WO2001071026A2 - Kit, verfahren und mikroarray zur bestimmung des geschlechtes eines menschlichen fötus - Google Patents
Kit, verfahren und mikroarray zur bestimmung des geschlechtes eines menschlichen fötus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001071026A2 WO2001071026A2 PCT/EP2001/003133 EP0103133W WO0171026A2 WO 2001071026 A2 WO2001071026 A2 WO 2001071026A2 EP 0103133 W EP0103133 W EP 0103133W WO 0171026 A2 WO0171026 A2 WO 0171026A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dna
- oligonucleotides
- diagnostic kit
- kit according
- pair
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6879—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for sex determination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6834—Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase
- C12Q1/6837—Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase using probe arrays or probe chips
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
- C12Q1/686—Polymerase chain reaction [PCR]
Definitions
- the diagnostic kit according to the invention contains at least one pair of oligonucleotides, which are required as reverse primers and forward primers in the amplification by means of a polymer chain reaction. Such oligonucleotides are also used in the method according to the invention.
- the oligonucleotides of the pairs are selected so that when these oligonucleotides are used in a polyase chain reaction, a DNA section of a human DNA takes place, which is part of the DNA of the human Y chromosome. If an amplification of a DNA section takes place during a polymerase chain reaction carried out in this way, it can easily be determined whether a Y chromosome is present in the DNA substance under investigation or not. It is therefore safe to determine whether the fetus is male (Y chromosome positive) or female (Y chromosome negative).
- the diagnostic kit advantageously uses or contains a second pair of primers which is suitable for the amplification of a DNA which is part of the human X chromosome.
- a second pair of primers which is suitable for the amplification of a DNA which is part of the human X chromosome.
- this pair of primers can also be used to obtain a standard or a control for the correct course of the amplification.
- the diagnostic kit and the method as well as the microarray can also be further developed in such a way that in the case of the diagnostic kit not only oligonucleotides for determining the sex of the fetus as described above, but also further oligonucleotide pairs for further determinations are added or can be used in the case of the process or microarrays.
- the method, the diagnostic kit or the microarray is used by first taking a maternal blood sample.
- This aternal blood sample can now be processed in various ways.
- the DNA-containing components of the maternal blood sample are then concentrated. This is done, for example, by blood count, possibly supported by centrifugation to accelerate the sedimentation * of the cellular components. This step concentrates the cell fraction in a blood set that is suitable for subsequent DNA isolation.
- the blood set is recorded and lysis of the maternal erythrocytes and the nucleated fetal erythrocytes is carried out, whereby the DNA is released from the fetal erythrocytes * .
- this cell-free fetal DNA can then be isolated from the plasma / serum in a conventional manner, for example using a commercially available kit, and is therefore accessible for further investigation.
- Both the DNA that is obtained from the fetal nucleated cells from the maternal blood sample and the DNA that is obtained from the serum / plasma of the maternal blood sample is then further processed by a specific amplification of the DNA sections to be detected in the contained in the pellet DNA is carried out by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or multiplex PCR.
- PCR polymerase chain reaction
- the diagnostic kit according to the invention or the primer pairs contained therein are now used for this purpose.
- the aplified DNA is detected.
- This can be done on the one hand by means of a microarray according to the invention or by separation by means of gel electrophoresis. If one of the oligonucleotides from a primer pair is labeled with a fluorophore, the detection can also be carried out by detecting the corresponding fluorescence. This can be done, for example, using a Genetic Analyzer 310 TM from PE Biosystems TM. The latter method has a very high sensitivity and reliability.
- the fluorescence data obtained are evaluated and used as evidence of the sex of the fetus. If, for example, as described above or also on a cell of a microarray, a fluorescence is detected which results from an oligonucleotide which belongs to the primer pair which is suitable for the amplification of a DNA section from a Y chromosome, then this is inevitably Fetus represents the male gender, since the maternal components in the blood sample themselves do not have a Y chromosome. If at the same time a pair of primers is used which is suitable for the amplification of DNA contained in the human X chromosome, then this DNA should also have been amplified and be detectable.
- the components of the maternal blood sample are advantageously not separated, for example into a cellular or non-cellular fraction or, for example, into a fraction with only maternal or exclusively fetal components.
- the procedure is therefore very simple to carry out.
- kits according to the invention will be described below.
- FIG. 1 shows a separating gel /
- FIG. 2 shows results of a fluorescence evaluation
- Figure 3 shows another separating gel
- FIG. 4 shows a fluorescence parallel to FIG. zenzaustechnisch
- FIG. 5 shows a further fluorescence evaluation.
