Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
  • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
  • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
  • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
  • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
  • E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
  • E04B5/046—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement with beams placed with distance from another
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
  • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
  • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a ribbed slab for building structures, which using polystyrene or other material as lightening vault, these are embedded in the concrete ribs of the plate, thus being able to configure the prefabricated plate forming a single body.
• the main difference with that is the continuous manufacturing method which allows it to be manufactured with less labor, more quickly, on a track of 100 to 200 m in length and cut with a diamond blade to the desired length.
• connection of the nerve with the support beams or straps is also resolved by placing on site a connector steel placed in the socket that incorporates the nerve of the plate.
• This socket is continuous along the entire nerve.
• a higher quality of the finished product is also achieved, in terms of burrs at the ends and concrete grouts on the plate, etc.
• the invention object of the present report refers to a type of prefabricated prestressed plate that combining the advantages of prefabrication, with the consequent reduction of times in the execution of work by not having to mount the slab on site and by the absence of boarding bottom or sopanda, also provides a solution in the support on prefabricated beams that allows to leave the bottom of the structure completely flat and ready to receive the economical direct plaster.
• the plate can be used with formwork of classic unidirectional flat beams (used to support the beams and joists of the slab), it can also be used for support in brick load-bearing walls and its greatest advantage is presented with the combination of the TUL type beams consisting of a ferral cage with concrete sole. These beams allow the support of the slab on said sole, thus avoiding the formwork in work of great financial cost for the investments that entails.
• the plate consists of a prefabricated one of width between 0.6 and 2.4 m approximately, being its typical width 1.2 m due to the widths of transport and the weight that are capable of lifting the tower cranes used in the works currently .
• the length of the plate is variable according to the light between beams of the structure.
• the edge may vary depending on the light between beams and according to the work loads, but as more typical we will have 19 cm of nerve, plus 3 cm of lower polystyrene covering the nerve, than if we add another 4 cm more concrete in the work, we obtain the 26 cm of the traditional slabs calculated for lights between 3 and 6 meters and typical housing loads of 660 kg / m2 of total load.
• Each prefabricated plate incorporates two solid or honeycomb concrete ribs of the same edge as the plate, which stiffens it and prevents the "sopandado” or shoring in work, therefore “self-supporting", as in the case of alveolar plates.
• These nerves will have different forms, the most characteristic being those that have a double “T” shape for each nerve, although it may also be simple "T".
• the wings of the double “T” may have different shapes, either rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, rounded, etc.
• the steel to be placed in the prefabricated will be of prestressed type, with the consequent saving of steel for the work, since the greater elastic limit of these allows to reduce its section considerably with respect to the reinforced concrete.
• the new plates are the possibility of reinforcing the areas of the supports with shear steel if the calculation recommends it, or of increasing the compression heads, both upper and lower, if necessary by calculation as well.
• the increase in width and armed by having loads concentrated later in the building is also not a problem since it is a question of using narrower vaults to increase the nerve.
• the change of edge of the floor is immediate using vaults of greater or lesser thickness and thus be able to adapt to lights or larger or smaller loads.
• the cutting of a plate is very fast, since it is only necessary to cut the concrete nerve and not the two upper and lower slabs of the alveolar plates, as well as the wider nerves of these.
• the weight of the finished slab is less than the joist and vault slab if we use polystyrene vaults, which saves some kilograms of steel in the calculation.
• a joist floor and ceramic vault for singing 26 cm weighs 260 kg / m2, while the new floor weighs around 200 kg / m2.
• the weight of the prefabricated plates is of the order (for one of 25 cm, width l, 2m and 5 m long, typical of houses) of 600 kg, which allows the current cranes of 750 kg in tip to lift these plates comfortably . Also the transport is much smaller than that of the alveolar plates of the same type of use, and equal to that of joist and vault.
• the manufacturing of plates with angle in the support is done immediately by cutting with the diamond disc the desired angle on the prestressing track.
