WO2001047801A1 - Dispositif modificateur - Google Patents
Dispositif modificateur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001047801A1 WO2001047801A1 PCT/JP2000/007867 JP0007867W WO0147801A1 WO 2001047801 A1 WO2001047801 A1 WO 2001047801A1 JP 0007867 W JP0007867 W JP 0007867W WO 0147801 A1 WO0147801 A1 WO 0147801A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shift
- gas
- reaction section
- heat
- shift reaction
- Prior art date
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 423
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 245
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 235000012745 brilliant blue FCF Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a shift converter for converting a reformed gas generated by reforming a hydrocarbon-based source gas by a partial oxidation reaction by a water gas shift reaction using a catalyst.
- hydrogen can be generated by reforming hydrocarbons and methanol, and a fuel reformer that generates hydrogen by reforming in this way can be used for fuel cells, hydrogen engines, and the like.
- a reformer incorporated in a fuel cell system has been known as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-167256.
- This fuel reformer is provided with a fuel reformer filled with a catalyst exhibiting an activity against the partial oxidation reaction.
- a raw material gas is introduced into the fuel reformer, and hydrogen is supplied by the partial oxidation reaction.
- the modified gas is generated.
- the reformed gas is supplied to the shift catalyst in the shift reaction section of the shift converter. To perform a water gas shift reaction to transform.
- the heat resistance of the shift reaction section is low, and high-temperature (for example, 700 ° C) reformed gas from the reforming reaction section is introduced at the high temperature and reacted. Therefore, the shift reaction section is divided into a high-temperature shift reaction section and a low-temperature shift reaction section, and the reformed gas in the reforming reaction section is cooled to, for example, 400 ° C., and then introduced into the high-temperature shift reaction section. Then, the temperature of the reformed gas discharged from the high-temperature shift reaction section is further reduced to, for example, 200 ° C., and the reformed gas is introduced into the low-temperature shift reaction section.
- the shift catalyst of the shift reaction section (10) is a noble metal catalyst having heat resistance, or the shift catalyst of the shift reaction section (10) is? It is preferable to use an alloy of seven or ru as the active metal. In this case, a desired shift catalyst for performing the shift reaction at the high temperature is obtained. That is, when a noble metal catalyst having heat resistance is used, the durability of the catalyst is high, and high activity can be maintained in a wide temperature range. In addition, when a catalyst using Pt or an alloy of Pt and Ru as an active metal is used, the activity becomes high at a high temperature, so that the formation of a metal becomes difficult.
- the heat recovery gas passage (37) through which the heat recovery gas flows may be provided around the catalyst carrier. In this case, since the catalyst carrier is surrounded by the heat recovery gas passage (37), the heat efficiency can be improved.
- the heat recovery gas can be air. By using this air as the heat recovery gas, stable heat exchange can be performed even at a partial load in high-temperature heat recovery, and an easy-to-use heat recovery gas can be easily obtained.
- the heat recovery gas may be exhaust gas (off gas) on the oxygen electrode (34) side (air electrode side) in the fuel cell (31).
- the exhaust gas of the fuel cell (31) is used as the heat recovery gas, it is not necessary to newly prepare air as the heat recovery gas as described above, and the existing exhaust gas of the fuel cell (31) is used as it is. be able to. Also, there is no need for a blower or power for flowing air as heat recovery gas.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a metamorphic device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a shift apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram corresponding to FIG.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a shift device (A) according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- This shift device (A) is used in a fuel cell system (see FIG. 8) in a raw gas containing city gas and humidified air. It is used to convert the reformed gas reformed from water by a water gas shift reaction.
- (1) is a cylindrical housing (1) with a bottom of the metamorphic unit (A), and a cylindrical partition (2) is inside the housing (1).
- the partition wall (2) is formed so as to be divided into an inner space and an outer space, and the partition (2) is formed integrally with the housing (1).
- the end of the housing (1) on the bottom side is partially cut away to connect the inner and outer spaces, and the communication portion and the outer space itself are connected.
- It is configured as a source gas passage (3).
- the source gas passage (3) the end of the housing (1) opening side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the outer space is used as a source gas inlet (4).
- the source gas (including city gas and humidified air) supplied from this source gas pipe is connected to the source gas pipe via the source gas inlet (4) and between the housing (1) and the partition (2). It is supplied to passage (3).
- a reforming reaction section (reforming the raw material gas to generate a hydrogen-rich reformed gas from the raw material gas by a reaction including partial oxidation) 6) is provided, and the inlet (6a) on the bottom side of the housing (1) of the reforming reaction section (6) communicates with the raw material gas passage (3) corresponding to the bottom of the housing (1).
