WO2002059467A1 - Moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents
Moteur a combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002059467A1 WO2002059467A1 PCT/JP2002/000383 JP0200383W WO02059467A1 WO 2002059467 A1 WO2002059467 A1 WO 2002059467A1 JP 0200383 W JP0200383 W JP 0200383W WO 02059467 A1 WO02059467 A1 WO 02059467A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- temperature
- heat exchanger
- catalyst
- stage
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 96
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 71
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 53
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 53
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2046—Periodically cooling catalytic reactors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine in which a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between exhaust gas and a working medium and a catalyst device for purifying exhaust gas integrally provided therein are arranged in an exhaust passage.
- a catalyst of an exhaust gas purifying device has a temperature range in which exhaust gas purifying performance can be effectively exhibited. For example, when the catalyst temperature is lower than the catalyst activation temperature, sufficient performance cannot be achieved. If the exhaust gas temperature is high as much as possible on the upstream side of the exhaust passage, an exhaust gas purifier is installed. The temperature of the catalyst is raised to the catalyst activation temperature by heating the gas purifier or heating the exhaust gas purifier with the combustion gas generated in the heating combustor.
- the catalyst temperature of the exhaust gas purification device becomes higher than the catalyst deterioration temperature, the catalyst deteriorates and the exhaust gas purification performance decreases, so the air-fuel ratio of the internal combustion engine is set to be richer than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and the unburned fuel
- the catalyst is cooled with the heat of vaporization to maintain the temperature below the catalyst deterioration temperature.
- heat exchangers are disposed in the exhaust passage on the upstream side and the exhaust passage on the downstream side of the exhaust gas purification device, respectively, so that the temperature of the exhaust gas purification device can be reduced.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-93110 discloses a device that achieves both performance and waste heat recovery performance of a heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger provided in the exhaust passage on the upstream side of the catalyst acts as an extra heat capacity, so that the heat energy of the exhaust gas is absorbed by the heat exchanger during the cold start of the internal combustion engine.
- the catalyst temperature exceeds the catalyst deterioration temperature the heat exchanger on the upstream side exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and the working fluid to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas, and the temperature of the exhaust gas decreases. In this case, the temperature of the catalyst is cooled to a temperature lower than the catalyst deterioration temperature, so that the response of the catalyst temperature is low, so that there is a problem that prompt temperature control is difficult.
- the catalyst generates heat due to the exhaust gas purification reaction
- the catalyst described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-93110 effectively utilizes the heat generated by the catalyst in the exhaust gas purification reaction in the heat exchanger. I haven't.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in an internal combustion engine in which a catalyst device is integrally provided inside a heat exchanger and arranged in an exhaust passage, heat generated by the catalyst device is effectively used in the heat exchanger.
- the goal is to improve the exhaust gas purification performance by maintaining the catalyst temperature appropriately while using it.
- a catalyst device for purifying exhaust gas is integrally provided inside a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the exhaust gas and a working medium. Is located in the heat exchanger near the position where the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the working medium is minimized, and the temperature of the exhaust gas is higher than the catalyst inert temperature.
- An internal combustion engine characterized by arranging a catalytic device in a region is proposed.
- the catalyst device since the catalyst device is arranged near the position where the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the working medium is minimized inside the heat exchanger, the portion where the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is lowest is obtained.
- the reaction heat generated by the catalyst device can be effectively given to the working medium of the heat exchanger, and the performance of the heat exchanger can be improved by effectively utilizing the reaction heat generated by the catalyst device.
- the catalyst device since the catalyst device is disposed in a region where the temperature of the exhaust gas is higher than the catalyst inactive temperature, the exhaust gas purification performance can be improved.
- the catalyst device is arranged on the upstream side in the exhaust gas flow direction from the position where the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the working medium is minimized.
- the catalyst device since the catalyst device is disposed upstream of the position where the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the working medium is minimized, the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the working medium downstream of the catalyst device is reduced.
- the reaction heat generated by the catalyst device is effectively applied to the position where the heat exchanger is minimized, thereby maximizing the performance of the heat exchanger.
- an internal combustion engine characterized in that, in addition to the first aspect, a catalyst device is arranged in a two-phase region of a working medium.
