WO2002010447A2 - Verfahren zum nachweis von nukleinsäuren mittels hybridisierung, verwendung dieses verfahrens und entsprechender analysekit sowie nukleinsäure-oligomere und deren verwendung - Google Patents
Verfahren zum nachweis von nukleinsäuren mittels hybridisierung, verwendung dieses verfahrens und entsprechender analysekit sowie nukleinsäure-oligomere und deren verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002010447A2 WO2002010447A2 PCT/EP2001/008895 EP0108895W WO0210447A2 WO 2002010447 A2 WO2002010447 A2 WO 2002010447A2 EP 0108895 W EP0108895 W EP 0108895W WO 0210447 A2 WO0210447 A2 WO 0210447A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- base sequence
- nucleic acid
- hybridization
- similar
- sequence
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
- C12Q1/6886—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material for cancer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q2600/00—Oligonucleotides characterized by their use
- C12Q2600/16—Primer sets for multiplex assays
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting at least one nucleic acid (target) with a specific base sequence (target sequence) in a sample by hybridization to at least one immobilized probe, the use of this method, analysis kits for carrying out this method and nucleic acid oligomers and their use for discrimination by Perfect Match and Mismatch.
- US Pat. No. 5,869,237 describes a method with which the chromosomal identity of mammalian-specific genomic DNA is to be determined.
- This DNA is initially amplified using primers which are complementary to repetitive sequences of the DNA.
- the amplificate is then hybridized against comparison DNA with a known identity, a competitor being added as much as possible in molar excess, which is complementary to said repetitive sequences and thus suppressing a possible hybridization between amplificate and comparison DNA via the repetitive sequences.
- Such suppression of hybridization signals of ubiquitous repetitive DNA sequences was already known from the area of chromosomal in-situ suppression hybridization (cf. WO 90/05789).
- competitive DNA is, for example, competitive PCR and similar methods in which the competitor DNA suppresses primer accumulation (cf. also US Pat. No. 5,627,054).
- a central problem in the hybridization of nucleic acids on immobilized probes is the discrimination of sequences which have a very similar sequence (base sequence). Such sequence constellations occur in many diagnostic questions, for example in the detection of individual point mutations and especially in cases in which permutations can be present on one and the same base.
- this problem is encountered, for example, in the genotype and subtype differentiation of the hepatitis C virus for interferon treatment, especially in the hypervariable region E1. Mutations in the UL97 gene of the DNA virus HCMV lead to resistance to the virostatic gancyclovir.
- codon 595 in which the following permutation spectrum can occur: TTG (Leu, wild type (wt)) mutates to TCG (Ser) or TGG (Trp).
- enterovirus strains such as polio viruses, coxackie viruses and echoviruses, between carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic papilloma virus strains and between the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and atypical mycobacteria.
- ATG (Met, wt) mutates to GTA (Val) or GTG (Val) or GTC (Val).
- haemophilia A (factor VIII) and haemophilia B (factor IX) can be mentioned: GAT (codon 542; Asp, wt) mutates to CAT (His) or TAT (Tyr) or CCA (codon 55; Pro, wt) mutates to CGA (Arg), CAA (Gin) or CTA (Leu).
- the detection of K-tas mutations which are very common in human tumors, also belongs to this problem area.
- the mutations are, in particular, mutations in codons 12, 13 (exon 1) and 61 (exon 2).
- K-ras encodes a protein with 189 amino acids, which is generally referred to as p21 R ⁇ S . It is a monomeric guanine nucleotide binding protein that is active in connection with GTP and inactive in connection with GDP and has its own GTPase activity. By mutations in codons 12, 13 and 61, p21 can be constitutively activated, whereby it loses its GTPase activity and thus remains permanently activated.
- K-ras mutations represent excellent targets for diagnostic and therapeutic questions.
- K-ras mutations are detected, for example, by means of direct DNA sequencing, allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization or restriction digestion techniques.
- Tissue samples from tumors and metastases tissue samples from tumors and metastases (native, frozen, paraffin blocks), cells from body fluids (blood, sputum, lavage, urine) with and without previous enrichment as well as stool samples are analyzed using highly sensitive techniques such as phage cloning, allele-specific PCR or repeated restriction digestion on K-ras mutations as early indicators of cancer or micro metastases.
- Khanna et al. in Onkogene (1999) 18, 27-38 propose to couple a first gene-specific PCR with a multiplex LDR assay. In this way, all point mutations in the K-tas codons 12, 13 or 61 should be detectable even in the presence of an excess of wild-type allel.
- the large number of primers used and their possible interactions with each other represent considerable disadvantages of this method.
- the mutation-enriching PCR described above allows a preferential amplification of mutant alleles even from a gene pool consisting predominantly of wild-type alleles.
- an amplification of the wild-type sequence is not completely suppressed, so that an amplificate is obtained even if the sample contains only wild-type alleles.
- the mere fact that an amplificate is obtained or not is therefore not sufficient to differentiate between wild type and mutant.
- different mutations are co-amplified. An effective way This technique therefore does not offer to distinguish between very similar base sequences, for example in the case of permutation on one and the same base.
- the task was therefore to provide a powerful method for discriminating sequences with a very similar base sequence.