- the reforming reaction section (6) is formed of a cylindrical monolith such as ceramic-aluminum having a honeycomb structure loaded in a partition wall (2). Numerous through holes penetrate in the axial direction (vertical direction in Fig. 1) are used as gas passages.
- the monolith supports a noble metal-based catalyst such as Pt, Rh, and Ru.
- the raw material gas is passed through the monolith gas passage while passing through the catalyst. The gas undergoes a partial oxidation reaction to be reformed into a hydrogen-rich reformed gas.
- a raw material gas passage (3) for supplying a raw gas to the reforming reaction unit (6) is provided around the shift reaction unit (10), and the shift reaction unit (10) and the raw material gas passage are provided. (3) is provided integrally with the reforming reaction section (6) in the housing (1).
- the catalyst carrier (12) has a truncated cone shape whose outer diameter gradually decreases from the bottom side to the opening side of the housing (1).
- the catalyst carrier (12) penetrates the center of the housing (1) in the axial direction of the housing (1).
- a central hole (13) that forms part of the reformed gas passage (11) is opened.
- the downstream end of the central hole (13) opposite to the reforming reaction section (6) is closed, and the outlet (6b) of the reforming reaction section (6) is connected to the shift reaction section (10).
- Most of the introduced reformed gas flows into the center hole (13) of the catalyst carrier (12), and from the center hole (13) radially outward through the catalyst carrier (12).
- the remaining reformed gas While flowing into the space between the outer peripheral surface and the partition wall (2), the remaining reformed gas enters the catalyst carrier (12) directly from the upstream end face of the catalyst carrier (12), and likewise goes radially outward. As a result, the reformed gas flows into the space on the outer peripheral surface of the catalyst carrier (12), and the reformed gas passage (11) is formed along the flow of the reformed gas. And, due to the truncated cone shape of the catalyst carrier (12) as described above, the outer periphery of the catalyst carrier (12) of the shift reaction part (10) has The distance to the source gas passage (3) is set to be greater than the distance to the source gas passage (3) in the upstream part (upper part in Fig. 1).
- the outer peripheral surface of the catalyst carrier (12) is arranged so as to face the raw material gas passage (3) around the partition wall (2), whereby the reaction heat and sensible heat of the shift reaction section (10) are obtained.
- a heat exchanger (15) is provided for exchanging heat with the source gas in the source gas passage (3) by radiation (the transfer of heat during heat exchange is indicated by white arrows in the figure).
- the heat exchanger (15) has a plurality of heat transfer fins protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the partition wall (2) at a portion corresponding to the shift reaction section (10) so as to face the raw material gas passage (3). (16), (16),... These heat transfer fins (16), (16),... Are arranged along the source gas passage (3), and the pitch thereof is the shift reaction section.
- the upstream side (the upper side in Fig. 1) of the reformed gas flow in (10) is narrower than the downstream side.
- the raw material gas preheated by the heat exchange with the reformed gas flows through the raw material gas passage (3) to the bottom of the housing (1), during which the reaction heat of the reforming reaction section (6) is transferred to the heat insulating material (
- the raw material gas is transmitted to the raw material gas via 7) and the partition wall (2), and the heat transfer further heats the raw material gas.
- the raw material gas passing through the raw material gas passage (3) flows into the reforming reaction section (6) from the inlet (6a) on the bottom side of the housing (1), and is catalyzed by the gas passage in the honeycomb monolith. And converted to hydrogen-rich reformed gas by a reaction including partial oxidation. Quality.
- the heat of reaction in the reforming reaction section (6) is subsequently transmitted to the raw material gas flowing through the raw material gas passage (3) through the heat insulating material (7) and the partition wall (2).
- the high-temperature reformed gas generated from the raw material gas in the reforming reaction section (6) flows from the outlet (6b) of the reforming reaction section (6) to the housing (1) in the partition wall (2) on the opening side.
- the water is introduced into the shift reaction section (10), passes through the catalyst carrier (12), and passes through the catalyst carrier (12). Is converted to a reformed gas having a reduced hydrogen yield and a high hydrogen yield. Then, the reformed gas exiting the shift reaction section (10) is sent out via the reformed gas outlet (18), and then supplied to the fuel cell.
- the configuration of the shift converter (A) can be simplified, and the amount of shift catalyst in the shift reaction section (10) can be reduced. Good startup characteristics can be maintained.