- the catalyst device is arranged in the two-phase region of the working medium in which the temperature is kept constant, so that the catalyst temperature is stabilized and the catalyst temperature drops to the catalyst inactive temperature or rises to the catalyst deterioration temperature. Can be reliably prevented.
- first-stage heat exchanger H1 to the fifth-stage heat exchanger H5 of the embodiment correspond to the heat exchanger of the present invention
- first-stage metal catalyst unit 46A to the fourth-stage metal of the embodiment
- the catalyst device 46 D corresponds to the catalyst device of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylinder head portion of an internal combustion engine
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG. 1
- FIG. Fig. 4 is a view taken along the line 4-14 in Fig. 3
- Fig. 5 is a view taken along the line 5-5 in Fig. 3
- Fig. 6 is a view taken along the line 6-6 in Fig. 3
- Fig. 7 Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 in Fig.
- Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in Fig. 4
- Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-19 in Fig. 2
- Fig. 10 is 10-10 'in Fig. 2.
- Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 2
- Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of part 12 of Fig. 9, and
- Figs. 13A to 13C show the heat transfer tubes of the fourth stage heat exchanger.
- Fig. 14, Fig. 14 is an exploded perspective view of the metal catalyst unit and the third stage heat exchanger
- Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the water supply path of the evaporator
- Fig. 16 is the minimum temperature difference position and the installation position of the metal catalyst unit
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the installation positions of the metal catalyst devices of the example and the comparative example
- FIG. 18 is an exhaust gas temperature
- Fig. 19 shows the measurement points of temperature and catalyst temperature.
- Fig. 19 shows how the amount of heat obtained by water changes depending on the presence or absence of a catalyst device.
- Fig. 20 shows how the catalyst temperature changes depending on the amount of water supply. This is a graph that indicates BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE IN
- the internal combustion engine E is provided with a cylinder block 11, a cylinder head 12, and a head cover 13, which are vertically stacked, and a cylinder bore 14 formed in the cylinder block 11.
- the piston 15 is slidably fitted on the piston.
- the intake port 17 and exhaust port 18 connected to the combustion chamber 16 formed in the cylinder head 12 the intake port 17 is bored inside the cylinder head 12 as before.
- the exhaust port 18 is formed of a separate member and connected to the cylinder head 12.
- the upper end of the stem 21 of the intake valve 20 that opens and closes the intake valve hole 19 abuts one end of the intake rocker arm 23 pivotally supported by the intake rocker arm shaft 22 to open and close the exhaust valve hole 24.
- the upper end of the stem 26 of the exhaust valve 25 abuts on one end of an exhaust rocker arm 28 pivotally supported by an exhaust rocker arm shaft 27.
- the other end of the intake rocker arm 23 and the other end of the exhaust rocker arm 28 correspond to an intake cam 30 and an exhaust cam 31 provided on a camshaft 29 that rotates in conjunction with a crank shaft (not shown). The contact causes the intake valve 20 and the exhaust valve 25 to open and close.
- An exhaust gas purifying device C integrated with an evaporator is provided on the exhaust side surface of the cylinder head 12.
- the structure of the evaporator-integrated exhaust gas purifying apparatus C will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 15.
- the evaporator uses the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine E as a heat source to generate steam whose temperature and pressure have been increased.
- the evaporator has an exhaust port 18 as a base end and an exhaust passage 3 3 connected to an exhaust pipe 32 (see Fig. 1).
- heat exchangers H1 to H5 arranged in the exhaust passage 33 to exchange heat with the exhaust gas, and a metal catalyst device 46A to 46D described later. Is installed in the third stage heat exchanger H3.
- the exhaust port 18 is located on the upstream side in the flow direction of the exhaust gas and has an approximately constant diameter portion 18a having a substantially constant diameter.
- a fifth-stage heat exchanger H5 is provided on the outer periphery of the equal-diameter portion 18a, and the inside of the enlarged-diameter portion 18b is provided. Is equipped with a fourth stage heat exchanger H4.
- the fifth-stage heat exchanger H5 is composed of one heat transfer tube 3 4 wound about 5 turns around the outer circumference of the It is composed of
- the fourth-stage heat exchanger H4 is composed of one heat transfer tube 35 wound in multiple stages and housed inside the enlarged diameter portion 18b.
- the heat pipe 34 is connected to the heat transfer pipe 35 of the fourth-stage heat exchanger H 4 through an opening (not shown) formed in the exhaust port 18.
