WO2000029910A1 - Piece d'horlogerie mecanique a commande electronique - Google Patents
Piece d'horlogerie mecanique a commande electronique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000029910A1 WO2000029910A1 PCT/JP1999/006425 JP9906425W WO0029910A1 WO 2000029910 A1 WO2000029910 A1 WO 2000029910A1 JP 9906425 W JP9906425 W JP 9906425W WO 0029910 A1 WO0029910 A1 WO 0029910A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mouth
- electronically controlled
- controlled mechanical
- mechanical timepiece
- inner notch
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C10/00—Arrangements of electric power supplies in time pieces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C13/00—Driving mechanisms for clocks by master-clocks
- G04C13/08—Slave-clocks actuated intermittently
- G04C13/10—Slave-clocks actuated intermittently by electromechanical step advancing mechanisms
- G04C13/11—Slave-clocks actuated intermittently by electromechanical step advancing mechanisms with rotating armature
Definitions
- a generator is operated by using a mechanical energy of a mechanical energy storage device such as a mainspring as a drive source, and a rotation control device is operated by the electric power output from the generator to set a rotation period of the generator.
- a mechanical energy storage device such as a mainspring as a drive source
- a rotation control device is operated by the electric power output from the generator to set a rotation period of the generator.
- a mechanical energy storage device such as a mainspring is used as an energy source, the generator is rotated by receiving the energy transmitted from the energy source, and a control device such as an IC is operated by using the electric power generated by the generator.
- An electronically controlled mechanical timepiece that controls the rotation cycle and controls the driving of the hands is known.
- the driving principle of this electronically controlled mechanical timepiece is to drive the wheel train using a mechanical energy storage device such as a mainspring as the mechanical energy source.
- a mechanical energy storage device such as a mainspring
- a mechanical governing mechanism consisting of a balance and escape wheel, which is unique to a mechanical timepiece, is used. Instead, use a generator linked to the train wheel.
- the generator receives the rotation from the wheel train to generate power, drives an electronic circuit for control by the generated power, and controls the rotation cycle of the generator by a control signal from the electronic circuit. By doing so, braking is applied to the train wheel to regulate the speed. Therefore, this structure does not require a battery as a drive source for an electronic circuit, and can achieve high accuracy comparable to a battery-driven electronic timepiece.
- FIG. 28 is a plan view of the timepiece disclosed in the publication
- FIG. 29 is an exploded perspective view of a generator used in the timepiece.
- the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece includes a barrel car 1 including a mainspring, a barrel gear, a barrel barrel and a barrel lid.
- the mainspring which is a mechanical energy storage device, has the outer end fixed to the barrel gear and the inner end fixed to the barrel.
- the barrel barrel is supported by the main plate and the train wheel bridge, and is fixed by a square hole screw 5 so as to rotate together with the square wheel 4.
- the square wheel 4 is engaged with the hammer 6 so as to rotate clockwise but not counterclockwise.
- the rotational power from barrel box 1 with a built-in mainspring is accelerated via a train consisting of the second wheel 7, the third wheel 8, the fourth wheel 9, the fifth wheel 10 and the sixth wheel 11 Connected to generator 20.
- the generator 2 ⁇ has a structure similar to that of a conventional battery-powered electronic timepiece, and is composed of a mouthpiece 12, a stay 15, and a coil block 16.
- the mouth and mouth 1 and 2 are connected to the sixth wheel 11 and rotate around the axis of the mouth and the mouth 1 2a, the mouth and the magnet 1 2b, and the mouth and the inertia disk 1 2c. It is attached.
- a stay coil 15a is wound around the outer periphery of the stay 15.
- a stay hole (mouth—evening hole, mouth hole) 15 b for opening the mouth magnet 12 b so as to be rotatable at the tip end is opened. It has a pair of outer notches 15c that are recessed toward the hole 15b at intervals of 180 ° around the outside of the hole 15b, and the rear end side is screwed with screws 21. It is fixed to the main plate not shown.
- the coil block 16 is formed by winding a coil 16b around its magnetic core 16a. The both ends of the coil block 16 are superimposed on both ends of the stay 15 and are fastened together with a pair of screws 21 together to form a base plate. It is fixed to and integrated.
- the material of the stay 15 and the magnetic core 16a is PC permalloy, and the stay coil 15a and the coil 16b have an output voltage that is the sum of the generated voltages. Are connected in series.
- the generator 20 supplies the power obtained by the rotation of the rotor 12 to an electronic circuit including a crystal oscillator via a capacitor (not shown).
- the electronic circuit sends a control signal of the mouth-to-mouth rotation to the coil in accordance with the detection of the mouth-to-mouth rotation and the reference frequency.
- This electronically controlled mechanical timepiece has the characteristic that it does not require a motor because the hand is driven by a mainspring, and has a small number of parts and is inexpensive.
- generator 20 only needed to generate the small amount of electrical energy needed to operate the electronics, and the mechanical energy from the mainspring was sufficient with low torque.
- Such a conventional electronically controlled mechanical timepiece is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 7-38029, A timepiece with a rotating weight provided with a power generating mechanism described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7—5 2 229, that is, a power is generated by rotation of the rotating weight, the generated power is stored, and the stored power is used. Since the amount of power generation is smaller than that of a clock that drives a hand by driving a stepping motor, the cogging torque applied to the mouth 12 of the generator 20 was also very small. That is, in the rotating weight timepiece, the cogging torque applied to the mouth Isseki, usually 1. To 0 X 1 0- 6 is of the order of N ⁇ m, in the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece, typically 4. 0 X 1 0-9 is about N ⁇ m, o did not join only be small torque about 2-3 orders of magnitude
- the cogging torque is much smaller than that of the above-mentioned timepiece with a rotating weight, so that it was not conventionally considered to further reduce the cogging torque.
