WO2000060670A2 - Integrierte halbleitervorrichtung mit einem lateralen leistungselement - Google Patents
Integrierte halbleitervorrichtung mit einem lateralen leistungselement Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000060670A2 WO2000060670A2 PCT/DE2000/000812 DE0000812W WO0060670A2 WO 2000060670 A2 WO2000060670 A2 WO 2000060670A2 DE 0000812 W DE0000812 W DE 0000812W WO 0060670 A2 WO0060670 A2 WO 0060670A2
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- semiconductor device
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- mosfet
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7801—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/7816—Lateral DMOS transistors, i.e. LDMOS transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/7602—Making of isolation regions between components between components manufactured in an active substrate comprising SiC compounds
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/7605—Making of isolation regions between components between components manufactured in an active substrate comprising AIII BV compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/0684—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by the shape, relative sizes or dispositions of the semiconductor regions or junctions between the regions
- H01L29/0692—Surface layout
- H01L29/0696—Surface layout of cellular field-effect devices, e.g. multicellular DMOS transistors or IGBTs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66053—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide
- H01L29/66068—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/06—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions
- H01L29/10—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions with semiconductor regions connected to an electrode not carrying current to be rectified, amplified or switched and such electrode being part of a semiconductor device which comprises three or more electrodes
- H01L29/107—Substrate region of field-effect devices
- H01L29/1075—Substrate region of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors
- H01L29/1079—Substrate region of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate
- H01L29/1083—Substrate region of field-effect devices of field-effect transistors with insulated gate with an inactive supplementary region, e.g. for preventing punch-through, improving capacity effect or leakage current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
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- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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- H01L29/20—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
Definitions
- Integrated semiconductor device with a lateral power element Integrated semiconductor device with a lateral power element
- the invention relates to a semiconductor device with at least one lateral power element.
- a semiconductor device with a power element is currently used in various embodiments, inter alia in the field of converter technology.
- a converter With the help of a converter, electrical energy is converted according to the needs of a consumer to be supplied. For this reason, a converter is also referred to as a converter.
- Other names used for special forms are inverters or rectifiers.
- the semiconductor device used in each case then comprises a switchable thyristor (GTO thyristor), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or a MOS-controlled thyristor (MCT) as the switching power element ).
- GTO thyristor switchable thyristor
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
- MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- MCT MOS-controlled thyristor
- a converter requires, among other things, a high reverse voltage, a high forward current, a high switching frequency, a low power loss (waste heat), a high level of reliability and a low outlay for the assembly and connection technology.
- the most compact form of a converter can be achieved with an integrated structure in which all power elements and all other components such as Free-wheeling diodes, control, monitoring and protection devices are arranged on a single substrate.
- Such a converter integrated in silicon (Si) is described in "MOS components in power electronics", F. Schörlin, 1997, pages ten to 187. Such a converter ter is also referred to as ⁇ smart power "known.
- silicon power converters various digital and analog Kleinsi- gnalfunktionen as a protection against over-temperature, overload, overvoltage, short circuit, reverse polarity and a
- the semiconductor device contains several MOSFETs as power elements. Due to the otherwise very high switch-on resistance, the large area requirement and the high static losses, the integrated silicon MOSFETs are usually only for a maximum permissible reverse voltage in the range between 5 V and 50 V designed.
- the larger storage charge compared to the conditions in a MOSFET is due here to the bipolar mechanism that occurs in an IGBT.
- the integrated freewheeling diode also causes due to the material properties of of silicon a relatively high storage of charge carriers at the pn junction of the freewheeling diode.
- DE 196 38 620 AI discloses a non-integrated converter in hybrid construction technology.
- a high-blocking and fast-switching Schottky diode made of silicon carbide (SiC) is used as the freewheeling diode.
- SiC silicon carbide
- the disclosed MOSFET is characterized by a particularly high reverse voltage resistance.
- a reverse voltage of approximately 2.6 kV is specified for room temperature. In the on state, however, the MOSFET has a high resistance, which increases the power loss.