- the present invention therefore relates to a method for detecting at least one nucleic acid with a certain base sequence in a sample by hybridization to at least one immobilized probe, which is characterized in that the hybridization is carried out in the presence of at least one nucleic acid oligomer with a base sequence which is similar is to the base sequence of the nucleic acid to be detected.
- This process preferably includes the following process steps:
- Step a) is expediently carried out under conditions under which intermolecular hybridization can take place.
- the presence of the nucleic acid oligomer reduces the hybrid formation between the probe and nucleic acids with a base sequence that is similar to the specific base sequence (mismatch), as a result of which preferential hybrid formation between the probe and nucleic acids with a base sequence that corresponds to the specific one Base sequence corresponds, is achieved (Perfect Match).
- nucleic acid denotes a sequence of naturally occurring nucleic acid bases, base analogs, base derivatives or mixed forms thereof. A distinction must be made between the actual bases on the one hand and the backbone that connects the bases and defines the sequence on the other.
- the nucleic acids include above all DNA and RNA as well as nucleic acids derived from them, such as cDNA, second strand cDNA, RNA (cDNA). With regard to the sample, particular mention should be made of dsDNA, cDNA and mRNA.
- the nucleic acids also include nucleic acid analogs, such as PNA (peptide nucleic acid), LNA (locked nucleic acid), PSNA (phosphothioate nucleic acid). In principle, these nucleic acid analogs can have the naturally occurring nucleic acid bases, which, however, are linked to one another in a different way than, for example, in DNA or RNA.
- the nucleic acids also include nucleic acids which have nucleic acid derivatives, such as hypoxanthines, 2,6-diaminopurine and / or methylcytosine, and modified, in particular labeled, nucleic acids.
- nucleic acid derivatives such as hypoxanthines, 2,6-diaminopurine and / or methylcytosine
- modified, in particular labeled, nucleic acids can in principle also have the naturally occurring nucleic acid bases. Markers can be introduced on bases and / or backbones.
- the linkages can correspond to DNA or RNA or the nucleic acid analogs.
- the nucleic acids can be double-stranded (ds) or single-stranded (ss), linear, branched or circular.
- the nucleic acid oligomer to be used according to the invention in the hybridization step competes with the nucleic acids present in the sample for binding to the immobilized probes.
- usable oligomers have a base sequence which is similar to a base sequence of a nucleic acid to be detected, but which does not correspond to this.
- base sequences are similar to one another if the base sequences differ in at least one base.
- one base sequence can have a base A, T, G or C, while the other base sequence has a base which deviates therefrom at the corresponding position.
- RNA bases A, U, G, C
- base sequences can also be similar to one another in the sense of the invention if one base sequence is to be assigned to the nucleic acids, for example DNA or RNA, and the other base sequence is to be assigned to nucleic acid analogs, for example PNA, LNA or PSNA.
- the bases are less important for the concept of similarity according to the invention than the backbone linking them.
- nucleic acid derivatives provided that corresponding bases such as base and base derivative, for example hypoxanthine and adenine, 2,6-diaminopurine and guanine or methylcytosine and cytosine, behave with regard to their hybridization to a jointly complementary base, in the present case Example thymine and uracil, cytosine or guanine, competitive.
- bases such as base and base derivative, for example hypoxanthine and adenine, 2,6-diaminopurine and guanine or methylcytosine and cytosine, behave with regard to their hybridization to a jointly complementary base, in the present case Example thymine and uracil, cytosine or guanine, competitive.
- nucleic acids with base sequences which are similar to one another in the sense of the invention hybridize with a nucleic acid which comprises a base sequence which is complementary to one of the base sequences, on the one hand completely (perfect match) and on the other hand incompletely in the case of at least one mismatch.
- the full hybridization corresponds to the specific hybridization in another aspect.
- a base sequence hybridizes with a complementary base sequence, e.g. Target sequence with a corresponding probe, but not with a different (non-complementary) base sequence.
- Base sequences of about 9 to 18, preferably consecutive, bases are considered to be similar in particular if they differ in 1, 2, or 3 bases and preferably in 1 base.
- Base sequences with approximately 19 to 28, 29 to 40 and 41 to 50 bases are considered to be similar in particular if they are in 1 to 5 and preferably 1 or 2, 1 to 6 and preferably 2 to 4 or 1 to 10 and preferably Distinguish 3 to 6 bases.
- similar base sequences comprise at least 9, preferably at least 12 and in particular at least 18 consecutive bases which differ in at most 3, in particular at most 2 and above all in a single base.
- Special cases of similar base sequences therefore concern point mutations and in particular permutations. If, for example, one starts from a certain base sequence, similar base sequences result from the fact that one base of this base sequence is replaced by another replaced. For example, a DNA with a certain base sequence can result in three further DNAs with a similar base sequence. If another base of this base sequence is replaced, a further set of three DNAs with a similar base sequence can result for the same DNA.
- a pool of three base sequences similar to the reference base sequence wild type
- the nucleic acids to be detected and - regardless of this - the nucleic acid oligomers to be used as competitor can comprise similar base sequences as part (s) of an overall sequence.
- a similar base sequence can be interrupted by a further base sequence, at least parts of this further base sequence being complementary to one another and, with appropriate duplex formation, the parts of the similar base sequence separated from one another in an arrangement which hybridize the entire similar base sequence allowed with a complementary consecutive base sequence.
