WO2001096710A1 - A tunnel waterproofing construction method - Google Patents
A tunnel waterproofing construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001096710A1 WO2001096710A1 PCT/US2001/018174 US0118174W WO0196710A1 WO 2001096710 A1 WO2001096710 A1 WO 2001096710A1 US 0118174 W US0118174 W US 0118174W WO 0196710 A1 WO0196710 A1 WO 0196710A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cement concrete
- tunnel
- rubber
- spraying
- film
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZMRUPTIKESYGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N propranolol hydrochloride Chemical compound [H+].[Cl-].C1=CC=C2C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 ZMRUPTIKESYGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SZNCKQHFYDCMLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;propan-2-yloxymethanedithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(C)OC([S-])=S.CC(C)OC([S-])=S SZNCKQHFYDCMLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SZRLKIKBPASKQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC SZRLKIKBPASKQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035987 intoxication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000566 intoxication Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010059 sulfur vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCXJRWZYDUTGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;n-butylbutan-1-amine;n,n-dibutylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCNCCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC HCXJRWZYDUTGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
Definitions
- This invention relates to a waterproofing construction and method for tunnels
- paste, mortar, and concrete are used as general terms to refer to cement concrete.
- the width of the sheet is narrow (e.g., one to two meters), it is
- waterproofing sheets requires great effort and is sometimes uneconomical. There is the further problem that water infiltrates between the waterproofing sheet and the secondary concrete coating due to damage of the sheet by poorly welded components. Also, the irregularities in the excavated surface of the tunnel often defeats the waterproofing capacity of the sheet.
- the present invention specifically, provides a tunnel waterproofing construction method, wherein a primary spray cement concrete coating is spray
- a rubber emulsion operative to vulcanize at ambient temperature is spray-applied onto the primary spray cement concrete coating
- the tunnel excavation surface is made "nonlanded" by the
- emulsion can be spray-applied onto the primary spray cement concrete and thereafter a secondary cement coating can be established thereon.
- a buffer-water conductive layer is installed on the primary spray cement concrete coating, and the ambient-temperature vulcanizable emulsion is thereafter applied thereon to form a rubber film, whereupon
- the secondary cement concrete coating may subsequently be established on the rubber
- This invention is a construction method in which a film without seams and having good physical properties is formed, preferably by spray-applying a primary
- reaction is obtained at ambient temperature. From the standpoints of facilitating attachment of the primary spray cement concrete and achieving good workability, the
- ambient-temperature vulcanization-type rubber emulsion should comprise a substance
- agent A that contains the rubber emulsion (hereafter referred to as agent A) and an oil-
- Agent A and agent B are sprayed while being mixed at the nozzle tip (used for spraying A and B).
- the rubber emulsion that is used in agent A can be a synthetic rubber, such as styrene butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, or isoprene rubber, as well as natural
- styrene butadiene rubber is desirable from the standpoints of vulcanization physical
- chloroprene is desirable from the standpoint of increased flame-retarding properties. From the standpoint of obtaining a good film, the solid component of the
- rubber emulsion should be 15 to 40 parts by mass, and preferably 20-30 parts by
- agent A in 100 parts of total solid components after blending agent A and agent B.
- Paraffin oil is used at a ratio of less
- Asphalt can also be used for the purpose of increasing flame-retarding properties.
- Asphalt can also be used for the purpose of increasing flame-retarding properties.
- agent B also be used in agent B.
- the ratio should be less than 30 parts by mass per 100 parts
- B may be a sulfur vulcanization agent, with sulfur being preferred.
- vulcanization agent should be 0.5 to 20 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of rubber
- a vulcanization accelerator may be used in combination with agent B.
- vulcanization accelerators can include zinc isopropyl xanthate, zinc
- vulcanization accelerator used should be 0J to 5.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of rubber solid components when zinc isopropyl xanthate is used, 0J to 5.0
- additives such as fumed silica, polymer fibers, and powdered
- rubber may be used in agent B in amounts of 0.5 to 25 parts by mass per 100 parts by
- coloring agent B various types can also be used in agent B.
- the tunnel waterproofing construction method may be a construction method
- a rubber emulsion operative to vulcanize at ambient temperature is spray applied onto an excavated tunnel surface after a primary spray cement concrete is sprayed thereon, or after a buffer- water conductive layer (i.e. drainage) is established on the primary
- buffer- water conductive layers include layers formed by spraying fibrous substances such as moistened pulp and layers in which nonwoven fabrics such
- nonwoven fabrics or irregularly shaped plates to the primary spray cement concrete surface, adhesive agents and rivets may be used.
- this invention is a type whereby agent A and agent B are introduced under pressure by
- an airless spraying machine may be used, or an air application machine may be used.
- a U-shaped simulation tunnel having openings of 4 m, a height of 3.5 m, and a length of 3 m was made. Irregularities of the tunnel earth mound surface were presumed in the simulation tunnel, and fifteen concrete blocks of 15 cm in width, 20
- PROCOR 75 comprised of agent A of which
- agent B which contained calcium oxide, sulfur, aromatic oil, paraffin oil, zinc oxide, clay and calcium
- a U-shaped simulation tunnel having openings of 4 m, a height of 3.5 m, and
- a U-shaped simulation tunnel having openings of 4m, a height of 3.5 m, and a
- Construction Products United States, under the brand name PROCOR 75
- PROCOR 75 was applied by spraying to the mortar surface by an air spraying machine so that the thickness was 2 mm after mixing agent A and agent B at the nozzle component, with a film being formed.
