST190), and if the detected data is determined to be a normal flag (step ST190 "Yes"), the flag is detected.
- step ST200 To determine if it exceeds the maximum value in the range ( If not exceeded (step ST200), if not (step ST200 "No"), the process returns to step ST170 for overnight reception to search for a flag. On the other hand, if the length of the received data exceeds the predetermined maximum value of the variable length (step ST200 "Yes"), the data is transmitted through the data reception processing of step ST100. Execute flag detection processing of step ST110. If the header directly indicates the length of the variable-length packet, the above-described determination processing in step ST200 becomes unnecessary.
- Separation device B may recognize the normality not only by the flag but also by the subsequent header in order to avoid erroneous recognition of the flag. For example, if the same code as the flag is included all night long, the code may be recognized as a flag. In particular, the position of the flag following the variable-length packet may not be predictable, so such emulation may occur frequently. Therefore, if the possible values of the header following the flag are limited, if a flag that does not belong to that value follows the flag, the flag immediately before that flag is emulation. In this way, a correct flag can be detected.
- the fifth embodiment by combining the flag detection and the header analysis function, even if the same pattern as the flag exists in the data, the effect that the data can be normally separated can be obtained. There is.
- the separating apparatus B may be configured to allow an error even if a flag or a header is mixed so that the flag cannot be detected due to a transmission error.
- the position of the flag of a certain packet is predicted from the header of the packet immediately before a certain packet, and For example, even if a flag containing a 1-bit error is detected, recognizing it as a flag enables detection of an error-resistant flag. Even if errors are mixed in not only flags but also headers, if normal headers can be predicted, normal separation processing can be performed using the values.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a multiplexed stream transmitted by the multiplexer A according to the sixth embodiment and received by the demultiplexer B after adding an error.
- header 2a becomes header 2z due to an error added due to a transmission error or the like, and header 2a becomes a value other than the value that should be originally taken.
- the following bucket 3a also has unknown type and is recognized as packet 3z, and its length is also unknown.
- the separation device of the sixth embodiment B, by detecting the flag 1 and the header 2 b that follow, the length of the previous packet 3 z is found to be La. Therefore, since the type of the input data is determined arbitrarily from the length of the packet, the header that can take the length La is Judge that there is only 2a, treat header 2z as an error added to header 2a, and process packet 3z as packet 3a, which is a segment of data a .
- the length of the packet and the data type that is, the header, which is identification information indicating the data type
- the header which is identification information indicating the data type
- Normal packet separation processing is performed by calculating the length of each packet, determining the header from the length, recognizing the data type of the bucket, and separating the data according to the data type indicated by the header. Can be performed.
- the above processing is employed in the flag detection processing and the header analysis processing described in the fifth embodiment, so that data can be normally separated even when an error is mixed in a flag or a header due to a transmission error or the like. This has the effect.
- the separation device B of the sixth embodiment may separate the data that has been separated so far as data having a high probability of occurrence. Good.
- the probability that normal data separation can be performed even with unknown data is increased. effective.
- each embodiment has been focused on the characteristic portions of each embodiment so as not to duplicate the description of each embodiment.
- each embodiment is described.
- the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other as long as the contents do not conflict.
- Embodiment 3 Since only the embodiment in which the number of flags inserted immediately after the variable-length packet is larger than the number of flags inserted immediately after the fixed-length bucket is described, the third embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that Embodiments 2 and 4 to 6 referring to the packet may be combined.
- the length and range of the bucket are recognized from the header 2, and the flag detection efficiency is higher than that of the flag 1 having a large number immediately after the variable-length packet. Will be improved.
- the fourth embodiment only the embodiment in which the error-resistant header 2 code is selected is described. Therefore, in the present invention, the fourth embodiment and the first to third and fifth embodiments are described. , 6 may be used in combination. In this way, an accurate header can be guessed not only for a fixed-length packet but also for a variable-length packet, and even if an error is added to the header 2 as identification information. Can be separated. Also, any combination of the other embodiments is of course possible. Industrial applicability
- the multiplexing device and the demultiplexing device are capable of receiving a plurality of types of multimedia data such as digitized video data, audio data, and general-purpose data as input data.
- multimedia data such as digitized video data, audio data, and general-purpose data.
- the packet is divided into packets and the divided packets are multiplexed and transmitted as a multiplexed stream, multiplexing is performed normally even if flag emulation or a flag or header transmission error occurs. Suitable for separating chemical streams.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
- Communication Control (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2001631779 DE60131779T2 (de) | 2001-02-20 | 2001-07-31 | Multiplexeinrichtung und demultiplexeinrichtung |
EP20010954394 EP1363439B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 | 2001-07-31 | Multiplexing apparatus and demultiplexing apparatus |
US10/467,342 US7630411B2 (en) | 2001-02-20 | 2001-07-31 | Multiplexing apparatus and demultiplexing apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2001-43375 | 2001-02-20 | ||
JP2001043375 | 2001-02-20 | ||
JP2001-196270 | 2001-06-28 | ||
JP2001196270A JP3855690B2 (ja) | 2001-02-20 | 2001-06-28 | 多重化装置、分離装置 |
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WO2002067530A1 true WO2002067530A1 (fr) | 2002-08-29 |
Family
ID=26609698
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PCT/JP2001/006598 WO2002067530A1 (fr) | 2001-02-20 | 2001-07-31 | Dispositif multiplexeur et dispositif demultiplexeur |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US7630411B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1363439B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3855690B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100471193C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60131779T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002067530A1 (ja) |
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US20070025345A1 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-01 | Bachl Rainer W | Method of increasing the capacity of enhanced data channel on uplink in a wireless communications systems |
CN101098482B (zh) * | 2006-06-30 | 2011-10-19 | 展讯通信(上海)有限公司 | 一种节目成分复用和识别方法 |
CN1960509B (zh) * | 2006-08-29 | 2010-05-12 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 在传输移动多媒体广播媒体数据时实现错误隔离的方法 |
CN101184205B (zh) * | 2006-11-14 | 2011-03-30 | 展讯通信(上海)有限公司 | 一种节目成分复用和识别方法 |
JP5815515B2 (ja) | 2009-06-25 | 2015-11-17 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェKoninklijke Philips N.V. | データパケットを処理する方法及び装置 |
US20120096495A1 (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2012-04-19 | Panasonic Corporation | Broadcast reception device, broadcast reception method, and broadcast transmission device |
AU2011339962B2 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2016-09-01 | Sun Patent Trust | Signal generation method and signal generation device |
CN106534261A (zh) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-03-22 | 乐视控股(北京)有限公司 | 数据写入方法、装置及系统 |
US11159654B2 (en) | 2019-11-13 | 2021-10-26 | Ge Aviation Systems Llc | Method and system for data transfer on an avionics bus |
US11604454B2 (en) | 2020-01-23 | 2023-03-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Data processing apparatus, data transmission method, and recording medium |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2002325099A (ja) | 2002-11-08 |
EP1363439A1 (en) | 2003-11-19 |
CN1528076A (zh) | 2004-09-08 |
US20040071143A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
DE60131779T2 (de) | 2008-10-30 |
DE60131779D1 (de) | 2008-01-17 |
EP1363439A4 (en) | 2006-08-30 |
EP1363439B1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
CN100471193C (zh) | 2009-03-18 |
US7630411B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 |
JP3855690B2 (ja) | 2006-12-13 |
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