- a fresh blood sample was taken from a pregnant woman and taken up in EDTA buffer, for example in standardized commercially available EDTA tubes. A blood count was then performed overnight. Alternatively, you can . the sample can be centrifuged even at low g values. 500 ⁇ l of this blood set were taken up in 900 ⁇ l erythrocyte lysis buffer of the Wizard ® kit from Promega ® . It was then centrifuged in a Sorvall ® centrifuge (SM 24 rotor) for 30 minutes at 50,000 g. As a result, the predominantly maternal lymphocytes and the DNA which is cell-free after the lysis of the child's erythrocytes are pelleted.
- SM 24 rotor Sorvall ® centrifuge
- the DNA was isolated from the pellet by now -one conventional commercial DNA isolation kit.
- the DNA obtained is taken up in 20 ⁇ l rehydration solution in accordance with the respective DNA isolation kit.
- the primer XI is with the green fluorescent dye HEX (4,7,2, 4 ', 5!, 7'-hexachloro- ⁇ - Carboxyfluorescein) and the primer Y2 with the blue fluorescent dye FAM (carboxyfluorescein from PE Biosystems ® ) marked.
- the kit according to the invention contains all substances which are necessary for the PCR.
- this is the following PCR master mix:
- thermocycles The PCR reaction itself was carried out with the following thermocycles:
- the primers XI and X2 as forward primers and reverse primers are selected such that when an X chromosome is present, a fragment with a length of 207 base pairs is amplified, while the forward and reverse primers Y1 and Y2 are selected so that when present of a Y chromosome, a fragment with a length of 248 base pairs is amplified.
- the evaluation can now be followed, for example, by gel electrophoresis, which is shown in FIG. 1.
- a 2.5% gel (Seakem LE ® Biozym ® ) is poured.
- 20 ⁇ l of each of the individual PCR batches was applied to the individual pockets of the agarose gel.
- a marker 100 bp ladder
- FIG. 1 shows the courses of the respective approaches AI to A7 and, in each case adjacent to AI and A7, one course each labeled S1 and S2, which contain standards. All tracks AI to A7 show the two bands, which are labeled X and Y, respectively. These are bands for nucleotide lengths of 207 base pairs (X) or 248 base pairs (Y).
- maternal DNA is also always amplified when using maternal blood samples as the starting material, so that a band for X chromosomes should always be present.
- a band for X chromosomes should always be present.
- the presence of a 248 base pair band for the Y chromosome clearly indicates the gender of the fetus as male.
- Figure 2 shows the results of the individual PCR approaches AI to A7. It is easy to see that this analysis method also detects fluorescence peaks which correspond to a length of 207 base pairs (denoted by X) and 248 base pairs (denoted by Y). Here too, the sex of the fetus is fixed as male. There are other peaks in the respective evaluation results S denotes which represent an internally added standard (Rox standard). These peaks are not individually identified in all representations AI to A7, but they correspond to one another.
- the fetal erythrocytes can also be enriched in the maternal blood sample before the polymerase chain reaction.
- the enrichment is carried out by Percoll TM density gradient centrifugation. With a constant centrifugal force and medium viscosity, the sedimentation rate of particles is proportional to the particle size. This principle is used by the density gradient centrifugation process, in which Percol TM is used as the centrifugation medium in this example.
- Percoll TM is a silica derivative that is used as standard for the enrichment / separation of subcellular particles.
- a continuous Percoll gradient is created that covers a density range of 1.02 - 1.13 g / ml.
- 14 ml of a Percoll TM NaCl solution (0.15 M NaCl) which has a density of 1.07 g / ml, are centrifuged for 30 min at 20,000 g in a type F 0630 fixed-angle rotor (Beck an Coulter).
- the continuous gradient thus generated is overlaid with 5 ml of EDTA whole blood, ie whole blood taken up in EDTA buffer, for example in standardized, commercially available EDTA tubes, and centrifuged at 1000 g for 15 min.
- the platelets remain in the serum layer above the gradient and are removed with a Pasteur pipette.
- a second centrifugation step at 1000 g for 15 min finally leads to the separation of the remaining, different blood cell types according to their respective isopycnic densities.
- PBS phosphate buffer saline
- Phosphate buffer saline contains KC1 0.2 g / 1, KH 2 P0 4 0.2 g / 1, NaCl 8.0 g / 1 and Na 2 HP0 4 1 in aqueous solution , 15 g / 1 and is for example driven by Life Technologies (Cat.-No .: 14190-094).
- the DNA of the mononuclear blood cells is then isolated by the standard procedures of the "QIAa p Blood Kit" (Qiagen, Hilden) and can be used for a multiplex PCR.
- FACS fluorescence-associated cell sorting
- All mononuclear blood cells are enriched using Percoll density gradient centrifugation (see above).
