WO2001004186A1 - Organisch modifizierte kieselsäurepolykondensate, deren herstellung und deren verwendung - Google Patents
Organisch modifizierte kieselsäurepolykondensate, deren herstellung und deren verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001004186A1 WO2001004186A1 PCT/DE2000/001833 DE0001833W WO0104186A1 WO 2001004186 A1 WO2001004186 A1 WO 2001004186A1 DE 0001833 W DE0001833 W DE 0001833W WO 0104186 A1 WO0104186 A1 WO 0104186A1
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- Prior art keywords
- general formula
- compounds
- compound
- silica
- radical
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 modified silane diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylbutane-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(C(=O)C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- OLLFKUHHDPMQFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](O)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OLLFKUHHDPMQFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910008051 Si-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910006358 Si—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZLDHYRXZZNDOKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyl-3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC ZLDHYRXZZNDOKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910020175 SiOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 2
- MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2(O)CCCCC2)C=1C1(O)CCCCC1 MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QNODIIQQMGDSEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1(O)CCCCC1 QNODIIQQMGDSEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dione Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(=O)C(=O)C1C2(C)C VNQXSTWCDUXYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012956 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl-ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCDADJXRUCOCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorothioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3SC2=C1 ZCDADJXRUCOCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRRQSCPPOIUNGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 LRRQSCPPOIUNGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYISVPVWAQRUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC=C3SC2=C1 MYISVPVWAQRUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KTALPKYXQZGAEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-ylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C(C)C)=CC=C3SC2=C1 KTALPKYXQZGAEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN SJECZPVISLOESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003341 Bronsted base Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVDBRPUWNAGCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-O C=Cc1ccc(CC[SH2+])cc1 Chemical compound C=Cc1ccc(CC[SH2+])cc1 QVDBRPUWNAGCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 0 C[*+]CCc1ccc(C=C)cc1 Chemical compound C[*+]CCc1ccc(C=C)cc1 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003109 Karl Fischer titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013466 adhesive and sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930006711 bornane-2,3-dione Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012933 diacyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004413 injection moulding compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005634 peroxydicarbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003847 radiation curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006120 scratch resistant coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012619 stoichiometric conversion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
Definitions
- the invention relates to organically modified, storage-stable, UV-curable, NIR-permeable and photostructurable silica polycondensates in layer thicknesses of 1 to 150 ⁇ m, their production and their use.
- Organically modified silica polycondensates are widely used, e.g. as coatings for a wide variety of substrates or in the production of moldings. Compared to purely organic polymers, organically modified silica polycondensates show a number of advantageous properties, e.g. higher temperature resistance and temperature resistance, better adhesion etc.
- Organically modified silica polycondensates according to the prior art are prepared via aqueous sol-gel syntheses, i.e. obtained via hydrolytic condensation reactions, and therefore they have Si-OH groups. Disadvantages of these organically modified silica polycondensates containing 5 Si-OH groups are the poor reproducibility of their synthesis and the poor stability in storage. The Si-OH groups contained in the system react slowly with self-condensation, which leads to an increase in the viscosity of the system.
- This inorganic post-condensation is particularly disadvantageous in the case of structurable materials.
- the inorganic oligomer formation should be completed before structuring by organic polymerization, because after the organic polymerization the mobility of the Si-OH groups is restricted. If the inorganic oligomer formation is not complete, SiOH groups remain in the system and lead to increased water absorption.
- organically modified silicic acid polycondensates which are obtained by condensation of one or more organically modified silane diols of the general formula I.
- the silica polycondensates according to the invention can also be prepared d ⁇ derived precondensates or mixtures of monomers and precondensates are used.
- the molar ratio of the compounds I and II, based on the monomers, is 1: 1.
- Up to 90 mol% of the compound of the general formula II can be replaced by one or more co-condensable compounds of boron, aluminum, silicon, germanium, titanium and zirconium. If compounds of the general formula II are replaced by these co-condensable compounds, the molar ratio of the compounds I and II naturally changes. When replacing compounds of the general formula II by co-condensable compounds, care must be taken that the amount of the condensable compounds Groups of compound II is replaced by an equivalent amount of co-condensable groups. It should be noted that only two of the three alkoxy groups are capable of condensation in the compound of the general formula II.
