Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
  • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
  • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
  • A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
  • A01N43/78—1,3-Thiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-thiazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
  • A61K31/27—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carbamic or thiocarbamic acids, meprobamate, carbachol, neostigmine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
  • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
  • A61K31/4184—1,3-Diazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. benzimidazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
  • A61P33/14—Ectoparasiticides, e.g. scabicides

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a parasiticide and a method for controlling parasites in cultured fish in the field of aquaculture, and more particularly to a parasiticide and a method for controlling puffer fish.
• parasitosis has become a very serious problem in trout aquaculture, as it hinders stable production.
• heterophyllium infectious disease is one of the most problematic infectious disease in trout aquaculture, as it occurs at any farm in Japan.
• Heterobothrium Heterobothrium okamotoi, a member of the genus Decridophoridae
• a parasite of trough parasitizes trough and sucks blood from the gills and surrounding flesh, causing the trough to grow poorly and sometimes die.
• the life history of this insect is thought to end its life four to five months after hatching from the egg. Hatching larvae hatched from eggs swim and parasitize the gills to become larvae. When they grow to about 5-6 mm, they migrate to the tissues surrounding the gills, become parent insects, and lay eggs.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a pesticide and a method for controlling a fish parasite, particularly a puffer fish parasite in the field of aquaculture.
• An agent for controlling a pufferfish parasite comprising as an active ingredient at least one of a thiabendazole-based compound, a precursor thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• Parasite control agents are fenbendazole, fuvantel, oxyfendazole, flubendazole, triclabendazole, and alben
• the disinfectant according to the above (1) which comprises at least one of dazolone, oxybenzazole and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
• pufferfish parasiticide containing as an active ingredient at least one of a thiabendazole-based compound, a precursor thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. How to control pufferfish parasites
• a puffer fish characterized by containing an effective amount of at least one parasiticide selected from thiabendazole-based compounds, precursors thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• the puffer fish characterized by containing an effective amount of at least one parasiticide selected from thiabendazole-based compounds, precursors thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
• the parasiticide is fenbendazole, fevantel, oxifendazole, flubendazole, triclabendazole, arbendazole, oxybendazole, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• thiabendazole-based compound used in the present invention refers to “thiabendazole-based compound parasiticide” (Handbook of veterinary drug products, 1998 edition, edited by the Japan Pharmaceutical Affairs Association, p. 224—226) E. Lacey. The role of the cytoskeletal protein, tubulin, in the mode of action and mechanism of drug resistance to benzimidazole. Int. J. ParasitoL, 1988, 18, p885-936).
• “precursor” examples include febantel, netobimin, thiophanate, and the like.
• “these pharmaceutically acceptable salts” include hydrochloride, sulfate, Inorganic acid salts such as nitrates and phosphates; organic acid salts such as acetate, tartrate, citrate, fumarate, maleate, toluenesulfonate and methanesulfonate; sodium and potassium salts And metal salts such as calcium salts; and salts with bases such as triethylamine salts, guanidine salts and ammonium salts.
• thiabendazole compounds precursors thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are known compounds, and these are nematodes and flukes such as cattle, pigs, chickens, sheep, dogs, and cats. It is known as an exterminator (Touyama Toyoaki, revised edition of Domestic Animal Pharmacology, Yokendo Co., Ltd., 1994, p325-327). Comparative microsomal oxidation of febantel and its metabolite fenbendazole in various animal spiecies. Xenobiotica, 1989, 19, p 97-100), Netobimin (CE Lanusse) Pharmacokinetics behavior of netobimin and its metabolites in sheep. J. Vet. Pharmacol.
• fenbendazole is metabolized to oxyfendazole (Fenbendazole-S0) (CR Short, WF Flory, LC Hsieh, and SA Barker.
• These mechanisms of action inhibit glucose absorption by specifically binding to and denaturing tubulin in the intestinal epithelium of parasites. Shows anthelmintic effect (E. Lacey. Mode of action of benz imidazoles. Parasitology Today, 1990, 6, pll2-115).
• Parasites to which the present invention can be applied include, for example, polypods. Tanago suckers belong to the order of the order Plasmozoidae, Monophyta (Iwanami Biology Dictionary, 3rd Edition, Animal Classification Table, P45); Fishology [Infectious disease / parasites] Shuzo Egusa , Seiseisha Koseikaku, 198 3, p 2 3 5— 2 8 9). Monoplans are hermaphroditic and are mostly fish ectoparasites. The body length ranges from small species of less than 1 mm to several cm. It is mainly divided into single-post suckers and multi-post suckers according to the structure of the organs attached to fish at the rear end.