- the shift catalyst in the shift reaction section (10) is? 1: Or? Since the alloy of 1, Ru is used as an active metal and has heat resistance, the above-described shift reaction at a high temperature can be favorably performed. In addition, since the above-mentioned shift catalyst is applied or supported on a porous material having a large surface area, which is made of foam metal, Kozi X-light or ceramics, the shift catalyst (10) is modified with the shift catalyst. The reaction area can be increased by increasing the contact area with the raw gas, and the heat radiation efficiency can be increased.
- the reformed gas flows from the center of the catalyst carrier (12) toward the outer periphery.
- most of the reformed gas passes through the catalyst carrier (12) from the center hole (13) of the catalyst carrier (12) toward the outside in the radial direction, and the outer peripheral surface of the catalyst carrier (12) and the partition (2)
- the remaining reformed gas flows into the catalyst carrier (12) directly from the upstream end face of the catalyst carrier (12), and likewise moves radially outward to the outer periphery of the catalyst carrier (12). It flows into the space of the plane.
- the temperature distribution from the inlet to the outlet of the shift reaction section (10) can be varied to form a temperature distribution.
- the catalyst carrier (12) in the shift reaction section (10) is formed in a truncated cone shape, and the distance between the outer peripheral surface and the raw material gas passage (3) on the downstream side in the flow direction of the reformed gas is the same. Since the distance from the side portion to the source gas passage (3) is larger than the distance, the amount of heat exchange to the source gas passage (3) due to the radiation of the shift reaction section (10) is improved in the shift reaction section (10). It changes differently in the upstream and downstream portions of the flow direction of the raw gas, and the temperature at the outlet of the shift reaction section (10) can be kept substantially constant.
- the source gas in the source gas passage (3) around the shift reaction section (10) is heated by the reaction heat of the shift reaction section (10) being transferred by the heat exchanger (15). Therefore, the heat of reaction in the shift reaction section (10) can be recovered for preheating the raw material gas, and the self-heat recovery can improve the thermal efficiency of the shift converter (A). Moreover, since the heat exchanger (15) has heat transfer fins (16), (16), ... facing the source gas passage (3), heat exchange between the shift reaction section (10) and the source gas is performed. The speed is increased and the heat transfer efficiency can be increased.
- a plurality of heat transfer fins (16), (16),... Of the heat exchanger (15) are provided along the raw material gas passage (3), and the plurality of heat transfer fins (16), (16) are provided. ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
- Example 2 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention (in the following embodiments, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted). This is a modification of the structure of part (10).
- the housing (1) of the metamorphic device (A) has a rectangular tube shape with a bottom, a pair of opposed partition walls (2) and (2) are provided inside the housing (1).
- the housing (1) is arranged so as to divide the inside into one inner space and two outer spaces, and both partition walls (2) and (2) are formed integrally with the housing (1) (Fig. 4).
- the end of the housing (1) on the bottom side is cut away to communicate the inner and outer spaces. Both outer spaces themselves constitute a source gas passage (3).
- the catalyst carrier (12) as in Example 1 is not provided in the shift reaction section (10). Instead, a reformed gas passage between the partition walls (2) and (2) between the inner surfaces of the partition walls (2) and (2) corresponding to the shift reaction section (10) (11) (internal space) A plurality of reformed gas side heat transfer fins (21), (21), ... extending in the direction of the center line of the housing (1) are stretched over the body.
- each reformed gas side heat transfer fin (21), each partition (2), and the housing (1) facing the reformed gas passage (11) are made of metal and constitute a catalyst carrier.
- the surface of each reformed gas-side heat transfer fin (21), the inner surface of each partition (2), and the inner surface of the housing (1) are coated or carried with a shift catalyst forming a shift reaction section (10).
- the position of the catalyst is indicated by a thick solid line in FIG. 4).
- Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. It is sufficient that the shift catalyst is applied or supported on at least the surface of each of the reformed gas side heat transfer fins (21), (21),.
- the high temperature discharged from the outlet (6b) of the reforming reaction section (6) When the reformed gas is supplied to the reformed gas passage (11) of the shift reaction section (10), the reformed gas flows into the reformed gas passage (11) while flowing through the reformed gas passage (11).
- the heat transfer fins on each reforming gas side (21) surface, partition walls (2) inner surface and housing (1) shift reaction by contact with the catalyst on the inner surface. This reaction heat is transferred from the reformed gas side heat transfer fins (21), (21), ... to the source gas passage (3) via the source gas side heat transfer fins (22), (22), ... It is transmitted to the source gas. Therefore, in this case, the operation and effect can be obtained as in the first embodiment. In addition, the efficiency of heat transfer from the shift reaction section (10) to the source gas can be increased.