- Ar a residue with 6 to 20 carbon atoms and with at least one aromatic group
- R ' methyl or ethyl
- Silanes of the general formula II can be condensed via the radicals OR 'with silanediols of the general formula I, with the elimination of methanol or ethanol.
- an inorganic network with Si-O-Si bridges is built up.
- the free valences of the silicon atoms are saturated with Ar, R and R'O residues.
- the general reaction scheme of the condensation looks as follows: n Ar 2 Si (OH) 2 + n RSi (OR ') 3 > polycondensate + 2n ROH
- the radical Ar of the general formula I denotes a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic radical. It is particularly preferred if Ar denotes phenyl, tolyl, styryl or naphthyl. Specific examples of compounds of the general formula are
- the radical R in compounds of the general formula II contains one or more acrylic and / or methacrylic groups. Without restricting generality, specific configurations of such residues R
- H 2 C CC-0-CH 2 -CH 2 -OC-NH
- H 2 C CC-0-CH 2 - CH-OC-NH HO CH 3
- H 3 oo ⁇ H 2 C CC-0-CH 2 - C-CH 2 -
- H 2 C CC-0-CH 2 - CH 2 - OC-NH CH
- H 2 C CC-0-CH-CH 2 -OC-NH CH OH
- H 2 C CC-0-CH 2 -CH 2 - OC-NH CHa
- H 2 C CC-0-CH 2
- H 2 C-0-CC CH 2
- H 2 C C (CH 3 ) - C (O) - 0-CH 2 - C-CH 2 - 0-CH 2 - C-CH 2 -
- H 2 C CC-0-CH 2
- H 2 C-0-CC CH 2
- the compounds of the general formulas I and II are condensed.
- the polycondensation is preferably carried out by the sol-gel process and at temperatures between 20 and 100 ° C, preferably between 50 and 100 ° C, or the boiling point of the lowest boiling component.
- the condensation is particularly preferably carried out at the boiling point of the methanol.
- the volatiles are removed by conventional methods, e.g. removed by heating and / or negative pressure.
- Lewis or Bronsted bases can be used to initiate or accelerate the condensation.
- these are amines, e.g. N-methylimidazole or benzyldimethylamine.
- triethylamine, ammonium fluoride or one or more alkaline earth metal hydroxide is used as the base.
- Barium hydroxide is particularly preferably used as the alkaline earth hydroxide. If insoluble bases are used in the reaction medium, e.g. Alkaline earth hydroxides, it is advisable to separate them from the resulting mixture after the condensation has ended, e.g. by filtration.
- chelated or non-chelated aluminum or zirconium alkoxides can be used for the condensation instead of the bases mentioned above.
- the compounds of general formula II are replaced by one or more co-condensable compounds of boron, aluminum, silicon, germanium, titanium and zirconium.
- compounds of the general formula II are replaced by one or more co-condensable compounds of the general formula III.
- R is identical or different, M represents boron or aluminum and R" represents an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R represents an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- all three alkoxy radicals are co-compounds with compounds of the general formula I condensable, so that compounds of general formula II are replaced by compounds of general formula III in a molar ratio of 3: 2. That three molecules of compound II are replaced by two molecules of compound III.
- compounds of the general formula II are replaced by one or more co-condensable compounds of the general formula IV.
- R represents an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- all four alkoxy radicals are with compounds of general formula I co-condensable so that compounds of general formula II are replaced by compounds of general formula IV in a molar ratio of 2: 1. That two molecules of compound II are replaced by one molecule of compound IV.