- This embodiment can e.g. when using the principle prescribed by "molecular beacons”.
- the entire base sequence of a nucleic acid oligomer to be used as a competitor is similar to the base sequence of a nucleic acid to be detected. Accordingly, the base sequence of the competitor differs, in particular in a base, from a base sequence of the nucleic acid to be detected.
- the nucleic acid oligomer to be used as a competitor and one or more immobilized probes have base sequences which are similar to one another.
- this similarity relates to those probes which have a base sequence which is complementary to a base sequence of a nucleic acid to be detected (target probes).
- single-stranded nucleic acids with a length of 2 to 500 bases can be used as competitors. It goes without saying that the single-stranded nucleic acids also include denatured double-stranded nucleic acids.
- DNA, RNA and nucleic acid analogs and derivatives, such as - possibly modified - PNA, LNA and PSNA as well as modified DNA or RNA can be used.
- preferred nucleic acid oligomers with immobilized probes according to the invention form hybrids, the thermal stability of which is comparatively greater in the case of complementarity (perfect match) and comparatively less in the case of non-complementarity (mismatch). The T m difference between match and mismatch is therefore more pronounced than with DNA / DNA or DNA / RNA hybrids, which leads to better base mismatch discrimination.
- the nucleic acid oligomer is a PNA, LNA or PSNA oligomer.
- the length of suitable nucleic acid oligomers can vary. It depends primarily on the length of the nucleic acids to be detected and the immobilized probes. 6-40mers and in particular 15-25mers are preferred.
- the polarity of the nucleic acid oligomer can be in the sense or antisense direction in relation to the polarity of the immobilized probes.
- the nucleic acid oligomer comprises a base sequence which corresponds to that from which the base sequence to be detected is to be distinguished (discriminated). For the area of mutation detection, this is preferably the base sequence of the wild type.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for examining any samples of biological origin that can contain nucleic acids.
- One embodiment relates to body samples of human and animal origin. If necessary, the nucleic acids present in the sample are prepared. This work-up generally corresponds to normal practice. Samples such as blood and blood components or isolates thereof, tissue, native, frozen, fixed, with and without dissection, cells from body fluids, eg sputum, lavage, punctate, exudate and urine, or stool, can advantageously be examined using the method according to the invention. Accordingly, it is an in vitro method, for example the method described in WO 99/10528. This method is part of the present disclosure by reference. Amplified or non-amplified nucleic acids can be used for the hybridization step.
- amplification refers to the amplification of nucleic acids, i.e. the generation of many copies of certain nucleic acids.
- the amplification is at least linear and preferably exponential.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- LCR ligase chain reaction
- NASBA nucleic acid sequence-based amplification
- TMA Transcription-mediated amplification
- an amplification is carried out before the hybridization in the presence of at least one nucleic acid oligomer with a base sequence which is similar to a specific base sequence of the nucleic acid to be detected.
- This embodiment is based on the known principle of mutation-enriching PCR, namely a comparatively lower amplification of nucleic acids with a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of the nucleic acid oligomer than of nucleic acids with a base sequence similar to the base sequence of the nucleic acid oligomer.
- suitable nucleic acid oligomers and primers have common sequence segments which expediently cover the 3 'end of the primer.
- nucleic acids with a base sequence similar to the base sequence of the nucleic acid oligomer can be enriched in favor of nucleic acids with a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of the nucleic acid oligomer.
- the amplification of nucleic acids with a base sequence complementary to the base sequence of the nucleic acid oligomer - depending on the concentration of the nucleic acids in the sample and the amplification conditions used - can essentially be completely suppressed, it can but also sufficient amplificates are generated, which can then be detected in the subsequent hybridization step.
- nucleic acid oligomer to be used in the mutation-enriching PCR the above statements apply correspondingly to the nucleic acid oligomer used in the hybridization step.
- the nucleic acid oligomer is therefore also used for the discriminatory amplification of at least one nucleic acid to be detected in the presence of a nucleic acid with a similar base sequence by PCR or similar methods, and the amplification product is then hybridized in the presence of the same nucleic acid oligomer on immobilized probes.
- This is particularly advantageous if, despite mutation-enriching PCR, an amplificate with wild-type sequences is obtained, because in this case the hybrid hybridization according to the invention can be used to discriminate between mutated sequences and wild-type sequences which may be present in the amplificate.
- the amplification is not preceded by the hybridization. This applies in particular to the detection of mRNA or nucleic acids derived therefrom.
- the co-amplification of at least one control sequence is suitable as a general and / or specific PCR control, e.g. to rule out non-specific inhibition for cases in which no amplificate is obtained.
- the HLA-DRA1 sequence locus: HLA00663
- HKS human-specific control sequence
- the probes are usually single-stranded oligomers. DNA, RNA and nucleic acid analogs and derivatives, such as - possibly modified - PNA, LNA and PSNA as well as modified DNA or RNA can be used.
- the minimum length of the probes depends on the complexity of the sample, in particular the number of bases of nucleic acids to be detected, but also on the type of nucleic acid used as the probe and the thermodynamic stability that can be achieved between the sample and the probe.
