WO2000025312A1 - Procede et systeme d'enregistrement d'informations, systeme de compression/decompression d'images, procede de commande de ces systemes, et systeme de controle comprenant une partie ou la totalite des systemes precedents - Google Patents

Procede et systeme d'enregistrement d'informations, systeme de compression/decompression d'images, procede de commande de ces systemes, et systeme de controle comprenant une partie ou la totalite des systemes precedents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000025312A1
WO2000025312A1 PCT/JP1999/005922 JP9905922W WO0025312A1 WO 2000025312 A1 WO2000025312 A1 WO 2000025312A1 JP 9905922 W JP9905922 W JP 9905922W WO 0025312 A1 WO0025312 A1 WO 0025312A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
recording
digital
image
removable memory
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1999/005922
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuhiko Katahira
Eriko Terada
Fujio Tanaka
Yuichi Enomoto
Hideki Shinohara
Katsunori Kuramochi
Original Assignee
Hitachi Maxell, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. filed Critical Hitachi Maxell, Ltd.
Priority to AU62308/99A priority Critical patent/AU6230899A/en
Priority to GB0110173A priority patent/GB2359185B/en
Publication of WO2000025312A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000025312A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
    • H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
    • H04N9/804—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components
    • H04N9/8042—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction
    • H04N9/8047—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction using transform coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
    • H04N5/92—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
    • H04N5/926—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback by pulse code modulation
    • H04N5/9261—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback by pulse code modulation involving data reduction
    • H04N5/9264—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback by pulse code modulation involving data reduction using transform coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
    • H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
    • H04N9/82—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback the individual colour picture signal components being recorded simultaneously only
    • H04N9/8205—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback the individual colour picture signal components being recorded simultaneously only involving the multiplexing of an additional signal and the colour video signal
    • H04N9/8211—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback the individual colour picture signal components being recorded simultaneously only involving the multiplexing of an additional signal and the colour video signal the additional signal being a sound signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/78—Television signal recording using magnetic recording
    • H04N5/781—Television signal recording using magnetic recording on disks or drums
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/84—Television signal recording using optical recording
    • H04N5/85—Television signal recording using optical recording on discs or drums

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an information recording method and system, an image compression / expansion system, a system control method, and a monitoring system having some or all of these.
  • the present invention firstly relates to an information recording method and system, and more particularly, to a method and system for recording a digital signal continuously, intermittently, and in Z or time series.
  • the present invention relates to control when continuously recording large amounts of data in a removable memory without interrupting the flow of data when receiving the data at a constant transfer rate.
  • the information recording method and system of the present invention are particularly suitable for a surveillance system that records a digital image signal transmitted from a surveillance video camera that continuously monitors a predetermined place.
  • the present invention also relates to image compression and decompression enabling high-speed data transfer, and more particularly to image compression and decompression using a JPEG compression / decompression algorithm.
  • the method of the present invention is a method of transmitting information representing images with clear contrast or images with sharp changes such as photographs taken by a high-resolution camera, animation, newspaper type, test patterns used before television broadcasting, etc. This method is particularly suitable for decompressing data for recording on an external recording device such as a magnetic (MO) disk or transferring the data to another system at a remote location via the Internet or dedicated online. Therefore, the image compression / decompression method of the present invention is applicable to the above-described monitoring system.
  • MO magnetic
  • the present invention relates to a system control method, and more particularly, to a method for automatically setting and updating system parameters and a control program in the above-described monitoring system.
  • Time Laplac VTRs which record analog data output from surveillance cameras in analog form, have been widely used.Recent surveillance systems have replaced the Time Lapse VTR with digital recording of digital image data of the subject image as it is. There is a tendency to use camera digital recording and playback devices.
  • Surveillance Mera digital recording and playback devices have the advantage of being superior to conventional Time Laplac VTRs in storing and editing high-quality images without deterioration over time.
  • JPEG compression / decompression algorithm In order to transfer digital image data at high speed, the prior art typically proposes a JPEG compression / decompression algorithm. Operation DC J (Discrete Cosine Transformation: Discrete Cosine Transformation) The operation of the JP EG compression Z decompression algorithm conforms to ISOZEC 10918-1 (JPEG standard), An algorithm that converts (compresses) the data to a small amount and returns it to the original image data (decompression or decompression), and generally enables high-speed transfer of large-capacity images.
  • DC J Discrete Cosine Transformation: Discrete Cosine Transformation
  • the sequential DCT operation considers the data at a point in the image data and another point very close to that point to be the same or very similar, and Fourier transforms a scalar quantity representing a point in the image. Then, if it is converted into a power spectrum on the frequency axis, the power spectrum above a certain frequency can be regarded as almost zero. Cutting off data by considering it as 0 corresponds to compression. Therefore, when the data sequence compressed by the sequential DCT operation is decompressed, the original image is not completely reproduced and loss is included.
  • MOs magneto-optical disks
  • the switch circuit first connects the input image information to the first MO drive and records the image data on this MO disk, and immediately before the recording capacity of the VIO disk of the first MO drive runs out, the second Start the MO drive, switch the input image data to the second MO drive, and record the subsequent image data on the second MO disk.
  • the second MO drive is recording image data
  • the MO disk of the first MO drive is replaced with a new one, and thereafter, such processing is repeated.
  • the surveillance camera digital recording / reproducing apparatus has more environment setting items than the conventional Time Lapse VTR. That is, the surveillance camera digital recording / reproducing apparatus has various system parameters (that is, system operation setting items) including an image compression ratio, a recording interval for each frame, an alarm recording time, a camera channel switching interval, and the like. It was complicated and troublesome to manually set (setup) and update (update) these system parameters by operating the above-mentioned buttons and the like. In particular, in department stores that include a large number of digital recording / playback devices for surveillance cameras, it is inefficient to repeat the same operation for all the units, and setting errors easily occur. The same was true for control programs that manage system parameters.
  • the DCT operation is similar to the Fourier transform, and when it compresses a rapidly changing part with large differential coefficients (for example, an image in which type and background are mixed or a sharp rising part), it is expanded and reproduced afterwards.
  • the image will contain ghost images that do not actually exist near the rapidly changing part.
  • Such a gost image is called “mosquito noise”, and is one mode of loss in terms of deterioration of a reproduced image. Since the generation of such mosquito noise is a problem peculiar to the JPEG compression / decompression algorithm, a different algorithm may be developed.
  • codecs that perform JPEG compression and Z-decompression algorithms that perform DCT calculations are considered inexpensive LSIs by many companies, so changing or newly manufacturing them will increase the cost of the entire system. Will be. Therefore, it is desirable to use an LSI chip for the JPEG codec currently on the market in order to prevent an increase in cost.
  • the conventional surveillance system does not always have a sufficient structure for generating, compressing, decompressing and recording image data and managing the system.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new and useful information recording method and system, an image compression / expansion system, a system control method, and a monitoring system having a part or all of these, which solve such conventional problems. For general example purposes.
  • Another object of the present invention is to record image data after a predetermined recording time has elapsed. Monitoring system and method.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring system and method capable of recording a monitoring image even while the recorded image is being reproduced.
  • Another example of the present invention is to provide an information recording method and system capable of recording image data in a time zone that could not be recorded conventionally, and to provide a monitoring system using such a method. Purpose.
  • the present invention provides a system control method for setting and updating a system parameter and a control program, which avoids a duplicate manual operation and a human error based on the manual operation and enables a highly reliable system construction. It is another exemplary purpose to provide a surveillance system that utilizes such methods.
  • a continuous recording system comprises: a removable memory drive; a fixed disk device; and a control device connected to the removable memory drive and the fixed disk device.
  • a removable memory drive Inputting data to the removable memory drive, recording the data in the removable memory of the removable memory drive, and inputting the data to the fixed disk device when the removable memory is replaced.
  • the continuous recording method of the present invention includes: a first step of inputting data to a removable memory drive and recording data in a removable memory of the removable memory drive; and storing the data in the removable memory.
  • the removable disk drive may be removed from the fixed disk device while the input of the data to the fixed disk device is maintained.
  • the surveillance system of the present invention includes a surveillance camera, a video decoder connected to the surveillance camera, an image compression / decompression device connected to the video decoder, and a video connected to the image compression / decompression device.
  • the image data is input to the removable memory of the removable memory drive. Recording the image data, when the rim one bubble memory is replaced the fixed de T / JP99 / 05922
  • the continuous recording method and system of the present invention use a removable memory drive. While the removable memory is replaced, data is recorded on the fixed disk and continuous recording is not interrupted. Further, in the continuous recording method according to the third aspect of the present invention, data is recorded in the removable memory in a state where data is arranged in a time-series manner in addresses. Therefore, at the time of reading, images are read out in chronological order simply by reading out the addresses in order.
  • a digital recording method includes a step of temporarily storing digital data in a buffer at a video capturing interval equal to or less than a video recording interval set by a user and temporarily delaying the digital data. And recording the delayed digital data stored in the buffer at a video recording interval set by the user on a storage medium.
  • digital data is temporarily stored in the buffer at a video capture interval shorter than the video recording interval set by the user, and a part or all of the digital data recorded in the buffer is stored in the storage medium. Will be recorded. Since the buffer delays the digital data, there is time to select and edit the data to be recorded on the recording medium.
  • a digital recording method as another exemplary embodiment of the present invention stores digital data in a buffer at a video capture interval equal to or less than a first video recording interval set by a user in a first recording mode, and temporarily stores the digital data in a buffer. Recording the digital data stored in the buffer and delayed in the first recording mode on a storage medium at the first video recording interval; and Recording mode power, a step of switching to a second recording mode, and, in the second recording mode, the buffer stored in the buffer before the switching time from the first recording mode to the second recording mode. Recording said digital data on said storage medium.
  • Such a method also has the above-mentioned time margin.
  • a digital recording method as still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a method of capturing digital data at a video capturing interval equal to or less than a first video recording interval set by a user in a first recording mode, and Performing a predetermined process including compression on the data, generating first compressed data, storing the first compressed data in a buffer, and temporarily delaying the first compressed data; and storing the first compressed data in the buffer in the first recording mode.
  • Such a method also has the above-mentioned time margin, and in the second recording mode, the second compressed data having a larger data amount than the first compressed data is recorded on the storage medium.
  • Such a method is particularly effective when switching from the first recording mode to the second recording mode at or after the importance of information increases.
  • a digital recording system as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a control device that can switch between a first recording mode and a second recording mode, and is connected to and controlled by the control device.
  • the digital data stored in the buffer and delayed in the first recording mode is recorded on a storage medium at the first video recording interval, and the first recording mode is recorded in the second recording mode.
  • digital data is temporarily stored in the buffer at a video capture interval equal to or less than the first video recording interval, and a part or all of the digital data recorded in the buffer is stored in the storage medium. Will be. Since the buffer delays the digital data, the data to be recorded on the recording medium is selected. There is time to edit. This system uses such a time margin to record data before the mode switching on the storage medium.
  • a digital recording system includes a control device capable of switching between the first and second recording modes, a digital recording system connected to the control device, and controlled by the digital recording system. Performs predetermined processing including compression on the data, creates first compressed data in the first recording mode, and creates a first compressed data in the second recording mode that has a larger data amount than the first compressed data.
  • a first compression unit capable of generating the second compressed data, and the first and second compressed data stored at a video capture interval that is controlled by the control unit and is equal to or less than a first video recording interval set by a user.