• the taxonomic groups and species names of the main parasites belonging to the polypodal suckers include Microcotyle sebastisci, Bivagina tai, Heteraxine heterocerca, Heterobollium Heterobothrium okamotoi, Eidiplozoon nipponicum, Neoheteroporium, Flounder (Neoheterobothrium hirame), etc., but the present invention mainly deals with parasites belonging to the genus Heterobothrium. Is done.
• examples of the puffer fishes to which the present invention can be applied include a spiderfish, a boxfish, a tigerfish, a harisembong, a squirrelfish.
• the present invention can be similarly applied to cultured fish, such as hamachi, hiramasa, Thailand, flounder, sardine mackerel, and carp, which are infected with the parasites described above.
• the method for administering the parasiticide according to the present invention includes a method in which the target fish is directly brought into contact with the breeding water in which the pesticide is dissolved, an injection into puffer fish, and an oral administration.
• Parasiticides can be used alone or in combination with other substances, if necessary, such as carriers, stabilizers, solvents, excipients, and diluents.
• Carriers include sodium alginate, lactose, cellulose, starch, gluten, casein, monobasic calcium phosphate, gelatin, polyethylene glycol, light caffeic anhydride and the like.
• the stabilizer examples include propylene glycol, magnesium chloride, calcium ascorbate, tocopherol acetate, ethoxyquin, sodium pyrosulfite and the like.
• a solvent or a solubilizer As a carrier used for dissolving the pesticide in breeding water, a solvent or a solubilizer is used.
• the solvent include water, for example, alcohols such as ethanol, ethanol, benzyl alcohol, and glycerol, hydrocarbons, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, N-methylpiperidine, and a mixture thereof.
• dissolution aid examples include polyvinylpyrrolidone, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monolaurate, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like.
• the parasiticidal agent of the present invention may contain an effective amount of the compound for controlling a target parasite.
• the compound may be used alone, and may be used in combination with a carrier and other components. May be used.
• the concentration of the compound, which is the active ingredient in the parasiticidal agent is 0.01 to 20%, preferably 0.05 to 10%.
• 0.5 to 10% of the above-mentioned stabilizer, 0.1 to 10% of excipients and the like may be appropriately added.
• the compound may be diluted with an auxiliary component so as to have the above concentration at the time of use.
• the thiabendazole-based compound as an active ingredient of the insecticide, its precursor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be gelatin, methylcellulose, or Coats such as chill cellulose, cellulose acetate acetate, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose It is preferred to use a coating with a coating agent.
• Examples of the coating method include known methods such as fluidized bed coating, Worth coating, and jet air flow dispersion coating.
• the use of the above-mentioned coated compound is preferable because it has the effects of preventing a decrease in palatability of the feed and of preventing the compound as an active ingredient from leaking from the fed feed.
• the feed containing the parasite control agent of the present invention may contain any components used for breeding puffer fish, such as fish meal, squid meal, okiami mil, feed yeast, sardine mince, and moist pellet. And the like alone or in combination of two or more as appropriate.
• the compound as an active ingredient is dissolved or suspended in a suitable solvent, and Manufactured by appropriately adding additives such as solubilizers, acids, bases or buffer salts as isotonic agents, antioxidants and preservatives, etc., sterilized, and filtered if necessary. Then fill bottles and other containers.
• Solvents used include physiologically acceptable solvents such as water, alcohols (eg, ethanol, ethanol, benzyl alcohol, glycerol), hydrocarbons, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, N —Methylpyrrolidone and mixtures thereof. Further, the compound as an active ingredient can be dissolved in physiologically acceptable vegetable oils or synthetic oils for injection.
• alcohols eg, ethanol, ethanol, benzyl alcohol, glycerol
• hydrocarbons eg., propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, N —Methylpyrrolidone and mixtures thereof.
• the compound as an active ingredient can be dissolved in physiologically acceptable vegetable oils or synthetic oils for injection.
• solubilizer it promotes the dissolution of the active ingredient thiabendazole compound, its precursor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in a solvent, or prevents the formation of a precipitate thereof.
• a solubilizer for example, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyoxyethylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene Tylene sorbine esters and the like.
• Preservatives include benzyl alcohol, trichloroethanol, p-hydroxybenzoic acids, n-butanol and the like.
• the dose of the parasiticidal agent of the present invention in the case of oral administration, 1 mg to 2 g, preferably lmg to: Lg of the above-mentioned compound as an active ingredient per 1 kg of fish body weight per day is used.
• Administer in the range of The administration period is suitably 1 to 10 days. If the pesticide is dissolved in the breeding water, the fish is immersed in the breeding water, and the fish are brought into direct contact, the target pufferfish is dissolved in the breeding water in which the concentration of the active ingredient is 0.5 to 500 ppm. For 10 minutes to 2 days.