- the heat transfer tube 35 of the fourth-stage heat exchanger H4 is formed so as to follow the internal shape of the expanded portion 18b of the exhaust port 18.
- the inner layer coil is wound from the back (left side in the figure) to the front (right side in the figure) while decreasing in diameter, and the inner layer is folded back at the front end.
- the coil is wound with its diameter increasing from the front to the back, and the outer layer coil that is folded back at the rear end is wound with the diameter decreasing from the back to the front.
- the water inlet shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B is connected to the upstream third-stage heat exchanger H3 described later, and the water outlet shown in FIG. 13C is connected to the downstream fifth-stage heat exchanger H3. Connected to H5 heat transfer tube 34.
- the circled numbers 1 to ⁇ ⁇ shown in FIG. 13A indicate the paths through which water flows in the heat transfer tubes 35.
- the heat transfer tube 35 of the fourth-stage heat exchanger H4 was wound in a triple coil shape tapered along the inner shape of the expanded portion 18b of the exhaust port 18 so that this expansion was achieved. A rectifying action can be given to the exhaust gas flowing through the diameter portion 18b, thereby contributing to a reduction in flow resistance.
- a disc-shaped distribution passage forming member 41 is connected to the rear end of the enlarged diameter portion 18 b of the exhaust port 18.
- a second spiral distribution passage 43 is formed between the two distribution passage formation members 41 and 42 by joining another disc-shaped distribution passage formation member 42 to the rear surface of the first distribution passage by brazing.
- the upstream end of the heat transfer tube 35 of the fourth-stage heat exchanger H4 is connected to the radially outer end of the second spiral distribution passage 43 by a method described later.
- a helical opening 44 is formed in each of the distribution passage forming members 41 and 42 along the second helical distribution passage 43.
- the cross-section of the helical opening 4 4 has its outlet side inclined outward in the radial direction so as to follow the inclination of the enlarged portion 18 b of the exhaust port 18, and a number of guide vanes 45 inside the interior. Mounted at an angle. Therefore, the exhaust gas supplied from the enlarged diameter portion 18 b of the exhaust port 18 becomes a swirling flow while diffusing outward in the radial direction when passing through the spiral opening 44.
- a thick flange 18c is formed at the rear end of the enlarged diameter portion 18b of the exhaust port 18 and a circular step 18d extending rearward at the radially outer end of the flange 18c. Is formed.
- the outer periphery of the front surface of the disc-shaped distribution passage forming member 4 1 is fitted into the step 18 d of the exhaust port 18 and two pin holes 18 formed in the flange 18 c of the exhaust port 18
- Two pins 36 and 36 are fitted into e and 18 e and two pin holes 41 a and 41 a formed in the distribution passage forming member 41, respectively.
- the distribution passage forming member 41, the exhaust port 18 and the two pins 36, 36 are connected by brazing.
- the inner periphery of the step 18 d of the flange 18 c has a chamfer of 18 g, and the distribution passage forming member 41 is connected to the exhaust port 18.
- the downstream end (radially outer end) of the second spiral distribution passage 43 formed between the two distribution passage forming members 41, 42 and the upstream end of the heat transfer tube 35 of the fourth stage heat exchanger H4. are connected through the flange 18 c of the exhaust port 18. That is, a passage 41 b connected to the downstream end of the second spiral distribution passage 43 and penetrating through the distribution passage forming member 41 is formed in the distribution passage forming member 41, and the flange 1 of the exhaust port 18 is formed. A passage 18 f communicating with the passage 41 b is formed in 8 c.
- the passage 18 f of the flange 18 c is bent in an L shape, and the upstream end of the heat transfer tube 35 of the fourth-stage exchanger H 4 fits into the portion that opens to the inner surface of the exhaust port 18. (See Figure 3).
- the distribution passage forming member 41 and the exhaust port 18 are positioned in the circumferential direction by the pins 36 and 36, and are positioned in the radial direction by the step 18d of the exhaust port 18.
- the passages 4 1 b of the distribution passage forming member 41 and the passage 18 f of the exhaust port 18 are communicated without displacement, and the high-temperature and high-pressure steam flows smoothly. Further, it is possible to reliably prevent the steam from leaking from the joint surface between the distribution passage forming member 41 and the exhaust port 18.