• the plates may have 1, 2, 3 or 4 nerves to suit the designer or the work.
• the nerves may have different shapes, even rectangular and thus to guarantee the embedment of the vaults with this type of rectangular nerve, we will have on the walls of these sawtooth so that the concrete "sticks" with more force.
• these grooves normally in dovetail every 5 or 10 cm drawn on the polystyrene vaults, will serve to lock the plaster of the plaster.
• the ends of the support ribs may have protruding reinforcement to anchor the shear stress in the support, according to regulations.
• This connection assembly will be housed in the socket provided by the nerve of the plate, and by means of the concrete poured on site that will penetrate the socket, the overlap of this reinforcement is guaranteed with the lower longitudinal reinforcement of the plate.
• the assembly of negative moments can be distributed in steel bars of smaller diameter and distributed throughout the upper face of the plates, not being necessary to concentrate on the nerves.
• this new plate does not incorporate more concrete than a traditional slab; it does not need latticework; decreases the armor of substantial negative moments by having a lower compression head; for a typical 26 cm edge, it weighs 60 or 70 kg / m2 less than a traditional reinforced joist slab (when compared with a prestressed joist, the weight saving is greater) and therefore saves kilograms of steel for the entire structure; as it is not necessary to create a standard in labor, it saves labor; Since no special molds are needed, the investment in a manufacturing facility is very cheap, if you have previously installed a prestressed joist or alveolar plates, etc. etc.
• a new possibility would be to use extruded or molded polystyrene vaults (with ribs), to use less polystyrene material and therefore lower the plates.
• the general manufacturing process of the prestressing plate consists of placing on the track the vaults of width 1.2 m normally, with the two ribs already drawn in the polystyrene.
• the molding machine will have lateral rollers and / or upper tractors, which will guide the vaults, align them and compress them somewhat against the molded plate, achieving greater tightness, as well as avoiding any unwanted buoyancy of the vaults.
• These side rollers will also serve to prevent the vault from opening due to the pressure of concreting and vibrating when passing through the filling hoppers of the nerve.
• the rollers may be grooved for greater grip against polystyrene.
• the rollers may also be replaced by endless belts, endless chains or
• a front wire guide comb will prevent the concrete from moving forward to the machine, for this purpose the retaining comb or guillotine will have the shape of the nerve itself (drawn in polystyrene), and will slide through the inside of said vaults.
• a front sliding mold also called ⁇ a "trumpet” or “embrasure” with a more or less rectangular shape and with a clearance with respect to the walls of polystyrene from 20 to 30 mm.
• This front mold should be long (between 40 to 100 cm) to prevent the concrete from coming out between it and the wall of the vault in front of the machine. The friction with the walls and being always advancing on the polystyrene, guarantee the re-management of any concrete ahead.
• the socket may be of zero width (solid nerve), if designed for this purpose, a metal socket of the mold of almost zero thickness, but sufficient for an internal vibration of the nerve.
• Figure 1. Shows a sectional view of the prefabricated slab for building slabs with a preferred manufacturing method. It also shows a section of a portion of finished slab.
• Figure 2. Shows a sectional view of the plate, with the socket open superiorly.
• Figure 3. Shows a sectional view of the plate, with an alveolus but also with upper longitudinal channels.
• Figure 4. Shows a sectional view of the plate, without a double "T" shape but with lateral grooves or saw teeth between concrete ribs and vault.
• Figure 5. Shows a perspective view of the process of placing the vaults on the prestressing track.
• Figure 6. Shows a perspective view of a vault of where you can see the double "T" shape of the nerves, trimmed in the vault itself.
• Figure 7.- Shows a perspective view of some side rollers pressing against a vault.
• Figure 8 shows a perspective view of upper rollers that press the vaults against the track. There is also a side guide skate.
• Figure 9. Shows a perspective view of the nerve filling hopper, with its front retaining gate or guillotine and its rear tuning mold.