- PBS phosphate buffer saline
- a third fluorescence channel is used for the negative discrimination of T, B and NK cells.
- the final concentration of both antibodies is 0.2 ⁇ g per 10 7 cells.
- the labeled cells are washed twice with PBS and then 10 7 cells are resuspended in 1 ml PBS.
- a FACS Vantage SE flow cytometer (Becton-Dickinson) is used to isolate nucleated erythrocytes.
- the system is configured with a water-cooled double-wavelength argon laser (emission wavelengths 488 nm and 365 nm - UV) and an air-cooled helium-neon (HeNe) laser and calibrated with fluorescent beads (Becton Dickinson).
- the blood cells are sorted at cell rates of 20,000-25,000 cells per second, the cell size ("forward scatter") and the granularity, as well as the surface structure ("side scatter"), the emission of green fluorescence (transferin receptor, T9 -FITC), the emission of the orange fluorescence (GlycophorinA, KC16-Rd) and the emission of the red fluorescence for the other parameters such as CD45, CD3, CD19 and CD16 / 55 (APC or Cy5 marked) can be used as selection criteria.
- the Hoechst 33342 core dye is used to ensure additional discrimination against nucleated cells. The suggestion is made simultaneously with the UN line of the argon laser.
- the sorted cells are transferred directly to a 1.5 ml reaction vessel filled with 1 ml PBS and can be stored at -20 ° C.
- the D ⁇ S of the mononuclear blood cells can then be isolated using the standard procedures of the "QIAamp Blood Kit” (from Qiagen, Hilden) and used for a multiplex PCR as described below.
- the PCR is then carried out with the D ⁇ S thus isolated from nucleated fetal erythrocytes.
- FIG. 3 shows another example of a separating gel.
- the sample preparation was carried out as in the previous example for FIGS. 1 and 2. However, a sample for a female fetus and a male fetus and a control sample were examined. A 100 bp ladder is plotted in lanes 1 and 7. Lane 2 contains the sample for the male fetus and lane 4 contains the sample for the female fetus, while lane 6 contains the control sample. As can be seen, only the fragment with a length of 207 base pairs is found in lane 4, while in lane 2 both a band at 207 base pairs and a band at 248 base pairs occur.
- FIG. 4 shows the samples from FIG. 3 after analysis by means of an ABI frequency analysis.
- FIG. 4A shows the sample for the male fetus, in which both a fragment at 207 base pairs for an X chromosome and a fragment at 248 base pairs for a Y chromosome occur.
- FIG. 4B the analysis of the sample for the female fetus, compared to only one band at 207 base pairs, indicating the absence of a Y chromosome. The results of FIGS. 3 and 4 therefore correspond completely.
- FIG. 5 shows a further application example, in which fetal DNA starting material from EDTA whole blood
- the plasma of the maternal blood sample is obtained by centrifugation.
- the EDTA whole blood is centrifuged twice at 3000 g for 30 min.
- the supernatant or plasma is then transformed into a commercially available DNA isolation kit
- oligonucleotides used for the polymerase chain reaction and the implementation of the polymerase chain reaction are carried out as described above in the example for FIGS. 1 and 2. Only the PCR reaction is carried out as in the following table:
- Reaction volume 50 ⁇ l The PCR batches were evaluated using an ABI fragment analysis as described above. The individual PCR batches were initially used undiluted, 1 ⁇ l being used for the ABI fragment analysis.
- FIG. 5 now shows in FIG. 5A a first sample from the whole blood of a pregnant woman who carried a female fetus.
- Figure 5B shows the results of a sample from a pregnant woman carrying a male fetus.
- the gender typing of the fetuses was verified by standard cytogenetic methods after amniocentesis.
- the maternal blood sample was taken in the 15th week of pregnancy.
- FIG. 5 now shows that, as expected, only one peak is observed for the female fetus at 207 base pairs, while in FIG. 5B two peaks are determined for the male fetus at 207 base pairs and 248 base pairs. In Figure 5B, it is clearly a male fetus. In contrast, FIG. 5C shows a control sample that had no DNA whatsoever. Accordingly, no fragments were reproduced by the PCR, so that only the marker fragments can be seen in FIG. 5C.
- the present invention provides a corresponding kit for carrying out the method, it is now possible for any laboratory doctor or laboratory operating in the medical field, for example human genetic laboratories, to carry out a sex determination for a fetus in a simple manner without further development work. where the risks of conventional techniques can be closed.