- Paste brazing material is used for brazing the distribution passage forming member 41 and the exhaust port 18, and the brazing material is applied to the joint surface with an applicator (a syringe).
- a plurality of brazing grooves 41c ⁇ are formed in the distribution passage forming member 41, and the brazing material is applied to the grooves 41c ... in the grooves, thereby forming a brazing material.
- Strength And the sealing property can be further improved.
- a small-diameter (for example, about 1.0 mm) vent hole is formed to communicate the brazing groove 41c with the outside, and the gas generated when the brazing material is melted is released to the outside. Brazing can be done reliably. If a confirmation hole communicating with the joint surface is provided, it is possible to determine whether brazing is being performed reliably through this confirmation hole, and it is possible to enhance the reliability of brazing.
- the brazing filler metal used in the examples is Ni Base 905X manufactured by Tokyo Blaze Co., Ltd.
- the brazing temperature is 100 ° C. to 110 ° C., which is designed so that the heat of the exhaust gas does not melt the brazing material. As best shown in FIGS.
- the front end of the cylindrical case 47 that covers the outer periphery of the cylindrical case 47 is connected to the distribution passage forming member 42, and the two annular distribution passages that are connected to the rear end of the cylindrical case 47 in a state of being overlapped with each other.
- a fourth circular distribution passage 50 is formed between the forming members 48, 49, and the outer end of the first spiral distribution passage 51 formed by spirally bending a pipe is formed in the fourth circular distribution passage 50. Connected.
- Each of the first-stage metal catalyst unit 46 A to the fourth-stage metal catalyst unit 46 D arranged in series has a corrugated metal carrier 52 to 55 with a surface on which an exhaust gas purification catalyst is carried. It is formed in the shape of an annulus having different diameters and arranged concentrically. As shown in FIG. 12 in an enlarged manner, the phases of the waveforms of the metal carriers 52 to 55 of the metal catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D at each stage are shifted from each other by a half pitch.
- the third-stage heat exchanger H3 consists of four heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 wound in a coil shape with different diameters (see Fig. 14).
- the four heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 are arranged concentrically and alternately with the four metal carriers 52 to 55 of the first stage metal catalyst unit 46 A to the fourth stage metal catalyst unit 46 D. Then, it is stored in the cylindrical case 47.
- the downstream ends of the four heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 are connected to the intermediate portion of the second spiral distribution passage 43, and the upstream ends of the four heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 are the first spiral distribution tubes.
- Two cylindrical cases on the outside in the direction 6 0 and 61 are coaxially arranged, and the second-stage heat exchanger H2 is annularly arranged between both cylindrical cases 60 and 61.
- the second-stage heat exchanger H2 has a large number of heat transfer tubes 6 2 ... wound in one direction and a large number of heat transfer tubes 6 3 ... wound in the other direction.
- the heat transfer tubes are arranged alternately in a state where the parts are put together, thereby increasing the arrangement density of the heat transfer tubes 6 2.
- the outer circumferences of the first-stage metal catalyst unit 46 A to the fourth-stage metal catalyst unit 46 D and the third-stage heat exchanger H 3 are connected to the heat transfer tubes 6 2 of the second-stage heat exchanger H 2. ⁇ , 6 3...
- annular distribution passage forming member 64 fixed to the front end of the outer cylindrical case 60 and an annular distribution passage forming member 65 coupled to the front surface of the distribution passage forming member 64
- Three circular distribution passages 66 are formed.
- the upstream ends of the heat transfer tubes 6 2..., 6 3... Of the second-stage heat exchanger H 2 are connected to the third circular distribution passage 66, and the downstream ends of the heat transfer tubes 6 2. It is connected to the fourth circular distribution passage 50.
- the first-stage metal catalyst unit 46A to the fourth-stage metal catalyst unit 46D and the third-stage heat exchanger H A dish-shaped end cap 6 7 covering the rear surface of 3 is fixed.
- the detachable cover 71 constituting the outer shell of the exhaust gas purifying apparatus C integrated with the evaporator is provided with a plate-shaped distribution passage forming member 72 having an exhaust hole 72 at the center thereof, which is connected to the exhaust pipe 32.
- a cylindrical case 75 located radially outward and a cylindrical case 76 located radially inward extend forward from the distribution passage forming member 73 with a small gap, and the outer cylinder is formed.
- Mounting plate 7 fixed to 2 7 Flange 7 9 provided at the rear end is superimposed and bolted 80 It is fastened to 1 and 2.
- An annular distribution passage forming member 81 is fixed to the front end of the inner cylindrical case 76, and the annular distribution passage forming member 82 is connected to the front surface of the distribution passage forming member 81 to form the second distribution passage forming member 82.
- a circular distribution passage 83 is formed.
- the first circular distribution channel 74 and the second circular distribution channel 83 are identical and face each other.
- a cup-shaped inner wall member 84 is housed inside the cover 71.
- the first-stage heat exchanger H1 is arranged between the peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical case 76.
- the first-stage heat exchanger HI has a structure similar to that of the second-stage heat exchanger H2, and includes a number of heat transfer tubes 85 wound in one direction and a coil in the other direction. A large number of the heat transfer tubes 86 are alternately arranged with a part of them joined together, and the outer circumference of the second-stage heat exchanger H2 is surrounded by these heat transfer tubes 85, 86, ... .
- the upstream ends of the heat transfer tubes 85, 86, ... are connected to the first circular distribution passage 74, and the downstream ends are connected to the second circular distribution passage 83.
- Heat transfer tube 34 of 5th stage heat exchanger H5, heat transfer tube 35 of 4th stage heat exchanger H4, heat transfer tube 56-59 of 3rd stage heat exchanger ri3, transfer of 2nd stage heat exchanger H2 63, the first-stage heat exchanger HI's heat transfer tubes 85 ', 86 ... are made of heat-resistant stainless steel (one stainless steel, for example, SUS316L, SUS310) Preference is given to S or ferrite based alloys, eg S US 430, SUS 444), or nickel-based heat-resistant alloys. In addition, brazing, laser welding, or mechanical restraint is preferable for connecting the heat transfer tubes.
- the metal carriers 52 to 55 of the first-stage metal catalyst unit 46 A to the fourth-stage metal catalyst unit 46 D are heat-resistant stainless steel (for example, 20 wt% Cr—5 wt% A 1 ferritic stainless steel). ) Or a metal foil of a nickel-base heat-resistant alloy (having a thickness of 0.1 mm or less) is preferable.
- a water supply port 87 to which water as a source of high-pressure steam is supplied is provided in the first circular distribution passage 74, and the first circular distribution passage 74 is provided in the first-stage heat exchange.
- the second circular distribution passage 83 communicates with the third circular distribution passage 66 via the communication passage 88 via a number of heat transfer tubes 85-, 86... Of the vessel HI.
- the third circular distribution passage 66 communicates with the fourth circular distribution passage 50 via the heat transfer tubes 62, 63, ... of the second-stage heat exchanger H2, and the fourth circular distribution passage 50 is the first spiral distribution.
- the passage 51 communicates with the four heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 of the third-stage heat exchanger H3.
- the four heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 of the third-stage heat exchanger H3 include a second spiral distribution passage 43, a heat-transfer tube 35 of the fourth-stage heat exchanger H4, and a fifth-stage heat exchanger H5.
- the water supplied from the water supply port 87 is supplied to the first-stage heat exchanger H1 ⁇ second-stage heat exchanger H2 ⁇ third-stage heat exchanger H3 ⁇ fourth-stage heat exchanger H4 ⁇
- heat is exchanged between the exhaust gas exiting the internal combustion engine E and flowing in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the water. Turns into steam.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine E passes through the equal-diameter portion 18a of the exhaust port 18 while the fifth heat-transfer tube 34 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the equal-diameter portion 18a.
- the exhaust gas flowing into the enlarged diameter portion 18b from the equal diameter portion 18a of the exhaust port 18 is formed of a triple coil heat transfer tube 35 housed inside the enlarged diameter portion 18b.
- the heat exchange is performed by directly contacting the stage heat exchanger H4.
- the exhaust gas exiting the exhaust port 18 passes through the inside of the first-stage metal catalyst unit 46A to the fourth-stage metal catalyst unit 46D to purify harmful components.
- the fourth-stage metal catalyst unit 46A to 46D exchanges heat with the third-stage heat exchanger H3 composed of heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 arranged concentrically.
- Exhaust gas that has passed through the first- to fourth-stage metal catalyst units 46 A to 46 D and the third-stage heat exchanger H 3 is blocked by the end cap 67, making a U-turn, and a pair of cylindrical casings.