- probes usually have a length of 8 to 60, preferably 13 to 25 and in particular 13 bases for DNA, 8 to 60, preferably 13 to 25 and in particular 13 bases for DNA-LNA hybrids, 8 to 60, preferably from 13 to 25 and in particular from 13 bases for PSNA, from 6 to 30, preferably from 8 to 18 and in particular from 9 bases for LNA, and from 6 to 18, preferably from 8 to 18 and in particular from 9 bases for PNA on.
- nucleic acids to be detected e.g. Amplificates, in particular PCR amplificates, viruses, plasmids and microorganisms
- Amplificates in particular PCR amplificates, viruses, plasmids and microorganisms
- With relatively high complexity of the nucleic acids to be detected e.g. Non-amplified RNA, total amplified RNA via cDNA, non-amplified total genomic DNA and amplified total genomic DNA, are longer probes, for synthetic probes in the range of 16-60 meres, are appropriate or the probes consist of PCR products, cDNA, plasmids or DNA, e.g. from lysed bacteria, which can also have an additional number of bases.
- a target probe generally has a base sequence which is essentially complementary to a region of a nucleic acid to be detected or, according to another aspect, can hybridize specifically with the region. Such a region corresponds at least in part to a specific target sequence.
- a control probe can in particular have the function of a normalization, mismatch, housekeeping, sample preparation, hybridization or amplification control and accordingly have a base sequence that is complementary to a base sequence of a reference nucleic acid, a nucleic acid to be detected with a similar base sequence, a constitutive expressed nucleic acid, for example a from ß 2 - microglobulin, beta-actin, GAPDH or transferrin receptor gene derived nucleic acid, a species-specific nucleic acid or an amplicon.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for the specific detection of a nucleic acid sequence with a certain base sequence and thus for the detection of nucleic acids which have one or possibly several such base sequences.
- a plurality of nucleic acid sequences with specific base sequences that may be similar to one another can also be specific at the same time be detected. Specifically, in this context means in particular sufficient discrimination against nucleic acids with a similar base sequence.
- the efficiency of the method is particularly evident when, in addition to the nucleic acids to be detected, the sample also contains at least one further nucleic acid whose base sequence and the base sequence (s) to be detected are similar. Accordingly, the present method is particularly advantageous when the sample can contain at least two nucleic acids with similar base sequences.
- a point mutation can be specifically detected by providing at least one test probe with a base sequence that is complementary to a base sequence comprising the point mutation, and another test probe with a base sequence that is complementary to the corresponding base sequence of the wild type.
- further test probes with a base sequence that is complementary to a base sequence comprising the respective point mutation can be provided.
- the nucleic acid competitor advantageously has a base sequence that is complementary to a base sequence of one of the probes, preferably a reference base sequence that can be selected for the similarity, in particular a base sequence of the wild type. It can also be expedient to carry out the method several times with different competitors using the same probes on several sample aliquots. Another possibility is to use several different competitors at the same time.
- the probes are coupled to a carrier, for example via covalent, adsorptive or via physical / chemical interactions between the probe and the surface. Suitable methods for achieving a suitable coupling are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the following materials can be used as carrier material: glass (standard glass, pyrex glass, quartz glass), plastics, preferably of high purity or less Inherent fluorescence (such as polyolefins, e.g. PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), polymethylpentene, polystyrene, PMMA (poly (methyl methacrylate)), polycarbonate, Teflon), metals (such as gold, chromium, copper, titanium, silicon), oxidic materials or Coatings (ceramics, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (TCO), silica, aluminum oxide).
- Inherent fluorescence such as polyolefins, e.g. PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), polymethylpentene, polystyrene, PMMA (poly (methyl methacrylate)), polycarbonate, Teflon
- metals such as gold, chromium, copper, titanium, silicon
- oxidic materials or Coatings cer
- the carrier materials can be in the form of membranes (such as polysaccharides, polycarbonate, Nafion, Langmuir-Blodget membranes), three-dimensional structures (such as gels, for example polyacrylamide, agarose, ceramics) or molded parts made of the above materials, such as foils and dipsticks.
- membranes such as polysaccharides, polycarbonate, Nafion, Langmuir-Blodget membranes
- three-dimensional structures such as gels, for example polyacrylamide, agarose, ceramics
- molded parts made of the above materials, such as foils and dipsticks.
- the probes are applied to the surface by pipetting, dispensing, printing, stamping or photolithographic techniques, in particular in the case of the likewise possible in-situ synthesis of the probes on the surface. Different probes are preferably applied to the surface in a two-dimensional pattern. Each probe can then be assigned a unique position on the surface.
- the hybridization components are allowed to act on one another under conditions which permit duplex formation between the nucleic acid to be detected and the probe complementary thereto.
- the immobilized probe is brought into contact with a hybridization mixture which comprises the sample or a part derived therefrom, at least one nucleic acid oligomer and, if appropriate, other customary additives.
- parts of the mixture can initially be brought into contact with the probe separately from one another.
- the hybridization conditions are expediently chosen so that the probe and the complementary target can form stable hybrids.
- the appropriate single strands can be generated if necessary by denaturing double strands.
- conditions of relatively low stringency are initially selected, for example temperatures of approximately 20-50 ° C.
- the proof in the sense of the invention includes the determination of whether a specific target, i.e. a particular sequence of nucleic acid bases present or not in a sample (presence or absence). The determination can be made qualitatively or quantitatively.
