Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D409/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
  • A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
  • A61P15/12—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for climacteric disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
  • A61P19/10—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
  • C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
  • C07D311/22—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
  • C07D311/26—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
  • C07D311/28—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only
  • C07D311/30—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only not hydrogenated in the hetero ring, e.g. flavones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
  • C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D311/78—Ring systems having three or more relevant rings
  • C07D311/80—Dibenzopyrans; Hydrogenated dibenzopyrans
  • C07D311/82—Xanthenes
  • C07D311/84—Xanthenes with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 9
  • C07D311/86—Oxygen atoms, e.g. xanthones

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a novel class of compounds which have structures related to certain naturally occurring and synthetic chalcones, as well as to methods for the preparation of such compounds and to pharmaceutical uses thereof.
• the compound 1 ,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-one is known by the trivial name "chalcone”.
• Many naturally occurring flavonoids share structural features with chalcone and are referred to by the generic term "chalcones”.
• certain flavonoids, including ones which are also classified as chalcones have recently been demonstrated to have anticancer activity (Cancer Research 48 ⁇ 5754, 1988) and chemopreventive activity in some tumours (J. Nat. Prod. 53, 23, 1990).
• quercetin an ubiquitous flavonoid found in plants, has been shown to act on the proliferation of human leukaemic cells (Br. J. Haematology, 75, 489, 1990) and on other cell lines (Br. J. Cancer, 62, 94, 942, 1990; Int. J. Cancer, 46, 112. 1990; Gynaecologic Oncology, 45, 13, 1992) and to possess a synergic action with common antiblastic drugs.
• Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted, (preferably aromatic), carbocyclic or heterocyclic group, said carbocyclic or heterocyclic group containing from 5 to 10 ring atoms, said ring atoms forming one or two rings, wherein the or each ring contains 5 or 6 ring atoms, any heteroatoms being selected from N, O and S, any substituents on the Ar group being independently selected from the group consisting of:
• R 10 represents a saturated or unsaturated lower C 1-6 straight or branched hydrocarbyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 substituents selected from: Cl, Br, F, OMe, NO 2 and CF 3 , and (I) -OCOR 11 , wherein R 11 represents a saturated or unsaturated lower C 1-6 straight or branched hydrocarbyl group or a phenyl group; R represents OH, OR 10 or OCOR 11 , wherein R 10 and R 11 are as defined above; and
• R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from:
• R 2 and R 3 taken together represent Ring Q, said Ring Q being a five- or six-membered, preferably aromatic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, any heteroatom being selected from N, O, or S, said ring being unsaturated or saturated, said carbocyclic ring or heterocyclic ring may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from: Cl, Br, F, OH, NO 2 , CF 3 , C 1-4 lower alkyl, SCH 3 , NHCOCH 3 , N(R 6 )(R 8 ), OR 10 and OCOR 11 , wherein R 6 , R 8 , R 10 and
• R 11 are as defined for Formula (I).
• Formula (IA) represent the xanthone derivatives of the present invention.
• the present invention also embraces compounds of Formula (I), wherein R and Ar are as defined for Formula (I) above and wherein R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from:
• R 11 are as defined above, (ii) Cl, (iii) Br, (iv) F, (v) OH, (vi) N0 2 , (vii) a saturated or unsaturated lower C 1-6 straight or branched hydrocarbyl group which may be unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 substituents selected from Cl, Br, F, OMe, NO 2 and CF 3 , (viii) NHCOCH 3 , (ix) N(R 6 )(R 8 ), (x) SR 10 , (xi)
• Such compounds include flavone derivatives according to the present invention.
• One preferred class of compounds according to Formula (I) are those wherein Ar, R and R 3 are as defined in the above paragraph and wherein
• R 2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted, preferably aromatic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic group containing from 5 to 10 ring atoms, said ring atoms forming one or two rings, wherein the or each ring contains 5 or 6 ring atoms, any heteroatoms being selected from N, O and S, any substituents being independently selected from the group consisting of: Cl, Br, F, OH, N0 2 , CF 3 , C 1-4 lower alkyl (in particular CH 3 ), SCH 3 , NHCOCH 3 , N(R 6 )(R 8 ), OR 10 and OCOR 11 , wherein R 6 , R 8 , R 10 and R 11 are as defined as for Formula (I) above, represent flavone derivatives according to the present invention.
• R 3 is selected from the group consisting of:
• R 2 represents: a substituted or unsubstituted, preferably aromatic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic group containing from 5 to 10 ring atoms, said ring atoms forming one or two rings, wherein the or each ring contains 5 or 6 ring atoms, any heteroatoms being selected from N, O and S, any substituents being independently selected from the group consisting of: Cl, Br, F, OH, NO 2 , CF 3 , d-» lower alkyl (in particular CH 3 ), SCH 3 , NHCOCHs, N(R 6 )(R 8 ), OR 10 and OCOR 11 , wherein R 6 , R 8 , R 0 and R 11 are as defined in Claim 1 ; and R 3 is selected from the group consisting of:
• R 11 are as defined above.