  • This system also has the above-mentioned time margin, and in the second recording mode, the second compressed data having a larger data amount than the first compressed data is recorded on the storage medium.
  • the present system is particularly effective when switching from the first recording mode to the second recording mode at or after the importance of information increases.
  • a digital recording method of the present invention comprises the steps of: setting first and second recording modes; and performing predetermined processing including compression on digital data.
  • first recording mode a first compressed data is created
  • second recording mode a second compressed data having a smaller data amount than the first compressed data is created. Recording the first compressed data on a record carrier, and recording the second compressed data on the record carrier in the second recording mode.
  • the digital recording method of the present invention includes a step of creating compressed data by compressing digital data representing an image; a step of recording the compressed data on a record carrier; Changing the amount of digital data. To change the data amount, thin out certain data from the digital data (for example, if the digital data represents an image, reduce the number of recording frames per unit time or reduce the data per pixel). Us Can be achieved.
  • the digital recording method of the present invention includes a step of compressing digital data to create compressed data; a step of recording the compressed data on a record carrier; and a step of compressing the digital data during the recording process.
  • Changing the compression ratio to be used The powerful recording method can be applied even when the compression rate to be changed is three or more.
  • the changing step is such that the compression rate after the change is lower than the compression rate before the change.
  • the compression ratio is sequentially changed.
  • the digital recording system of the present invention comprises a control device capable of setting the first and second recording modes, and a predetermined device which is connected to and controlled by the control device and includes compression of digital data. Performing a process, creating first compressed data in the first recording mode, and creating second compressed data having a smaller data amount than the first compressed data in the second recording mode. And a control device connected to the control device, the control device records the first compressed data on a record carrier in the first recording mode, and the second compression mode in the second recording mode. And a recording device capable of recording the compressed data on the record carrier.
  • the control device switches from the first recording mode to the second recording mode according to, for example, the recordable remaining amount of the record carrier.
  • the second compressed data may be formed by thinned-out digital data, or may be formed by a higher compression ratio than the first recording mode. Further, the recording mode may be sequentially switched to the third and fourth recording modes.
  • the surveillance system of the present invention includes a surveillance camera, a video decoder connected to the surveillance camera and converting analog data output from the surveillance power camera into digital data, and a digital decoder connected to the video decoder.
  • An image compression device capable of performing predetermined processing including compression on one of the plurality of recording media; a recording device connected to the image compression device for recording the compressed digital data on a record carrier; A control device connected to the recording device.
  • the control device may be configured such that the image compression device creates first compressed data in a first recording mode and a second compression data having a smaller data amount than the first compressed data in a second recording mode. Control to create data, whereby the storage device In the first recording mode, the first compressed data is recorded on a record carrier, and in the second recording mode, the second compressed data is recorded on the record carrier.
  • the second compressed data may be formed by decimated digital data, or the first recording mode may be formed by a high compression ratio. The same is true.
  • the monitoring system can use a fetch command or a read command from the control device to thin out digital data.
  • the digital recording method and system and the monitoring system of the present invention in the second recording mode, the second compressed data having a smaller data amount than the first compressed data is recorded on the record carrier. Therefore, the recording time on the record carrier is extended as compared with the case where only the first recording mode is used.
  • the digital recording method of the present invention can thin out digital data or change the compression ratio while compressed data of digital data is recorded on a record carrier.
  • an image compression / decompression system divides first image information into regions having a predetermined size and detects a maximum value of an image change rate per unit distance for each region.
  • a first-pass filter that performs a predetermined filtering process on the first image information in the area having the maximum value that is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold; and a maximum value that is smaller than the threshold.
  • the surveillance system of the present invention includes a surveillance camera, a video decoder connected to the surveillance camera, an image compression / decompression system connected to the video decoder, and a video compression / decompression system connected to the image compression / decompression system.
  • a surveillance system comprising an encoder and a display device connected to the video encoder, wherein the image compression / decompression system includes an input filter connected to the video decoder, and a JPEG codec connected to the input filter.
  • a JPEG file processor connected to the input filter and the JPEG codec.
  • the input filter divides the first image information into regions having a predetermined size, and A detection circuit for detecting the maximum value of the image change rate per unit distance; and a detection circuit for detecting the maximum value of the image change rate per unit distance.
  • a predetermined filtering process is performed on the first image information.
  • a mouth-pass filter wherein the JPEG codec includes: a first image information of the area having the maximum value smaller than the threshold value; and the first image passed through the mouth-pass filter.
  • the JPEG file processor compresses second image information composed of information by DCT calculation, identifying information of the area having the maximum value equal to or larger than the threshold value, and difference information between the maximum value and the threshold value.
  • the filter data including the threshold information and the threshold information is written in a comment to generate a JPEG file together with the compressed data string output from the JPEG codec.
  • the JPEG file generated from the second image is decompressed.
  • mosquito noise can be suppressed as compared with the case where a JPEG file generated from the first image is expanded as in the past.
  • a conventional commercially available JPEG codec can be used as it is.
  • a JPEG file processor is provided to write file data to a comment marker of the JPEG file.
  • a filter data analysis circuit and a peaking filter are provided to restore the filtering process performed by the one-pass filter, so that the original image can be reproduced more faithfully.
  • the detection circuit, one-pass filter, file data analysis circuit, and peaking filter can be realized as one digital signal processor.
  • a method for automatically setting and updating system parameters of a monitoring system includes the steps of: determining whether a first system parameter currently used in the monitoring system exists; Determining whether the second system parameter being introduced to the system is newer than the first system parameter, and determining that the first system parameter does not exist in the monitoring system. For example, a step of automatically setting the second system parameter in the monitoring system by copying the second system parameter, and the step of: setting the first system parameter in the monitoring system. If it is determined that the second system parameter is newer than the first system parameter, the first system parameter is determined. Automatically update the data to the second system parameter.
  • the first system parameter is maintained. And according to such a method, system parameters are automatically set and updated after a predetermined judgment.
  • the method for automatically setting and updating the control program of the monitoring system according to the present invention is based on whether the first control program currently used in the monitoring system exists, and whether the second control program is to be introduced into the monitoring system. Determining whether or not the control program is newer than the first control program; and copying the second control program if it is determined that the first control program does not exist in the monitoring system. Automatically setting the second control program in the monitoring system, wherein the first control program is present in the monitoring system and the second control program is the first control program.
  • the control program Automatically updating the first control program to the second control program if it is determined that the monitoring system is newer; Maintaining the first control program if it is determined that the first control program is present and the first control program is the same or new as the second control program and has a creation date. And According to such a method, the control program is automatically set and updated after a predetermined judgment.
  • the monitoring system of the present invention includes a monitoring camera that captures a subject image and outputs an electric analog signal, a conversion unit that converts the electric analog signal into a digital signal, and a control device that records and edits the digital signal.
  • a control unit configured to set an operating environment of the monitoring system; a storage unit configured to store a control program that controls each unit of the monitoring system; A control unit for controlling automatic setting and updating of the control program. According to a powerful monitoring system, the control unit controls the automatic setting and updating of system parameters and control programs.
  • FIG. 1 is an overview block diagram of the monitoring system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a main part of an image compression / decompression system as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention applicable to the monitoring system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an exemplary configuration of an adaptive input digital finoleter of the image compression / decompression system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a JPEG file processor of the image compression / decompression system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an exemplary configuration of an adaptive output digital filter of the image compression / Z expansion system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a timing chart for schematically explaining the relationship between a fetch command and image data in the recording method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a control method performed by the CPU shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining a recording method executable by the monitoring system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the normal extended recording mode shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of the detailed recording mode shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is an exemplary timing chart for explaining the effect of the recording method executable by the monitoring system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is an example of a control flowchart for continuous recording that can be executed by the monitoring system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is another example of a control flowchart relating to continuous recording that can be executed by the monitoring system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram for explaining a method of automatically setting and updating system parameters and control programs in the monitoring system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of setting and updating system parameters performed by the CPU of the monitoring system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of a control program setting and updating method performed by the CPU of the monitoring system shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a monitoring system 100 as one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the surveillance system 100 includes a plurality of surveillance video cameras (surveillance cameras) 10, alarms 12, selectors 14, video decoders 16, video encoders 18, input / output filters 20, and the like. , A JPEG codec 50, a frame buffer 58, a controller 60, a MO drive (removable disk drive) 80, a hard disk drive (fixed disk drive) 82, and a monitor 84. .
  • the video camera 10 and alarm 12 are located at monitored locations such as department stores, convenience stores, banks, museums, etc.
  • the alarm 12 is connected to sensors (not shown) such as infrared sensors and voice sensors installed at doors, etc. Then, when the sensor detects a suspicious individual, the switch is turned on in response to the suspicious individual.
  • the monitoring camera 10 is, for example, a CCD that converts a subject image into an analog electric signal.
  • Such a security room or security company includes a selector 14, a video decoder 16, a video encoder 18, an input / output filter 20, a JPEG codec 50, a frame buffer 58, a control device 60, and a MO.
  • a drive 80 and a hard disk drive 82 are provided, which may be considered as a digital video recording device.
  • the control device 60 is composed of a general-purpose personal computer and the MO drive 80 and the hard disk drive 82 are each configured as a built-in MO drive and hard disk drive in the personal computer, one personal computer It can be configured as a computer.
  • the control device 60 may include only one of them.
  • the selector 14 can extract only the signal component of the negative camera signal component of the analog signals captured by the plurality of surveillance cameras 10 and the signal component necessary for recording among the signal components of one camera.
  • the input / output filter 20 removes noise on the carrier path and has an input filter 30 and an output filter 40.
  • the input / output filter 20 is preferably configured as an adaptive input / output digital filter, the invention does not prevent either or both of the input and output filters from being configured as general purpose filters.
  • the input filter 30 is configured as an adaptive input digital filter that receives input image information to be compressed
  • the output filter 40 is configured as an adaptive output digital filter that outputs output image information.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a main part of the image compression / Z expansion system 110 as one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image compression / decompression system 110 includes an input filter 30, a JPEG codec 50, a JPEG file processor 120, and an output filter 40.
  • the JPEG file processor 120 is connected to the external storage device 130.
  • the J PEG codec 50 is connected to a frame buffer 58.
  • the adaptive input digital filter 30 and the adaptive output digital filter 40 can be integrated in an actual circuit by, for example, integrally forming a digital signal processor (DSP) specialized in filter calculation.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • the JPEG file processor 120 can be realized by using a control program stored in the second memory 74 such as the ROM of the control device 60 or the hard disk 83.
  • the external storage device 130 is the MO drive 80 in FIG. 1, but is not limited to this, and includes any external storage device (DVD drive, CD-RW drive, etc.).
  • the adaptive input digital filter 30 includes a differential coefficient detection circuit 32, a subtractor 34, a one-pass filter 36, and a switch circuit 38.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram showing an exemplary configuration of the adaptive input digital filter 30.
  • the adaptive input digital filter 30 generates filter data and image data, outputs the filter data to the JPEG file processor 120, and outputs the image data to the JPEG codec 50.
  • the file data is finally written to the comment marker of the JPEG file, as described later.
  • the image data is finally generated as a compressed data string of a JPEG file.
  • the adaptive input digital filter 30 determines whether or not the input image information includes a rapidly changing portion for each 8 ⁇ 8 pixel area (this is referred to as a “block”). Only the low pass filter 36 has a function of passing through. In this embodiment, it is determined whether or not the image information changes abruptly based on the differential coefficient which is the rate of change of the image per unit distance.