- the detection requires a quantification of those nucleic acids that hybridize to an immobilized probe.
- the quantification can be absolute or relative.
- Suitable detection systems are well known to the person skilled in the art.
- a widely used possibility is the introduction of markings, e.g. radioactive, colorimetric, fluorescent or luminescent type. These are generally introduced into the nucleic acids present in the sample and in particular into the nucleic acids to be detected with a certain base sequence or nucleic acids with a similar base sequence, e.g. in the course of an amplification preceding the hybridization or in another manner known per se.
- nucleic acids to be detected are labeled with a certain base sequence or nucleic acids with a similar base sequence, it is expedient not to label the nucleic acid oligomer to be used as a competitor or at least not to use any label which interferes with it.
- the discrimination between perfect match and mismatch of similar base sequences after hybridization on immobilized probes is generally more than 3: 1.
- the sensitivity of the method according to the invention when using a mutation-enriching amplification and subsequent competitive hybridization on immobilized probes is generally more than 1:10, preferably more than 1: 100.
- sample contains double-stranded nucleic acids.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a nucleic acid oligomer as a competitor in hybridization to at least one immobilized probe to discriminate between perfect match and mismatch. This enables the specific detection of a nucleic acid with a certain base sequence forming the perfect match.
- Use in hybridization to at least two immobilized probes is preferred, one probe being able to form the perfect match and the other the mismatch.
- the two probes have base sequences that are similar to one another.
- the present invention furthermore relates to nucleic acid competitors for discriminating perfect match and mismatch in the hybridization of nucleic acids to at least one immobilized probe. Specific configurations of these competitors can be found in the explanations of the method and use.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for the detection of certain genetic information of any organism or of parts thereof.
- the method offers advantages in differentiating between similar information.
- the information can be genomic. However, you can also express genes, e.g. at the mRNA level.
- the method focuses on the detection of mutations in cells from body fluids or tissues of animal or human origin. For this purpose cells can be obtained in a manner known per se, e.g. are taken from the individual to be examined in the form of a cell-containing sample, enriched if necessary and examined using the method according to the invention.
- a special method for isolating disseminated cancer cells is described in WO 00/06702. This method is part of the present disclosure by reference.
- Another particular object of the present invention is therefore the use of a method described above for the identification and characterization of mutations, especially in cells, especially in cancer cells.
- This application ranges from cancer diagnosis and monitoring to the choice of therapy through targeted drug targeting after the detection of certain genetic characteristics.
- Another application relates to the detection of viruses or bacteria, for example the organisms mentioned at the beginning, in particular with differentiation of different genotypes, e.g. different strains of one species.
- a particular application of the method according to the invention relates to the detection of mutations in codons 12, 13 and 61 of the human K-ras gene. This affects everyone any of the theoretically possible mutations in these codons. Accordingly, this embodiment is directed to the detection of at least one nucleic acid with a base sequence that is similar to a base sequence of the human K-ras gene.
- such base sequences include as codon 12 GAT, GTT, GCT, TGT, AGT, CGT, CTT or ATT instead of GGT and / or as codon 13 TGC or GAC instead of GGC and / or as codon 61 CAT, CAC, CTA, CGA or GAA instead of CAA, the remaining bases of these base sequences corresponding to those of the human K-ras gene.
- At least one nucleic acid oligomer is used which has a base sequence comprising codons 12 and 13.
- nucleic acid oligomers with a base sequence that corresponds to that of the wild type represents a further special aspect.
- the mutation-enriching PCR is preceded by the hybridization.
- a 15mer PNA oligomer (wt sequence, polarity antisense) can be designed so that it overlaps codons 12 and 13 and 3 bases protrude into the binding site of the antisense PCR primer.
- the PNA oligomer is complementary to the wild-type sequence (polarity: antisense). By binding to the sense wild-type sequence, it reduces the amplification of the wild-type during the PCR. Mutated sequences are preferentially amplified - even in the presence of an excess of wild-type sequence.
- a co-amplification of HLA-DRA1 can advantageously be carried out in a multiplex approach.
- This serves as proof of the function of the PCR, since in the absence of a mutation there is no or only a small amount of PCR product, and is particularly advantageous for the detection of K-ras mutations in stool samples, since a high concentration of animal nucleic acids may also be extracted here the sequence of the HLA-DRA1 of human DNA selected for co-amplification does not occur in the DNA of animal origin.
- both the amplification and the hybridization can be carried out in the presence of the same nucleic acid oligomer. In this case, this nucleic acid oligomer can remain in the amplification mixture.
- a nucleic acid oligomer preferably used according to the invention has the sequence SEQ ID NO: 1.
- a preferred probe arrangement is that i1) at least one probe has a base sequence that is complementary to a base sequence that is similar to that of the human K-ras gene; i2) at least one further probe has a base sequence which is complementary to a base sequence comprising codons 12 and 13 which corresponds to the base sequence of the human K-ras gene; and i3) optionally further base sequences which serve for the amplification and / or species control.
- the probes addressed under i1) are preferably selected from the oligonucleotides with the sequences SEQ ID NO: 8-17.
- a probe addressed under i2) is preferably an oligonucleotide with the sequence SEQ ID NO: 7.