• a dose of 0.1 mg to 20 mg, preferably 0.5 mg to 100 mg is administered at a time. In this case, the administration period is preferably 1 to 3 days.
• test plots were intraperitoneally administered with fenbendazole 10 Omg / kg i.p., fepantel 20 Omg / kg i.p., and a control saline containing 3% sorbitan monopolyethyleneethylene monolaurate. There are three districts in total. The test was carried out using three troughs per plot, and 100 mg of c- fenbendazole or 20 Omg of fevantel were suspended with 150 L of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate and physiological saline to make a final volume of 5 mL, and injected. Each liquid was prepared. Nine tiger puffer fish with an average fish weight of 165 g infected with hatching larvae of Heterobacterium okamotoi were used in the test.
• the injection solution was administered to the intraperitoneal cavity of the puffer fish at a volume of 1 mL / mL00 g fish.
• the injection solution was administered to the intraperitoneal cavity of the puffer fish at a volume of 1 mL / mL00 g fish.
• the 4th day after the end of administration Take the rafugu, autopsy, cut off the aorta, exsanguinate, remove the gills, shred each gill valve, immerse it in a 10% formalin solution, and stir well with a stirrer for 10 minutes. did.
• the stirred gill flap was poured over a net placed with plankton net, and the remaining gill flap was washed well so as to rub it against the net.
• the net was removed, the blanket net was washed well, and when the seawater had sufficiently flowed out, the seawater remaining on the blankton net was recovered. This operation was repeated three times.
• the collected seawater was poured into a petri dish and examined under a stereomicroscope to measure the number of parasites of heterobotulium.
• the anthelmintic rate was calculated as the ratio of the number of parasites in the drug-administered group to the number of parasites in the control group. Table 1 shows the results.
• test plot In the test plot, triclabendazole, flubendazole, albendazole and oxybendazole were administered intraperitoneally at 10 O mg / kg, respectively, and 3% polyoxyethylene monolaurate sorbitan as a control plot. A total of five groups were administered, including a saline solution containing the saline solution. The test was performed using four troughs per plot.
• Trioxybenzol, flubendazole, albendazole or oxybendazole 16 O mg was added to 24 Oz L of polyoxyethylene sorbin monolaurate and physiological saline, suspended, and the final volume was 8 mL.
• Each injection solution was prepared as follows. In the test, we used 20 tiger puffer fish with an average fish weight of 211 g infected with hatching larvae of Heterobacterium okamotoi.
• the stirred gill flap was poured over a net placed with plankton net, and the remaining gill flap was washed well so as to rub it against the net.
• the net was removed, the blanket net was washed well, and when the seawater had sufficiently flowed out, the seawater remaining on the blankton net was recovered. This operation was repeated three times.
• the collected seawater was poured into a petri dish and examined under a stereoscopic microscope to determine the number of larvae. Evaluation was performed by comparing the number of worms in the drug-administered group and the control group.
• the anthelmintic rate was calculated as the ratio of the number of parasites in the drug-administered group to the number of parasites in the control group. Table 2 shows the results.
• the drug suspension was added to a bucket containing 10 L of seawater to prepare a solution having a fenbendazole concentration of 500 ppm.
• the test consisted of two buckets of seawater only and two buckets of seawater containing 500 ppm of fenbendazole, and then immersed for 2 hours in a trough infected with two heterovoliums per bucket with aeration.
• the test consisted of two buckets of seawater only and two buckets of seawater containing 500 ppm of fenbendazole, and then immersed for 2 hours in a trough infected with two heterovoliums per bucket with aeration.
• the trough was bred in a 1-ton water tank for 24 hours and then necropsied.
• the gill flap was collected and minced, and the gill flap was directly inspected with a stereoscopic microscope to determine the number of parasites in the heterosphere.
• the anthelmintic rate was calculated as the ratio of the number of parasites in the immersion plot to the number of parasites in the control plot. Table 3 shows the results.
• the test plots consisted of a plot in which fenbendazole 17 Omg / kg was orally administered for 5 days, a plot in which fevantel 20 Omg / kg was orally administered for 2 days, and a control plot in which no dose was administered.
• the test was performed using 11 tigerfish per plot. .
• the parasite control agent of a blowfish is provided, and a parasite of a blowfish can be effectively controlled by using this pesticide.
• a feed containing this pesticide to puffer fish, it is possible to prevent or treat parasite infection.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=18708526

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (3)

Citations (8)

• 2001
  • 2001-07-13 JP JP2002511599A patent/JP3490709B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-07-13 KR KR1020037000265A patent/KR100598615B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-07-13 WO PCT/JP2001/006081 patent/WO2002005649A1/ja active Application Filing
  • 2001-07-13 CN CNB018126731A patent/CN1273019C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (8)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events