- the kit according to the invention enables a very quick gender determination at the earliest possible point in time of pregnancy. The earliest possible point in time is not restricted by the method according to the invention or the kit according to the invention, but essentially by statutory regulations which only permit gender determination from a certain point in time of pregnancy. Gender determination is, for example, legally permitted in the Federal Republic of Germany only after the first trimester of pregnancy. Then, however, a quick and very precise and risk-free determination of the sex of the fetus is now possible.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2001263793A AU2001263793A1 (en) | 2000-03-20 | 2001-03-19 | Kit, method and microarray for determining the sex of a human foetus |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10013667 | 2000-03-20 | ||
DE10013667.2 | 2000-03-20 | ||
DE10049364A DE10049364A1 (de) | 2000-03-20 | 2000-10-05 | Kit, Verfahren und Mikroarray zur Bestimmung des Geschlechtes eines menschlichen Fötus |
DE10049364.5 | 2000-10-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001071026A2 true WO2001071026A2 (de) | 2001-09-27 |
WO2001071026A3 WO2001071026A3 (de) | 2002-12-05 |
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PCT/EP2001/003133 WO2001071026A2 (de) | 2000-03-20 | 2001-03-19 | Kit, verfahren und mikroarray zur bestimmung des geschlechtes eines menschlichen fötus |
Country Status (2)
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AU (1) | AU2001263793A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001071026A2 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8585971B2 (en) | 2005-04-05 | 2013-11-19 | The General Hospital Corporation | Devices and method for enrichment and alteration of cells and other particles |
US8921102B2 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2014-12-30 | Gpb Scientific, Llc | Devices and methods for enrichment and alteration of circulating tumor cells and other particles |
US10081014B2 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2018-09-25 | The General Hospital Corporation | Microfluidic device for cell separation and uses thereof |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5756126A (en) * | 1991-05-29 | 1998-05-26 | Flinders Technologies Pty. Ltd. | Dry solid medium for storage and analysis of genetic material |
-
2001
- 2001-03-19 WO PCT/EP2001/003133 patent/WO2001071026A2/de active Application Filing
- 2001-03-19 AU AU2001263793A patent/AU2001263793A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5756126A (en) * | 1991-05-29 | 1998-05-26 | Flinders Technologies Pty. Ltd. | Dry solid medium for storage and analysis of genetic material |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
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ADINOLFI M ET AL: "Rapid detection of aneuploidies by microsatellite and the quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction." PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS. ENGLAND DEC 1997, Bd. 17, Nr. 13, Dezember 1997 (1997-12), Seiten 1299-1311, XP002210676 ISSN: 0197-3851 * |
LO Y-M D ET AL: "PRENATAL SEX DETERMINATION BY DNA AMPLIFICATION FROM MATERNAL PERIPHERAL BLOOD" LANCET THE, LANCET LIMITED. LONDON, GB, Bd. 2, 9. Dezember 1989 (1989-12-09), Seiten 1363-1365, XP002914324 ISSN: 0140-6736 * |
PERTL B ET AL: "Rapid detection of trisomies 21 and 18 and sexing by quantitative fluorescent multiplex PCR." HUMAN GENETICS, Bd. 98, Nr. 1, 1996, Seiten 55-59, XP002210675 ISSN: 0340-6717 * |
SEKIZAWA A ET AL: "PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS OF DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY USING A SINGLE FETAL NUCLEATED ERYTHROCYTE IN MATERNAL BLOOD" NEUROLOGY, LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, PHILADELPHIA, US, Bd. 46, 1996, Seiten 1350-1353, XP002913295 ISSN: 0028-3878 * |
STEUERWALD N ET AL: "GENDER DETERMINATION BY MULTIPLEX PCR AMPLIFICATION OF ALPHOID REPEAT SEQUENCES FROM SINGLE CELLS" BIOTECHNIQUES, EATON PUBLISHING, NATICK, US, Bd. 16, Nr. 1, 1994, Seiten 82-84, XP000420683 ISSN: 0736-6205 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10081014B2 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2018-09-25 | The General Hospital Corporation | Microfluidic device for cell separation and uses thereof |
US11052392B2 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2021-07-06 | The General Hospital Corporation | Microfluidic device for cell separation and uses thereof |
US8585971B2 (en) | 2005-04-05 | 2013-11-19 | The General Hospital Corporation | Devices and method for enrichment and alteration of cells and other particles |
US9956562B2 (en) | 2005-04-05 | 2018-05-01 | The General Hospital Corporation | Devices and method for enrichment and alteration of cells and other particles |
US10786817B2 (en) | 2005-04-05 | 2020-09-29 | The General Hospital Corporation | Devices and method for enrichment and alteration of cells and other particles |
US8921102B2 (en) | 2005-07-29 | 2014-12-30 | Gpb Scientific, Llc | Devices and methods for enrichment and alteration of circulating tumor cells and other particles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2001263793A1 (en) | 2001-10-03 |
WO2001071026A3 (de) | 2002-12-05 |
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