- the disclosed lateral MOSFET is not suitable for integration.
- No. 5,710,455 discloses a further lateral SiC MOSFET for voltages between 600 V and 1200 V.
- the lateral, ie lateral, isolation of the lateral SiC-MOSFET takes place via a pn junction. If the temperature of the disclosed lateral SiC-MOSFET now increases, for example as a result of a high forward current, an undesirably high leakage current can occur at the pn junction used for the lateral insulation. Furthermore, the storage charge zone of the pn junction in be reloaded every switching cycle. This results in a limitation of the switching speed that can be achieved.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying an integrable semiconductor device which is also suitable for a reverse voltage of more than 600 V and a switching frequency of more than 20 kHz.
- the semiconductor device should have a small footprint in order to facilitate integration.
- a semiconductor device with at least one lateral power element is specified according to the features of claim 1.
- At least one lateral power element is arranged within a semiconductor layer made of a semiconductor material with a bandgap of at least 2 eV and at least partially limited laterally by a trench in the semiconductor layer.
- the semiconductor layer is arranged on a substrate with a greater thermal conductivity than that of silicon and is electrically insulated from a substrate surface facing away from the semiconductor layer.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that a semiconductor device can still be implemented in integrated technology even if a demand for a high reverse voltage (> 600 V) and a high switching frequency (> 20 kHz).
- a semiconductor material with a high band gap in particular with a band gap that is at least 2 eV.
- This semiconductor material then inherently has a significantly higher dielectric strength than the silicon previously used for an integrated structure. Due to the higher band gap and the associated higher breakthrough field strength, the geometric dimension can also be smaller than that of a comparable one Silicon semiconductor device can be selected. This in turn helps integration.
- an integrable semiconductor device based on silicon which as a power element e.g. contains a MOSFET, is also limited to a maximum permissible reverse voltage of about 50 V because only a relatively small amount of heat can be dissipated in silicon.
- This limited thermal conductivity now also limits the maximum permissible voltage, since the transmission losses and thus the amount of heat to be dissipated increase with increasing voltage.
- the substrate of the semiconductor device according to the invention advantageously comprises a material with a higher thermal conductivity than that of silicon. The heat can then be safely dissipated via the substrate.
- the semiconductor device contains a power element with a lateral structure.
- the forward current flows essentially parallel to a direction running within the substrate surface, that is to say in the lateral or lateral direction.
- the current flows essentially perpendicular to the substrate surface, that is to say in the vertical direction.
- Electrical connections via which the current is introduced into a vertical semiconductor device and out of it again, are then located on sides of the semiconductor device facing away from one another. In contrast, in the case of a lateral structure, these connections are on the same side of the semiconductor device. This is favorable for integration, since there is no through-plating through the substrate.
- this substrate surface can be mechanically connected to another body, for example a housing wall or a heat sink, without additional safety precautions.
- the electrical insulation ensures that there is no impermissibly high voltage on the adjacent body.
- the trench in the active semiconductor layer is provided for the lateral (lateral) electrical insulation of the lateral power element.
- the trench delimits the power element laterally.
- this also provides additional electrical insulation with a lateral direction of action. Thanks to this all-round insulation of the power element, it is then also possible to allow different potentials in different areas on the substrate. Mutual influence or even a rollover between such areas with different potential is reliably prevented by the insulation described in the lateral and vertical directions. This is another important property with regard to the ability to integrate.
- a trench has a significantly lower capacitance compared to the lateral insulation used in the prior art via a pn junction, so that a higher switching frequency is possible.
- single-crystalline silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride (GaN) or diamond is provided as the semiconducting material for the semiconductor layer within which the lateral power element is arranged.
- the semiconductor layer contains such a material or it consists of such a material. All of the semiconductors mentioned have a very high band gap and are therefore very well suited for a semiconductor device, since high reverse voltage strength is one of the main requirements for the semiconductor device.
- An embodiment is particularly advantageous in which single-crystal SiC of 6H or for the active semiconductor layer
- 15R polytype is provided, the semiconductor layer again only containing such a polytype or also consisting entirely of such a polytype.
- Both of the above-mentioned poly types have both high lateral mobility and high inversion channel mobility.
- a power element designed as a lateral MOSFET e.g. due to the first-mentioned mobility the forward resistance in a lateral drift area and due to the second-mentioned mobility the resistance in a channel area.
- These mobilities are significantly higher with 6H and 15R SiC than with other polytypes of SiC, in particular also with the 4H polytype.
- a high switching speed of the semiconductor device can also be achieved with a high charge carrier mobility.
- all other SiC poly types, such as also 3C-SiC, suitable. 4H-SiC with a correspondingly improved interface conductivity or improved inversion channel mobility is also a material which is in principle suitable for the semiconductor layer.
- the substrate contains silicon carbide or aluminum nitride (A1N).
- A1N silicon carbide or aluminum nitride
- the substrate consists only of SiC or AlN.
- SiC has a thermal conductivity of 2.3 to 4.9 Wcm -1 K _1 .
- the thermal conductivity of silicon is only 1.5 This results in a significantly improved heat transport through the substrate if SiC instead of Si is used as the substrate material.
- the combination of an SiC semiconductor layer and an SiC substrate is particularly advantageous with regard to the application of the active semiconductor layer, for example via an epitaxy process.
- GaN semiconductor layer is AlN more suitable as substrate material, since the respective lattice constants of GaN and AlN differ only slightly.
- An embodiment is advantageous in which a substrate made of semi-insulating silicon carbide is provided.
- the substrate can consist entirely of semi-insulating SiC or can only contain semi-insulating SiC, for example in a full-area layer.
- a material is generally said to be semi-insulating when its resistivity is between about 10 5 ⁇ cm and about 10 10 ⁇ cm. From a specific resistance of around 10 13 ⁇ cm, one would then call it isolating. In the present case, semi-insulating behavior is completely sufficient for the degree of electrical separation required here between the semiconductor layer and the substrate surface facing away from the semiconductor layer.
- semi-insulating SiC also offers the required electrical insulation in the vertical direction.
- this electrical insulation is ensured by a pn junction arranged between the active semiconductor layer and the substrate.
- a weakly p- or n-conducting semiconductor material can then be used for the substrate.
- An additional semiconducting intermediate layer with a higher doping than that of the substrate is then advantageously arranged on the substrate surface facing the semiconductor layer. The electrically insulating pn junction is formed between this intermediate layer and the active semiconductor layer arranged thereon.
- a semiconductor device realized in SiC offers the advantage of a very high thermal conductivity both in the vertical direction via the SiC substrate and in the lateral direction via the SiC semiconductor layer.
- the Si0 2 layers or areas often used in a semiconductor device realized in silicon for vertical and lateral insulation have a significantly poorer thermal conductivity. Therefore, a SiC semiconductor device can also carry a significantly higher current than its silicon counterpart. The heat loss caused by the current is easier to dissipate via the SiC.
- the trench is at least so deep that it completely cuts through the active semiconductor layer.
- the lateral electrical insulation is then particularly effective.
- the thickness of the active semiconductor layer is usually between approximately 2 and 10 ⁇ m. The chosen thickness essentially depends on the required forward current.
- the lateral electrical insulation is further improved if a dielectric insulation layer, for example made of an oxide or a polyimide, is provided at the edges of the trench.
- the trench preferably runs as a closed ring around the lateral field effect transistor.
- the trench effects electrical insulation of a power element from an adjacent power element.
- the trench is interrupted between two adjacent power elements, for example between two adjacent lateral field effect transistors.
- two adjacent power elements for example between two adjacent lateral field effect transistors.
- the power element is designed as a transistor, in particular as a field effect transistor (FET) or as an IGBT, as a diode, in particular a pn or Schottky diode, or as a thyristor.
- FET field effect transistor
- IGBT IGBT
- diode in particular a pn or Schottky diode
- thyristor a transistor that is designed as a transistor, in particular as a field effect transistor (FET) or as an IGBT, as a diode, in particular a pn or Schottky diode, or as a thyristor.
- MOSFETs is particularly advantageous.
- the semiconductor device in the associated embodiment then represents a semiconductor switch.
- MOSFET MOSFET
- the use of a MOSFET is particularly advantageous.
- the high band gap of the semiconductor material used enables the use of a field effect transistor as a power element even with the required high reverse voltages.
- the IGBT used with a blocking voltage of a few 100 V in silicon technology is then not necessary. However, this also eliminates the limitation of the switching speed caused by the bipolar mechanism used in the IGBT.
- An embodiment in which the MOSFET has an inverse diode as an integral part is particularly favorable.
- This inverse diode can then advantageously be used as a freewheeling diode. This reduces the space requirement, since no space is occupied on the substrate by a separate freewheeling diode. By eliminating the speed-limiting wiring of a separate freewheeling diode, a higher switching frequency is also made possible.
- a MOSFET also has a very low resistivity and, unlike another power switching element such as an IGBT, a GTO or a thyristor in the on state no loss-causing threshold voltage.
- an interconnection of four or six lateral field effect transistors to form a two-phase or three-phase converter is provided.
- a self-locking power switching element in particular a self-locking MOSFET, is particularly well suited for use in such a converter.
- the converter is integrated on a single substrate. It also has a comparatively small number of individual components, since the lateral field-effect transistors, via their inverse diodes, also fulfill the function of the freewheeling diodes required for a converter.
- the converter can be designed for a reverse voltage of 600 V, 1000 V, 1200 V or 1800 V.
- the switching frequency is up to 100 kHz, for example.
- the switching frequency can be chosen so high that the acoustic noises generated during the switching process lie in a frequency range which is no longer perceived by the human ear.
- the high switching frequency enables the integrated converter to be used very flexibly.
- Another embodiment is advantageous in which, in addition to the power element, there is at least one further component that implements a small signal function on the substrate.
- a control function or a monitoring function for the power element or for a converter can also be integrated on the substrate by means of this further component.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor device with a lateral MOSFET
- FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor device with a lateral MOSFET
- FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the exemplary embodiments of the semiconductor device from FIGS. 1 and 2
- FIG. 4 shows a two-phase converter with four integrated MOSFETs
- FIG. 5 shows a three-phase converter with six integrated ones
- FIG. 6 shows a top view of the three-phase converter from FIG. 5.
- the semiconductor device 100 contains a semi-insulating SiC substrate 10 with a first and a second substrate surface 11 or 12.
- An epitaxially grown, weakly n-conducting semiconductor layer 20 made of single-crystal SiC is arranged on the second substrate surface 12.
- the active semiconductor layer 20 has a basic doping of approximately 1.3-10 16 cm -3 and is typically 5 ⁇ m thick.
- the semi-insulating behavior of the substrate 10 ensures that the semiconductor layer 20 is completely sufficiently insulated from the first substrate surface 11 for the present application.
- the lateral MOSFET 50 is arranged within the semiconductor layer 20. It borders on a main surface 21 of the semiconductor layer 20 on. The structure and the mode of operation of the lateral MOSFET 50 are described in more detail below.
- Two strongly n-conducting drain contact regions 521 are spaced apart from a p-conducting base region 513 by a drift region 544 lying within the semiconductor layer 20. Within the base region 513 there are two strongly n-conducting source contact regions 511, between which a heavily p-doped base contact region 512 is arranged.
- the n-type regions are produced by ion implantation of nitrogen, the p-type regions by ion implantation of boron or aluminum.
- a metallic drain electrode 52 makes ohmic contact with the drain contact regions 521.
- the source contact regions 511 and the base contact region 512 are contacted ohmically by a common, likewise metallic source electrode 51.
- the source contact regions 511 and the base contact region 512 are thus electrically short-circuited.
- channel areas 514 within the base area 513, the doping concentration of which is approximately 1.3-10 17 cm -3 .
- An electrical current fed into the lateral MOSFET 50 via the drain electrodes 52 and led out again via the source electrode 51 can be controlled by a targeted influencing of resistance within the channel regions 514.
- gate electrodes 53 are arranged in an electrically insulated manner above the channel regions 514 to be controlled.
- a gate insulation layer 531 which is applied between the channel regions 514 and the gate electrodes 53 on the main surface 21 ensures the required electrical insulation.
- a material that is particularly suitable for this gate insulation layer 531 is thermally cal silica (Si0 2 ).
- the gate electrodes 53 are made of polysilicon, for example.
- the drain electrodes 52, the source electrode 51 and the gate electrodes 53 are electrically insulated from one another by a first dielectric insulation layer 54 applied to the main surface 21.
- This insulation layer 54 consists of an oxide layer which is thick compared to the gate insulation layer 531. This contains, for example, SiO 2 , which can be produced by thermal oxidation of polysilicon or simply by a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) - or a plasma deposition process.
- Another dielectric material, such as polyimide is, however, equally well suited for the insulation layer 54.
- the lateral MOSFET 50 shown in FIG. 1 is designed for reverse voltage of up to 1200 V and has a width of only about 40 ⁇ m. In contrast, a comparable Si-MOSFET would have a width of 220 ⁇ m. In SiC, the semiconductor device 100 can thus be implemented with a significantly smaller space requirement.
- the drift region 544 is approximately 10 ⁇ m long and the channel region 514 is approximately 1.5 ⁇ m long.
- 6H-SiC is provided for the active semiconductor layer 20, a (0001) plane of the 6H-SiC single crystal essentially coinciding with the main surface 21. Any misorientation of the substrate 10, for example 3 °, intended for the epitaxial growth of the semiconductor layer 20 does not play a role in this context.
- the crystal orientation is particularly advantageous in combination with the lateral structure shown in FIG. 1.
- the channel mobility of 6H-SiC is significantly higher than that of the 4H polytype, and on the other hand, the lateral mobility of the 6H-polytype exceeds the vertical by a factor of 4.8.
- current flows through the MOSFET 50 in the lateral direction this results in a low forward resistance in the drift region 544. All in all, this results in a total resistance of approximately 4.2 ⁇ mm 2 determined by the channel region 514 and the drift region 544 in the on state.
- the channel regions 514 can be switched back and forth between a blocking and a conductive state via a corresponding potential at the gate electrodes 53. Since the lateral MOSFET 50 is a normally-off switching element, the switchover to the blocking state takes place at a zero potential present at the gate electrode 53. In the blocking state, the lateral MOSFET 50 is able to block a voltage of up to 1200 V between the drain electrodes 52 and the source electrode 51.
- the path across the base contact region 512, the base region 513, the semiconductor layer 20 and the drain contact region 521 comprises a pn junction which is polarized in the reverse direction of the MOSFET 50.
- the diode associated with this pn junction is also referred to as an inverse diode. It is an integral part of the lateral MOSFET 50 and can be switched on via a voltage present between the drain electrode 52 and the source electrode 51 in the reverse direction.
- the threshold voltage of this inverse diode is about 3 V, a typical value for SiC.
- the inverse diode can be incorporated particularly advantageously into the functioning of the semiconductor device 100. If, for example, the actual lateral MOSFET 50 is switched into the blocking state by a corresponding potential at the gate electrode 53 and, at the same time, the external circuitry (not shown in FIG. 1) requires a current in the reverse direction via the semiconductor device 100, this current can be supplied via the inverse diode be performed. In this case, the current commutates from the actual lateral MOSFET 50 to the inverse diode.
- the inverse diode acts in this case as a freewheeling diode.
- the inverse diode can also carry approximately the same current strength as the actual lateral MOSFET 50.
- the integrated freewheeling diode achieves a reduction in the required substrate area by up to 75%. This corresponds to a reduction in expansion in any lateral direction by a factor of up to 2.
- the integral inverse diode also fulfills the requirements for e.g. freewheeling diode operated in a converter circuit. So in reverse operation, i.e. at in
- the semiconductor device 100 can be operated with a very high switching frequency up to the order of magnitude of at least 100 kHz.
- the lateral MOSFET 50 also comprises a parasitic bipolar transistor which is formed by the source contact region 511, the base region 513 and the semiconductor layer 20. To turn on this parasitic bipolar trans- To prevent interference, the area below the source contact region 511 may contain a higher p-doping than the rest of the base contact region 513. This higher p-doping is not shown in FIG. In connection with this measure, it is also said that the latch-up strength is improved.
- a trench 30 is provided on the lateral edges of the lateral MOSFET 50 for electrical insulation. This trench 30 is so deep that it extends beyond the semiconductor layer 20 into the semi-insulating SiC substrate 10.
- the trench 30 is covered at its edges with a second dielectric insulation layer 31.
- the second dielectric insulation layer 31 can consist of SiO 2 .
- any other dielectric material, such as polyimide, is also possible here.
- the lateral MOSFET 50 shown in FIG. 1 thus fulfills all the requirements for integrating a plurality of such lateral MOSFETs 50 on a single substrate 10.
- the electrical insulation from the first substrate surface 11 is ensured by the semi-insulating SiC substrate 10 itself. Electrical insulation from neighboring components, e.g. a further lateral MOSFET 50 results from the trench 30. Because of the high thermal conductivity of SiC, the waste heat caused by losses is reliably dissipated via the substrate 10. This is still guaranteed if several, e.g. to increase the current carrying capacity, parallel-connected MOSFETs 50 are integrated on a substrate 10.
- Semiconductor device 110 shown with a lateral MOSFET 50 In contrast to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1
- the semiconductor device 110 of FIG. 2 does not contain a semi-insulating substrate 10, but rather a weakly p-doped substrate 13 made of 6H-SiC.
- a heavily p-doped intermediate layer 14 has additionally grown epitaxially on the second substrate surface 12.
- the semiconductor layer 20, which has also grown epitaxially, is arranged on this intermediate layer 14.
- a pn junction 15 results between the semiconductor layer 20 and the intermediate layer 14, which electrically insulates the semiconductor layer 20 from the first substrate surface 11.
- the lateral isolation of the lateral MOSFET 50 takes place analogously to the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1 via the trench 30, which here extends into the weakly p-doped substrate 13.
- the weakly p-doped substrate 13 also has a comparably good thermal conductivity as the semi-insulating SiC substrate 10.
- FIG. 3 shows a top view of the semiconductor devices 100 and 110 of the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the lateral MOSFET 50 can be modified such that the structures shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are repeated several times in the lateral direction. Separated from one another by drift regions 544, regions with drain contact regions 521 and regions, each having a base region 513, the associated base contact regions 512 and the associated source contact regions, then alternate within the semiconductor layer 20. areas 511 include, from each other. The corresponding subregions of the individual areas are then connected in parallel.
- Such a structure is shown in Figure 3. It comprises two interlocking comb-like structures.
- the tines of these comb-like structures correspond to the drain electrodes 52 and the source electrodes 51, respectively.
- the first dielectric insulation layer 54 insulates the tines of the drain electrodes 52 from those of the source electrodes 51
- Tines of the two comb-like structures are each electrically conductively connected to a web, which serves as a drain connection region 525 and as a source connection region 515.
- gate electrodes 53 are covered by the first dielectric insulation layer 54 arranged above them and also by the source electrode, their respective course is only shown in broken lines in FIG. 3.
- the individual gate electrodes 53 likewise open into a common gate connection region 535 which runs exactly below the source connection region 515.
- a recess 536 is therefore provided in the source connection region 515, which makes the underlying gate connection region 535 accessible for electrical contacting.
- the entire semiconductor device 100 or 110 is electrically insulated in the lateral direction by a trench 30 running around the semiconductor device 100 or 110. Further components can be arranged on the same substrate 10 or 13 on the sides of this trench 30 facing away from the semiconductor device 100 or 110. These components are then electrically insulated from the semiconductor device 100 or 110.
- FIG. 4 shows a semiconductor device in the form of an integrated two-phase converter 200 which has a known interconnection of a total of four MOSFETs T1 ... includes T4.
- the MOSFETs Tl ... T4 each have three electrical connections, which are referred to as drain connection Dl ... D4, as source connection SI ... S4 and as gate connection Gl ... G4.
- Drain connection D1 ... D4, source connection SI ... S4 and gate connection Gl ... G4 each correspond to the connection areas mentioned in FIG. 3, drain connection area 525, source connection area 515 and gate connection area 535.
- a free-wheeling diode FD1 ... FD4 is connected antiparallel to each MOSFET Tl ... T4.
- the structure of the combination of the MOSFETs T1 to T4 and the freewheeling diodes FD1 ... FD4 corresponds in each case to that described for the lateral MOSFET 50 in the previous figures.
- the freewheeling diodes FD1 ... FD4 represent the integral inverse diode of the respective lateral MOSFET 50.
- All MOSFETS Tl ... T4 and freewheeling diodes FDl ... FD4 are arranged on a single substrate 10 and 13, respectively.
- the converter 200 thus has a very compact design.
- the integrated converter 200 despite its small size, is designed for a reverse voltage of 1200 V and a switching frequency of at least up to 100 kHz.
- the converter 200 operates symmetrically.
- the converter 200 is also suitable for a very high switching frequency, since the integrated free-wheeling diodes FD1 ... FD4 have a fast switching capacity on the one hand due to their low storage charge and on the other hand due to the relatively high threshold voltage of 3 V by means of correspondingly synchronous controls on the respective gate Connections Gl ... G4 can even be switched off completely in a simple manner.
- a direct voltage U DC present at an input can now be Control at the respective gate connections Gl ... G4 an AC voltage U A c are generated.
- a two-phase electrical consumer (not shown) can then be supplied with electrical energy via the AC voltage U AC present at an output, for example.
- FIG. 5 shows an integrated three-phase converter 300, which converts the electrical direct voltage U D c into a three-phase voltage, which can be made available to a three-phase consumer via phase connections L1, L2 and L3.
- the three-phase converter 300 contains a total of six MOSFETs Tl ... T6 in an interconnection known per se. Each MOSFET Tl ... T6 has a drain connection Dl ... D6, a source connection SI ... S6 and a gate connection Gl ... G6 as well as an anti-parallel, integrated free-wheeling diode FDl ... FD6.
- the converter 300 is in turn integrated on a single SiC substrate 10 or 13.
- FIG. 6 shows a top view of the integrated three-phase converter 300 from FIG. 5.
- connection regions can be seen in FIG. 6, which are assigned to several MOSFETs T1 ... T6. Since an electrical connection between the individual MOSFETs T1 ... T6 is desired in this case, no insulating trench 30 is provided in the area of these contact points.
- the trench 30, on the other hand, runs only in those areas in which electrical insulation is required due to the electrical functioning and the circuit diagram according to FIG.
- the small space requirement of the integrated three-phase converter 300 is clearly expressed in FIG. 6.
- the integrated three-phase converter 300 is also designed for a reverse voltage of 1200 V and a switching frequency of up to 100 kHz.
- both the two-phase converter 200 and the three-phase converter 300 can also be used for a higher one Reverse voltage and a higher switching frequency can be designed.
- At least one further component can also be provided on the common substrate 10 or 13 on a side of the trench 30 facing away from the MOSFETs T1 ... T6. be integrated with a logical function.
- a protective function against overtemperature or overload can be implemented in SiC-CMOS technology.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00926684A EP1177576A2 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-16 | Integrierte halbleitervorrichtung mit einem lateralen leistungselement |
JP2000610070A JP2002541668A (ja) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-16 | 横型パワー素子を有する集積半導体装置 |
US09/968,660 US20020070412A1 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2001-10-01 | Integrated semiconductor device having a lateral power element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE19914803.1 | 1999-03-31 | ||
DE19914803 | 1999-03-31 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US09/968,660 Continuation US20020070412A1 (en) | 1999-03-31 | 2001-10-01 | Integrated semiconductor device having a lateral power element |
Publications (2)
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WO2000060670A2 true WO2000060670A2 (de) | 2000-10-12 |
WO2000060670A3 WO2000060670A3 (de) | 2001-07-26 |
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PCT/DE2000/000812 WO2000060670A2 (de) | 1999-03-31 | 2000-03-16 | Integrierte halbleitervorrichtung mit einem lateralen leistungselement |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20020070412A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1177576A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002541668A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000060670A2 (de) |
Cited By (4)
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EP1358681A2 (de) * | 2001-01-03 | 2003-11-05 | Mississippi State University | Siliciumcarbid- und verwandte transistoren mit grosser bandlücke zur halbisolierenden epitaxie für schnelle hochleistungsanwendungen |
US8772836B2 (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2014-07-08 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device |
DE102010017519B4 (de) | 2009-06-24 | 2022-03-24 | Denso Corporation | Motorvorrichtung mit integrierter elektronischer Schaltung |
DE112010002719B4 (de) | 2009-06-24 | 2022-07-28 | Denso Corporation | Antriebsvorrichtung |
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US7589007B2 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2009-09-15 | Arizona Board Of Regents For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | MESFETs integrated with MOSFETs on common substrate and methods of forming the same |
US6555883B1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-04-29 | Power Integrations, Inc. | Lateral power MOSFET for high switching speeds |
US6900477B1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2005-05-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Processing technique to improve the turn-off gain of a silicon carbide gate turn-off thyristor and an article of manufacture |
US6835619B2 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2004-12-28 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method of forming a memory transistor comprising a Schottky contact |
DE102004041556B4 (de) * | 2004-08-27 | 2007-09-20 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Laterale Schottky-Diode und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
US8017978B2 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2011-09-13 | International Rectifier Corporation | Hybrid semiconductor device |
JP5214154B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-19 | 2013-06-19 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | プリント配線板およびその製造方法 |
JP2009164460A (ja) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-23 | Renesas Technology Corp | 半導体装置 |
JP5017303B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-25 | 2012-09-05 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体装置 |
US20100308340A1 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-09 | General Electric Company | Semiconductor device having a buried channel |
JP4985757B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-25 | 2012-07-25 | 株式会社デンソー | 炭化珪素半導体装置 |
JP5167323B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-03-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
JP5672500B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-18 | 2015-02-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
US20150097328A1 (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-09 | Win Semiconductors Corp. | Wafer holding structure |
KR101964153B1 (ko) * | 2014-08-28 | 2019-04-03 | 한국전기연구원 | 절연 또는 반절연 SiC 기판에 구현된 SiC 반도체 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
DE102015107680B4 (de) * | 2015-05-15 | 2020-07-30 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Integrierte Schaltung mit lateralem Feldeffekttransistor mit isoliertem Gate |
KR102030465B1 (ko) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-10-10 | 현대오트론 주식회사 | 레터럴 타입의 전력 반도체 소자 |
JP7210979B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-28 | 2023-01-24 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 窒化物半導体装置および窒化物半導体装置の製造方法 |
JP7411465B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-18 | 2024-01-11 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1358681A2 (de) * | 2001-01-03 | 2003-11-05 | Mississippi State University | Siliciumcarbid- und verwandte transistoren mit grosser bandlücke zur halbisolierenden epitaxie für schnelle hochleistungsanwendungen |
EP1358681A4 (de) * | 2001-01-03 | 2008-04-30 | Univ Mississippi | Siliciumcarbid- und verwandte transistoren mit grosser bandlücke zur halbisolierenden epitaxie für schnelle hochleistungsanwendungen |
DE102010017519B4 (de) | 2009-06-24 | 2022-03-24 | Denso Corporation | Motorvorrichtung mit integrierter elektronischer Schaltung |
DE112010002719B4 (de) | 2009-06-24 | 2022-07-28 | Denso Corporation | Antriebsvorrichtung |
US8772836B2 (en) | 2010-03-26 | 2014-07-08 | Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20020070412A1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
WO2000060670A3 (de) | 2001-07-26 |
EP1177576A2 (de) | 2002-02-06 |
JP2002541668A (ja) | 2002-12-03 |
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