• a further preferred group of compounds according to the present invention include compounds wherein R 3 is selected from: Cl, Br, F, OH, N0 2 , CF 3 , C M lower alkyl, SCH 3 , NHCOCH 3 , N(R 6 )(R 8 ), OR 10 , and OCOR 11 wherein R 6 , R 8 , R 10 and R 1 are as defined for Formula (I) above.
• R 3 group is C 1-4 lower alkyl, especially methyl.
• R 2 preferably represents a substituted or unsubstituted (preferably aromatic) carbocyclic group containing from 5 to 10 ring atoms, said ring atoms forming one or two rings, wherein the or each ring contains 5 or 6 ring atoms, and any substituents are independently selected from the group consisting of:
• R 2 preferably represents an unsubstituted, preferably aromatic, carbocyclic group containing from 5 to 10 ring atoms, said ring atoms forming one or two rings.
• An especially preferred R 2 group is phenyl.
• Ar preferably represents phenyl which may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, F, OH, N0 2 , CF 3 , C 1-4 lower alkyl (in particular CH 3 ),
• Ar groups include phenyl or phenyl substituted with 1 , 2 or 3 methoxy groups.
• R 10 and R 11 groups are preferably a saturated or unsaturated C ⁇ straight chain or branched hydrocarbyl group. Particularly preferred groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl and iso-propyl. An especially preferred group is methyl.
• a further preferred group of compounds of the invention are compounds of
• Ar represents phenyl, which may be unsubstituted or substituted by one, two or three substituents independently selected from Cl, Br, F, OMe, N0 2 , CF 3 , C lower alkyl (in particular CH 3 ),
• Ar is preferably selected from trimethoxyphenyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl and 3-indolyl
• Ar contains a basic nitrogen function, for example, by virtue of a heterocyclic nitrogen ring atom being present, or Ar may contain a substituent having a basic nitrogen, such as an amine, or an acetamido function.
• a preferred Ar group is a substituted or unsubstituted, preferably aromatic, heterocyclic group, said heterocyclic group containing from 5 to 10 ring atoms, at least one of which is a nitrogen atom, said ring atoms forming one or two rings, with the or each ring containing 5 or 6 ring atoms, wherein any substituent on the ring is as defined as for Formula (I).
• a further preferred group of compounds is wherein the group Ar is substituted with at least one substituent selected from NHCOCH 3 or N(R 6 )(R 8 ), wherein R 6 and R 8 are the same or different and each represents H or lower C 1-4 alkyl.
• Particularly preferred Ar groups containing a basic nitrogen function include of 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, 3-indolyl, 4-dimethylaminophenyl and 4-acetamidophenyl.
• the present invention also provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) in the manufacture of an antiproliferative medicament.
• the compounds of the present invention may be useful for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of neoplasms, particularly those located in the uterus, ovary or breast.
• the compounds may be useful for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer cells that are resistant to paclitaxel and docetaxel.
• the compounds of Formula (I) may advantageously be used in combination therapies involving the combined use of a compound of Formula (I) and another anti-neoplastic agent, especially paclitaxel or docetaxel.
• the combination therapy may involve simultaneous or successive administration of a compound of Formula (I) and an anti-neoplastic agent. Such combination therapy forms a further aspect of the invention.
• the compounds of the invention may be further used in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of menopausal disorders and osteoporosis.
• the present invention further includes a pharmaceutical composition comprising one of more of the compounds of Formula I in combination with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
• Example 1 General conditions to obtain chalcones. Method A.
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of acetophenone (0.0075 mol) and aldehyde (0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compounds are crystallized by ethanol or first separated by chromatography and then crystallized by ethanol.
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 3-(3- methylbut-2-enyloxy)-4-acetylxanthen-9-one (2.4 g, 0.0075 mol) and benzaldehyde (0.8 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compound is crystallized by methanol to give 2.1 g of product m.p.
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 3-(3- methylbut-2-enyloxy)-4-acetylxanthen-9-one (2.4 g, 0.0075 mol) and 3- methoxy-benzaldehyde (1.01 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%, the addition being performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified.
• the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compound is crystallized with methanol to give 1.9 g of product m.p.
• Example 4. 1 -[3-(3-Methylbut-2-enyloxy)xanthen-9-one-4-yl]-3-(3,4,5-tri- methoxyphenyl)-propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 178).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 3-(3- methylbut-2-enyloxy)-4-acetylxanthen-9-one (2.4 g, 0.0075 mol) and 3, 4, 5- trimethoxy-benzaldehyde (1.47 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compound is crystallized by methanol to give 2.2 g of product m.p.
• Example 5 1-[3-(allyloxy)xanthen-9-one-4-yl] -3-phenyl-propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 175).
• Example 6 1-[3-methyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)flavon-8-yl]-3-phenyl- propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 166).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-(3- methylbut-2-enyloxy)-8-acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.71 g, 0.0075 mol) and benzaldehyde (0.8 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compound is crystallized by methanol to give 2.3 g of product m.p.