- Specific examples of compounds of the general formula IV are Si (OCH 3 ) 4 , Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 4 , Si (0-nC 3 H 7 ) 4 , Si (0-iC 3 H 7 ) 4 , Si (0 -nC 4 H 9 ) 4 , Si (0-iC 4 H 9 ) 4 , Si (0-sC 4 H 9 ) 4 , Ge (OCH 3 ) 4 , Ge (OC 2 H 5 ) 4 , Ge (0- nC 3 H 7 ) 4 , Ge (0-iC 3 H 7 ) 4 , Ge (0-nC 4 H 9 ) 4 , Ge (0-i- C 4 H 9 ) 4 , Ge (0-sC 4 H 9 ) 4 , Ti (OCH 3 ) 4 , Ti (OC 2 H 5 ) 4 , Ti (0-nC 3 H 7 ) 4 , Ti (0-iC 3 H 7 ) 4 , Ti (0-n-C 4 H 9 ) 4 , Ti (0-iC 4 H 9
- titanium or zirconium compounds If compounds of general formula II are partially replaced by the above-mentioned compounds of titanium and zirconium, these titanium or zirconium compounds also cause the condensation and the addition of a catalyst, for example a base, is no longer necessary.
- a catalyst for example a base
- the above-mentioned titanium and zirconium compounds therefore take on the function of a condensation catalyst.
- Another advantage of this variant is that after Ended condensation excess catalyst no longer has to be removed from the reaction medium, since it is completely built into the inorganic network.
- the incorporation of germanium and / or titanium and / or zirconium atoms in the inorganic network increases the hardness and the abrasion resistance of the resulting polycondensate, on the one hand, as a result of the higher inorganic spatial network density.
- the refractive index of the resulting polycondensate is shifted to higher values.
- the refractive index of the resulting material can thus be set in a targeted manner by the targeted incorporation of these atoms into the inorganic network. This makes these materials ideally suited for use in optical components, because they contain the specific setting of the refractive index, e.g. in the light pipe for coupling and decoupling, absolutely necessary.
- the radicals R ' are the same or different and are methyl or ethyl.
- Compounds II are replaced by compounds of the general formula V in a molar ratio of 1: 1.
- Specific examples of compounds of the general formula V are CF 3 -C 2 H 4 -Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 -CF 2 -C 2 H 4 -Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 - (CF 2 ) 2 -C 2 H 4 -Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 - (CF 2 ) 3 -C 2 H 4 -Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 - (CF 2 ) 4 -C 2 H 4 -Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 - ( CF 2 ) 5 -C 2 H 4 -Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 - (CF 2 ) 6 -C 2 H 4 -Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , CF 3 - (CF 2 ) 7 -C 2 H 4 -
- the refractive index and the optical attenuation of the polycondensates according to the invention can be adapted to the requirements of the respective application.
- alkylated components at 1310 nm and at 1550 nm reduce the refractive index while increasing the attenuation. It is assumed that the upper harmonic and combination vibrations of the polycondensate according to the invention are responsible for this.
- Arylated components increase the refractive index (for example at 1550 nm) without significantly increasing the attenuation of the material according to the invention.
- Fluorinated components lower both the refractive index and the attenuation of the polycondensates according to the invention.
- the radical R 1 of the general formula V carries -OH and / or -SH and / or -NH 2 groups.
- these residues cause an increase in the absorption in the NIR, they can be used after the polycondensation for coupling with other building blocks, as a result of which the absorption of the resulting materials is reduced again.
- further functionalities can be introduced into the resulting polycondensates.
- a chemical modification of the polycondensates according to the invention is possible.
- triacrylates can be added to a -CH 2 -SH Group can be added to form a thioether group.
- Another example of a chemical modification is the formation of urethane or urea derivatives by adding isocyanate compounds to -CH 2 -OH or -CH 2 -NH 2 groups of the polycondensates.
- Up to 90 mol% of the compounds of the general formula II can be replaced by one or more compounds of the general formulas III and / or IV and / or V.
- no more than 80 mol% of the compounds of the general formula II are replaced by compounds of the general formula III and / or IV and / or V.
- silica polycondensates according to the invention can be obtained by adding organically modified silica polycondensates according to the invention as a resin and / or as particles to the reaction medium before and / or during and / or after the condensation.
- This offers the advantage of being able to combine different properties of different resin or resin particle systems.