  • the differential coefficient detection circuit 32 detects a differential coefficient of the input image information.
  • the derivative detection circuit 32 selects a point near the center of the block as a reference point, and finds (maximum value) and 1 (minimum value) for eight horizontal and eight vertical data points including that point, respectively. .
  • Images are typically converted to a digital image format called YCrCb.
  • Y represents the luminance component of the image
  • Cr and Cb represent the color components. Since color is represented in two dimensions, C r and C b represent two orthogonal coordinate axes. Thus, one image has three components, Y, Cr and Cb.
  • Derivative coefficient checks are performed on each of these three components in principle.
  • the human eye is most sensitive to luminance, so the differential coefficient check may be selectively performed only on the luminance component. In this way, the larger of the two values obtained is the maximum derivative.
  • the maximum size of the area is 4 ⁇ 4 pixels, which is a single size, in this embodiment, it is considered that there is almost no effect even if it is ignored.
  • the differential coefficient detection circuit 32 supplies the information of Di to the subtractor 34 and outputs the information of Bi to the switch circuit 38 (not shown in FIG. Control unit).
  • the subtractor 34 has two inputs and one output, and one input has a derivative D i (1 is a block number) of a target block of the input image information which is an output of the derivative detection circuit 32. Is supplied. A preset threshold value Ds is supplied to the other input. Any circuit known in the art can be used for the subtractor 34.
  • the output of the subtractor 34 is sent to the JPEG file processor 120 as filter data, and is also supplied to the low-pass filter 36.
  • the low-pass filter 36 can receive the input image information, and its operation is controlled by the output of the subtractor 34. That is, the low-pass filter 36 changes the filter coefficient according to the output (D i -D s) of the subtractor 34 so that the maximum value of the differential coefficient D i of the image information becomes D s. Therefore, if (D i -D s) is large, the mouth-pass filter 36 changes its filter coefficient to be large, and if (D i -D s) is small, it is changed to reduce its filter coefficient. I do.
  • the switch circuit 38 has a control unit (not shown).
  • the control unit obtains information of the differential coefficient detection circuit 32 and obtains a block B i (i is a block number) having a differential coefficient Di larger than the threshold value Ds. ) Is passed through a low-pass filter 36, and switching control is performed so that blocks B j (j ⁇ i) (j is the block number) that do not correspond to B i do not pass through the mouth-pass filter 36.
  • the image compression / decompression system 110 of the present embodiment determines the optimum Ds for each target image by simulation.
  • the JPEG codec 50 converts the image data as a JPEG file into a MO drive 80 and / or Sent to the screen drive 82. However, in the following description, it is assumed that the J PEG codec 50 transmits a J PEG file to the MO drive 80. When the JPEG codec 50 supplies output data to the hard disk drive 82, it is sufficient to simply replace the MO drive 80 with the hard disk drive 82.
  • the recording method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described as a part of the operation of the monitoring system 100.
  • the JPEG codec 50 uses a JPEG compression / decompression algorithm that performs sequential DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform: DiscrEteCosineTransformer) operation and Huffman code Z decoding.
  • the JPEG compression / decompression algorithm conforms to ISOZEC 1091 8-1 (JPEG standard), converts (compresses) still image data into a smaller amount of data, and converts it back to the original image data ( Decompression or decompression) algorithms are well known in the art.
  • the JPEG compression / decompression algorithm uses a compression / decompression rate set by a control program stored in a second memory 74 described later or specified by the user.
  • the J PEG codec 50 can be composed of, for example, MD2310 manufactured by Fuji Film Micro Devices. As described above, the present invention makes it possible to use the LSI for any JPEG codec that is currently widely used in the industry without any change in its specifications.
  • the JPEG codec 50 also has a function of controlling the frame buffer 58.
  • the image compression / expansion system 110 of the present invention uses the JPEG file processor 120 to extract comment marker information as described later. As a result, a JPEG codec having no information described in the comment marker is transmitted to the JPEG codec 50. Can be used in the JPEG codec 50 of the image compression / decompression system 110 of the present invention. As described above, since the LSI for the JPEG codec is not changed or newly manufactured, the cost of the system 110 is prevented from increasing.
  • the JP EG codec 50 is 0, as shown in FIG. It has a section 52 and a Nuffman encoding / decoding section 54 to compress the input image information and Can be stretched.
  • the DCT unit 52 receives the image data of the adaptive input digital filter 30, performs a DCT operation for each block, and the Huffman code Z decoding unit 54 expresses the result with as few bits as possible. As a result, compressed data is generated.
  • the compressed data generated at this time does not include information on which block the mouth-to-pass filter 36 has performed on which block.
  • the compressed data stream is transmitted to the JPEG file processor 120.
  • the JPEG codec 50 receives the JPEG file from which the comment marker information has been extracted and removed from the JPEG file processor 120 and decompresses it, as described later. The result is output to the adaptive output digital filter 40.
  • the frame buffer 58 can control the display position of each screen and perform scaling when displaying an image by dividing the monitor 84 into a plurality of screens. Also, the frame buffer 58 may be replaced by a strip buffer (memory for storing eight lines of image data). Although the frame buffer 58 has several other functions, it is a portion where digital image data is temporarily stored and then read out to the JPEG codec 50 in relation to the recording method of the present invention.
  • the JP EG file processor 120 has a master analysis unit 122.
  • the marker-analysis section 122 has a function of receiving filter data from the adaptive input digital filter 30 and receiving a compressed data string from the JPEG codec 50 to generate a JPEG file when compressing image information.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing an exemplary configuration of the JPEG file processor 120.
  • the marker-analysis unit 122 is capable of communicating with the external storage device 130, and is also capable of transmitting a JPEG file to and from another remote system via communication means such as a modem and a communication line (not shown). Can be sent and received.
  • the marker analysis unit 122 analyzes the comment mechanism of the received JPEG file, extracts the information, creates file data, and creates a comment marker.
  • the JPEG file with the extracted information is sent to the JPEG codec 50, and the file data is output to the adaptive output digital filter 4.
  • the J PEG file is composed of a compressed data string subjected to Huffman encoding and a marker that describes the attribute of the compressed data string and information necessary for decompression.
  • Markers include SOI marker, EOI marker, RSTm marker, frame header (S0F0, S0F1) marker, scan header (SOS) marker, quantization table definition (DQT) marker, Huffman table definition There are (DHT) marker, restart interval definition (DRI) marker, comment (COM) management, application (APPn) marker, image line number definition (DNL) marker and so on. Each marker is assigned its own information as defined in ISO / IEC 10918-1.
  • the JPEG file processor 120 writes, in a comment marker, information indicating which block the filter 41 has performed and how much filter processing has been performed.
  • the compression ratio is described in a quantization table definition (DQT) marker. Therefore, when the MO disk 81 on which such a JPEG file is recorded is used for the MO drive of another system, the JPEG codec of that system recognizes the decompression rate from the quantization table definition (DQT) marker. You can understand.
  • DQT quantization table definition
  • the ID information of the comment marker is written in the first two bytes, and the number of bytes of the comment marker is written in the next two bytes.
  • the use of the comment marker is a marker that can be freely set by the user, and usually includes a product name, company name, and other comments.
  • the format of the filter data added to the comment marker is as follows. Therefore, if the product name is written in advance, it will be added after that.
  • the data is in units of bytes, and each data is in the range of 0 to 255.
  • (0, 0) is a block address representing the upper left block
  • (10, 12) is a block address representing the 11th block from the left and the 13th block from the top.
  • the format of the filter data is as follows: the first byte is Ds, followed by a set of three bytes of data.
  • the JPEG file processor 120 of the present invention identifies data such as whether the data in the comment marker is filter data or mere comment by adding the following two data. One is to allocate a 2-byte area after D s and declare the number of data that follows in this area. The other is to add a byte of checksum after the last data. The checksum contains the lower 8 bits of the value obtained by subtracting 0 from the result of adding all the data for each byte from the beginning to the end of the filter data. Since the number of data is declared in the next two bytes of Ds, the total number of bytes of the filter data can be recognized.
  • the result of adding the data from the beginning to the end should be 0 as long as it follows the filter data format, and if it does not become 0, it means invalid file data or just a comment. If comments are to be inserted in addition to the filter data, the order should be determined so that comments are inserted after the filter data.
  • the JPEG file processor 120 checks the data in the comment marker on the assumption that the file data is included first, and recognizes the data as the filter data if the addition result of each byte data is 0. If there is data after that, the JPEG file processor 120 recognizes that these data are comments. If it is not 0, it is interpreted that there is only filter data without comment data.
  • JPEG file processor 120 When the JPEG file processor 120 writes necessary information to the comment marker in this manner, a JPEG file including a marker including the comment marker and a compressed data string representing image data is completed.
  • the JPEG file processor 120 of the present invention does not make any changes to the compressed data stream, so that it maintains compatibility with JPEG files that can be handled by the conventional JPEG codec (and JPEG decompressor). can do.
  • the JPEG file processor 120 converts the completed JPEG file into an external storage device 130 (for example, a removable memory such as a magneto-optical (MO) disk) and the JPEG file processor 120 as a control device 60. Can be stored in the hard disk drive 82 in the control device 60. Further, the JPEG file processor 120 can transfer the JPEG file to another computer or the like via a communication device such as a modem (not shown). Since the JPEG file is compressed by the JPEG codec 50, it can be transferred at a higher speed than the original image information is transferred as it is.
  • an external storage device 130 for example, a removable memory such as a magneto-optical (MO) disk
  • MO magneto-optical
  • the adaptive output digital filter 40 includes a filter data analysis circuit 42, an adder 44, a peaking filter 46, and a switch circuit 48.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing an exemplary configuration of the adaptive output digital filter 40.
  • the adaptive output digital filter 40 receives the filter data from the JPEG file processor 120, receives the image data composed of the decompressed compressed data sequence from the JPEG codec 50, and outputs the resulting image information. I do. Such image information is provided for subsequent reproduction of the image.
  • the adaptive output digital filter 40 passes the peaking filter 46 for the block that has passed through the mouth-to-pass filter 36 and performs filter processing based on the filter data, and outputs the block that has not passed the mouth-to-pass filter 36 as it is. It has a function to do.
  • the image compression / decompression system 110 preferably has an adaptive output digital filter 40. Circuit configuration Thus, the mosquito noise can be reduced. This is because the low-pass filter 36 has already reduced the mosquito noise, and the peaking filter 46 is provided to restore the image contour blur caused by the mouth-pass filter 36. However, since the blur of the image outline has less of an effect on the human eye as compared with the mosquito noise, the image compression Z decompression system 110 without the output filter 40 also has a sufficient effect of the invention. Things. It is understood that such an effect becomes a problem when, for example, a JPEG file generated by the image compression / decompression system 110 of the present invention is transferred to a conventional system including only a JPEG codec and reproduced. Will.
  • the filter data analysis circuit 42 recognizes the block Bi passed through the low-pass filter 36, the threshold value Ds, and the difference between the differential coefficient Di of Bi and the threshold value Ds.
  • the filter data analysis circuit 42 transmits the information of Bi to the switch circuit 48, and transmits the difference information to the adder 44.
  • the adder 44 adds D s to the difference sent from the filter data analysis circuit 42 to reproduce Di, and transmits this information to the peaking filter 46.
  • Ds used by the adder 44 may not always be the same as Ds stored in the input filter 30.