- the electromotive force of the generator operated by the rotating weight is charged in the capacitor, and the hands are moved by the stepping spider driven by the power from the capacitor. Therefore, even if the generator stops temporarily due to a disturbance, the hand operation continues and does not stop unless the capacitor is discharged.
- the operating torque applied to the mouth by the rotating weight was very large, so there was no problem even if the cogging torque was somewhat large. Furthermore, in the generator, conversely, in order to increase the electromotive voltage, the cogging torque is increased. In some cases, it may be better to increase the change in rotational speed during the sunset. Therefore, in a clock with a rotating weight, the cogging torque is increased as much as possible within the range in which the rotating weight and the rotor can start rotating when the arm is moved, so that the speed change over the mouth is large. Is more preferred. For this reason, as described above, the cogging torque was set to be two to three orders of magnitude greater than that of an electronically controlled mechanical watch.
- the rotation of the mouth 12 is directly linked to the movement of the hands.
- the generator 20 of the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece has the Since the speed of the hands is also controlled, a new problem arises in that if the change in the rotation speed of the rotor 12 increases, the hand movement unevenness increases.
- the torque from a mechanical energy storage device such as a mainspring is much smaller than that of a rotating weight or the like, so that the rotational torque applied to the mouth 12 and the mouth 12
- the difference from the cogging torque (pulling torque) was small.
- the speed increase ratio from the barrel to the louver is designed to be large in order to extend the time duration of the watch, if the magnetic flux is stable, the stationary mouth-to-mouth 12 must be started each time.
- the mainspring was wound up to the maximum, and a large torque exceeding the cogging torque had to be applied to the mouth-evening 12, and in some cases there was a problem with startability.
- An electronically controlled mechanical timepiece includes: a mechanical energy source provided with a mechanical energy storage device; a generator driven by the mechanical energy source to generate induced power and supply electrical energy; An electronically controlled mechanical timepiece comprising: a rotation control device that is driven by the electric energy to control a rotation cycle of the generator; and a time display device that is operated in conjunction with the rotation of the generator.
- a rotation control device that is driven by the electric energy to control a rotation cycle of the generator
- a time display device that is operated in conjunction with the rotation of the generator.
- an adjustment unit for adjusting the magnetic balance between the stay and the mouth is provided in the vicinity of the stay and the evening hole.
- the mouth and the mouth can be stopped at the original stop position (static when there is no adjusting portion). (The stable position).
- the roving stops with the cogging torque reduced. Therefore, since the cogging torque is reduced, the mouth is rotated with a slight torque, so that the startability is improved, and it is difficult to stop even by a disturbance, and the reliability is also improved.
- the adjusting portion it is only necessary to provide a deformed portion or the like, for example, a notched notch, and the structure is not complicated.
- the power generation efficiency is maintained satisfactorily.
- rotation unevenness is hardly generated during the mouth, even when sweeping hand movement is performed, uneven hand movement does not occur, and smooth hand movement can be performed.
- the torque for rotating the rotor is small, the speed increase ratio from the mechanical energy source (mechanical energy storage device) such as a mainspring to the mouth of the mouth can be increased.
- the duration of the mechanical energy storage device can also be lengthened.
- the adjusting portion is an inner notch formed on the inner peripheral surface of the stay hole.
- the adjusting part may be configured by embedding a metal piece made of a magnetic material or by changing the thickness of the step, but if it is formed with an internal notch, it can be easily cut off only by pressing or the like. The structure can be simplified, and it can be easily manufactured.
- the shape factor K is 0.0005 thigh more 0.125 thigh 2 or less der Rukoto is preferred.
- the shape factor K is a coefficient proportional to the area of the inner notch.If this coefficient is less than 0.0005 ⁇ 2 , that is, if the area of the inner notch is smaller, the effect of forming the inner notch is smaller. In other words, the state in which the inner notch is not formed is approached, and the effect of reducing the cogging torque is reduced.
- the shape factor K is set to be larger than 0.125 ⁇ ⁇ 2 , the magnetic balance is lost and the absolute value of the cogging torque is increased. Therefore, it becomes easier for the mouth to stop.
- the inner notch is set so that the shape factor K falls within the above range, the absolute value of the cogging torque can be reduced. Furthermore, if the shape factor K is used, as shown in Fig. 7, the cogging torque can be reduced to approximately ⁇ 0 '' regardless of the strength and size of the magnet, the size of the gap between the stay hole and the magnet, and the shape of the inner notch. Can be derived. Therefore, it is possible to easily form an inner notch that can reduce the cogging torque to approximately “0”.
- shape factor K in said notches is 0.07 ⁇ more 0.125 negation 2 below. Within this range, the cogging torque can be further reduced.
- the inner notch is formed in a semicircular shape and has a radius of not less than 0.05 thigh and not more than 0.20 mm. Considering the size of the generator determined by the size of a general wristwatch, more specifically the size of the mouth and stay, their material, thickness, etc. The shape factor K is also within the above range, and the cogging torque can be reduced. Further, it is preferable that the inner notch is formed in a direction corresponding to the direction of the magnetic pole when the inner notch is not formed but statically stable.
- the cogging torque can be effectively reduced by forming a notch in a portion corresponding to a position where the mouth stops originally (statically stable position in a state where no notch is provided). If the cogging torque can be reduced, the rotor will rotate with a small amount of torque, which will improve the startability and make it harder to stop due to disturbances such as mechanical shocks, and improve reliability. Power generation performance can also be improved.
- the inner notch is located at the static stable position (the position where the mouth stops by the cogging torque without the notch) and the direction of the rotor magnetic pole from the center of the mouth when the mouth stops.
- the inner notch is formed within a range of a predetermined angle with respect to c. It is not limited to the case where it is formed at a place, but also includes the case where it is formed within a certain angle range with the direction of the magnetic pole as the center.