- the probes addressed under i3) are preferably selected from the oligonucleotides with the sequences SEQ ID NO: 18-20.
- the probes are preferably immobilized on the surface of a planar support.
- biochips on which the probes are arranged.
- a special biochip has the probes with the sequences SEQ ID NO: 7-20, preferably two field elements on the chip each being equipped with a probe type.
- Carcinomas thyroid carcinomas, Ph-negative CML, colorectal carcinomas, multiple myelomas, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myeloproliferative syndrome (MPS), acute myeloid leukemia and lung adenocarcinoma. If necessary, fixed and / or dissected tissues can be examined, or cells from body fluids with and without previous enrichment and especially stool can be screened for colorectal cancer.
- K-ras mutations can also be used for drug targeting for therapeutic applications, for example the administration of monoclonal antibodies against mutated p21, for gene therapy or antisense therapy.
- kits with means for performing a method described above.
- Such kits preferably contain i) at least one immobilized probe with a base sequence which is complementary to a specific base sequence of a nucleic acid to be detected; ii) at least one nucleic acid oligomer with a base sequence which is similar to the determined base sequence of a nucleic acid to be detected; and iii) if necessary, further means for carrying out the method, e.g. to be selected from amplifiers, buffers, internal standards and controls.
- kits according to the invention result from the explanations of the method itself.
- FIG. 2 shows a partial sequence of the human K-ras gene (wild type) comprising codon 12/13 as well as the primers RasUSI and RasDS135 used for the mutation-enriching PCR and the nucleic acid oligomer (competitor) PNA-KRas 123. Primers underlined, the oligomer sequence is in italics and codons 12 and 13 are in bold. The length of the PCR product is 157 bp;
- FIG. 3 shows the selective amplification of the mutated K-ras sequence (GTT, Val 12) (A) and the influence of the number of cycles on the amount of amplified wild-type sequence (B) when PNA-KRAS123 is added to the PCR (M: marker; WT: Wild type; courage: mutant);
- Figure 4 shows the sequencing of the PCR product after mutation-rich PCR with the addition of PNA-KRAS123 (A) and the sequencing of a wild-type control in (B);
- FIG. 5 shows the co-amplification of the HLA-DRA1 locus in wild type and mutant cell lines (M: marker; WT: wild type; mut: mutant)
- FIG. 6 discrimination rates in the hybridization of a synthetic 24-mer sample (KRST-Ile12) comprising the Ile 12 mutation to different probes (with information on the complementarity) (A) without and (B) when the competitor was added to the hybridization buffer;
- FIG. 8 normalized discrimination in the case of hybridization of defined PCR products (complementarity according to the information) on immobilized probes (complementarity according to the information) with the addition of a competitor.
- PCR conditions per batch 100 ng DNA, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 ; 100 ⁇ M dNTPs; 250 nM primer; 1 U Taq polymerase (Qiagen; HotStar); 7.5% glycerol; possibly 2.8 ⁇ M PNA; in 50 ul 1 x PCR buffer.
- Thermocycling 1 x 95 ° C 15 min; 35-45 x (94 ° C 60 s, 70 ° C 50 s, 58 ° C 50 s, 72 ° C 60 s); 1 x 72 ° C 7 min.
- the mutation-enriching effect is shown in FIG. 3A. If 2.8 ⁇ M PNA oligomer is added to a PCR approach which contains only the K-ras wild-type sequence (DNA from the Colo320 cell line), the amplification of the wild-type sequence is suppressed. DNA with a mutated K-ras sequence (from the cell line SW480, codon 12 GGT; valine 12) is also amplified in the presence of the PNA oligo. By increasing the number of cycles from 35 to 45, a ratio of mutated DNA to wild-type DNA of 1: 1000 and more can be amplified, which could be demonstrated by sequencing the amplificate (FIG. 4). However, the amount of amplified wild-type sequence increases under these conditions (FIG. 3B).
- HLA-DRA1 a fragment of HLA-DRA1 is co-amplified as a human-specific control sequence (HSKS).
- the primers DRA20Uo and DRA200Lo used for this are shown in Table 1.
- the polarities of the PCR primers are sense and antisense, the antisense primer being labeled at 5 'with Cy5.
- the polarity of the PNA oligomer is antisense.
- the result of the co-amplification is shown in FIG. 5.
- the probes consist of a photoactive group (anthraquinone), a hexaethylene glycol spacer and a single-stranded 13-mer DNA oligonucleotide coupled via 5 ' to the spacer.
- a photoactive group anthraquinone
- a hexaethylene glycol spacer 1.5 nL of the dissolved probes (concentration 10 ⁇ M) were spotted in duplicates on a plastic surface (support). After the spots had dried on, the supports were irradiated with UV light for 1 min, as a result of which the photoreactive anthraquinone group of the probes covalently bonds with the plastic material. The slides were washed to remove excess probes. d) Competitive hybridization
- Two K-ras biochips from Example c) were hybridized with a synthetic, Cy5-labeled 24mer nucleic acid as a sample (polarity antisense; base sequence see Table 1) with and without the addition of 2.4 ⁇ M PNA oligomer (PNA-KRAS123) ,
- the sample (SEQ ID NO: 6) has a base sequence which is complementary to the base sequence of the immobilized probe SEQ ID NO: 15 (Ile12 mutation).