  • Image data expanded from the JPEG codec 50 is input to the peaking filter 46, and its operation is controlled by the output of the adder 44. That is, the peaking filter 46 changes the filter coefficient according to the output Di of the adder 44 so that the original image is restored by performing the filtering process reverse to the one-pass filter 36. Therefore, if D i is large, the peaking filter 46 changes its filter coefficient to be large, and if D i is small, it changes its filter coefficient to be small. As described above, the blurring of the image contour caused by the low-pass filter 36 is eliminated by the peaking filter 46, and the original image can be reproduced more faithfully.
  • the switch circuit 48 has a control unit (not shown).
  • the control unit obtains the result of the filter data analysis circuit 42 and obtains a block B i ( ⁇ is a block having a differential coefficient D i larger than the threshold value D s). Number) passed through the peaking filter 4 6 Then, switching control is performed so that blocks B j (j ⁇ i) (j is a block number) that do not correspond to B i do not pass through the peaking filter 46.
  • the image compression and decompression system 110 is embodied as a part of the monitoring system 100.
  • the adaptive input digital filter 30 and the adaptive output data The digital filter 40 is collectively constituted by one DSP 20, and the JPEG file processor 120 is constituted by a control program stored in the second memory 74 of the control device 60.
  • the control program also controls other components connected to the control device 60.
  • the control device 60 includes a PCI bus 62 as an expansion board, a first interface 64, a second interface 66, a third interface 68, a CPU 70, a first memory 72, 2, a memory 74, a switch circuit 75, a communication unit 76, and a clock 78.
  • a bridge circuit as an interface is inserted between the CPU 70 and the PC I bus 62.
  • the PCI bus 62 includes first to third interfaces 64 to 68, a JPEG codec 50, a first memory 72, a second memory 74, a switch circuit 75, a communication unit 76 Etc. are connected. In addition, it does not prevent providing a USB bus, an ISA bus, or other buses in addition to or instead of the PCI bus 62.
  • the first interface 64 communicates with the alarm 12.
  • the second interface 66 communicates with the MO drive 80 and may comprise, for example, an SCS I interface.
  • the third interface 68 communicates with the hard disk drive 82, and may comprise, for example, an IDE interface. Any of the interfaces 64 to 68 may have any structure known in the art, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • MO drive 80 can be replaced with any other type of removable memory drive (for example, a CD-RW drive or a super disk drive).
  • the CPU 70, the first and second memories 72 and 74, and the clock 78 are used to execute a recording method as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention as described later.
  • the first memory 72 and the second memory 74 may be considered as one main memory.
  • the first memory 72 is composed of, for example, a volatile memory such as a DRAM or an SRAM.
  • the first memory 72 includes the hard disk 83 and Z or the second memory
  • the control program stored in 74 is loaded.
  • the first memory 72 can temporarily store the JPEG file that has been converted Ri by the compressed data strings and / / or CPU 70 transmitted from J PEG codec 50.
  • the second memory 74 stores a control program (application program) for controlling each unit, and is formed of, for example, a flash ROM in which necessary BIOS data is stored.
  • the second memory 74 is a hard disk drive
  • control program 82 may be a part of the hard disk 83. More specifically, the control program stores a hard logic controller that controls the JPEG codec 50, a user interface, a disk access, and the like.
  • An application program for implementing the recording method as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be created by any known development tool such as Visual C ++, Borland C ++, etc. .
  • the CPU 70 controls each unit based on system parameters and a control program, as will be described later in detail.
  • the CPU 70 is merely an example of a control unit including an MPU and the like.
  • the switch circuit 75 determines whether the compressed stream data from the JPEG codec 50 is supplied to the MO drive 80 or the hard disk drive 82.
  • the clock 78 can detect and display the time and / or period, and is used for control by the CPU 70 as described later.
  • the clock 78 is illustrated as a clock built into the controller 60 (for example, an internal electronic clock of a general-purpose personal computer), but the clock 78 is external to the controller 60. You may.
  • Such a continuous recording system has achieved cost reductions compared to the conventional system by reducing the number of MO drives required from two to one. Further, as described above, since the continuous recording system can be constituted by one personal computer, space saving of the system is achieved. The operation of the continuous recording system will be described as a part of the operation of the monitoring system 100.
  • the hard disk 83 of the hard disk drive 82 stores, for example, system parameters of the monitoring system 100.
  • the system parameters are the image compression ratio used by the JPEG codec 50, the recording time set when an alarm signal is received from the alarm 12, the switching order of the monitoring camera 10 by the selector 14, and the switching interval. This refers to the operating environment, such as the recording interval of one frame, the interval of video capture, etc.
  • the system parameters can be changed individually by the user when these operating environments need to be changed.
  • the communication unit 76 is composed of, for example, a modem and is connected to a communication line such as the Internet using a telephone line, commercial online (such as America Online) and _ or a dedicated line. Since the communication line is also connected to a maker of the recording method of the present invention, which will be described later, the user can use, for example, a recording method as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention via an Internet provider or the like. Update service.
  • the operation of the monitoring system 100 will be described.
  • the power supply (not shown) of the control device 60 of the monitoring system 100 is turned on, the abbreviated program stored in the second memory 74 is automatically executed by the OS to execute the necessary program.
  • First memory 72 is loaded.
  • the sensor detects the suspicious person and an alarm signal is sent to the interface 64 connected to the PCI bus 62 of the control device 60.
  • the control program stored in the second memory 74 of the controller 60 controls the selector 14 to select the video camera 10 close to the suspicious person so as to identify the suspicious person. Try.
  • the selector 14 can give information about the location of the suspicious person to the video camera 10 and change and adjust the direction and focus of the lens.
  • the image captured by the video camera 10 is, for example, 240 pixels vertically (image Elementary) A rectangular shape consisting of 720 pixels in X width is represented as a series of multiple frames in time series.
  • the power of the video camera 10 is always set to ON, but the recording of the image is set to be started by an alarm signal.
  • the event image is always continuous, or when the timer (not shown) reaches the specified appointment time (for example, from 6 pm when working hours end). May be started. Alternatively, it can be manually operated by pressing the recording button. In any case, it is necessary to replace the MO disk 81 of the MO drive 80. It will be understood that when a recording medium having a smaller storage capacity than the MO disk 81 such as a super disk drive is used instead of the MO drive 80, the continuous recordable time is further reduced.
  • Information from the video camera 10 is input to the video decoder 16 while the camera and the information correspond to each other by the selector 14.
  • the analog composite signal transmitted from the video camera 10 is converted into a digital image by the video decoder 16 and sent to the adaptive input digital filter 30 of the DSP 20.
  • the user operates the DSP 20 or the control device 60 to store the desired threshold value Ds in the adaptive input digital filter 30.
  • the adaptive input digital filter 30 checks the differential coefficient of the input digital image in the differential coefficient detection circuit 32 to determine whether to pass through the low-pass filter 36. Then, 8 1 and 13 3 and - transmitting the (D i D s) CPU 7 0 of the control device 6 0 via the PCI bus 6 2 as the filter data information. Also, the switch circuit 38 outputs B i via the mouth-pass filter 36 and B j as it is, and transmits these to the JPEG codec 50 as image data. However, the JPEG codec 50 cannot be captured internally unless the CPU 70 receives a capture command issued based on the control program.
  • the monitoring system 100 as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can use several recording methods, each alone or in combination.
  • a recording method extends the recording time by deleting duplicate data among the recorded data. It includes an extended recording method and a continuous recording method to avoid data loss due to replacement.
  • the present invention also proposes a detailed recording method for increasing the density of recording data for a certain period of time before the generation of an alarm signal even when the extended recording method is employed.
  • the control device 60 as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can set at least two types of the normal recording mode and the extended recording mode.
  • the “normal recording mode” refers to a mode in which the monitoring system 10 records data at the maximum density that can be recorded (determined by the video capture interval or the number of frames), and the “extended recording mode” This mode records data at a lower density than the normal recording mode.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable, for example, in a case where the replacement of the MO disk 81 is delayed and a part (preferably all) of the image information of the delayed time is to be recorded.
  • the monitoring system 100 may allow intermittent recording of the subject instead of continuous recording in its use.
  • the recording time of continuous recording is generally shorter in the digital recording / reproducing apparatus of the surveillance camera than in the analog timelabs VTR, efficient recording of the subject is required in order to extend the recording time as a whole. For this reason, the extended recording method is not important and records the information of the duplicated subject omitting it.
  • the recording method of the present embodiment reduces the number of frames of image data per unit time recorded on the MO disk 81, thereby reducing the amount of data recorded on the MO disk 81. They try to extend the time recorded.
  • continuous image data contains almost the same information in a very short time, so that the omission (decimation) does not significantly affect the quality of the obtained information. It uses facts. Therefore, the recording time is prolonged as a whole, although image data is lost for a short time.
  • Whether to use the recording method of this embodiment is controlled to be a user option.
  • Program can be set.
  • the user can use the recording method of the present embodiment from the beginning of recording or from, for example, 30 minutes before the exchange of the MO disk 81, judging from the importance of the image data.
  • the image data may be very important, for example, regarding a criminal's face that may appear on the camera 10 for a moment.
  • it is not preferable to thin out the image data from the beginning but it is also not preferable that not all the image data be obtained if the MO disk 81 is forgotten to be replaced. Therefore, in this case, at the beginning of recording, continuous recording is performed in the normal recording mode without skipping in order to prevent missing of information, and the extended recording mode of this embodiment is used 30 minutes before the exchange of the MO disk 81. can do.
  • the recording method according to the present embodiment can be executed by a plurality of methods including the following four methods.
  • the recording method of the present embodiment is not limited to these methods as long as the effect of reducing the number of recording frames per unit time and the effect of reducing the amount of recording data per unit time are achieved.
  • the user may set in advance whether or not to use the methods of (a) and (b), or CPU 70 may be set by default. These methods can also be used in combination.
  • the first method is to reduce the number of frames per unit time by controlling the generation of a fetch instruction.
  • FIG. 6 is a timing chart for schematically explaining the relationship between the fetch instruction and the image data in the recording method as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the capture command TC is indicated by the ON and OFF states
  • the ON state represents the state where the capture command TC has been issued
  • the OFF state represents the state where the capture command TC has not been issued.
  • the JPEG codec 50 can capture the image data ID (digital data) from the input filter 30 only when the capture command TC is executed.
  • the JPEG codec 50 when the CPU 70 sends the fetch instruction TC to the JPEG codec 50 at time 0, the JPEG codec 50 continuously starts from time ⁇ .
  • Import image data ID (that is, without interruption in time series). All of the captured image data IDs are continuously recorded on the MO disk 81 as described later.
  • the image data ID is recorded on the MO disk 81 with a storage capacity of Cr (bytes) at a rate of n (frames / second) at an image of Pn (one frame).
  • the time T1 during which continuous recording is possible is given by Equation 1 (unit is seconds).
  • disk 81 can record image data. In other words, it means that no image data after time # 1 will be recorded unless the disk 81 is replaced.
  • the first method is to thin out data on a frame-by-frame basis.
  • the CPU 70 can freely set the on / off cycle of the fetch instruction such as tl, (t2-t1) s (t3-t2), (t4-t3) based on the initial setting or the setting by the user. Can be set.
  • the image data I 1, I 3, etc. are recorded on the MO disk 81 when the capture command TC is ON, as described later, the image data I 1, I 3, etc. are continuously (that is, immediately after the end of the image data I 1).