- the properties of the resulting polycondensates, e.g. Refractive index, thermal expansion coefficient or polymerisation shrinkage can meet the requirements of the respective person
- the silica polycondensates according to the invention are produced in a one-stage, anhydrous process. No water is used as a starting material in the synthesis route. This forces a clear reaction route and suppresses side reactions. By the presence of a base and by an elevated reaction temperature, e.g. at 50 ° C, a short reaction time and an almost stoichiometric conversion of the starting materials is achieved.
- the resulting silica polycondensate / alcohol mixture is concentrated at elevated temperature until the volatile constituents have been completely removed.
- the completeness of the reaction can be followed using the weight loss according to the stoichiometric equation.
- the total mass of the batch decreases exactly by the previously calculated mass of the volatile constituents. Analysis of the volatiles removed confirms the assumptions regarding the stoichiometry of the reaction.
- silica polycondensates according to the invention can either be used as such or in compositions which additionally contain additives adapted to the intended use, e.g. Common paint additives, fillers, photoinitiators, thermal initiators, leveling agents and pigments.
- the polycondensates according to the invention are particularly stable on storage. Even when stored at room temperature for a longer period (observed over a period of 1 year), they do not gel.
- Epoxy resins known from the prior art have only a low storage stability. After a short time, the number of epoxy groups decreases and the viscosity of these resins increases.
- polycondensates according to the invention with epoxy groups show the excellent storage stability described above. With the polycondensates according to the invention, epoxy resins with excellent storage stability are therefore accessible.
- the silica polycondensates according to the invention have no or only a small number of SiOH groups. They are UV-curable and they are transmissive in NIR, in particular the transmissivity at wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm is important for a technical application in optical data processing.
- the silica polycondensates according to the invention can also be photo-structured in layer thicknesses of up to 150 ⁇ m without loss of quality.
- silica polycondensates according to the invention are extremely suitable for use as photoresists, as a negative resist, as a dielectric, as a light-conducting, transparent material or as a photo-structurable, insulating material for microsystem technology.
- photo-structurable materials are required that require high reproducibility of the material properties such as viscosity, solubility, water content etc.
- the silica polycondensates according to the invention are very suitable for this. They show a very good reproducibility of all material properties, such as the refractive index ( ⁇ 0.001), the optical attenuation and the processability in all process steps of UV structuring.
- the silicic acid polycondensates according to the invention have reacted inorganically and show a reduced release of volatile constituents, such as water or alcohol, during the thermal curing process, and are therefore easy to emboss.
- silica polycondensates according to the invention are not only restricted to the aforementioned applications. Wherever organically modified silica polycondensates are used as scratch-resistant coatings for a wide variety of substrates, as adhesives and sealants or in the production of moldings, the silica polycondensates according to the invention can be used because of their excellent material properties.
- the silica polycondensates according to the invention adhere drawn on a wide variety of substrates, such as metals, glass or oxidic surfaces. In the case of metals, the adhesion to aluminum and silicon should be mentioned in particular.
- silica polycondensates according to the invention or compositions containing them are therefore particularly suitable for the production of coating, filler or bulk materials, of adhesives and injection molding compounds, of fibers, films, adhesion promoters, of molding compounds and of investment materials.
- Special areas of application are e.g. the coating of substrates made of metal, plastic, paper, ceramics etc. by dipping, pouring, painting, spraying, electrostatic spraying, electrocoating etc., the use for optical, opto-electrical or electronic components, the production of fillers, abrasion-resistant Corrosion protection coatings, the production of moldings, for example by injection molding, molding or extrusion, and the production of composites, e.g. with fibers, fillers or fabrics.
- solvents can be added to the polycondensate for dilution.
- the final curing of the polycondensates according to the invention takes place, optionally after addition of suitable initiators, thermally or photochemically, it also being possible for these curing mechanisms to run in parallel and / or in succession.
- the polycondensates according to the invention are cured photochemically, photoinitiators are added to them and, in the case of thermal curing, thermal initiators.