- the inner notch is preferably formed within an angle of ⁇ 40 degrees from the center of the rotor with respect to the direction of the magnetic pole at the time of static stability, and an angle of ⁇ 4 degrees. It is even more preferred that they are formed within the range. If the inner notch is formed in such an angle range, the cogging torque can be reduced as compared with the case where the inner notch is not formed. Particularly, if the inner notch is formed within the angle range of ⁇ 4 degrees, the cogging torque can be reduced as compared with the case where the inner notch is not formed. The cogging torque can be reduced to about 1/5.
- the mechanical energy storage device is a mainspring, and the mechanical energy stored in the mainspring is transmitted to the generator via a mechanical energy transmitting device including a train wheel.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the generator.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram showing a connection mode between the generator and the electronic circuit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the closed circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing the adjustment unit of the first embodiment in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the adjustment unit of the first embodiment and the actually measured cogging torque.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the torque coefficient and the cogging torque according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a main part of an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a main part of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged view showing the adjustment unit of the third embodiment in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 13 is a plan view of an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a main part of a generator as an electromagnetic rotating device.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the relationship between the cogging torque and the rotation angle in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of magnetic fluxes and the rotation angle in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic view showing a main part of a generator as an electromagnetic rotating device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the cogging torque and the rotation angle in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of magnetic fluxes and the rotation angle in the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a generator as an electromagnetic rotating device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a graph showing the relationship between the cogging torque and the rotatable rotation angle in the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic view showing a main part of a generator as an electromagnetic rotating device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a graph showing the relationship between the cogging torque and the rotation angle in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of magnetic fluxes and the rotation angle in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 26 is a graph showing the relationship between the cogging torque and the mouth rotation angle in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of magnetic fluxes and the rotation angle in the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 28 is a plan view of an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece equipped with a conventional generator.
- FIG. 29 is an exploded perspective view of the generator shown in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the generator 30 is the same as the conventional one, except that the main part is different from the conventional one. Therefore, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different parts or new descriptions are added. The following description will be given by giving different reference numerals only to the parts to be described.
- the timepiece of the present invention uses a mechanical energy transmission device to transfer the rotational power from a barrel car 1 having a built-in mainspring, which is a mechanical energy storage device, in a manner similar to the conventional one.
- the speed is increased through a certain wheel train and linked (transmitted) to the generator 30 according to the present invention.
- the rotation of the gear of barrel car 1 is increased 7 times to second wheel 7, sequentially 6.4 times and then to third wheel 8, 9.375 times increased to fourth wheel 9, Increased 3 times to 5th wheel 10, 10 times increased to 6th wheel 11 and 10 times increased to 1st and 12th of generator 30 of the present invention, totaling 126,000
- the speed is doubled to transmit the power. As shown in FIG.
- the center wheel 7 has a cannon pinion 7a
- the cannon pinion ⁇ a has a minute hand 13 fixed thereto
- a fourth wheel 9 has a second hand 14 fixed thereto. Therefore, in order to rotate the second wheel & pinion 7 at l rph and the fourth wheel & pinion 9 at 1 rpm, it is sufficient to control the mouth 12 to rotate at 5 rps.
- reference numeral 2 denotes a main plate
- reference numeral 3 denotes a train wheel receiver.
- the mouth 12 of the generator 30 is the same as before.
- the stay is arranged on the main plate 2 in the same arrangement as the conventional generator, but as shown in detail in FIGS.
- the stay having the same width corresponding to the magnetic core of the coil block is provided.
- the coils 33 and 34 are wound with different numbers of turns on 31 and 32, respectively, and the outside dimensions of the coil block on the side of the stay 32 are reduced due to the overlap of the third wheel 8.
- the coils 33 and 34 are connected in series.
- semicircular stay holes (mouth opening hole, mouth opening hole) 35 and 36 face each other. It is formed into a rotatable magnet 12b that rotatably houses. In addition, through holes 31c and 32c of screws 21 for individually fixing to the base plate 2 are formed at the distal ends 3la and 32a.
- the rear ends 31b and 32b of the two stays 31 and 32 are formed in a shape overlapping each other to connect the stays 31 and 32 together to form a magnetic path.
- Through holes (screw holes) 31 c and 32 c are provided in the overlapped center for inserting common screws 21 and fastening together to the base plate 2.
- the stay holes 35 and 36 are separated from each other with a predetermined gap g provided at the center thereof, and the outer circumferences of the rotor magnets 12 b are separated. It is arranged surrounding.
- An inner notch 37 serving as an adjusting portion is formed facing the outer side of the holes 35, 36 facing the outer side, and the inner notch 37 is formed by the notch 37 so that the stays 31, 3 2 Adjust the magnetic balance between the mouth and the mouth.
- the coils 33 and 34 connected in series are also used for generating an electromotive force, detecting the rotation of the mouth 12 and controlling the rotation of the generator 30. That is, the electronic circuit 240 composed of IC is driven by the electromotive force of the coils 33 and 34 to perform rotation detection and rotation control.
- the electronic circuit 240 includes an oscillation circuit 242 for driving the crystal oscillator 241 and a frequency dividing circuit 224 for generating a reference frequency signal serving as a time signal based on a clock signal generated in the oscillation circuit 242. 4 3, a detection circuit 2 4 4 for detecting the rotation of the mouth 1 and 2, and a comparison circuit 2 for comparing the rotation cycle obtained by the detection circuit 2 4 4 with the reference frequency signal and outputting a difference therebetween.
- the electronic circuit 240 constitutes a rotation control device for controlling the rotation cycle of the generator 30.
- a clock signal may be generated by using various reference standard oscillation sources or the like instead of the crystal oscillator 241.
- Each circuit 242-246 is driven by the electric power generated by the coils 33, 34 connected in series, and the mouth 12 of the generator 30 When the coil rotates and rotates in one direction, an AC output is generated in each of the coils 33 and 34.
- This output is boosted and rectified by a boosting rectifier circuit consisting of a diode 247 and a capacitor 248 A, and is charged to a capacitor 248 B as a capacitor.
- the capacitor 248 B drives the control circuit (electronic circuit) 240 by the charged current.
- a part of the AC output of each of the coils 33 and 34 is extracted as a detection signal of the rotation period of the mouth 12 and is input to the detection circuit 24.
- the output waveform output from each of the coils 33 and 34 draws an accurate sine wave for each rotation cycle. Therefore, the detection circuit 244 converts this signal into a time-series pulse signal by performing AZD conversion, compares this detection signal with the reference frequency signal by the comparison circuit 245, and the control circuit 246 compares the difference.
- a control signal corresponding to the minute is sent to a short circuit 249 functioning as a brake circuit for each of the coils 33, 34. Then, based on the control signal from the control circuit 246, the short circuit (closed loop circuit) 249 short-circuits both ends of each of the coils 33 and 34, applies a short brake, and regulates the rotation period of the mouth 12.
- the short circuit 249 includes a pair of diodes 251 that pass currents in opposite directions, a switch SW connected in series to each of the diodes 251, and a parallel connection to each switch SW. It consists of a two-way switch consisting of a parasitic diode 250 connected to As a result, the brake control can be performed by using the full wave of the AC output of each of the coils 33 and 34, and the brake amount can be increased.
- the inner notch 37 is formed in a semicircular shape with a radius r as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 6, and the value of the radius r is determined as follows.
- the radius 11 1 of stearyl Isseki holes 35, 36 is a 1. 5 mm.
- the thickness of the magnet was 0.4 mm, and the magnet material used had a maximum energy product of BH max 32 MGO e (254.7 KJ / m 3 in international units).
- three types of magnets 12b with different radii R 2 were used. It is only necessary to use 12b, taking into account the required power generation capacity, etc., it is sufficient to actually measure with a radius magnet used in the implementation.
- the actual measured cogging torque when the radius of the inner notch 37 was changed was as shown in Table 1 below. Table 1-2 shows the cogging torque of Table 1 converted to the international unit system.
- the cogging torque (the initial cogging torque T i in Table 1) is larger. It can be seen that the formation of the inner notch 37 having the diameter r tends to gradually decrease. This is because the provision of the inner notch 37 has a function of canceling the initial cogging torque Ti. If the radius r is too large, the action caused by the inner notch 37 is too large to exceed the initial cogging torque T i, and consequently the startability of the mouth 12 is deteriorated.
- the radius of the inner notch 37 is determined when the cogging torque is 0 or close to zero, and according to the graph of FIG. 7, regardless of the size of the radius R 2 of the rotor magnet 12 b,
- the radius r is 0.10 to 0.20 thigh, preferably 0.15 to 0.20 mm (as long as the size of the normally used magnet 12b). It is within an appropriate range. If the vertical axis (left axis) is shown in the gravity unit system in Fig. 7 and each graph used in the following explanation, the international unit system scale corresponding to the right axis is entered. .
- the radius r of the inner notch 37 is determined.
- the mouth 1 and 2 are originally (when there is no inner notch 37), the position where the magnetic balance is most stable, that is, the boundary between the magnetic poles N and S is parallel to the straight line connecting the gaps g on both sides. Stop at the position where However, according to the present embodiment, the inner circumference of the stay holes 35 and 36 has a magnetic balance between the stays 31 and 32 and the mouth 12 to adjust the magnetic balance. Since the notch 37 is provided, the mouth 12 can be stopped at a position deviated from the original stop position, and the action of canceling the initial cogging torque T i can be generated at the mouth 12.
- the cogging torque acting on the mouth 1 and 2 becomes small, and the mouth 1 and 2 rotate with a slight torque, so that it is possible to improve the startability and stop even when a disturbance occurs. And reliability can be improved.
- the torque applied from the mainspring to the mouth 12 can be small, the speed increase ratio of the wheel train can be increased, and the duration of the timepiece can be prolonged.
- the inner notch 37 can be easily formed only by cutting out the stay holes 35 and 36 by pressing or the like, the structure can be prevented from becoming complicated.
- the radius r of the inner notch 37 is such that the cogging torque is 0 (zero) or a value close to it from the relationship between the cogging torque measured in advance and the radius r. Since the cogging torque is determined within the optimum range, the cogging torque can be reduced more reliably. Moreover, since it is only necessary to repeat the actual measurement a predetermined number of times, it is not necessary to repeat the useless actual measurement many times, and the accurate radius r can be determined easily and quickly.
- the mouth-to-mouth magnet 1 2b has two magnetic poles N and S that divide the circumferential direction into two parts.
- the cogging torque can be further reduced.
- the power generation capacity of the generator 30 can be improved, and when the same electromotive voltage as in the past is obtained, the size of the generator 30 can be reduced. Also, since the output waveform is a sine wave, the output waveform can be easily detected by binarizing it by dividing it by an appropriate threshold, and the rotation frequency of the mouth 12 can be easily detected. Therefore, the control of the timepiece using the output waveform of the generator 30 can be performed accurately and easily.
- the stays 31 and 32 do not have any fragile parts due to the cantilever support of the stay holes or any parts that are easily deformed like the outer notch 15c (Figs. 28 and 29). Therefore, handling is simplified, handling properties in each process can be improved, and a decrease in yield can be prevented.
- the radii of 35 and 36, and R 2 is the radius of the magnet.
- n is a constant determined by the number of inner notches 37, and is "1/2" when one is provided, and "2" when two are provided opposite to each other.
- S (face 2 ) is the projected area of one inner notch 37 and is given by equation (4).
- ⁇ (r ad) is the opening angle of the inner notch 37 toward the center of the stay holes 35 and 36 (Fig. 6), and 7 ⁇ is the pi.
- equation (1) the action of the inner notch is substituted for the initial cogging torque T i (Table 1), the torque coefficient F is calculated by back calculation, and the back calculation is necessary to cancel the initial cogging torque T i. It is possible to find the optimal value of the radius r of the inner notch.
- the torque coefficient F corresponding to the initial cogging torque Ti is obtained by modifying the above equation (1) to the following equations (5) and (6).
- the radius r of the inner notch 37 is obtained by substituting the shape factor K obtained by the equation (7) into the following equation (8) obtained by modifying the above equations (3) and (4).
- the constants C and m are determined by measuring the cogging torque using a plurality of stages 31 and 32 having the same radius Ri and different radiuses r, respectively.
- the torque coefficient F for each of the stages 31 and 32 can be calculated from the above equations (2) to (4), and can be obtained from the relationship between each torque coefficient F and the actually measured cogging torque.
- each of the stays 31 and 32 (each of the stays with different radii r of the inner nose 37) used in the first embodiment, and each of the magnets 12b (radius) : Based on the actual measurement of two different magnets with different mouths, how to find the constants C and m when the radius of the holes 35 and 36 are set to three thighs.
- the torque coefficient F for each stage 31 and 32 and each rotor magnet 12b is determined by the above-mentioned equations (2) to (4).
- Table 2 shows the results together with other values.
- the opening angle 0 is obtained by the inverse function of the sine of each radius r (Fig. 6).
- the total magnetic flux number ⁇ of the magnets 12b at each opening is the magnetic flux density and thickness inherent to the magnet. From the general formula.
- the value obtained by subtracting Ta from the initial cogging torque T i that is, the difference of ⁇ T i -T a '' is the cogging when the inner notch is added. Measured as torque. Therefore, it is desirable to add the inner notch so that the value of “T i — T a” becomes almost “0”. If the inner notch is too large, the value of “Ti-Ta” will be negative and the cogging torque will be larger than “0”.
- Table 2 shows the value of the action Ta when the internal notch is added.
- Table 2-1 shows the effect of the inner notch Ta in Table 2 converted into the international system of units.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a main part of the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece according to the present embodiment, and FIGS. 10 and 11 are sectional views thereof.
- the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece includes a barrel wheel 1 including a mainspring 1a, a barrel gear 1b, a barrel barrel 1c, and a barrel lid 1d.
- the mainspring 1a has an outer end fixed to the barrel gear 1b and an inner end fixed to the barrel barrel 1c.
- the cylindrical barrel 1 c has a vertical barrel set by a barrel screw 5 ′ which is passed through the support member of the main plate 2 and screwed.
- the square hole wheel 4 has its square hole passed through the chamfer of the barrel true 1c, and rotates together with the barrel true lc.
- the base plate 2 includes a calendar plate 2 a and a disk-shaped dial plate 2. Installed.
- each of the center wheels 7 to 11 is provided on a different axis line and is arranged at a position not overlapping with coils 124 and 134 described later, and forms a torque transmission path from the mainspring 1a.
- a minute hand (not shown) for displaying the time is fixed to the cylindrical pinion 7a engaged with the second wheel & pinion 7a, and a second hand (not shown) for displaying the time is fixed to the second pinion 14a. Therefore, in order to rotate the second wheel 7 at 1 rph and the second pinion 14a at 1 rpm, it is sufficient to control the mouth 12 to rotate at 5 rps.
- the barrel gear 1b at this time is l / 7 rph.
- the backlash of the second pinion 14a deviating from the torque transmission path is reduced by the pointer suppressing device 140 provided between the barrel car 1 and the coil 124, thereby suppressing the wobbling of the hands.
- the pointer restraining device 140 is composed of a pair of linear restraining springs 141 and 142 surface-treated with a fluororesin treatment or an intermolecular bonding film or the like to reduce frictional loss in seconds. It is composed of mustache balls 143 and 144 as fixing members that are fixed to the second support 113 while supporting the base end side.
- This electronically controlled mechanical timepiece includes a generator 120 composed of a mouthpiece 12 and coil blocks 12 1 and 13 1.
- the mouth and mouth 12 is composed of a mouth and mouth 12a and a mouth and mouth magnet 12b.
- the coil blocks 121 and 131 are formed by winding coils 124 and 134 around stays (cores, magnetic cores) 123 and 133.
- the stays 123 and 133 are provided with core stays 122 and 132 arranged adjacent to the mouth 12 and core windings 123 b and 133 b around which the coils 124 and 134 are wound.
- the core magnetic conduction portions 123a and 133a connected to each other are integrally formed.
- the respective steps 123 and 133 that is, the respective coils 124 and 134 are arranged in parallel with each other.
- the rotor 12 is provided on the core stabilizing section 122, 132 side.
- the center axis thereof is arranged on a boundary line L extending between the coils 124, 134, and the coasters 122, 132 are configured to be symmetrical with respect to the boundary line L. .
- a bush 60 made of resin is provided.
- a pair of metal pieces 61 made of a magnetic material as an adjustment unit is embedded at a position intersecting with a straight line connecting the gear g of the stays 123 and 133. It is rare.
- a metal piece 61 an iron piece, a piece obtained by applying a nickel plating thereto, platinum, or the like can be used.
- Tool 55 is arranged.
- the core stays 122, 132 of the stays 123, 133 can be brought into contact with the bush 60 to accurately and easily perform the alignment, and the core magnetic field can be adjusted.
- the side surfaces of the conductive portions 123a and 133a can be reliably brought into contact with each other.
- the number of turns of each of the coils 124 and 134 is the same.
- the same number of turns means not only the case where the number of turns is exactly the same, but also includes a negligible error from the entire coil, for example, a difference of about several hundred hours.
- the core magnetic conduction portions 123a and 133a of the respective stays 123 and 133 are connected to each other by abutting their side surfaces.
- the lower surfaces of the core magnetic conduction portions 123a and 133a are in contact with the yoke 58 disposed across the core magnetic conduction portions 123a and 133a.
- two magnetic conduction paths are formed, and the stations 123 and 133 form an annular magnetic circuit.
- the coils 124 and 134 are connected to the core magnetic conduction parts 123 a and 133 a of the cores 123 and 133 respectively. It is wound in the same direction as the direction toward 32. Also, on the yoke 58 side, even when the side surfaces of the core magnetic conducting portions 123a and 133a of the stays 123 and 133 do not completely adhere to each other and there is a slight gap, the magnetic circuit is sufficiently formed. The gap in this case can be ignored.
- the ends of these coils 124 and 134 are connected to coil lead substrates (not shown) provided on the core magnetic conducting portions 123 a and 133 a of the stays 123 and 133.
- the second to sixth wheels 7 to 11 By arranging the second to sixth wheels 7 to 11 on different axes, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in the layout design of the second to seventh wheels.
- the mouth 12 is arranged on the boundary line L and each step 123, 1
- the magnetic path in the coaster portions 122 and 132 can be made shorter than in the case of the first embodiment. In this respect, the magnetic path length can be made shorter. Iron loss can be reduced.
- the magnetic resistance can be reduced and stabilized.
- the magnetic flux in the core magnetic conducting portions 1 2 3 a and 1 3 3 a flows more easily in the side direction, but the contact portion between the side surfaces of the core magnetic conducting portions 1 2 3 a and 1 3 3 a is The gap tends to vary from product to product, and the magnetic resistance may vary.
- the magnetic conduction path is formed only via the yoke, the variation in the gap can be reduced, but the magnetic flux is harder to flow than in the side direction, and the magnetic resistance cannot be reduced so much.
- the magnetic resistance can be reduced and stabilized. Since the cogging torque is also stabilized by stabilizing the magnetic resistance, the cogging torque can be reliably reduced by providing the metal piece 61 having a size corresponding to the torque. Furthermore, the electromotive voltage can be stabilized, and power generation and braking can be stabilized. In addition, the leakage flux can be reduced, and eddy loss in metal parts can be reduced.
- each station 1 2 3 and 1 3 Since the positioning jigs 55 were placed between the core stays 1 2 2 and 1 3 2 and the core magnetic conduction sections 1 2 3 a and 1 3 3 a, each station 1 2 3 and 1 3 The positioning of the core stays 122 and 132 and the contact state of the core magnetic conduction parts 123 a and 133 a can be adjusted with one positioning jig 55 for every three. Thus, the number of positioning jigs 55 can be reduced, the configuration can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced.
- the second pinion 14a Since the second pinion 14a is out of the torque transmission path, the second pinion 14a does not require a torque transmission gear overlapping the barrel car 1, so the width of the mainspring 1a is reduced accordingly. Maintain the thickness of the entire watch and increase the duration of the mainspring 1a Can be extended further.
- the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece of the present embodiment has the same configuration as the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece of the third embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the third embodiment, and the description will be omitted or simplified.
- the raw material 12 (the magnet 12b) is made of a rare earth magnet made of a samarium 'cobalt magnet, and has a maximum energy product of 32 megagauss elsted (MGO e, international unit system). This is 254.7 KJ / m 3 ), which is a disk with a diameter of 1.35 mm and a thickness of 0.4 mm.
- the stays 123 and 133 are made of permalloy, and have a maximum magnetic permeability of 400 000 and a saturation magnetic flux density of 0.74 T.
- an outer notch 50 and an inner notch 51 are formed on the stays 123 and 133 (low sunset holes) 122a and 132a.
- the outer notch 50 is formed at a portion where the stays 123 and 133 are arranged to face each other.
- the inner notch 51 is provided as an adjusting portion of the present invention, and when the cogging torque generated in the rotor 12 is statically stable in a state where the inner notch 51 is not formed. It is formed on the extension of arrow 52, corresponding to the magnetic pole direction of arrow 12 (arrow 52 in FIG. 15). In the present embodiment, a total of two inner notches 51 are formed in a direction orthogonal to the line connecting the outer notches 50 and on the inner peripheral surfaces of the mouth portions 122a and 132a. Have been.
- the cogging torque of each of the patterns (patterns 1 and 2) 161 and 162 in the present embodiment is reduced as compared with the pattern 163 without the inner notch.
- the cogging torque is greatly reduced to about 1/10 or less compared to the case without the internal notch.
- the cogging tolerance can be obtained by setting the inner notch 51 at an appropriate position in the actual measurement. The lux was reduced to less than 1/2.
- Pattern 1 and pattern 2 differ only in the size of the inner notch 51.Pattern 1 has a radius of 0.05 of the inner notch 51, and pattern 2 has a radius of the inner notch 51. 0.1 Recommended.
- the number of magnetic fluxes interlinking the coil is the same in the case where there is no inner notch 51 and in the case where there is an internal notch (patterns 1 and 2).
- the internal notch 51 is provided corresponding to the magnetic pole direction of the mouth 1 and 2 when the mouth 1 and 2 are in the static stable position, so that the cogging torque acting on the mouth 1 and 2 can be reduced. .
- the mouth 1 and 2 rotate with a small torque, so that the startability can be improved, and the movement of the mouth 1 and 2 during rotation can be made smoother.
- it is hard to stop even by disturbance, and the reliability can be improved.
- the cogging torque can be greatly reduced to about 1Z10 or less as compared with the case where the inner notch is not formed.
- the torque applied from the mainspring to the rotor 12 may be small, the speed increase ratio of the wheel train can be increased, and the duration of the mainspring can be prolonged.
- the movement of the rotating rotor 12 during rotation can be smoothed, sweep hand movement can be performed, and smooth hand movement can be realized without uneven hand movement.
- the number of interlinkage magnetic fluxes that greatly affects the generator performance can be made the same as before, and only the cogging torque can be reduced, so that the rotation speed of the mouth can be increased, and a large increase Voltage can be generated.
- the inner notch 51 can be easily formed by simply cutting out the openings 122a and 132a by pressing or the like.
- the position where the inner notch 51 is formed depends on the static safety before forming the inner notch 51. Since it suffices to form it corresponding to a fixed position, it is easy to specify the position, and in this regard, it is easy to manufacture.
- the present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that the mouth opening portion is formed by two stays 1 2 3 and 1 3 3, whereas the outer notch 5 is formed as shown in FIG.
- the inner notch 71 which is the adjusting portion, is formed by a single stay 70 (a mouth opening portion) 70a formed by a single stay 70 in which the 0 portion is continuous.
- the magnetic pole direction of the mouth 1 2 It is formed on the arrow 72 2) in FIG. 18 and on the inner peripheral surface of the row recess 70 a.
- a total of two inner notches 71 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the mouth opening 70a in the direction along the line connecting the outer notches 50.
- the cogging torque of each of the patterns (patterns 3 and 4) 75 and 76 of the present embodiment is about 3/4 to that of the data 77 without the inner notch. It has been reduced to less than 1/2.
- Pattern 3 and Pattern 4 differ in the size and shape of the inner notch 71, and Pattern 3 is a square notch with one side of about 0.05 as shown in Fig. 18.
- the notch 71 is formed, and the pattern 4 is a case where the inner notch 71 is formed by a triangular notch of about half the area (base and height is about 0.055 thigh). It is a night of de.
- the number of magnetic fluxes linked to the coil is almost the same between the case without internal notch and the case of each of the patterns 3 and 4.
- the present invention is applied to a generator 180 as an electromagnetic rotating device.
- the generator 180 has a stay hole (low hole portion) 1811 a and a stay 18 1 forming a magnetic circuit, and a core wound with a coil (not shown). 18 and a rotor 18 3 made of a permanent magnet.
- the stay 18 1 is an integrated stay that is not separated at the opening 18 a portion.
- the rhodium 183 is made of a rare earth magnet using a samarium-cobalt magnet as a raw material. KJ / m 3 ), and its shape is a disk with a diameter of 1.1 orchids and a thickness of 0.4 mm.
- the station 18 also made of permalloy, has a maximum magnetic permeability of 400000 and a saturation magnetic flux density of 0.74T.
- the core 18 2 wound with a coil is also made of a permalloy material, and has a maximum magnetic permeability of 500 000 and a saturation magnetic flux density of 1.5 T.
- the second inner notch 1886 which is an adjusting part, is in a state where the inner notch 1186 is not formed, that is, in a state where only the outer notch 1864 and the first inner notch 1885 are formed.
- the magnetic pole direction of the mouth 1 8 3 (arrow 18 7 in Figure 21) and the opening 1 8 It is formed on the inner peripheral surface of 1a.
- a total of two inner notches 18 6 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the mouth opening 18 1 a in a direction orthogonal to the line connecting the first inner notches 18 5. Are formed.
- the cogging torque of the mouth 183 can be reduced, so that the rotation efficiency can be improved and power can be saved.
- the formation position of the inner notch 51 is different from the electromagnetic rotating device (generator) of the fourth embodiment.
- the inner notch 51 of the present embodiment has a state in which the inner notch 51 is not formed and the cogging torque generated in the mouth 12 is statically stable.
- the direction (arrow 91) which is rotated by an angle 0 with respect to the center point 0 of the mouth 12 relative to the magnetic pole direction of the mouth 12 (arrow 52 in Fig. 23), and One night hole (Mouth hole part) 1 2 2 a, formed on the inner peripheral surface of 13 2 a.
- the results of the two-dimensional magnetic field analysis when the value of the angle 0 is changed are shown in the graphs of FIGS.
- the cogging torque can be reduced more than in the case of. In particular, if is less than 30 deg (data 102, 103, 105), the cogging torque can be significantly reduced compared to data 101 without internal notch.
- the peak value of the cogging torque can be reduced to about 1/5 compared to the case without the inner notch.
- present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but achieves the object of the present invention.
- present invention includes other configurations and the like that can be formed, and the following modifications and the like are also included in the present invention.
- the inner notches 37, 51, 71, and 186 are provided as the adjustment unit of the present invention.
- a protruding part is formed on the center side of 5, 36 to adjust the magnetic balance between the stays 31 and 32 and the mouth 12 to reduce the cogging torque. May be.
- the protrusion may be formed in a direction perpendicular to the above-mentioned inner notch position, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic pole direction when the rotor is statically stable.
- the planar shape and the like of the protrusion and the inner notch are not limited to a semicircle, but may be any shape such as a semiellipse, a trapezoid, or a triangle.
- the metal piece 61 made of a magnetic material is provided on the bush 60 as the adjusting portion.
- the surface treatment made of a magnetic material such as nickel plating is performed. Any magnetic material can be provided in consideration of the material of the bush 60 and the like.
- a magnetic member is interposed at a position intersecting 90 ° with the straight line connecting the gap g, or a thick magnetic material surface treatment is applied only to that portion, and May be provided in a simple through-hole to destabilize the magnetic balance and reduce the cogging torque.
- a positioning pin made of a non-magnetic material is made to penetrate by using the through-hole.
- the adjustment unit of the present invention may be used.
- an adjustment unit for adjusting the magnetic balance is provided near the periphery of the stay hole, it is included in the present invention, and the form of the adjustment unit may be arbitrarily determined in implementation.
- the stay used in the generator according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described in the first and third embodiments, but may be, for example, the single-stage stay described in FIGS. 18 and 21.
- the core magnetic conducting portions may be of a type that is stacked in a direction perpendicular to such a contacting direction, and arranged at intervals.
- the rear end portion may be of a type in which conduction is made via a yoke 58 or the like as shown in FIG.
- the size (radius and the like) of the inner notches 37, 51, 71, and 186 to be added is not limited to those of the above-described embodiments. That is, the optimal size of the inner notches 37, 51, 71, and 186 depends on the magnetic resistance of each magnetic path in the magnetic circuit.
- the cogging torque of the inner notch 51 shows a minimum value when the radius is 0.1 thigh, and the effect of reducing the cogging torque decreases as the radius becomes smaller than 0.1 mm. Conversely, the cogging torque tends to gradually increase as the radius becomes larger than 0.1 thigh.
- the cogging torque shows a substantially minimum value.
- the cogging torque of the entire magnetic circuit system is the balance between the magnetic resistance in the main magnetic path direction when the inner notches 37, 51, 71, and 186 are added and the magnetic resistance in other directions orthogonal to the main magnetic path. Therefore, the size of the inner notches 37, 51, 71, and 186 should be set in consideration of these conditions.
- the stay in which the stay hole (low hole portion) is formed may be either a one-piece type or a two-piece type, and the shape and material are not limited to those of the above embodiments. In this case, it may be set appropriately.
- the size and material of the mouth 12 (the magnet 12b) and 183 are not limited to those of the above embodiment.
- the mechanical energy source (mechanical energy storage device) for driving the generators 30, 120, 180 is not limited to the mainspring la, but may be a fluid such as rubber, spring, weight, compressed air, or the like. What is necessary is just to set suitably according to the object to which this invention is applied. Further, as a means for inputting mechanical energy to these mechanical energy sources, manual winding, rotating weight, potential energy, pressure change, wind power, wave power, hydraulic power, temperature difference, and the like may be used.
- the mechanical energy transmission means for transmitting mechanical energy from a mechanical energy source such as a mainspring to the generator is not limited to the train wheel (gear) as in the above embodiment, but may be a friction wheel, a belt (timing belt).
- a pulley a chain and a sprocket wheel, a rack and a binion, a cam and the like may be used, and may be set as appropriate according to the type of an electronically controlled mechanical timepiece to which the present invention is applied.
- the time display device is not limited to the hands, but may be a disk, a ring, or an arc.
- the electronically controlled mechanical timepiece of the present invention is not limited to a wristwatch, and can be applied to a clock such as a table clock or a clock.
- the generator of another electronic timepiece for example, a type that generates power in accordance with the movement of the rotating weight
- the stepping It may be employed when the inner notch is formed over the entire stay of the motor, and these can effectively reduce the cogging torque.
- the adjustment unit that adjusts the magnetic balance between the stay and the mouth since the adjustment unit that adjusts the magnetic balance between the stay and the mouth is provided, a sufficient magnetic flux between the stay and the mouth is provided. While maintaining the power generation efficiency by securing the amount of interlinkage, there is the effect that the cogging torque in the mouth can be reliably reduced with a simple structure to improve the startability and reliability.
- the inner notch is formed at a position corresponding to the magnetic pole direction when the mouth is statically stable before adding the inner notch as the adjusting part, the cogging torque of the electronically controlled mechanical watch can be easily increased. Can be reduced to
- the cogging torque generated in the generator can be reduced without reducing the number of interlinkage magnetic fluxes that greatly affect the generator performance.
- the rotation speed can be improved, and the rotation speed of the rotor can be increased, so that a large electromotive voltage can be generated as compared with the conventional case.
- the efficiency is higher than in the past, it is possible to reduce the size and thickness of roads and the like.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99972315A EP1048989B1 (en) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Electronically controlled mechanical timepiece and method of manufacturing the same |
US09/600,288 US6633511B1 (en) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Electronic controlling type mechanical timepiece |
DE69941974T DE69941974D1 (de) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Elektronisch gesteuerte mechanische uhr und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10/326823 | 1998-11-17 | ||
JP32682398 | 1998-11-17 | ||
JP11/014690 | 1999-01-22 | ||
JP1469099 | 1999-01-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2000029910A1 true WO2000029910A1 (fr) | 2000-05-25 |
Family
ID=26350704
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1999/006425 WO2000029910A1 (fr) | 1998-11-17 | 1999-11-17 | Piece d'horlogerie mecanique a commande electronique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6633511B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1048989B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1237419C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69941974D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2000029910A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008267979A (ja) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-11-06 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電子制御式機械時計およびコギングトルクの低減方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3627660B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-28 | 2005-03-09 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電子機器、電子制御式機械時計、電子機器の制御プログラム、記録媒体、電子機器の制御方法および電子機器の設計方法 |
CN203151354U (zh) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-08-21 | 武汉晨龙电子有限公司 | 表芯低起步电压低功耗步进电机定子片与磁钢配合结构 |
CH707340A2 (fr) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-13 | Richemont Internat Ltd | Organe régulateur pour montre-bracelet. |
CH707787B1 (fr) * | 2013-03-25 | 2021-09-15 | Richemont Int Sa | Organe régulateur pour montre bracelet et procédé d'assemblage d'un organe régulateur pour montre bracelet. |
JP6515454B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-20 | 2019-05-22 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | ステッピングモータ及び時計 |
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- 1999-11-17 CN CN99802209.8A patent/CN1237419C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-17 US US09/600,288 patent/US6633511B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-17 DE DE69941974T patent/DE69941974D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-17 WO PCT/JP1999/006425 patent/WO2000029910A1/ja active Application Filing
- 1999-11-17 EP EP99972315A patent/EP1048989B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1237419C (zh) | 2006-01-18 |
CN1288531A (zh) | 2001-03-21 |
US6633511B1 (en) | 2003-10-14 |
DE69941974D1 (de) | 2010-03-18 |
EP1048989A4 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
EP1048989B1 (en) | 2010-01-27 |
EP1048989A1 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
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