  • the image data I3 is recorded at the start).
  • the image data ID is stored on the MO disk 81 with the storage capacity C r (bytes) until the remaining unrecorded storage capacity becomes C a (bytes). If you record an image at n (frames / second) and then record at m (frames / second) with a reduced number of frames, the MO disk 81
  • the time T 2 during which 8 1 can be continuously recorded is given by Equation 2. This means that if recording is started at time 0, until time ⁇ 2, the disk 81 can record image data. Also, — 2—T 1 is given by Equation 3. Given.
  • the disc 81 can record image data in a time zone ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1 that could not be recorded at all in the past. Since the storage capacity Cr of the disk 81 has not changed, T2-T1 is equivalent to the total thinning time of the image data.
  • the control device 60 of the present invention can change the on / off cycle of the capture command, for example, the image of one frame P n (byte) can be changed to n (frame seconds), m (frame seconds),
  • the recording time may be extended by recording at a gradually decreasing recording density such as I (comanosecond), k (comanosecond), etc. (n> m> l> k, etc.).
  • the second method is to thin out the image data when the input filter 30 takes in the image data from the video decoder 16 and the Z or JPEG codec 50 takes in the image data from the input filter 30.
  • image data consisting of 240 pixels vertically x 720 pixels horizontally (equivalent to 345,600 bytes if 2 bytes per pixel are required).
  • JPEG codec 50 captures from the input filter 30 in accordance with the capture command shown in Fig. 6, if the vertical and horizontal widths are reduced by 1 pixel, the vertical and horizontal widths are each reduced by half.
  • Image data (corresponding to 86,400 bytes) representing a rectangular image consisting of is recorded. It is understood that the recording time on the MO disk 81 is extended because the required number of recording bytes is reduced.
  • the second method thins out data on a pixel-by-pixel basis.
  • the JPEG codec 50 used in the present invention has a function of thinning out the image data from the input filter 30 by a desired amount according to an instruction from the CPU 70, and the thinning amount is determined by the CPU 70 of the control device 60. It can be set based on the control program.
  • the present invention simplifies the configuration in that there is no need to provide an independent thinning device. Has advantages. However, the present invention does not exclude the provision of an independent thinning device. If an independent decimation device is provided, especially when using an image compression / decompression device other than the JPEG codec and the image compression / decompression device does not have a function to decimate the image data It is valid.
  • the JPEG codec 50 selects image data to be read from the frame buffer 58.
  • the JPEG codec 50 captures the image data transmitted from the input filter 30 according to the capture command shown in FIG. 2, and immediately converts the image data without performing the JPEG compression / decompression algorithm. Temporarily store in frame buffer 58.
  • the JPEG codec 50 reads the image data from the frame buffer 58 based on a read command from the CPU 70. It will be understood that if the read command from the CPU 70 has a similar shape to the capture command shown in the lower part of FIG. 2, it has the same effect as the capture command shown in the lower part of FIG.
  • the third method thins out data in frame units.
  • the CPU 70 can control the read command based on the control command as in the first method.
  • IV-4 Recording Based on Capture Control of Data from Frame Buffer 58
  • a powerful method is to thin out image data read from the frame buffer 58 by the JPEG codec 50 in the same manner as the second method. It will be understood that this can achieve the same effect as the second method. Therefore, the fourth method thins out data on a pixel-by-pixel basis.
  • CPU70 is based on control instructions! The point that the thinning amount can be controlled is the same as in the second method.
  • the JPEG codec 50 obtains the image data, performs the DCT operation, performs the Huffman encoding, and transmits the compressed data sequence to the CPU 70 of the control device 60 via the PCI bus 62.
  • the general operation of the J PEG codec 50 is well known from the above-described MD2310 and the like, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
  • An alternative recording method in this embodiment is the compression method used for the JPEG compression / decompression algorithm. By setting the compression ratio higher than the compression ratio that has been conventionally performed (that is, in the normal recording mode), the amount of data recorded on the MO disk 81 is reduced, thereby shortening the time recorded on the MO disk 81. Is to extend. For example, the compression ratio is 1
  • the CPU 70 can freely set the compression ratio based on the system parameters stored in the hard disk 83. Whether the recording method of the present embodiment is adopted or whether the recording method of the present embodiment is combined with the recording method of the first embodiment can be determined by a user option.
  • a sequential DCT operation is a method in which a point in image data and another point in close proximity to the point are regarded as identical or very similar, and a scalar quantity representing a point in the image is Fourier-transformed. If the power spectrum is converted to the power spectrum on the frequency axis, the power spectrum above a certain frequency is regarded as almost zero. Since cutting off the data by considering it as 0 corresponds to compression, when the data sequence compressed by the sequential DCT operation is decompressed, the original image is not completely reproduced and includes loss. The higher the compression ratio, the greater the loss.
  • the CPU 70 writes the information of the file data in the comment marker, generates a JPEG file together with the compressed data string, and temporarily stores this in the first memory 72. Thereafter, the CPU 70 transfers the J PEG file from the first memory 72 to the MO drive 80, and records the J PEG file on the MO disk 81. Alternatively, the controller 60 can transmit this to another system via a communication line with a modem (not shown) connected to the PCI bus 62. These operations are controlled by the above-mentioned control program. At the same time, the CPU 70 obtains the information of the recording start time and the current time from the clock 78 by using the abbreviated program loaded in the first memory 72, and obtains the remaining time of the MO disk 81 that can be stored. (And Z or remaining recordable capacity).
  • the CPU 70 asks the user whether to change the recording mode and obtains information on whether the user wants to change the recording mode and, if so, when to start the extended recording. Can be stored in the second memory 74 or the hard disk 83. Therefore, before starting recording, the CPU 70 loads the first memory 72 with the information to determine whether the user has selected to change the recording mode (step 1002).
  • the CPU 70 asks the user the above question 35 minutes before the storage capacity of the MO disk 81 becomes exhausted, and automatically changes it to 30 minutes unless the user actively refuses. It is also possible to operate to shift to the extended recording mode from before.
  • the control device 22 is represented by a general-purpose personal computer having input means such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a joystick, the user selects a recording method as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention through the input means. Enter whether or not. Since the structure of the powerful input means is well known, detailed description is omitted here.
  • the CPU 70 records the JPEG file on the MO disk 81 in the normal recording mode.
  • the JPEG codec 50 creates a JPEG file using conventional compression ratios based on the capture instructions (and similar read instructions) shown in Figure 2 above.
  • the CPU 70 knows the remaining storage capacity of the MO disk 81, it can be used 10 minutes before the capacity runs out (or 10 minutes before, 5 minutes before, etc.).
  • the user is prompted to prepare for replacement of the MO disk 81 using alarms, indicators, sounds, or images interrupted to the monitor 84. If the control device 60 includes two MO drives 80, the user must insert the MO disk 81 into the other MO drive 80.
  • the CPU 70 determines in step 1002 that the change of the recording mode has been selected, the CPU 70 shifts to the extended recording mode at the set time (steps 106 and 1008).
  • the extended recording mode a JPEG file is recorded on the MO disk 81 in accordance with one of the recording methods of the first and second embodiments or a combination thereof. Recording methods can also be combined to a degree of extension.
  • the number of recording frames per unit time is n, m, and k PT / JP99 / 0S922
  • the set time of the extended recording mode is the time automatically set by the user or the CPU 70 by default (for example, 10 minutes before the capacity of the MO disk 81 is exhausted). 70 uses the clock 78 to determine whether the current time corresponds to the set time. Recording is performed in the normal recording mode until the set time (step 1004). When the extended recording mode of step 100 is completed, the process from step 1002 is repeated for the new MO disk 81 that has been replaced.
  • the present inventors have intensively studied such an intermittent recording method.
  • This intermittent recording method records the subject image at a fixed time interval or the number of frames per unit time defined in advance by the user, regardless of the presence or absence of an alarm signal transmitted from the alarm 12 indicating the occurrence of an incident. is there.
  • Such a recording method has a disadvantage that information recorded after the occurrence of the incident is insufficient because information after the occurrence of the alarm signal is handled in the same manner as information before the occurrence of the alarm signal.
  • the present inventors examined an extended recording mode in which the alarm recording is started by using an alarm signal as a trigger.
  • the mode shifts to the normal recording mode (step 104) (or data is written at a higher density than in the extended recording mode).
  • the mode shifts to the recording mode), and the extended recording mode is adopted until the alarm signal is transmitted (step 1008).
  • the powerful recording method simulates the occurrence of an alarm signal as the occurrence of an incident, and starts intermittent recording with the alarm signal as a trigger. This has the advantage of improving the drawbacks associated with the intermittent recording method described above.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the recording method of the present invention executed by the CPU 70 of the monitoring system 100 shown in FIG.
  • data to be monitored is input from the monitoring power camera 10 to the JPEG codec 50 via the video decoder 16.
  • the output of the JPEG codec 50 is temporarily supplied to the first memory 72, is delayed and converted into a JPEG file by the CPU 70, and is then transferred from the first memory 72 to the MO drive 80.
  • the hard disk drive 82 or both it is assumed that data is supplied from the first memory 72 to the MO drive 80 for convenience. When supplying the output of the first memory 72 to the hard disk drive 82, it is sufficient to simply replace the MO drive 80 with the hard disk drive 82.
  • the first memory 72 temporarily stores the compressed data sequence transmitted from the JPEG codec 50 in order to delay it. Further, as described later, the compressed data string stored in the first memory 72 includes an information amount larger than the information amount recorded on the MO disk 81. As a result, the data temporarily stored in the first memory 72 is sorted, edited, etc., based on the delay time (time margin) transferred from the first memory 72 to the MO drive 80. Part or all can be transferred to MO drive 80.
  • Such records The method is applied as shown in Figure 8, after the control unit 60 of the monitoring system is turned on, until the alarm signal from the alarm 12 is input to the control unit 60. It has an extended recording mode and a detailed recording mode that is started after an alarm signal is input to the control device 22 (step 1102).
  • the recording mode can be switched by a user of the control device 60 via an input device such as an operation panel (not shown), a keyboard, and a mouse (that is, the CPU 70 can be switched independently of the alarm signal).
  • an input device such as an operation panel (not shown), a keyboard, and a mouse (that is, the CPU 70 can be switched independently of the alarm signal).
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the normal recording mode of the recording method as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the CPU 70 ends the normal recording mode and executes the detailed recording mode. Each part is controlled so that it shifts to the mode.
  • the interrupt control any of those well known in the art can be used, and therefore, detailed description is omitted here.
  • the normal extended recording mode is a recording mode adopted by the monitoring system 100 until the alarm signal is supplied from the alarm 12 to the control device 60, and any of the continuous recording modes described above can be adopted. Although it is possible, it should be noted that in the flowchart shown in FIG. 9, data is delayed especially in the first memory 72. More specifically, the normal extended recording mode is, for example, when the surveillance camera 10 is monitoring a subject under an incident-free condition, when a timer (not shown) reaches a predetermined reservation time. (For example, from 6:00 pm when working hours end.) In the case of scheduled recording that starts recording from the beginning, when the recording that responds to the alarm signal is on standby, the first This is used when recording from memory 72 to MO disk 81.