- the ambient-temperature vulcanization-type emulsion is not toxic. Because the water component in this emulsion does not separate, water
- temperature vulcanization-type emulsion does not cause fogging that can occur during spraying. For these reasons, workability can be greatly
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU7293601A AU7293601A (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2001-06-05 | A tunnel waterproofing construction method |
| AU2001272936A AU2001272936B2 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2001-06-05 | A tunnel waterproofing construction method |
| CA002411271A CA2411271A1 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2001-06-05 | A tunnel waterproofing construction method |
| EP01952144A EP1290313A4 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2001-06-05 | METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING TUNNEL SEALING |
| US10/297,370 US6767164B2 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2001-06-05 | Tunnel waterproofing construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000-175768 | 2000-06-12 | ||
| JP2000175768A JP4459391B2 (ja) | 2000-06-12 | 2000-06-12 | トンネル防水工法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2001096710A1 true WO2001096710A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
Family
ID=18677596
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2001/018174 WO2001096710A1 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2001-06-05 | A tunnel waterproofing construction method |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1290313A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4459391B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20030034093A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1280524C (ja) |
| AU (2) | AU7293601A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2411271A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2001096710A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1290313A1 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2003-03-12 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | A tunnel waterproofing construction method |
| US20210246070A1 (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2021-08-12 | Relborgn Pty Ltd | Method, apparatus and composition for sealing of surfaces |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002275828A (ja) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-25 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 防水構造及び防水工法 |
| KR100894885B1 (ko) * | 2007-04-27 | 2009-04-30 | (주)리뉴시스템 | 실드터널 방수시공방법 및 방수시공구조체 |
| CN101614129B (zh) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-07-27 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | 隧道防排水系统的施工方法 |
| KR101068624B1 (ko) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-09-28 | 대지종건(주) | 비개착 가설 터널 및 관로 시공용 호형 분할 세그먼트 |
| CN104373138B (zh) * | 2014-10-13 | 2017-03-29 | 中南大学 | 一种隧道衬砌结构修复时防水层重塑的施工方法 |
| JP6534562B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-04 | 2019-06-26 | デンカ株式会社 | 構造体及び施工方法 |
| KR101790217B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-10-25 | 씨카코리아(주) | 방수 시스템 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4915542A (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1990-04-10 | Fernando Gordun B | Process for waterproofing surfaces |
| US6193439B1 (en) * | 1996-01-08 | 2001-02-27 | Mbt Holding Ag | Process for cladding substrates and constructions produced thereby |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE712437A (ja) * | 1967-03-22 | 1968-07-31 | ||
| AT318862B (de) * | 1971-05-28 | 1974-11-25 | Sika Ag | Verfahren zum Abdichten der Wände von Ingenierbauwerken aus Beton |
| DE2819230A1 (de) * | 1978-05-02 | 1979-11-08 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | Verfahren zum ausfuellen von hohlraeumen zwischen gebirge und ausbau beim auffahren von strecken im bergbaubetrieb |
| FI69503C (fi) * | 1984-03-13 | 1986-02-10 | Neste Oy | Ytbelagd bergsbehaollare eller tunnel |
| CH688135A5 (fr) * | 1994-12-05 | 1997-05-30 | Pierre Andre Follonier | Procédé de construction d'ouvrages en béton avec couche d'étanchéité. |
| GB2302153B (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1999-10-20 | Wrc Plc | Pipeline renovation |
| GB2308848A (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 1997-07-09 | Grace W R & Co | Waterproofing materials |
| GB9625163D0 (en) | 1996-12-04 | 1997-01-22 | Sandoz Ltd | Organic compounds |
| TW327667B (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 1998-03-01 | Hu Ming Chiun | Drainage method and its material |
| ATE253172T1 (de) * | 1997-08-15 | 2003-11-15 | Koester Bauchemie Gmbh | Verfahren zum abdichten von unterirdischen hohlräumen gegen wassereintritt |
| GB9815685D0 (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 1998-09-16 | Mbt Holding Ag | Waterproofer |
| US6403686B1 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2002-06-11 | W.R. Grace & Co. - Conn. | Rheologically-dynamic, liquid-applicable elastomeric compositions |
| JP4459391B2 (ja) | 2000-06-12 | 2010-04-28 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | トンネル防水工法 |
-
2000
- 2000-06-12 JP JP2000175768A patent/JP4459391B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-06-05 CA CA002411271A patent/CA2411271A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-05 CN CNB018140106A patent/CN1280524C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-05 KR KR1020027016944A patent/KR20030034093A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-06-05 WO PCT/US2001/018174 patent/WO2001096710A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-06-05 EP EP01952144A patent/EP1290313A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-05 AU AU7293601A patent/AU7293601A/xx active Pending
- 2001-06-05 AU AU2001272936A patent/AU2001272936B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4915542A (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1990-04-10 | Fernando Gordun B | Process for waterproofing surfaces |
| US6193439B1 (en) * | 1996-01-08 | 2001-02-27 | Mbt Holding Ag | Process for cladding substrates and constructions produced thereby |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP1290313A1 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1290313A1 (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2003-03-12 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | A tunnel waterproofing construction method |
| US20210246070A1 (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2021-08-12 | Relborgn Pty Ltd | Method, apparatus and composition for sealing of surfaces |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1290313A4 (en) | 2005-04-27 |
| JP2001355397A (ja) | 2001-12-26 |
| CA2411271A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
| KR20030034093A (ko) | 2003-05-01 |
| CN1280524C (zh) | 2006-10-18 |
| AU7293601A (en) | 2001-12-24 |
| CN1457383A (zh) | 2003-11-19 |
| AU2001272936B2 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
| JP4459391B2 (ja) | 2010-04-28 |
| EP1290313A1 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
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