• Example 8 1 -[3-methy l-7-(3-methy lbut-2-enyloxy)flavon-8-y l]-3-(3,4,5-tri- methoxy)phenyl-propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 173).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-(3- methylbut-2-enyloxy)-8-acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.71 g, 0.0075 mol) and 3,4,5- trimethoxy-benzaldehyde (1.47 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-allyloxy-8- acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.5 g, 0.0075 mol) and benzaldehyde (0.8 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• Example 10 1 -[3-methyl-7-(allyloxy)flavon-8-yl)-3-(3-methoxyphenyl)- propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 168).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-allyloxy-8- acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.5 g, 0.0075 mol) and 3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (1.01 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• Example 11 1-[3-methyl-7-(allyloxy)flavon-8-yl]-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxy- phenyl)propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 171).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-allyloxy-8- acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.5 g, 0.0075 mol) and 3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzaldehyde (1.47 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compound is crystallized by methanol to give 2.4 g of product m.p.121-23 ° C, 1 H-NMR (CDCI 3 ) ⁇ : 2.20 (s, 3H); 3.87 (m, 9H); 4.73
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-(2- methylallyloxy)-8-acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.61 g, 0.0075 mol) and benzaldehyde (0.8 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• Example 13 1-[3-methyl-7-(2-methylallyloxy)flavon-8-yl]-3-(3-methoxy- phenyl)-propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 169).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-(2- methylallyloxy)-8-acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.61 g, 0.0075 mol) and 3-methoxy- benzaldehyde (1.01 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compound is crystallized by methanol to give 2.4 g of product m.p.
• Example 14 1 -[3-methyl-7-(2-methylallyloxy)flavon-8-yl]-3-(3,4,5-tri- methoxyphenyl)-propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 172).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-(2- methylallyloxy)-8-acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.61 g, 0.0075 mol) and 3,4,5- trimethoxy-benzaldehyde (1.47 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• Example 15 1-[3-methyl-7-(prop-2-ynyloxy)flavon-8-yl]-3-phenyl-propen-1- one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 167).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-(prop-2- ynyloxy)-8-acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.49 g, 0.0075 mol) and benzaldehyde (0.8 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%.
• the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 7-(3- methylbut-2-enyloxy)-8-acetyl-3-methylflavone (2.71 g, 0.0075 mol) and 2- thiophene-carboxyaldehyde (0.84 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left under stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compound is crystallized by methanol to give 2.5 g of product m.p.
• Example 18 1 -[3-methyl-7-methoxyflavon-8-yl]-3-(4-cyanophenyl)-propen- 1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 247).
• Example 19 1 -(2-Methylallyloxy-xanthen-9-one-4-yl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)- propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 245).
• Example 20 1-(2-Allyloxy-xanthen-9-one-4-yl)-3-(4- methylthiophenyl)propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing VIB 244).
• a solution of KOH 50% (3 ml) is added to an equimolar solution of 3-(allyloxy)- 4-acetylxanthen-9-one (2.21 g, 0.0075 mol) and 4-methylthio-benzaldehyde (1.13 g, 0.0075 mol) in ethanol 95%; the addition is performed under energetic stirring at room temperature.
• the reaction is left stirring for one night and then diluted with water and acidified; the precipitate is separated by filtration and dried under vacuum.
• the compound is crystallized by methanol to give 2.1 g of product m.p.
• Example 22 1 -(2-Methy lally loxy-xanthen-9-one-4-y l)-3-(2,6-dichloro- phenyl)-propen-1-one (see accompanying formula drawing
• the compounds were then evaluated in combination with paclitaxel for their cytostatic activity against the drug-resistant breast cancer cells MDA-435/LCC6-MDR.
• the compounds were used in combination with paclitaxel, the paclitaxel being at a concentration of 0.3 ⁇ M.
• Paclitaxel used alone possesses an IC 50 of 426 nM.
• the IC 50 of paclitaxel decreases by 5-20 fold when used in combination with each of VIB 167, VIB 178 and VIB 173., i.e. from 426 nM to 82-21 nM, compared with paclitaxel alone. Consequently, in the presence of these compounds, paclitaxel can recover its excellent inhibitory activity against the drug-resistant cancer cells.
• the treatment consisted of concurrent exposure of MDA-435/LCC-MDR cells to paclitaxel in the presence or absence of the compounds reversing agent (1 ⁇ M) for 72 h in vitro.
• Assessment of cytotoxicity i.e. cell growth inhibition, was determined according to the methods of Skehan, et al. as discussed in J. Nat. Cancer Inst, 82, 1107, 1990.
• cells were plated between 400 and 1200 cells/well in 96 well plates and incubated at 37°C for 15-18 h prior to drug addiction to allow attachment of cells.
• Compounds were solubilized in 100% DMSO and further diluted in RPMI-1640 containing 10 mM HEPES. After a 72 h incubation, 100 ml of ice- cold 50% TCA was added to each well and incubated for 1 h at 4°C. Plates were then washed 5 times with tap water to remove TCA, low-molecular weight metabolites and serum proteins.
• Sulforhodamine B (SRB) (0.4%, 50 ml) was added to each well.

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