  • the surveillance camera 10 monitors the object to be monitored (subject image), and the video time when the monitoring information is taken into the first memory 72 via the JPEG codec 50
  • the number of frames F r per interval or unit time is The data is set to be equal to or less than the recording time interval set by the user or to be equal to or more than the number of frames per unit time Fu, which is used when data output from the memory 72 is recorded on the MO disk 81 (step 2002).
  • This relationship F r ⁇ Fu is reversed when compared at time intervals.
  • the relationship is written in the control program or system parameter by the manufacturer and stored in the second memory 74 or the hard disk 83.
  • the present invention is not intended to exclude user changes and settings.
  • the JP EG codec 50 captures digital image data from the video decoder 16, the video time interval or the number of frames per unit time, and the first memory 72 stores the digital image data from the JPEG codec 50.
  • the video time interval or the number of frames per unit time for capturing the compressed data sequence is set to Fr equally, the present invention does not exclude the difference between the two. In that case, Fr represents the video time interval or the number of frames per unit time in which the first memory 72 takes in digital image data from the JPEG codec 50.
  • Fr is preferably set to be equal to the shortest time interval in which the monitoring system 100 can record or the maximum number of frames Fm per unit time. This makes it possible to avoid missing the data of the subject image.
  • the CPU 70 stores the digital image data from the JPEG codec 21 in the first memory 72 (step 2004). .
  • the CPU 70 determines that the first memory 72 becomes full (step 2004)
  • the first memory 72 Then, the digital image data is recorded on the MO disk 81, which is a storage medium, in FU (for example, 10 frames and Z seconds) in the oldest order (step 206).
  • the digital image data recorded on the MO disk 81 of the MO drive 80 from the first memory 72 is decimated in 20 frames Z seconds.
  • Step 206 also includes the case where the number of recording frames per unit time is set to zero. In this case, no data is recorded on the MO disk 81 in the normal extended recording mode, and the digital image data is temporarily held for a period corresponding to the storage capacity of the first memory 72. Only be done.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the detailed recording mode of the recording method as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the detailed recording mode is a recording mode adopted by the monitoring system 100 after the alarm signal is supplied from the alarm 12 to the control device 60, as described above.
  • the alarm 12 generates, for example, an alarm signal in response to a detection signal of a sensor (not shown) that detects that a suspicious person has entered the monitored area.
  • the alarm 12 sends an alarm signal to the interface 64 connected to the PCI bus 62 of the controller 60.
  • the CPU 70 of the control device 60 recognizes the alarm signal.
  • the detailed recording mode is a recording mode adopted when an incident such as a criminal act occurs.
  • the CPU 70 controls the selector 14 to monitor the selector close to the suspicious individual. Attempt to select the sight mera 10 to identify the suspicious individual. Alternatively, the selector 14 may give information on the location of the suspicious person to the surveillance camera 10 to change and adjust the direction and focus of the lens.
  • the image captured by the surveillance camera is expressed, for example, as a plurality of continuous frames in time series in a rectangular shape consisting of 240 pixels vertically (pixels) and 720 pixels horizontally.
  • the information from the surveillance camera 10 is input to the video decoder 16 by the selector 14 while the camera and the information correspond to each other.
  • the analog composite signal transmitted from the surveillance camera 10 is converted into digital image data by the video decoder 16 and input to the JPEG codec 50.
  • the capture of image data by the JPEG codec 50 can be controlled by the CPU 70 based on a control program or system parameters.
  • the detailed recording mode also uses steps 200 and 206 described above, but step 200 is replaced by step 208.
  • Step 2008 performs at least two actions. Although these operations are preferably performed simultaneously, the present invention covers a case where either operation is performed alternatively. Further, these operations can be similarly applied even when the number of recording frames per unit time is set to 0 in the normal extended recording mode.
  • step 2008 digital image data for a predetermined time before the occurrence of an alarm signal recorded in the first memory 72 is written to the MO disk 81 collectively.
  • the digital image data is temporarily stored in the first memory 72 from the JPEG codec 50, and then stored in the first memory 72. Output from 72 to MO drive 80. Therefore, the first memory 72 can function as a buffer and delay the recording of digital image data on the M ⁇ disk 81. As a result, it is possible to record data before an alarm signal which cannot be recorded conventionally.
  • the suspicious person has already entered the monitored area when the alarm signal is generated.
  • the criminal act of doing has ended.
  • the first method of the intermittent video recording method in which recording is started with an alarm signal as a trigger cannot capture an image of a suspicious person performing a criminal act.
  • data for a predetermined time before an alarm signal is generated can also be recorded. For example, when a suspicious person destroys a window or the like and tries to invade a criminal act, You can capture the moment.
  • the predetermined time before the generation of the alarm signal depends on the storage capacity of the first memory 72. For example, if the first memory 72 can store 600 frames of digital image data, the predetermined time is a delay time of data corresponding to 600 frames (for example, 20 seconds). ). Therefore, in this case, the digital image data of the maximum past 20 seconds before the alarm signal is generated is written to the MO disk 81. Since the maximum past is 20 seconds, the user can select and set an arbitrary period within 20 seconds. It will be appreciated that the predetermined time can be adjusted by increasing the capacity of the first memory 72.
  • step 206 digital image data is recorded from the first memory 72 to the MO disk 81 in Fu, so that the data is thinned out.
  • step 208 shown in FIG. 10 is to increase the data recording density in consideration of the fact that the image data after the generation of the alarm signal is more important than before the generation of the alarm signal. This prevents information from being missed.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a recording method according to the present invention with respect to time.
  • FIG. 11 shows the effect of the recording method of the present invention not by the number of frames but by the recording time, a person skilled in the art can easily substitute the number of frames from the disclosure of the present application.
  • Time interval. T 0 is the time when the control device 22 receives the alarm signal from the alarm 12.
  • the control device 60 can know the incident occurrence time ⁇ 0, for example, from a clock 78.
  • Ta is a video recording time after detection of an alarm signal set by a user corresponding to Fu 'described above.
  • Tb is the video recording time immediately before the detection of the alarm signal set by the user up to Tm.
  • Tm is the longest video recording time in the past that can be recorded in the first memory 72 (for example, corresponding to the above-described 20 seconds).
  • Tc is a video recording time interval set by the user, and in the context of the method of the present invention, Tc is a video recording time before detecting an alarm signal corresponding to Fu.
  • Case (B) shows an extended recording method that always or starts from a predetermined set time, and the subject image is recorded intermittently and constantly at time Tc regardless of the presence or absence of the alarm signal.
  • the time T 0 scratches be recorded before and after the video also, a large spill takes the information necessary for the recording density of the time T 0 after the video is rough It will be appreciated. .
  • the recording is performed in the extended recording mode before the alarm signal is generated, and after the alarm signal is generated, the recording time Tc is changed to a fixed time T a (sec) that can be set by the user, and the recording is performed in the dense recording mode or The mode has shifted to the normal recording mode. Therefore, the recording method of the case (C), the alarm signal after the generation is capable of monitoring system 100 records the video recording the shortest possible time intervals, compared to the time T 0 after the case (B) Can be minimized. Before the alarm signal is generated, a fixed time interval ⁇ . There is a high possibility that the decisive moment cannot be recorded because it is recorded in the.
  • the recording method of this embodiment corresponds to case (A). Images captured by the surveillance camera 10 are always stored in the first memory 72 at the shortest time interval ⁇ (sec) that can be recorded by the surveillance system 10. The digital image data is recorded on the MO disk 81 at fixed time intervals Tc (sec) set by the user before the generation of the alarm signal (ie, the normal extended recording mode). And power, and the control device 60 based on the time T 0 that receives No. alarm signal, automatically recording the video recording interval T c in which user images from _Tb + to Ta (sec) is set in advance The interval is changed to ⁇ (sec), and all data is recorded on the MO disk 81 (detailed recording mode).
  • Ta + Tb corresponds to Tm.
  • FIG. 5 does not show the recording density after time T 0 + T a, it is preferable that the recording density be higher than T c, and more preferable that the recording interval ⁇ be used instead of recording the subject intermittently. It is preferable to continue recording on the MO disk 81 without fail for ⁇ (sec).
  • the recording mode is divided into a normal extended recording mode and a detailed recording mode according to the presence or absence of an alarm signal.
  • the recording mode is further divided according to a plurality of alarm signals and other multi-stage warning information.
  • the detailed recording mode can be divided into multiple stages.
  • the control program can be set so that the CPU 70 adopts the detailed recording mode by a user option or by default.
  • the normal extended recording mode is set during working hours or when a guard monitors a monitor 84 described later in real time, and the detailed recording mode is set otherwise.
  • the compression rate used for the JPEG compression / decompression algorithm is set lower than the compression rate which has been conventionally performed normally (that is, in the normal extended recording mode). Then, the amount of information recorded on the MO disk 81 is to be increased. For example, change the compression ratio from 1/20 in the past to 1/15 in the compression ratio. As a result, it is possible to prevent information from being lost after the incident has occurred.
  • the compression ratio can be freely set by the CPU 72 based on the control program as described above.
  • the step of setting the compression ratio lower than that in the normal extended recording mode is arranged as step 2001, for example, before step 2002 shown in FIG. Step 2001, 2002, 2004
  • the flow composed of 006 and 206 may be set to the detailed recording mode.
  • step 201 is placed before step 200 shown in FIG. 10 and consists of steps 201, 202, 204, and 208.
  • the flow can be used as a detailed record mode.
  • the recording method of this embodiment prevents data loss by lowering the compression ratio.
  • Sequential DCT operation is a method in which a point in image data and another point in close proximity to that point are considered to be the same or very similar, and a scalar representing the point in the image is Fourier transformed. If the power spectrum is converted to the power spectrum on the frequency axis, the power spectrum above a certain frequency is regarded as almost zero. Since cutting off the data by considering it as 0 corresponds to compression, when the data sequence compressed by the sequential DCT operation is decompressed, the original image is not completely reproduced and includes loss. The loss generally decreases as the compression ratio decreases.
  • the recording mode and / or the compression ratio are changed by the alarm signal.
  • the trigger signal is the alarm signal. It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the first memory 72 performs the delay of the digital image data, but the same delay function can be performed by other members (frame buffer or other buffer members). Not even.
  • the CPU 70 obtains the compressed sequence data from the JPEG codec 50, creates a JPEG file, temporarily stores it in the first memory 2, and then transfers it to the MO drive 80 for recording.
  • the control program stored in the second memory 74 performs recording control according to the control procedure of FIG. 12 or FIG.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a control flowchart regarding continuous recording executed by the CPU 70.
  • the transfer rate of the JPEG file is T i (byt eZs ec)
  • the storage capacity of each MO disk 81 is C r (byte)
  • the transfer rate of the MO drive 24 is T r (byte / byte). sec).
  • the storage capacity of the hard disk 83 is C a (byte)
  • the transfer rate of the hard disk drive 82 is T a (byte / sec).
  • the “transfer rate” in this embodiment is an average transfer rate including overhead such as command issuance, positioning, and rotation waiting time. Further, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the following equation is satisfied.
  • the JPEG file is stored in the second memory so that it can be recorded on the MO disk 81.
  • the stored control program controls the switch circuit 75, the second interface 66 and the MO drive 80 (step 1202).
  • a step of determining whether or not an alarm signal has been received is arranged before the dirt in FIG. Now, let's call this state "Phase 1".
  • phase 1 the data stream of the JPEG file is input to the MO drive 80 via the second interface 66 continuously at the transfer rate T i (by te / sec). Assuming that the remaining storage capacity of the MO disk 81 is C rr (by t e), a J PEG file can be recorded for the time t 1 (s e c) until the MO disk 81 is saturated.