- the sample concentration was adjusted to 5 nM in 6 x SSPE. 20 ⁇ l of sample with and without PNA were hybridized at 37 ° C. for 1 h, then the excess sample was rinsed briefly with 6 ⁇ SSPE and the fluorescence was measured. The results are shown in FIG. 6: A: No PNA in the hybridization buffer. B: Additional 2.4 ⁇ M PNA in the hybridization buffer. The addition of PNA with a base sequence complementary to the wild type significantly improves the specificity of the hybridization. The discrimination rates achieved are summarized in Table 3.
- K-ras amplificates of DNA samples with known mutations were produced under the mutation-enriching PCR conditions mentioned in Example 1.
- the amplificates with the individual mutations were hybridized in the presence of 2.4 ⁇ M PNA oligomer (PNA-KRAS123).
- a match / mismatch discrimination of> 10: 1 could be achieved for all amplificates with respect to the respective mutation.
- the exception is the mutation Leu 12, in which a quotient of 5.2 for the mutation III was found.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10193057T DE10193057D2 (de) | 2000-08-01 | 2001-08-01 | Verfahren zum Nachweis von Nukleinsäuren mittels Hybridisierung, Verwendung dieses Verfahrens und entsprechender Analysekit sowie Nukleinsäure-Oligomere und deren Verwendung |
AU2001282053A AU2001282053A1 (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2001-08-01 | Method for detecting nucleic acids by means of hybridization, use of this method and corresponding analysis kit and nucleic acid oligomers and use thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10037506.5 | 2000-08-01 | ||
DE10037506A DE10037506A1 (de) | 2000-08-01 | 2000-08-01 | Verfahren zum Nachweis von Nukleinsäuren mittels Hybridisierung, Verwendung dieses Verfahrens und entsprechender Analysekit sowie Nukleinsäure-Oligomere und deren Verwendung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002010447A2 true WO2002010447A2 (de) | 2002-02-07 |
WO2002010447A3 WO2002010447A3 (de) | 2003-10-23 |
Family
ID=7650987
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2001/008895 WO2002010447A2 (de) | 2000-08-01 | 2001-08-01 | Verfahren zum nachweis von nukleinsäuren mittels hybridisierung, verwendung dieses verfahrens und entsprechender analysekit sowie nukleinsäure-oligomere und deren verwendung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2001282053A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10037506A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002010447A2 (de) |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0127327A1 (de) * | 1983-04-29 | 1984-12-05 | National Research Development Corporation | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Sequenz von Nukleotiden in Zellen und zur Abscheidung von nukleinen Säuren von Zellen |
WO1991012343A2 (en) * | 1990-02-07 | 1991-08-22 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Detection of point mutations in genes encoding gtp binding proteins |
WO1994009156A1 (en) * | 1992-10-08 | 1994-04-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Pcr assays to determine the presence and concentration of a target |
EP0664339A1 (de) * | 1993-07-09 | 1995-07-26 | Wakunaga Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Methode und testsatz zur unterscheidung von dna |
US5627054A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1997-05-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Competitor primer asymmetric polymerase chain reaction |
US5869237A (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1999-02-09 | Yale University | Amplification karyotyping |
WO1999036564A1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-22 | Luminex Corporation | Multiplexed analysis of clinical specimens apparatus and methods |
EP0933431A1 (de) * | 1996-07-11 | 1999-08-04 | Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zur untersuchung von nukleinsäuren und reagentiensätze |
WO2001085988A1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-15 | Diatech Pty. Ltd. | Methods for detecting nucleic acid molecules having particular nucleotide sequences |
DE10036457A1 (de) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-02-14 | Giesing Michael | Verwendung eines bildgebenden photoelektrischen Flächensensors zur Auswertung von Biochips und Bildgebungsverfahren hierfür |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU4642089A (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1990-06-12 | Yale University | In situ suppression hybridization and uses therefor |
DE19736691A1 (de) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-02-25 | Michael Prof Dr Med Giesing | Verfahren zur Charakterisierung und Identifizierung disseminierter und metastasierter Krebszellen |
-
2000
- 2000-08-01 DE DE10037506A patent/DE10037506A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-08-01 DE DE10193057T patent/DE10193057D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-08-01 WO PCT/EP2001/008895 patent/WO2002010447A2/de active Application Filing
- 2001-08-01 AU AU2001282053A patent/AU2001282053A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0127327A1 (de) * | 1983-04-29 | 1984-12-05 | National Research Development Corporation | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Sequenz von Nukleotiden in Zellen und zur Abscheidung von nukleinen Säuren von Zellen |