- Heat is exchanged while flowing from the rear to the front through the second-stage heat exchanger H2 composed of heat transfer tubes 6 2. ° The direction is changed and heat is generated while flowing through the first-stage heat exchanger H1 consisting of heat transfer tubes 8 5 ⁇ , 8 6 ⁇ arranged between the cylindrical case 76 and the inner wall member 84. It is exchanged and finally discharged to the exhaust pipe 32 from the exhaust hole 72 a of the distribution passage forming member 72.
- the exhaust gas that has passed through the second-stage heat exchanger H2 diffuses radially outward when passing through the spiral opening 44 connected to the enlarged diameter portion 18b of the exhaust port 18, and the spiral opening 4 A swirling flow is created by the guide vanes 4 5 mounted inside the 4.
- the exhaust gas uniformly acts on the entire first to fourth stage metal catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D, and the inside of the first to fourth stage metal catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D ,
- the residence time of the exhaust gas can be lengthened to enhance the exhaust gas purification effect. Also, as shown in FIG.
- the first- to fourth-stage metal catalyst units 46 A to 46 It is possible to increase the exhaust gas purifying effect by extending the residence time of the exhaust gas in D, and to increase the heat exchange efficiency of the adjacent third-stage heat exchanger H3.
- the pipe length is reduced.
- the pipe length is reduced.
- the inner heat transfer tube having a shorter pipe length.
- the first and second spiral distribution passages 51, 43 are connected.
- the flow path lengths of the four heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 including a part of the flow path lengths of the heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 can be made as uniform as possible, and the pressure drop difference between the heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 can be reduced.
- first- to fourth-stage metal catalyst units 46 A to 46 D and the third-stage heat exchanger H 3 are integrated so that they can exchange heat with each other.
- the reaction heat generated in 46 A to 46 D can be recovered by the third-stage heat exchanger H 3 to improve the heat energy recovery effect, and the flow rate of water flowing through the third-stage heat exchanger H 3
- the first- to fourth-stage metal catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D are heated and activated, and the first to fourth-stage metal catalyst devices 46 A to 4 D are heated. 6D can be cooled to improve durability.
- Exhaust gas that has passed through the first to fourth stage metal catalyst units 46 A to 46 D and the third stage heat exchanger H 3 passes through the first spiral distribution passage 5 composed of spiral pipe material. It also exchanges heat when passing through 1. Since the exhaust gas flow is dispersed by the first spiral distribution passage 51, a heat spot is prevented from being generated at the end cap 67 located at the position where the exhaust gas is turned back, and severe thermal conditions are applied. It is possible to protect the end cap 67 below and prevent heat radiation from the end cap 67. Moreover, since the first spiral distribution passage 51 made of a spiral pipe material is flexible, it can absorb the difference in the amount of thermal expansion between the four heat transfer tubes 56 to 59 having different overall lengths. .
- first to third-stage heat exchangers H1 to H3 and the first to fourth-stage metal catalyst units 46A to 46D are laminated in a radial direction and arranged in a maze, so This not only effectively prevents the exhaust noise from leaking out of the exhaust gas purifier C integrated with the evaporator, but also the first- to fifth-stage heat exchangers H1 to H 5, the effect of reducing the exhaust gas temperature can be obtained. As a result, the exhaust muffler can be simplified or omitted, and the exhaust device itself can be reduced in size and weight.
- the degree of freedom in designing heat resistance increases, and materials such as plastic are used for the exhaust passage. It can be used.
- the degree of freedom of the shape of the exhaust passage, the degree of freedom of attachment to the vehicle, the degree of freedom for cooling, and the like are increased, and the vehicle which was conventionally restricted by the exhaust system is This increases the degree of freedom in overall design and contributes to the weight reduction of the exhaust system.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas gradually decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the flow direction, and the temperature of water or steam (working medium) flowing in the opposite direction to the exhaust gas increases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the flow direction.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas is constantly kept higher than the temperature of the working medium, and heat transfer from the exhaust gas to the working medium takes place.
- the working medium is initially in a water-only state (liquid phase region), and when the working medium is heated by the heat of the exhaust gas, it transitions to a state in which water and steam are mixed (two-phase region), and the exhaust gas When the working medium is further heated by heat, it shifts to a state of only vapor (gas phase region).