- the initiator can be added in customary amounts. For example, a mixture containing 30 to 50% by weight of solid (polycondensate), initiators in an amount of e.g. 0.5 to 5% by weight, in particular 1 to 3% by weight, based on the mixture, are added.
- photoinitiators e.g. which are used commercially available. Examples include Irgacure 184 (1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone), irgacure 500 (1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone / benzophenone), and other Irgacure-type photoinitiators available from Ciba-Geigy; Darocure 1 173, 1 1 16, 1398, 1 174 and 1020 (available from Merck), benzophenone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, benzoin, 4,4'-dimethoxybenzoin etc. Cures with visible light, for example as initiator Camphorquinone can be used.
- thermal initiators in the form of diacyl peroxides, peroxydicarbonates, alkyl peresters, dialkyl peroxides, perketals, ketone peroxides and alkyl hydroperoxides are particularly suitable as thermal initiators.
- thermal initiators are dibenzoyl peroxide, t-butyl perbenzoate and
- the polycondensate according to the invention is diluted with a solvent, this is preferably allowed to dry before curing. Thereafter, depending on the type of initiator, it can be thermally or photochemically per se known to be hardened. Of course, combinations of the curing methods are also possible.
- the polycondensate according to the invention is cured by irradiation, it may prove advantageous to carry out thermal curing after the radiation curing, in particular in order to remove any solvent still present or to include other reactive groups in the curing.
- silica polycondensates according to the invention are explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments.
- Component (1) is presented. Then (3) and (2) and finally (4) are added. The mixture is heated to 80 ° C. and stirred vigorously under reflux cooling. A clear solution is formed after 4 minutes and the reaction is complete after 15 minutes. The resulting solution is reduced at 80 ° C under The pressure was reduced, initially 40 minutes at 670 mbar. The pressure is then slowly reduced to 400 mbar within 20 minutes and then gradually to 6 mbar and left at this value for one hour. The temperature is then raised to 90 ° C. for one hour at 6 mbar to completely remove the methanol formed in the reaction.
- the condensation is catalyzed by component (3).
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50003292T DE50003292D1 (de) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-05-31 | Organisch modifizierte kieselsaeurepolykondensate, deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
AT00947787T ATE247144T1 (de) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-05-31 | Organisch modifizierte kieselsaeurepolykondensate,deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
US10/030,910 US6984483B1 (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-05-31 | Organically modified silicic acid polycondensates, production and use thereof |
CA002378756A CA2378756C (en) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-05-31 | Organically modified, stable in storage, uv curable, nir permeable silicic acid polycondensates which are photostructurable in layers of a thickness of 1 to 150 .mu.m, production and use thereof |
EP00947787A EP1196478B1 (de) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-05-31 | Organisch modifizierte kieselsaeurepolykondensate, deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19932629.0 | 1999-07-13 | ||
DE19932629A DE19932629A1 (de) | 1999-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Organisch modifizierte, lagerstabile, UV-härtbare, NIR-durchlässige und in Schichtdicken von 1 bis 150 mum fotostrukturierbare Kieselsäurepolykondensate, deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001004186A1 true WO2001004186A1 (de) | 2001-01-18 |
Family
ID=7914567
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/DE2000/001833 WO2001004186A1 (de) | 1999-07-13 | 2000-05-31 | Organisch modifizierte kieselsäurepolykondensate, deren herstellung und deren verwendung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6984483B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1196478B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE247144T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2378756C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19932629A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001004186A1 (de) |
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US6727337B2 (en) | 2002-05-16 | 2004-04-27 | The Australian National University | Low loss optical material |
WO2003097719A1 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2003-11-27 | The Australian National University | Improvement of low loss optical material |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2378756C (en) | 2009-11-17 |
CA2378756A1 (en) | 2001-01-18 |
EP1196478A1 (de) | 2002-04-17 |
ATE247144T1 (de) | 2003-08-15 |
EP1196478B1 (de) | 2003-08-13 |
DE19932629A1 (de) | 2001-01-18 |
DE50003292D1 (de) | 2003-09-18 |
US6984483B1 (en) | 2006-01-10 |
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