• Figure 10. Shows a perspective view of a portion of plaque terminated with the upper scratch of the nerve, the socket and a connector housed therein.
• Figure 11. Shows a perspective view of a vault guide train with side rollers, retention guillotine, filling hopper, refining mold and subsequent scratching. The section of the finished plate can also be seen.
• Figure 12. Shows a perspective view and a front view of a filling hopper with front retaining guillotine. And another filling hopper with front retainer pre-mold that friction blocks the concrete forward.
• Figure 13 Shows a sectional view of a "Tulle” type beam or concrete sole and two plates resting on said sole.
• Figure 14.- Shows a sectional view of a plate with one of the ribs performing the functions of an edge of a slab.
• Figure 15.- Shows a perspective view of lifting or lifting clamps of the plate.
• an embodiment of the invention relating to a plate (1) composed of two ribs of concrete (2) and a polystyrene or other material vault (3) is described below. Inside the said ribs, the armor (4) necessary to resist the positive moments of the floor is housed.
• the plates will be placed together parallel to each other, resting on the beams of the structure, and the slab will be completed by placing the reinforcement (6) to resist negative moments and also adding a mesh of steel (7) and a concrete compression layer (8) of small thickness.
• the ribs (2) of the plates may have a double "T" shape, with lower wings (9) necessary to support the vaults (3) and to act as compressed caoeza when the slab works at negative moments.
• the wings (10) will allow the holding of the vaults (3), also form a compression head to resist the positive moments of the plate when placed in the It works in a way that is self-supporting, and guarantees the transmission of stress between the nerve (2) and the compression layer (8) of gold through the rough surface (11) of contact between both concretes.
• This rough surface (11) is manufactured by scratching the surface or any other existing method, such as hollow-engravings.
• the scratch (11) may be replaced by the deep open socket (12), or by longitudinal channels (13), or by means of a socket (14) that is open at a shallow depth. Another possibility is to make grooves (15) on the sides of the vaults (3) inside the ribs, to guarantee again the greatest bond between concrete and vault.
• the wings (10) of the double "T” may have different shapes, from triangular, trapezoidal, rectangular or rounded.
• the vaults (16) of length between 1 m to 6 m will be placed on the prestressing track. Said vaults will have the shape (17) of the concrete rib drawn and trimmed.
• rollers will be arranged (18) side tractors or not, which press on the vault forcing it to line up and compress against the already concreted vaults.
• side tractors we will also refer to the fact that it can be an endless belt, a chain, or a "clapper” or "palmer”. This same effect can be achieved with upper rollers (19) and side skates (20).
• Figure 12 shows separately the retention guillotine (24) that can be replaced by a front trumpet, front pre-mold, or friction plug (31), consisting of a wide skate (32) that rests on the vault, and a rib (33) of rectangular section, and separated from the walls of polystyrene between 20 and 30 mm.
• a front trumpet, front pre-mold, or friction plug consisting of a wide skate (32) that rests on the vault, and a rib (33) of rectangular section, and separated from the walls of polystyrene between 20 and 30 mm.
• the front view of the previous set helps us to differentiate the two types of front retainers, guillotine (24) and friction plug (31).
• the side seal by the skate (23) on the vault is also highlighted.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
• Floor Finish (AREA)
• Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
• Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
• Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
• Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
• Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8308418

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (14)

Citations (5)

• 1999
  • 1999-05-17 ES ES009901042A patent/ES2161139B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2000
  • 2000-05-11 DE DE60014069T patent/DE60014069D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-05-11 PT PT00927250T patent/PT1180563E/pt unknown
  • 2000-05-11 AT AT00927250T patent/ATE277241T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-05-11 WO PCT/ES2000/000176 patent/WO2000070162A1/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-05-11 AU AU45688/00A patent/AU4568800A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-05-11 EP EP00927250A patent/EP1180563B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events