- the heat transfer fins (22), (22), ... of the raw gas side of the heat exchanger (23) are protruded from the outer peripheral surface of the partition wall (2), while the heat transfer fins (21) of the reformed gas side , (21), ... are provided on the inner surface of the partition wall (2) so as to divide the reformed gas passageway (11) into a plurality of portions, and the surface or partition wall of each reformed gas side heat transfer fin (21) is formed.
- the shift catalyst is carried or coated on the inner surface of (2). Therefore, in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the second embodiment can be obtained.
- the raw material gas passage (3), the reforming reaction section (6), and the shift reaction section (10) are provided integrally in the housing (1).
- the section (6) may be provided separately, and only the source gas passage (3) and the shift reaction section (10) may be provided integrally in the housing (1).
- FIG. 8 shows a fuel cell system according to Example 4, and (31) shows a known solid-state fuel cell system.
- This polymer fuel cell (31) has a hydrogen electrode (33) as an anode, which is a catalyst electrode disposed across a battery body (32) made of a solid polymer electrolyte.
- a fuel electrode) and an oxygen electrode (34) (air electrode) as a power source.
- the hydrogen electrode (33) is used for reforming gas containing hydrogen
- the oxygen electrode (34) is used for air containing oxygen.
- the electrode is supplied to cause an electrode reaction, and an electromotive force is generated between both electrodes (33) and (34).
- the hydrogen electrode (33) of the fuel cell (31) is connected to a hydrogen electrode exhaust gas passage (36), and the oxygen electrode (34) is connected to a heat recovery gas passage (37) as an oxygen electrode exhaust gas passage.
- the fuel cell (31) is connected to an exhaust gas parner (38).
- the fuel cell (31) separates the hydrogen electrode-side exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen electrode (33) and the oxygen electrode-side exhaust gas discharged from the oxygen electrode (34), respectively. It is sent to an exhaust gas parner (38) for combustion.
- a raw material gas preheater (52) is provided in the reformed gas passage (11) between the reforming reaction section (6) and the shift reaction section (10).
- a raw material gas preheater (52) is provided in the reformed gas passage (11) between the reforming reaction section (6) and the shift reaction section (10).
- the reformed gas generated in the reforming reaction section (6) is cooled for CO conversion in the shift reaction section (10) and its waste heat is recovered, and the reformed gas is recovered by the recovered waste heat. Preheat the source gas in the source gas passage (3) supplied to the reaction section (6).
- the (49) is a blower that discharges air.
- the upstream end of an air supply passage (50) is connected to the blower (49).
- the downstream end of the air supply passage (50) is connected to the oxygen of the fuel cell (31).
- the air (oxygen) from the blower (49) is supplied to the oxygen electrode (34) of the fuel cell (31) via the air supply circuit (50). .
- the shift reaction section (1 The housing (1) of 0) is a rectangular tube, and the inside of the housing (1) is partitioned into one inner space and two outer spaces by a pair of opposing partition walls (2) and (2).
- the inner space is formed as a reformed gas passage (11), and both outer spaces are formed as a heat recovery gas passage (37). Therefore, the heat recovery gas passage (37) is partially provided around a catalyst carrier (12) described later in the reformed gas passage (11).
- the shift reaction section (10) since the shift catalyst in the shift reaction section (10) is coated or supported on the catalyst carrier (12) made of a porous material, the shift reaction section (10) allows the shift catalyst and the reformed gas to react with each other.
- the reaction speed can be increased by increasing the contact area, and the heat radiation efficiency can be increased.
- the heat recovery gas is exhaust gas on the oxygen electrode (34) side of the fuel cell (31), it is necessary to newly prepare the air as in the case of using air as the heat recovery gas.
- the existing exhaust gas from the fuel cell (31) can be used as it is, and there is no need for a propeller or power for flowing air as heat recovery gas.
- air can be used as the heat recovery gas.
- air can be used as the heat recovery gas.
- stable heat exchange can be achieved even under partial load in high-temperature heat recovery. Therefore, there is an advantage that an easy-to-use heat recovery gas can be easily obtained.
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show Embodiment 5 in which the structure of the shift reaction section (10) in Embodiment 4 is changed.
- both the partition walls (2) and (2) in the housing (1) in the shift reaction section (10) of the shift converter (A) A plurality of reformed gas-side heat transfer fins (21), (21), which face the reformed gas passage (11) (internal space) between (2) and (2) and extend in the direction of flow of the reformed gas therein. ),... Are hung over the body.