- the temperature of the mixture of water and steam is maintained at a constant value.
- the catalysts of the first to fourth metal catalyst units 46 A to 46 D do not function sufficiently due to the low temperature.
- the catalyst inactive temperature region corresponds to a part of the upstream side of the liquid phase region.
- the catalyst deterioration temperature region where the catalyst is deteriorated due to the high temperature corresponds to a part of the downstream side of the gas phase region. Therefore, the first stage is located in the catalyst active temperature region sandwiched between the catalyst inactive temperature region and the catalyst degradation temperature region, that is, any of the downstream region of the liquid phase region, the entire region of the two-phase region, and the upstream region of the gas phase region.
- the upper limit of the catalyst activation temperature range of an internal combustion engine used in mobile devices such as automobiles and having output fluctuations is 800 to 900 ° C, and the lower limit is 2 ° C. 50 to 300C.
- the upper limit of the catalyst activation temperature range in an internal combustion engine with a constant output used for stationary plant equipment such as a power generator is 500 to 600 ° C, and the lower limit is 100 ° C. 0 to 200 ° C.
- the liquid phase region corresponds to the first-stage heat exchanger H1 and the second-stage heat exchanger H2
- the two-phase region corresponds to the third-stage heat exchanger H3
- the gas-phase region corresponds to the third-stage heat exchanger H3.
- four-stage heat exchanger H4 and fifth-stage heat exchanger H5. The temperature difference between the exhaust gas temperature and the working medium temperature is minimized at the boundary between the liquid phase region and the two-phase region (that is, at the boundary between the second-stage heat exchanger H2 and the third-stage heat exchanger H3).
- the first to fourth stage metal catalyst units 46A to 4 6D is incorporated.
- the first- to fourth-stage metal catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D generate heat due to the exhaust gas purification reaction of the catalyst, so that the first to fourth-stage metal catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D are generated. Is disposed near the minimum temperature difference position, that is, inside the third-stage heat exchanger H3, the working medium is effectively heated by the heat generated by the catalyst, and the third-stage heat exchanger H3 3, the efficiency can be increased.
- the reaction heat generated in the catalyst is directly The working medium can be effectively heated by effectively operating at the minimum temperature difference position downstream.
- the first to fourth stage meta The catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D are arranged in a two-phase region of the working medium having a constant temperature, and the constant temperature is a catalyst activation temperature, so that the catalyst has stable exhaust gas purification performance. Can be demonstrated.
- the first to fourth stage metal catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D are arranged inside the third stage heat exchanger H 3 corresponding to the two-phase region of the working medium.
- the position corresponding to the liquid phase region for example, it can be disposed inside the second-stage heat exchanger H2.
- the minimum temperature difference position corresponds to the second-stage heat exchange. Such a case may occur if the temperature difference is located at the boundary between the heat exchanger H2 and the third-stage heat exchanger H3, but the minimum temperature difference is shifted within the second-stage heat exchanger H2.
- Figure 19 shows how the amount of heat obtained by the working medium (that is, water) changes depending on the presence or absence of a catalytic device.
- Figure 20 shows that the catalyst bed temperature depends on the amount of supplied water (that is, the steam flow rate). It shows how it changes.
- Figure 18 shows the locations of the measurement points at each temperature to obtain the above-mentioned data. That is, the exhaust gas inlet temperature is measured at the exhaust gas inlet of the evaporator, the exhaust gas outlet temperature is measured at the exhaust gas outlet of the evaporator, the water inlet temperature is measured at the water inlet of the evaporator, and the water outlet temperature is evaporated.
- the catalyst bed temperature is measured near the exhaust gas inlet of the catalytic device, and is measured at the water outlet of the vessel.
- Table 1 and FIG. 17 show that the first to fourth stage metal catalyst units 46 A to 46 D are arranged in the two-phase region (first embodiment) and the first to fourth stage metal catalyst units.
- Catalyst devices 46 A to 46 D arranged in the liquid phase region (second embodiment) and first to fourth stage metal catalyst devices without 46 A to 46 D (first comparison) Example) and one in which the first to fourth metal catalyst devices 46A to 46D are arranged in the gas phase region (second comparative example).
- the first and second examples are superior to the first and second comparative examples. I understand.
- the present invention can be applied to an internal combustion engine for any use in which a heat exchanger integrally including a catalyst device is disposed in an exhaust passage.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE60209338T DE60209338T2 (de) | 2001-01-26 | 2002-01-21 | Brennkraftmaschine |
JP2002559942A JPWO2002059467A1 (ja) | 2001-01-26 | 2002-01-21 | 内燃機関 |
EP02715847A EP1361346B1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2002-01-21 | Internal combustion engine |
US10/470,081 US7096664B2 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2002-01-21 | Internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001-019104 | 2001-01-26 | ||
JP2001019104 | 2001-01-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002059467A1 true WO2002059467A1 (fr) | 2002-08-01 |
Family
ID=18885041
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/000383 WO2002059467A1 (fr) | 2001-01-26 | 2002-01-21 | Moteur a combustion interne |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7096664B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1361346B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2002059467A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60209338T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002059467A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20170082433A (ko) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-07-14 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | 열 전달 장치 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4483901B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-29 | 2010-06-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | エンジンシステム |
US20100096115A1 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-22 | Donald Charles Erickson | Multiple concentric cylindrical co-coiled heat exchanger |
PL217698B1 (pl) * | 2010-07-28 | 2014-08-29 | Gen Electric | Sposób naprawiania metalowego elementu składowego turbiny i metalowy element składowy turbiny |
EP3128278B1 (de) * | 2015-08-06 | 2018-06-20 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Zufuhr und entnahme von rohrströmen mit zwischentemperatur bei gewickelten wärmeübertragern |
Citations (3)
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JPH05256162A (ja) * | 1992-03-11 | 1993-10-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | ガスタービンエンジン |
JP2000045764A (ja) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | エンジンの排ガス浄化およびその排ガス熱回収装置 |
EP1033481A1 (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 2000-09-06 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | An exhaust heat exchanger with catalyst |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB1270782A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1972-04-12 | Inst Gornogo Dela Sibirskogo O | Apparatus for purifying engine exhaust gases |
DE2509210A1 (de) * | 1975-03-04 | 1976-09-16 | Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia | Katalysatorvorrichtung zur entgiftung der auspuffgase von brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere dieselmotoren, fuer den einsatz in untertaegigen grubenraeumen oder sonstigen gefaehrdeten raeumen |
JPS6131131Y2 (ja) * | 1981-03-26 | 1986-09-10 | ||
JPS6093110A (ja) * | 1983-10-26 | 1985-05-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | エンジン排熱回収装置 |
US5033264A (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1991-07-23 | Tecogen Inc. | Compact cogeneration system |
US5272874A (en) * | 1991-09-26 | 1993-12-28 | Dry Systems Technologies | Exhaust treatment system |
DE19817342A1 (de) | 1997-05-02 | 1998-11-05 | Volkswagen Ag | Abgasanlage mit einem Katalysator und einem Wärmetauscher für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
US6832475B2 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2004-12-21 | Honda Giken Koygo Kabushi Kaisha | Combustion gas purifier and internal combustion engine |
US6511355B1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2003-01-28 | Bombardier Motor Corporation Of America | Catalyst exhaust system |
JP2002097946A (ja) * | 2000-09-25 | 2002-04-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の廃熱回収装置 |
-
2002
- 2002-01-21 EP EP02715847A patent/EP1361346B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-21 US US10/470,081 patent/US7096664B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-01-21 WO PCT/JP2002/000383 patent/WO2002059467A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2002-01-21 DE DE60209338T patent/DE60209338T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-01-21 JP JP2002559942A patent/JPWO2002059467A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05256162A (ja) * | 1992-03-11 | 1993-10-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | ガスタービンエンジン |
JP2000045764A (ja) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-15 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | エンジンの排ガス浄化およびその排ガス熱回収装置 |
EP1033481A1 (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 2000-09-06 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | An exhaust heat exchanger with catalyst |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1361346A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20170082433A (ko) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-07-14 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | 열 전달 장치 |
KR102087678B1 (ko) * | 2016-01-06 | 2020-03-13 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | 열 전달 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60209338T2 (de) | 2006-08-03 |
EP1361346A1 (en) | 2003-11-12 |
DE60209338D1 (de) | 2006-04-27 |
EP1361346A4 (en) | 2004-03-17 |
US20040128990A1 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
EP1361346B1 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
JPWO2002059467A1 (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
US7096664B2 (en) | 2006-08-29 |
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