  • t l is defined by the following equation.
  • the control program controls each unit so that the switch circuit 75 switches the input destination of the JPEG file from the MO drive 80 to the hard disk drive 82 (step 1204). .
  • the rest of this is referred to as “Phase 2”.
  • the CPU 70 provides the user with a monitor 84 and other display devices (not shown) and / or speakers (not shown).
  • the user is prompted to replace the MO disk 81 (step 1 206).
  • the control program expects tc (sec) as the time for the user to change the MO disk 81 (step 1208).
  • control program switches the input destination of the JPEG file from the hard disk drive 82 to the MO drive 80 again, and the data from the hard disk drive 82 to the MO drive 80. Also secure a pass (step 1 210).
  • the MO disk 81 stores both the JPEG file transferred from the first memory 72 and the data stored in the hard disk 83 when the disk is replaced.
  • data from the JPEG codec 2 and data from the hard disk drive 26 are alternately input to the MO disk 81 one byte or a desired byte at a time.
  • the control program can determine in advance how many bytes to input alternately.
  • the capacity C t (by t e) stored in the hard disk drive at the time of disk replacement is expressed by the following equation.
  • the transfer rate Tc from the hard disk drive 82 to the MO drive 80 is given by the following equation.
  • the maximum value of the block 0: 1113 x (byte / sec) is determined by the transfer rate of the MO drive 80.
  • the minimum value Tcmin (byte / sec) is regulated on condition that data stored in the hard disk 83 must be copied before the MO disk 81 becomes full at the time of disk replacement.
  • Expression 12 does not indicate the limit value that can be realized by this control method, but the hard disk drive 82 needs to satisfy Expression 13 below.
  • the input data string of the JPEG file recorded on the MO disk 81 is not recorded in a time-series address, it must be adjusted by software at the time of reading. For example, if software that reads JPEG files in order from the earliest recording time is used, the order of image data will be correct because JPEG files are read in chronological order. It is easy for those skilled in the art to construct such software, and a detailed description of its specific contents is omitted here.
  • step 1 202 When the input of data from the JPEG codec 50 is completed at this time, the CPU 70 user is notified via the monitor 84 or a display device (not shown) to end the recording. If data input from JPEG codec 50 ends when processing is in step 1 204 or step 1 210, CPU 70 will monitor the user when step 1 2 1 2 ends. Alternatively, the user is notified via a display device (not shown) or the like, and the recording is terminated.
  • V—2 Records that fully correspond to the time series of data and the increase in address
  • control method unlike the control method shown in FIG. 12, enables the time series of input data to correspond to the recorded address. For this reason, the software used for reproduction only needs to read information in address order, which is simpler than the software used in FIG. However, the information recorded by this control method is continuously recorded in the address in the order of the recorded time, so even if the software used in the control method in Fig. 12 is used, it can be read properly. Can be done.
  • the control method shown in FIG. 13 is the same as that shown in FIG. 12 from step 122 to step 122, and therefore detailed description is omitted. Equations 1 to 5 used in the control method of FIG. 12 are also used in the control method shown in FIG. However, in the control method shown in FIG. 13, step 122 is called “Phase 1”, steps 1204 to 1208 are called “Phase 2”, and steps 1 122 and subsequent steps are called “Phase 2”. We'll call it Phase 3. "
  • the data path from the first memory 72 to the hard disk drive 82 is maintained after the time tc for disk replacement (step 122).
  • the data path from the hard disk drive 82 to the MO drive 80 is secured as it is (step 1222).
  • step 1 210 in which the MO drive 80 receives data from both the first memory 2 and the hard disk drive 82.
  • the hard disk drive 82 continues to receive the JPEG file from the first memory 72, and further stores the data stored on the hard disk 83 when the MO disk 81 is replaced and its data.
  • the data input later is output to the MO drive 80.
  • the transfer rate Tc must satisfy the following equation.
  • min (T r, T a) represents the smaller of T r and T a.
  • T c is regulated by the following equation.
  • Equation 18 the reason why t c is subtracted is that there is no data transfer to the MO disk 81 during the period of t c because the MO disk 81 is exchanged. From Equation 18 T c is regulated by the following equation.
  • the CPU 70 notifies the user via the monitor 84 or a display device (not shown) to the user. End recording. If the data input from the JPEG codec 50 is completed while the processing is in step 1204 or step 1222, the CPU 70 provides the user with a monitor 84 or a display device (not shown) when step 1224 is completed. Then, the recording is terminated.
  • information of the video camera 10 may be displayed on the monitor 8 4.
  • the monitor 28 can divide the screen by the number of the video cameras 10 and display all the camera information by one unit, or the number of monitors 28 corresponding to the number of cameras can be provided.
  • the monitor 84 may be installed right next to the main body of the control device 60, or may be installed in another room away from the monitor.
  • the monitor 84 displays a plurality of camera images as divided screens
  • the relative display position between the respective divided screens can be set using the frame buffer 58. For example, in the case of four divisions, they are arranged in a cross, four are arranged horizontally or vertically.
  • the user When decompressing a JPEG file stored on the MO disk 81, first, the user inserts the MO disk 81 on which the desired JPEG file is recorded into the MO drive 80. Next, the CPU 70 extracts information described in the comment marker based on the control program, and transmits the extracted JPEG file to the JPEG codec 50. The J PEG codec 50 decompresses the transmitted J PEG file based on the decompression rate described in the quantization table definition (DQT) marker and transmits it to the video encoder 18 as a digital image signal. The CPU 70 also generates filter data from the extracted comment information based on the control program and transmits the filter data to the adaptive output digital filter 40 of the DSP 20.
  • DQT quantization table definition
  • the JPEG codec 50 decompresses the transmitted JPEG file and transmits it to the adaptive output digital filter 40 of the DSP 20.
  • the adaptive output digital filter 40 obtains the information of B i, D s, and (D i _D s) in the filter data analysis circuit 42, and determines whether to pass the peaking filter 46.
  • the switch circuit 48 outputs B i via the peaking filter 46 and outputs B j as it is, and transmits these as image data to the video encoder 18.
  • the video encoder 18 converts the digital image signal output from the output filter 40 into an analog composite signal, transmits it to the monitor 84, and displays it. In this system 100, it is preferable to provide a reproduction-only monitor 84 so as not to prevent continuous display of camera information.
  • control program also has a software function for editing (playing, fast-forwarding, rewinding, enlarging, reducing, rotating, etc.) the screen of the monitor 84, the user of the controller 60 can obtain a desired image. You can check and edit information.
  • control program of the present invention also applies to JPEG files generated using Ds different from the above-mentioned Ds and conventional JPEG files in which information such as Bi is not included in the comment marker. Can be recognized. For this reason, D s used in output filter 4 does not always use D s set in input filter 1 as it is, and D s transmitted from JPEG file processor 120 (control program) is not always used. used. If no information such as Bi is included in the comment marker, the peaking filter 46 does not operate, and the output from the JPEG codec 50 becomes the output of the output filter 40 of the DSP 20 as it is. The switch circuit 48 operates.
  • the JPEG codec 50 such as MD2310 described in the embodiment also has a control function of the frame buffer 58, all data toughness relating to the JPEG codec 50 is a frame buffer. Done via 5-8. Therefore, in addition to raster-no-block conversion required for compression / expansion, functions such as image display position control, enlargement, and reduction are also performed via the JPEG codec 50.
  • the input image is divided based on a block having a size of 8 ⁇ 8 pixels, but it is needless to say that the input image is not limited to this size. Also different A plurality of low-pass filters having threshold values may be provided. Also, those skilled in the art will understand that the use of the present invention is not limited to the monitoring system, but is wide-ranging, such as editing a high-resolution photograph or animated image with a computer.
  • the image is formed in the JPEG format
  • the surveillance system 100 as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in any other format (for example, GIF format). It is clear that it can be applied. Therefore, the monitoring system 100 can be applied to any image compression / decompression device other than the JPEG codec.
  • the continuous recording method as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, data is recorded using one removable memory drive, and the data is temporarily fixed when the removable memory is replaced.
  • the data is recorded on the fixed disk of the disk device, and then the data recorded on the fixed disk is transferred to the new removable memory that has been replaced, thereby realizing continuous recording of data. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that the recording method may use a method other than the methods shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 as long as a powerful effect is achieved. Needless to say, the continuous recording system of the present invention is not limited to recording image data.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram for explaining a method of automatically setting and updating system parameters and a control program of the monitoring system 100 as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart mainly based on the executing control program 142 executed by the CPU 70.
  • FIG. 4 is a program executed by the CPU 70 based mainly on the running update program 152 shown in FIG.
  • the hard disk 83 of this embodiment stores a system parameter file 144 and a control program file 154 as shown in FIG.
  • the hard disk 83 (or alternatively, the second memory 74) stores the update program 152. More selectively, the hard disk 83 can be used for the ID check shown in FIG.
  • the program has 16 4
  • the ID check program 16 4 checks the ID data 17 2 included in the MO disk 81 and performs data communication with the MO disk 81 if the ID data 1 72 is not the predetermined ID data. And inform the user of this via a display (not shown).
  • control program 14 2 is substantially similar to the control program file 15 4, but is assigned a different reference number to clarify that the CPU 70 is a running program. Have been.
  • the update program 15 2 is a program used to set and update the control program 15 4.
  • the update data program 154 is provided because the control program 154 cannot set and update itself.
  • the system parameters 144 are the image compression ratio used by the JPEG codec 50, the recording time set when an alarm signal is received from the alarm 12 and the surveillance camera 1 by the selector 14. This refers to the operating environment such as the switching order and switching interval of 0, the recording interval of one frame, and the video capturing interval.
  • the system parameter 144 has a flag 144a.
  • the flag 53a identifies whether the system parameter 53 should be updated as a whole or for each operating environment condition.
  • the system parameters 144 are set or updated by the user individually or collectively by an automatic setting and update program described later when it becomes necessary to set or change these operating environments.
  • the camera is sequentially switched from the third camera to the first camera. Even if the manufacturer of the surveillance system 100 configured the system parameters to switch the camera 100 every three seconds, the user would consider the third camera to be particularly important if he thought that the subject image was particularly important. Only the time for switching from the first camera to the first camera can be set to, for example, 6 seconds. The user may disable flag 1444a because such individual changes (force customization) may be returned to 3 seconds again by the subsequent automatic updating of system parameters 144. By setting, the setting of 6 seconds can be maintained.
  • Such settings are useful, for example, to distinguish between a floor monitoring system that contains high-end goods such as jewelry counters in department stores and a floor monitoring system that displays only relatively inexpensive products consisting only of foodstuffs. . Also, by notifying the manufacturer of this condition, the user can update the system parameter 144 while maintaining the desired setting when updating the parameter.
  • Flag 144a also checks user ID information, etc., that can be included in ID data 172, and checks for update programs or viruses or other malicious updates for other monitoring systems. If the ID data 1702 does not match the predetermined information, the update may be rejected so that the system parameter 144 is not updated.
  • ID verification can be performed by combining fingerprints, voice prints, encryption protocols, and the like, if necessary. The same ID may be confirmed when the user accesses the control device 60.
  • the control program 154 is an application program that controls each unit. More specifically, the control program stores a hard logic controller for controlling the JPEG codec 50, a user interface, a disk access, and the like.
  • the application program for constructing the control program can be created by any well-known development tool such as Visual C ++, Borland C ++, etc., and the detailed description is omitted here.
  • the control program 154 is set or updated at the time of initial setting or at the time of upgrading the software such as correcting a bug existing in the program. In general, the control program 154 should not be set freely by the user, and if it is changed freely, the monitoring system 100 may become inoperable. Does not include a flag similar to flag 144a. However, the present invention does not prevent control program 154 from including a flag.
  • the second memory 74 stores the system parameters 144 and / or the control program 154. Can be stored. P / 05922
  • the communication unit 76 Since the communication unit 76 is also connected to the system parameters 144 and the control program 152, the user can receive update services via, for example, an Internet provider. .
  • FIG. 1 the user inserts the MO disk 81 storing the latest system parameter file 174 into the MO drive 80.
  • one MO disk 81 stores ID data 172, the latest system parameter file 1-4 and the latest control program 176 for the sake of simplicity. Typically, one or more of these may be inserted into separate MO disks.
  • the MO drive 80 reproduces information from the MO disk 81 or transmits data stored in the MO disk 81 to the CPU 70 via the PCI bus 62 by autorun.
  • the CPU 70 temporarily stores the received data in the first memory 72 and extracts and verifies the ID data 172 according to the ID check program 164 (step 1302).
  • the CPU 38 If there is no ID collation, the CPU 38 notifies the user to that effect by a display or the like (not shown) and terminates the processing. As a result, it is possible to prevent a malicious program that invalidates the operation of the system parameter file of another monitoring system and the operation of the monitoring system 100 from being replaced with the current system parameters. Note that such ID verification may be performed in the MO drive 80.
  • the CPU 70 determines in step 1302 that the ID has been verified, the CPU 70 operates according to the control program 142 thereafter. First, the CPU 70 determines whether or not the system parameter 144 can be updated by determining whether or not a flag 144a that permits updating of at least one operating environment is set (step 1304). If the user sets the flag 144a and refuses to update all operating environments, there are no parameters that can be updated.Therefore, the CPU 70 notifies the user to that effect on a display (not shown) and terminates the processing. You.
  • the CPU 70 determines in step 1304 that the system parameter 53 can be updated, then the CPU 70 stores the system parameter 1 74 in the MO disk 81. It is determined whether or not it is included (step 1306). Unlike the present embodiment, if the MO disk 81 does not include the system parameter 174, the CPU 70 notifies the user to that effect by a display or the like (not shown) and ends the processing.
  • step 1306 the CPU 70 determines whether the system parameter 144 does not currently exist on the hard disk 83, or whether the system parameter 174 is newer than the system parameter 144. Is determined (step 1308). The latter is determined by comparing the creation dates of system parameters 144 and 174. If the system parameter 144 exists and the creation date of the system parameter 144 is the same as or newer than the creation date of the system parameter 174, it is not necessary to update the current system parameter 144, so the CPU 70 notifies the user to that effect by a display (not shown) or the like, and ends the processing.
  • the CPU 70 determines in step 1308 that the hard disk 83 does not have the system parameter 144, the CPU 70 sets the system parameter by copying the system parameter 174 to the node disk 83 (step 1310). If the CPU 70 determines in step 1308 that the creation S of the system parameter 174 is newer than the creation date of the system parameter 144, the CPU 70 updates the system parameter 144 with the system parameter 174 (step 1310). . When the setting or updating is completed, the CPU 70 notifies the user to that effect on a display or the like (not shown) and ends the processing.
  • the user similarly inserts the MO disk 81 storing the latest control program 174 into the MO drive 80.
  • the MO drive 80 reproduces information on the MO disk 81 or transmits data stored in the MO disk 81 to the CPU 70 via the PCI bus 62 by autorun.
  • the CPU 70 executes step 1302 described above.
  • step 1402 the CPU 70 determines whether the MO disk 81 includes the control program 176 (step 1402). Unlike this embodiment, the control disk If the program 176 is not included, the CPU 70 notifies the user to that effect by a display (not shown) or the like and ends the process. Note that the CPU 70 can perform step 1402 by the control program 142. However, if the hard disk does not include the control program file 154, the control program 142 does not exist. Thus, step 1402 may be performed by update program 152.
  • step 1402 determines in step 1402 that the control program 176 exists, the CPU 70 ends the control program 142 and starts the update data program 152 (step 1404). Alternatively, if the processing after step 1402 is handled by the update program 152, step 1404 is omitted. Next, it is determined whether the control system 152 is not present in the hard disk 83 or whether the control program 176 is newer than the control program 152 (step 1406). The latter judgment is made by comparing the creation dates of the control programs 176 and 152.
  • control program 152 exists and the creation date of the control program 152 is the same as or newer than the creation date of the control program 176, the CPU 70 does not need to update the current control program 152, and so Is notified to the user via a display (not shown) or the like, and the process is terminated.
  • the CPU 70 determines in step 1406 that the control program 152 does not exist in the hard disk 83, the CPU 70 sets the control program by copying the control program 176 to the hard disk 83 (step 1408). . If the CPU 70 determines in step 1406 that the creation date of the control program 176 is newer than the creation date of the control program 152, the CPU 70 updates the control program 152 with the control program 176 (step 1408). ). When the setting or updating is completed, the CPU 70 notifies the user to that effect on a display or the like (not shown) and ends the processing.
  • the user can set and update the system parameters and the control program collectively and automatically. Therefore, it is possible to perform the setting and update processing with less human error in a shorter time than before.
  • the user can set the system parameter 174 and / or the control program 176.
  • the present invention also covers a method for setting and updating system parameters and control programs using a communication line. In this case, before the steps shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 16, it is assumed that there is a step of accessing a predetermined address such as a main site where system parameters and control programs can be downloaded. You could be quick.
  • step 1302 shown in FIG. 15 is performed, for example, by the user inputting the user ID and authentication (password). Also, step 1306 will be omitted. It will also be appreciated that steps 1308 and 1310 may be performed by a manufacturer's host computer connected to the communication line. Also, when setting and updating the control program using the communication line, the step 144 shown in FIG. 16 is omitted, and steps 1406 and 1408 are performed by the manufacturer connected to the communication line. It will be understood that the-side host computer may execute.
  • the continuous recording method, the continuous recording method, and the continuous recording system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be configured as one personal computer, space saving can be realized.
  • the timing of recording digital data on a storage medium by using a buffer is delayed, and the information recorded on the storage medium is stored in a buffer.
  • a buffer Contains equivalent or more detailed information. For this reason, there is a time margin due to a delay in the recording time, and during that time, information recorded in the storage medium from the buffer can be selected and edited. For this reason, information that could not be recorded on a storage medium in the past can be recorded if necessary. Applying this system to a surveillance system will improve the reliability of the surveillance system. And
  • the amount of data recorded on a record carrier can be freely changed during recording, and thus the effect of extending the recording time Having. Further, if the present invention is applied to a monitoring system, information in a time zone which could not be recorded conventionally can be recorded, so that a more reliable monitoring system can be realized.
  • the present invention can use a conventional commercially available JPEG codec as it is, it is possible to prevent an increase in cost associated with a case where a new algorithm is developed. If it is necessary to ensure the same operation as that of the conventional device without operating the main part of the present invention, it is sufficient to simply set a large threshold.
  • the monitoring system of the present invention can reproduce a J PEG file generated with a different threshold value, ie, a conventional high mosquito noise file and a J PEG file without any problem.
  • a JPEG file processor is provided to write file data to comment markers in the JPEG file.
  • the JPEG file processor does not change the compressed data stream of the JPEG file at all, and the conventional JPEG decompressor does not recognize the information of the comments in the JPEG file, or However, even if it is recognized, it is not used for reference of decompression of the compressed data string. Therefore, the JPEG file generated by the present invention can be decompressed without any problem by the conventional JPEG codec.
  • the conventional JPEG codec does not recognize the information described in the comment marker, or does not use it to expand the compressed data string even if it recognizes it. Therefore, the JPEG file transferred to the conventional JPEG codec is decompressed and restored without using the file data.Thus, although the mosquito noise is smaller than before, the image contour is blurred by the low-pass filter. May include. However, the effect of blurring the outline of the image is less likely to cause discomfort to the human eye than mosquito noise.Therefore, the JPEG file generated by the present invention is decompressed by the conventional JPEG codec. Can provide high quality images becomes
  • Such processing can be performed by an adaptive output digital filter including a filter data analysis circuit and a peaking filter.
  • the detection circuit, single-pass filter, file data analysis circuit, and Pekinda filter can be realized as a single digital signal processor, so that cost reduction and space saving can be achieved compared to the case of using separate devices. it can.
  • the system parameters and control programs of the monitoring system can be configured by inserting a medium storing these into the monitoring system or connecting to a communication line. By doing so, it can be set and updated automatically. Therefore, the user does not need to repeat the same setting and updating work, and can avoid human error, thereby providing a highly reliable monitoring system. Also, the monitoring system of the present invention has the same effect because the control unit can automatically set and update the system parameters and the control program.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de contrôle présentant, par rapport à la technique antérieure, d'excellentes performances sur le plan de la création, de la compression, de la décompression et de l'enregistrement de données d'image, ainsi que sur le plan de la gestion de système. Pour créer des données d'image, les données considérées comme étant moins importantes sont élaguées au moyen d'une commande d'acquisition et d'un réglage de la compressibilité du codec. De plus, un circuit de mesure de dérivée et un filtre passe-bas sont utilisés pour la compression/décompression, un disque fixe et un disque extractible sont utilisés de manière combinée pour éviter des pertes de données lors de l'échange, et les paramètres de système et le programme de commande sont automatiquement fixés et modifiés.
PCT/JP1999/005922 1998-10-27 1999-10-26 Procede et systeme d'enregistrement d'informations, systeme de compression/decompression d'images, procede de commande de ces systemes, et systeme de controle comprenant une partie ou la totalite des systemes precedents WO2000025312A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU62308/99A AU6230899A (en) 1998-10-27 1999-10-26 Information recording method and system, image compression/decompression system,system control method, and monitoring system including part or all of them
GB0110173A GB2359185B (en) 1998-10-27 1999-10-26 Information recording method and system,image compression/decompression system,system control method,and monitoring system including part or all of them

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10/321437 1998-10-27
JP32143798 1998-10-27
JP12069899 1999-04-27
JP11/120698 1999-04-27

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WO2000025312A1 true WO2000025312A1 (fr) 2000-05-04

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GB (1) GB2359185B (fr)
TW (1) TWI222627B (fr)
WO (1) WO2000025312A1 (fr)

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CN110149554A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-20 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 视频图像处理的方法、装置、电子设备以及存储介质

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JP3711902B2 (ja) 2001-07-30 2005-11-02 ヤマハ株式会社 光ディスク記録における記録密度決定方法
EP1513342A3 (fr) * 2003-04-29 2005-03-16 Synectic Systems Limited Système et procédé d'enregistrement de données audio/vidéo
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JP7157330B2 (ja) 2018-11-27 2022-10-20 富士通株式会社 監視装置、監視方法および監視プログラム

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CN110149554A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-20 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 视频图像处理的方法、装置、电子设备以及存储介质
CN110149554B (zh) * 2019-05-31 2021-06-15 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 视频图像处理的方法、装置、电子设备以及存储介质

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TWI222627B (en) 2004-10-21
GB0110173D0 (en) 2001-06-20

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