US5869237A (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1999-02-09 | Yale University | Amplification karyotyping |
WO1991012343A2 (en) * | 1990-02-07 | 1991-08-22 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Detection of point mutations in genes encoding gtp binding proteins |
WO1994009156A1 (en) * | 1992-10-08 | 1994-04-28 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Pcr assays to determine the presence and concentration of a target |
EP0664339A1 (de) * | 1993-07-09 | 1995-07-26 | Wakunaga Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Methode und testsatz zur unterscheidung von dna |
US5627054A (en) * | 1996-04-05 | 1997-05-06 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Competitor primer asymmetric polymerase chain reaction |
EP0933431A1 (de) * | 1996-07-11 | 1999-08-04 | Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zur untersuchung von nukleinsäuren und reagentiensätze |
WO1999036564A1 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 1999-07-22 | Luminex Corporation | Multiplexed analysis of clinical specimens apparatus and methods |
WO2001085988A1 (en) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-15 | Diatech Pty. Ltd. | Methods for detecting nucleic acid molecules having particular nucleotide sequences |
DE10036457A1 (de) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-02-14 | Giesing Michael | Verwendung eines bildgebenden photoelektrischen Flächensensors zur Auswertung von Biochips und Bildgebungsverfahren hierfür |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
FERGUSON J A ET AL: "HIGH-DENSITY FIBER-OPTIC DNA RANDOM MICROSPHERE ARRAY" ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY. COLUMBUS, US, Bd. 72, Nr. 22, 2000, Seiten 5618-5624, XP001133705 ISSN: 0003-2700 * |
KHANNA MARILYN ET AL: "Multiplex PCR/LDR for detection of K-ras mutations in primary colon tumor." ONCOGENE, Bd. 18, Nr. 1, 7. Januar 1999 (1999-01-07), Seiten 27-38, XP009006346 ISSN: 0950-9232 * |
THIEDE CHRISTIAN ET AL: "Simple and sensitive detection of mutations in the ras proto-oncogenes using PNA-mediated PCR clamping." NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, Bd. 24, Nr. 5, 1996, Seiten 983-984, XP002233117 ISSN: 0305-1048 in der Anmeldung erw{hnt * |
UGOZZOLI L: "DETECTION OF SPECIFIC ALLELES BY USING ALLELE-SPECIFIC PRIMER EXTENSION FOLLOWED BY CAPTURE ON SOLID SUPPORT" GENETIC ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NEW YORK, US, Bd. 9, Nr. 4, 1. August 1992 (1992-08-01), Seiten 107-112, XP000330552 ISSN: 1050-3862 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10193057D2 (de) | 2003-06-12 |
AU2001282053A1 (en) | 2002-02-13 |
WO2002010447A3 (de) | 2003-10-23 |
DE10037506A1 (de) | 2002-02-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE60029323T2 (de) | Verfahren zur analyse der dna-methylierung mit hoher durchsatzrate | |
DE68926784T2 (de) | Verfahren zur charakterisierung von hla dp | |
DE69736637T2 (de) | Multiplex amplifikation kurzer tandem repeat loci | |
US20060199183A1 (en) | Probe biochips and methods for use thereof | |
DE69433816T2 (de) | Die bestimmung von nukleinsäuremutationen durch analyse des sputum | |
CN100354298C (zh) | 使用单核苷酸多态性组分析受损样品的方法和组合物 | |
WO2000047766A1 (en) | Method for detecting variant nucleotides using arms multiplex amplification | |
WO2001077384A2 (de) | DETEKTION VON SNPs UND CYTOSIN-METHYLIERUNGEN | |
WO2000047767A1 (en) | Oligonucleotide array and methods of use | |
DE68929070T2 (de) | Verwendung von dna-proben mit variabler anzahl von tandem-repetitiven stellen zur genetischen identifizierung | |
EP2504433B1 (de) | Allelleiter-loci | |
DE60014067T2 (de) | Zusammensetzungen und verfahren zur genetischen analyse | |
KR101986193B1 (ko) | 유전성 난청 검출용 pna 프로브 및 이를 이용한 유전성 난청 검출방법 | |
DE69605803T2 (de) | Nachweis von fehlpaarungen durch spaltung mit resolvase auf einem festträger | |
DE60309817T2 (de) | Mehrzweck-Primer und -Sonden für verbesserte Hybridisierungsassays durch Zerstörung von Sekundärstrukturen | |
DE602004004988T2 (de) | Methylierungsstatus-Detektionsassays mittels methylierungsspezifischer Primerextension (MSPE) | |
EP1595960B1 (de) | DNA-Nachweis über einen Strangreassoziationskomplex | |
WO1996027680A1 (de) | Sequenzspezifischer nachweis von nukleinsäuren | |
EP1366195B1 (de) | Verfahren zur detektion von nukleinsäuremolekülen | |
KR102683325B1 (ko) | 헬리코박터 파일로리(Helicobacter pylori) 유전형 판별용 PNA 프로브 및 이를 이용한 헬리코박터 파일로리 유전형 판별방법 | |
DE60114816T2 (de) | Umgekehrter nachweis zur identifizierung und/oder quantifizierung von nukleotid-zielsequenzen mittels biochips | |
DE112020000525T5 (de) | Verfahren zum nachweis mehrerer ziele basierend auf einer einzigennachweissonde unter verwendung eines markierungs-sequenz-snp | |
DE69734904T2 (de) | ABO-Glycosyltransferase-Sequenz-Polymorphismus | |
KR101727598B1 (ko) | Pna 프로브 및 융해곡선분석을 이용한 미토콘드리아 dna의 snp 분석방법 | |
WO2002010447A2 (de) | Verfahren zum nachweis von nukleinsäuren mittels hybridisierung, verwendung dieses verfahrens und entsprechender analysekit sowie nukleinsäure-oligomere und deren verwendung |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
REF | Corresponds to |
Ref document number: 10193057 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20030612 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10193057 Country of ref document: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |