WO2000044223A1 - Utilisation d'une formulation pour le controle de l'expression d'un gene cible - Google Patents

Utilisation d'une formulation pour le controle de l'expression d'un gene cible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000044223A1
WO2000044223A1 PCT/GB1999/004345 GB9904345W WO0044223A1 WO 2000044223 A1 WO2000044223 A1 WO 2000044223A1 GB 9904345 W GB9904345 W GB 9904345W WO 0044223 A1 WO0044223 A1 WO 0044223A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
formulation
polyoxyethylene
alcohol
oleyl alcohol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1999/004345
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English (en)
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WO2000044223A9 (fr
Inventor
David Kirkham Rodham
Philip Taylor
Original Assignee
Syngenta Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Syngenta Limited filed Critical Syngenta Limited
Priority to CA002361202A priority Critical patent/CA2361202A1/fr
Priority to BR9916992-4A priority patent/BR9916992A/pt
Priority to EP99962392A priority patent/EP1150563A1/fr
Priority to IL14453499A priority patent/IL144534A0/xx
Priority to JP2000595536A priority patent/JP2002534988A/ja
Priority to MXPA01007474A priority patent/MXPA01007474A/es
Priority to AU18756/00A priority patent/AU1875600A/en
Priority to KR1020017009185A priority patent/KR20010104330A/ko
Publication of WO2000044223A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000044223A1/fr
Publication of WO2000044223A9 publication Critical patent/WO2000044223A9/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/10—Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of a formulation as a control mechanism for the expression of a target gene in an organism such as a plant, as well as to certain formulations useful in this way.
  • promoter Gene expression is controlled by regions upstream (5') of the protein encoding region, commonly referred to as the "promoter".
  • a promoter may be constitutive, tissue-specific, developmentally-programmed or inducible.
  • Manipulation of crop plants to improve characteristics requires the expression of foreign or endogenous genes in plant tissues.
  • Such genetic manipulation therefore relies on the availability of means to control gene expression as required; for example, on the availability and use of suitable promoters which are effective in plants. It is advantageous to have the choice of a variety of different promoters so that the most suitable promoter may be selected for a particular gene, construct, cell, tissue, plant or environment. A range of promoters are known to be operative in plants.
  • inducible promoter includes promoters which may be induced chemically.
  • Particularly useful promoters are promoter sequences which are controlled by the application of an external chemical stimulus.
  • the external chemical stimulus may be an agriculturally acceptable chemical, the use of which is compatible with agricultural practice and is not detrimental to plants or mammals. This allows particular gene expression to be controlled at particular stages of plant growth or development, by the presence or absence of a chemical which can be applied to the plants or seeds, for example by spraying or using known seed coating techniques. These are also known as a gene "switch" promoters.
  • the gene which is under the control of the inducible promoter may be the gene which gives rise to the desired characteristic or phenotype itself, or the inducible promoter may control expression of a repressor protein which inhibits expression of a target gene, for example by interacting with an operator sequence upstream of the target gene so as to prevent expression of the gene (for example as known in the bacterial tet and lac operator/repressor systems).
  • the gene under the control of the inducible promoter may express a protein which interacts with another protein to inhibit the activity thereof, as for example in the barnase/barstar system which barnase will inhibit or kill cells in the absence of barstar.
  • Gene switches of this type are known in a wide variety of applications. These include the production of reversible male sterility, a feature which is highly desirable in hybrid plant production as described for instance in WO 90/08830. Other applications of such promoters include in germplasm protection, where containment of particular crop plants, in particular transgenic plants, and the control of volunteers is necessary and also in the prevention of pre-harvesting sprouting as described in WO 94/03619.
  • the promoters of these systems may be useful in gene switches as the promoters may be inducible by the presence of the target alcohol or ketone.
  • ADH1 alcohol dehydrogenase I
  • alcA the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase I
  • ADH1 alcohol dehydrogenase I
  • the induction is relayed through a regulator protein encoded by the alcR gene which is constitutively expressed.
  • inducer alcohol or ketone
  • the regulator protein activates the expression of the alcA gene.
  • the regulator protein also stimulates expression of itself in the presence of inducer. This means that high levels of the ADH1 enzyme are produced under inducing conditions (ie when alcohol or ketone are present).
  • the alcA gene and its product, ADH1 are not expressed in the absence of inducer. Expression of ale A and production of the enzyme is also repressed in the presence of glucose.
  • the alcA gene promoter is an inducible promoter, activated by the alcR regulator protein in the presence of inducer (ie by the protein/alcohol or protein/ketone combination).
  • inducer ie by the protein/alcohol or protein/ketone combination.
  • the alcR and alcA genes (including the respective promoters) have been cloned and sequenced (Lockington RA et al, 1985, Gene, 33:137-149; Felenbok B et al,
  • Alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) genes have been investigated in certain plant species. In maize and other cereals they are switched on by anaerobic conditions. The promoter region o ⁇ adh genes from maize contains a 300 bp regulatory element necessary for expression under anaerobic conditions. However, no equivalent to the alcR regulator protein has been found in any plant. Hence the alcR/alcA type of gene regulator system is not known in plants. Constitutive expression of alcR in plant cells does not result in the activation of endogenous adh activity.
  • WO 93/21334 describes the production of transgenic plants which include such a system as a gene switch.
  • This document specifically describes a chemically inducible plant gene expression cassette comprising a first promoter operatively linked to a regulator sequence which encodes a regulator protein, and an inducible promoter operatively linked to a target gene, the inducible promoter being activated by the regulator protein in the presence of an effective exogenous inducer whereby application of the inducer causes expression of the target gene.
  • the alcR/alcA system is utilised in the constructs.
  • Exogenous chemical inducers which are applied in this case include those described by Creaser et al., J. Biochem.
  • the present invention therefore seeks to overcome the problems associated with the prior art, by formulating the chemical inducer. According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of a formulation comprising the components:
  • a diluent for controlling expression of a target gene in an organism having a chemically-inducible gene expression cassette comprising an inducible promoter operatively linked to the target gene wherein the inducible promoter is induced by the application to the organism of (a) above.
  • the organism is a plant such as a crop plant.
  • the diluent (c) may be, for example, water.
  • a method of controlling expression of a target gene in an organism comprising transforming the organism with a chemically-inducible plant gene expression cassette comprising an inducible promoter operatively linked to the target gene wherein the inducible promoter is induced by the application to the organism of a formulation as described above.
  • the expression system utilises a regulator protein.
  • a method of controlling expression of a target gene in a plant comprising transforming the plant with a chemically-inducible plant gene expression cassette comprising a first promoter operatively linked to a regulator sequence which encodes a regulator protein, and an inducible promoter operatively linked to the target gene, the inducible promoter being activated by the regulator protein in the presence of a formulation as defined above, the method comprising applying to the plant a formulation as defined above, "whereby application of the inducing formulation causes expression of the target gene.
  • component (a) in the above formulations depends upon the character of the inducible promoter present in the expression system.
  • component (a) are a C,-C 6 alcohol or a C 3 -C 9 ketone, and preferably, ethanol or propan-2-ol. These components act as inducers for example, of the ale switch system as described in detail below.
  • Component (b) of the formulation used as described above preferably, a polyethoxylated oleyl, lauryl, stearyl or cetyl alcohol. It is more preferably a polyoxyethylene-oleyl alcohol having a mean molar ethylene oxide content in the range of 0 to 35 and more preferably in the range of 2 to 20.
  • Component (b) is, however, preferably a polyoxyethylene-(20)-oleyl alcohol (the number in brackets indicates the mean ethylene oxide content per molecule).
  • Such products are commercially available as BRIJ 92TM, BRIJ 97TM and BRIJ 98TM.
  • component (b) of the formulation is at a concentration of about 0.5% wt/wt or less. It is preferably at a concentration between about 0.2% wt/wt and 0.5%) wt/wt.
  • the formulation used in the methods of the invention includes as component (b), a hydrogen or methyl end-capped trisiloxane polyethoxylate
  • component (b) is a methyl end-capped trisiloxane polyethoxylate.
  • the methyl end-capped trisiloxane polyethoxylate preferably has a mean molar ethylene oxide content of between 4 and 12 per molecule and is most preferably 8 per molecule.
  • Such products are commercially available as SILWET 77TM (SILWET is a trademark of Witco).
  • the methyl end-capped trisiloxane polyethoxylate is at a concentration of about 0.5% wt/wt or less. It is preferably at a concentration between about 0.2%) and 0.5%> wt/wt.
  • Component (a) of the formulation used in the above-described methods is preferably at a concentration of about 5%> wt/wt or less. It is preferably at a concentration between about 2% and 5% wt/wt.
  • the inducible promoter according to a preferred embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention is the alcA inducible promoter sequence and the regulator sequence encodes the alcR regulator protein.
  • Component (c) of the formulation is preferably at a concentration between about 90%) and 98% wt/wt.
  • an agricultural formulation comprising the components:
  • component (b) is suitably a hydrogen or a methyl end-capped trisiloxane polyethoxylate. and preferaably is a methyl end-capped trisiloxane polyethoxylate.
  • the methyl end-capped trisiloxane polyethoxylate has a mean molar ethylene oxide content of between 4 and 12 per molecule, for example 8 per molecule.
  • component (a) is at a concentration between about 2%> and 5%> wt/wt.
  • an agricultural formulation comprising (a) a C,-C 6 alcohol inducer of an inducible promoter in an amount of less than
  • component (b) of the formulation is suitably a polyethoxylated oleyl, lauryl, stearyl or cetyl alcohol, and preferably a polyoxyethylene-oleyl alcohol.
  • the polyoxyefhylene-oleyl alcohol has a mean molar ethylene oxide content in the range of 2 to 20, such as a polyoxyethylene-(2)-oleyl alcohol, a polyoxyethylene-(10)-oleyl alcohol or a polyoxyethylene-(20)-oleyl alcohol.
  • component (a) which is preferably ethanol or propan-2-ol, is suitably at a concentration between about 2%> to less than 5 % wt/wt.
  • the concentration of component (B) is preferably about 0.5%> wt/wt or less.
  • an agricultural formulation comprising
  • component (a) is at a concentration between about 2% and 5%> wt/wt.
  • component (b) may be a polyethoxylated oleyl, lauryl, stearyl or cetyl alcohol, and is preferably a polyoxyethylene-oleyl alcohol, with a mean molar ethylene oxide content in the range of 2 to 20.
  • Particular examples of component (b) are polyoxyethylene-(2)-oleyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene-(10)-oleyl alcohol and polyoxyethylene- (20)-oleyl alcohol.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a formulation comprising the components: a. ethanol; b. polyoxyethylene-(20)-oleyl alcohol and c. a diluent wherein component a. is at a concentration of 2% wt/wt and component b. is at a concentration of 0.5%o wt/wt.
  • An even more preferred embodiment of the present invention is a formulation comprising the components: a: ethanol; b. methyl end-capped trisiloxane polyethoxylate having a mean molar ethylene oxide content of 8 and c. a diluent wherein component a. is at a concentration of 2%> wt/wt and component b. is in the concentration of 0.5%> wt/wt.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the formulation is taken up by the organism such as the plant more effectively than when known inducers alone are used.
  • the formulation according to the present invention therefore increases the effectiveness of ethanol as an inducer of the alcAJalcR promoter.
  • additives such as antibacterial compounds, dispersants, wetter compounds and anti-evaporants may be added.
  • the invention is particularly applicable in the context of a plant gene expression system comprising (i) a first promoter operatively linked to a regulator sequence which encodes a regulator protein; and (ii) an inducible promoter operatively linked to a target gene, the inducible promoter being activated by the regulator protein in the presence of an effective exogenous inducer, which is the formulation defined above, whereby application of the inducer causes expression of the target gene.
  • Such gene expression systems may be contained within a plant cell as well as plant tissue or a plant comprising plant cells as defined above and plants, or seeds, derived therefrom.
  • volatile chemical inducer means any chemical which is capable of inducing a chemically inducible promoter system and which may evaporate rapidly before it can be effectively taken up by a plant.
  • C,-C 6 alcohol includes methanol, ethanol, «-propanol, wopropanol, n- butanol, wo-butanol, sec- butanol, tert-butanol, ft-pentanol, n-hexanol and cyclohexanol and unsaturated analogues thereof.
  • C 3 -C 9 ketone includes acetone, butanone, pentanone, hexanone, cyclohexanone, heptanone, octanone, nonanone and aromatic ketones such as acetophenone.
  • target gene with reference to the present invention means any gene of interest. It may comprise any gene which is required to be introduced into a plant in order to modify the characteristics thereof.
  • the target gene may be an endogenous plant gene or a foreign gene, and may be a single gene or a series of genes.
  • the target gene sequence may encode at least part of a functional protein or an antisense sequence.
  • An inducible promoter therefore, when linked to an endogenous or foreign gene and introduced into a eukaryote by transformation, provides a means for the external regulation of expression of that gene.
  • expression cassette which is synonymous with terms such as "construct”, “hybrid” and “conjugate” - includes a gene of interest directly or indirectly attached to an inducible promoter.
  • An example of an indirect attachment is the provision of a suitable spacer group such as an intron sequence intermediate the promoter and the target gene.
  • suitable spacer group such as an intron sequence intermediate the promoter and the target gene.
  • fused in relation to the present invention which includes direct or indirect attachment.
  • constructs also include plasmids and phage which are suitable for transforming a cell of interest.
  • the expression cassette of the present invention may also comprise additional components such as a regulator sequence operatively linked to a further promoter, the inducible promoter being activated by the regulator protein in the presence of an exogenous inducer.
  • expression system means that the system defined above can be expressed in an appropriate organism, tissue, cell or medium.
  • the expression system of the present invention may comprise one or more expression cassettes and may also comprise additional components that ensure the increased expression of the target gene by use of the inducible promoter.
  • Any transformation method suitable for the target plant or plant cells may be employed, including infection by Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing recombinant Ti plasmids, electroporation, microinjection of cells and protoplasts, microprojectile bombardment, bacterial bombardment, particularly the "fibre” or “whisker” method, and pollen tube transformation.
  • the transformed cells may then in suitable cases be regenerated into whole plants in which the new nuclear material is stably incorporated into the genome. Both transformed monocot and dicot plants may be obtained in this way.
  • Examples of genetically modified plants which may be produced include dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants such as field crops, cereals, fruits and vegetables such as: canola, sunflower, tobacco, sugarbeet, cotton, soya, maize, wheat, barley, rice, sorghum, tomatoes, mangoes, peaches, apples, pears, strawberries, bananas, melons, potatoes, carrot, lettuce, cabbage, onion.
  • dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants such as field crops, cereals, fruits and vegetables such as: canola, sunflower, tobacco, sugarbeet, cotton, soya, maize, wheat, barley, rice, sorghum, tomatoes, mangoes, peaches, apples, pears, strawberries, bananas, melons, potatoes, carrot, lettuce, cabbage, onion.
  • Figure 1 shows CAT induction by foliar spray using ethanol alone (2% wt/wt) and ethanol (2% wt/wt) in combination with BRIJ 92, 97 and 98TM (0.5% wt/wt) formulations (5 repeats/ treatment) ;
  • Figure 2 shows the relationship of increasing SILWET L-77TM adjuvant concentration (0.2% wt/wt and 0.5%> wt/wt) with 2%> wt/wt ethanol and ethanol (2% wt/wt) alone to CAT activity in a glasshouse leaf spray test;
  • Component Amount a. Ethanol 1.99g b. BRIJ 92TM 0.5 lg c. Water 97.86g
  • Component Amount a. Ethanol 2.00g b. BRIJ 97TM 0.52g c. Water 98.05g
  • Component Amount a. Ethanol 1.99g b. BRIJ 98TM 0.50g c. Water 97.9g
  • EXAMPLE 4 Component Amount a. Ethanol 2.02g b. SILWET L-77TM 0.50g c. Water 99.27g
  • polyoxyethylene-(20)-oleyl alcohol (BRIJ 98TM ) as a surfactant allows greater expression of the CAT reporter gene than the use of ethanol alone.
  • a methyl end-capped trisiloxane ethoxylate with a mean molar ethylene oxide content of 8 per molecule (SILWET L-77TM) in combination with ethanol is, however, able to increase expression of the CAT gene to an even greater extent than polyoxyethylene-(20)- oleyl alcohol (BRIJ 98TM) in combination with ethanol.
  • BRIJ 98TM or SILWET L-77TM each at 0.2%> wt/wt and at 0.5%> wt/wt, significantly increased reporter gene expression and uptake in AlcCAT tobacco plants when applied as a mixture with 14 C- ethanol (at concentrations varying between about 1%> to 5%> wt/wt) to the upper surface of the leaves.
  • Phosphoimage studies were used to detect 14 C-ethanol uptake.
  • AlcA/CaMV 35S:CAT construct oilseed rape plants were hand-sprayed to run-off on the adaxial leaf surface on the 5 ⁇ leaf from the apex with an adjuvant-ethanol mixture (5 %> wt/wt ethanol and 0.5 %> wt/wt adjuvant).
  • the plants were left for 72 h under glasshouse growth conditions with root water irrigation.
  • Target leaves were sampled and assayed for GUS ( ⁇ -Glucuronidase) activity and values normalised against protein concentration. Plants sprayed with ethanol without formulation were used as controls ('Ethanol alone'). Five replicate plants were used per treatment.

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une formulation contenant les composants suivants: (a) un inducteur chimique volatil; (b) un alcool C10-C20 polyéthoxylé ou un polyéthoxylate de trisiloxane et (c) un diluant afin de contrôler l'expression d'un gène cible sur une plante comprenant une cassette d'expression d'un gène végétal inductible chimiquement comprenant un promoteur inductible relié de manière fonctionnelle à ce gène cible, ce promoteur étant induit par l'application à la plante du composant (a). L'invention concerne également certaines nouvelles formulations.
PCT/GB1999/004345 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 Utilisation d'une formulation pour le controle de l'expression d'un gene cible WO2000044223A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002361202A CA2361202A1 (fr) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 Utilisation d'une formulation pour le controle de l'expression d'un gene cible
BR9916992-4A BR9916992A (pt) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 Uso de uma formulação, processo de controle da expressão de um gene alvo em um organismo e em uma planta, e, formulação agrìcola
EP99962392A EP1150563A1 (fr) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 Utilisation d'une formulation pour le controle de l'expression d'un gene cible
IL14453499A IL144534A0 (en) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 Use of a formula for controlling expression of a target gene
JP2000595536A JP2002534988A (ja) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 標的遺伝子の発現を制御するための処方物の使用
MXPA01007474A MXPA01007474A (es) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 Uso de una formulacion para controlar la expresion de un gen objetivo.
AU18756/00A AU1875600A (en) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 Use of a formulation for controlling expression of a target gene
KR1020017009185A KR20010104330A (ko) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 표적 유전자의 발현 조절을 위한 조제물의 사용

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9902236.0A GB9902236D0 (en) 1999-02-01 1999-02-01 Formulation
GB9902236.0 1999-02-01

Publications (2)

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WO2000044223A1 true WO2000044223A1 (fr) 2000-08-03
WO2000044223A9 WO2000044223A9 (fr) 2001-11-15

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PCT/GB1999/004345 WO2000044223A1 (fr) 1999-02-01 1999-12-22 Utilisation d'une formulation pour le controle de l'expression d'un gene cible

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EP (1) EP1150563A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002534988A (fr)
KR (1) KR20010104330A (fr)
CN (1) CN1334700A (fr)
AU (1) AU1875600A (fr)
BR (1) BR9916992A (fr)
CA (1) CA2361202A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB9902236D0 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0202101A2 (fr)
IL (1) IL144534A0 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA01007474A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000044223A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9434953B2 (en) 2011-01-18 2016-09-06 Syngenta Participations Ag Methods and compositions for modified ethanol inducible promoter systems

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WO1993021334A1 (fr) * 1992-04-13 1993-10-28 Zeneca Limited Produits de recombinaison d'adn et plantes les incorporant
JPH06271422A (ja) * 1993-03-22 1994-09-27 Shiseido Co Ltd エアゾール組成物
US5372637A (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-12-13 Dwight, Jr.; Theodore W. Aqueous compositions for delivering active ingredients and methods of making and using same
WO1997006269A1 (fr) * 1995-08-03 1997-02-20 Zeneca Limited Resistance aux herbicides inductible
WO1997006268A2 (fr) * 1995-08-08 1997-02-20 Zeneca Limited Constructions d'adn
JPH09143016A (ja) * 1996-10-21 1997-06-03 Earth Chem Corp Ltd ピレスロイド系殺虫剤

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993021334A1 (fr) * 1992-04-13 1993-10-28 Zeneca Limited Produits de recombinaison d'adn et plantes les incorporant
US5372637A (en) * 1993-03-02 1994-12-13 Dwight, Jr.; Theodore W. Aqueous compositions for delivering active ingredients and methods of making and using same
JPH06271422A (ja) * 1993-03-22 1994-09-27 Shiseido Co Ltd エアゾール組成物
WO1997006269A1 (fr) * 1995-08-03 1997-02-20 Zeneca Limited Resistance aux herbicides inductible
WO1997006268A2 (fr) * 1995-08-08 1997-02-20 Zeneca Limited Constructions d'adn
JPH09143016A (ja) * 1996-10-21 1997-06-03 Earth Chem Corp Ltd ピレスロイド系殺虫剤

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Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 122, no. 4, 23 January 1995, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 38509, OOMURA, TAKAYUKI: "Aerosol compositions containing nonionic surfactants and alcohols" XP002137492 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1997-347342, XP002137493, EARTH CHEM CO LTD: "Pyrethroid insecticide for e.g. acaricides-comprises compound to enhance pyrethroid activity e.g. ethylene oxide adduct of higher alcohol" *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9434953B2 (en) 2011-01-18 2016-09-06 Syngenta Participations Ag Methods and compositions for modified ethanol inducible promoter systems

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Publication number Publication date
IL144534A0 (en) 2002-05-23
AU1875600A (en) 2000-08-18
WO2000044223A9 (fr) 2001-11-15
JP2002534988A (ja) 2002-10-22
HUP0202101A2 (en) 2002-10-28
CA2361202A1 (fr) 2000-08-03
KR20010104330A (ko) 2001-11-24
CN1334700A (zh) 2002-02-06
GB9902236D0 (en) 1999-03-24
MXPA01007474A (es) 2002-06-04
BR9916992A (pt) 2001-11-06
EP1150563A1 (fr) 2001-11-07

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