- a plurality of heat recovery gas side heat transfer fins (25), (25), ... extending in the axial direction of the housing (1) so as to face the heat recovery gas passage (37).
- a heat exchanger (26) for exchanging heat between the reformed gas in 1) and the heat recovery gas in the heat recovery gas passage (37) is configured.
- reaction heat is transferred from the reformed gas side heat transfer fins (21), (21),... Via the heat recovery gas side heat transfer fins (25), (25),. Heat recovery gas. Therefore, in this case, the operation and effect can be obtained in the same manner as in the fourth embodiment.
- the shift catalyst is coated or carried on the surface of each reformed gas side heat transfer fin (21), the inner surface of each partition (2) and the housing (1), which constitute a metal catalyst carrier.
- the efficiency of heat transfer from the reformed gas to the heat recovery gas can be increased in the reaction section (10), and it is desirable to cool the shift catalyst facing the reformed gas passage (11) by heat exchange with the heat recovery gas. A good catalyst support is obtained.
- FIG. 11 shows a sixth embodiment.
- the shapes of the housing (1) and the partition (2) are changed to a circular shape.
- the housing (1) and the partition (2) are cylindrically arranged concentrically with each other.
- the heat transfer side heat transfer fins (25), (25), ... of the heat exchanger (26) protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the partition (2), while the reformed gas side heat transfer fins (21 ), (21), ... are provided on the inner surface of the partition wall (2) so as to partition the reformed gas passage (11) into a plurality of portions.
- the modified catalyst is carried or applied to the inner surface of the partition wall (2) (both metallic catalyst carriers). Therefore, in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the fifth embodiment can be obtained.
- the present invention can be applied to a reformer used other than the fuel cell system as in the above embodiments.
- the reformed gas discharged from the reforming reaction section is denatured in a wide temperature range from a high temperature state in which the reaction rate is high to a low temperature state in which the reaction is advantageous in terms of equilibrium, and the metamorphosis temperature range is expanded.
- Industrial applicability is high in that it can improve practicality.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001549286A JP4736299B2 (ja) | 1999-12-28 | 2000-11-08 | 変成装置 |
EP00974847A EP1167282B1 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 2000-11-08 | Shift reactor with heat-exchanger |
US09/914,378 US6814944B1 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 2000-11-08 | Modifying device |
DE60034223T DE60034223T2 (de) | 1999-12-28 | 2000-11-08 | Shift-reaktor mit wärmetauscher |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11-372696 | 1999-12-28 | ||
JP37269699 | 1999-12-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001047801A1 true WO2001047801A1 (fr) | 2001-07-05 |
Family
ID=18500902
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2000/007867 WO2001047801A1 (fr) | 1999-12-28 | 2000-11-08 | Dispositif modificateur |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6814944B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1167282B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4736299B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100723371B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1310829C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60034223T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001047801A1 (ja) |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003192305A (ja) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-09 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 改質装置 |
US7416570B2 (en) | 2003-02-14 | 2008-08-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell power generation system |
US8530104B2 (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2013-09-10 | Panasonic Corporation | Method of operating a fuel cell system |
JP2006073264A (ja) * | 2004-08-31 | 2006-03-16 | Toshiba Fuel Cell Power Systems Corp | 燃料電池発電システム及び温水生成方法 |
US8728675B2 (en) | 2004-11-08 | 2014-05-20 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system |
JP2008538097A (ja) * | 2005-03-29 | 2008-10-09 | テキサコ ディベラップメント コーポレイション | 熱統合水素発生システムのための方法及び装置 |
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CN102639227A (zh) * | 2009-12-01 | 2012-08-15 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 用于进行自热气相脱氢的反应器 |
CN102639227B (zh) * | 2009-12-01 | 2014-10-01 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 用于进行自热气相脱氢的反应器 |
CN103958048A (zh) * | 2011-08-02 | 2014-07-30 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 用于实施自热气相脱氢的连续方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1167282A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
EP1167282A4 (en) | 2005-04-13 |
US6814944B1 (en) | 2004-11-09 |
CN1310829C (zh) | 2007-04-18 |
KR20010104711A (ko) | 2001-11-26 |
DE60034223D1 (de) | 2007-05-16 |
CN1341076A (zh) | 2002-03-20 |
DE60034223T2 (de) | 2007-08-23 |
JP4736299B2 (ja) | 2011-07-27 |
KR100723371B1 (ko) | 2007-05-31 |
EP1167282B1 (en) | 2007-04-04 |
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