Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
  • C11D17/0065—Solid detergents containing builders
  • C11D17/0073—Tablets
  • C11D17/0078—Multilayered tablets

Definitions

• the invention relates to washing or cleaning active moldings, primarily tablets such as dishwasher tablets, detergent tablets, bleach tablets, stain remover tablets or water softening tablets for use in the home, in particular for mechanical use, and a process for producing these moldings and their use.
• tablets such as dishwasher tablets, detergent tablets, bleach tablets, stain remover tablets or water softening tablets for use in the home, in particular for mechanical use, and a process for producing these moldings and their use.
• Washing or cleaning-active molded articles, in particular tablets, have a number of advantages over powdery agents, such as advantageous handling, simple metering, and a low need for packaging volumes.
• the object of the present invention was therefore powerful, easy-to-handle washing or cleaning-active molded articles, especially dishwasher tablets, detergent tablets, stain remover tablets or water softening tablets for use in the home, in particular for machine use with high To provide storage stability, low packaging, good fragrance profile and defined solubility profile, which above all result in high customer satisfaction.
• the application therefore relates to a molded article containing builder substances, bleaches and surfactants, characterized in that in an area with no more than 40% of the surface, preferably between 5 and 30%, particularly preferably between 10 and 25%, very particularly preferably between 15 and 20 the surface of the molded body more than 80 wt .-%, preferably more than 90 wt .-%, particularly preferably more than 95 wt .-%. the total amount of an ingredient (I) present is very particularly preferably present.
• the molded body of the present invention consists of several, that is to say at least two, areas which are composed differently and which occupy a different surface of the molded body.
• the areas can be designed in the most varied of spatial shapes and, for example, have the shape of layers.
• molded bodies which consist of two regions
• An example of a molded body from three areas is, in addition to the simplest embodiment, the three-layer tablet, a two-layer tablet, into which a trough has been pressed, which is subsequently filled with the third area Manufacture moldings, which consist of three areas, on an industrial scale if the press has three filling stations.
• an ingredient (I) is preferably present more than 90% by weight, particularly preferably more than 95% by weight and in particular 100%.
• the amount of this ingredient contained in the molded body is contained in the range which is a maximum of 40% of the If, for example, a two-layer detergent molded article, one layer of which is significantly thinner than the second, contains a total of 10 g (based on the molded article weight) of an ingredient I (e.g.
• molded articles according to the invention are characterized in that more than 8 g of the chlorine bleach (preferably more than 9 g, particularly preferably more than 9.5 g and in particular 10 g) are in the layer, which occupies less than 40% of the surface.
• the area according to the invention in which an ingredient (I) is concentrated, does not take up more than 40% of the surface according to the invention.
• Shaped bodies according to the invention are characterized in that the area in which the ingredient (I) is concentrated is at most 13.6 cm surface, preferably between 1.7 and 10.2 cm 'surface, particularly preferably between 3.4 and 8.5 cm surface and in particular between 5, 1 and 6.8 cm 2 takes up surface.
• the ingredient (I) can be a bleaching agent from the group of chlorine and / or oxygen bleaching agents, a bleach activator, a silver protection agent and / or a soil release compound, an enzyme, a surfactant or a component or a compound for solubility control.
• the ingredient (I) can also be a mixture of these ingredients.
• the ingredient (I) is a mixture of a component or a compound for solubility control and at least one further ingredient from the group consisting of bleach and / or bleach activator and / or silver protective agent and / or soil release compound and / or enzyme and or a surfactant.
• the volume of the area with the ingredient (I), the solubility, the surface and the type of corrosion can also have a decisive influence on the properties of the tablet.
• the range does not exceed 40% by volume, preferably between 1 and 30% by volume, particularly preferably between 2 and 25% by volume, very particularly preferably between 3 and 20% by volume of the molded body contains more than 80% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, particularly preferably more than 95% by weight, very particularly preferably the total amount of an ingredient (I) present .
• the molded body according to the invention also has a positive effect if the region with more than 80% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, particularly preferably more than 95% by weight, very particularly preferably the total amount of an ingredient present ( I) is surrounded by other ingredients of the molded body in exactly three spatial directions.
• a desirable influence on the overall result can also be achieved if the range with more than 80% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, particularly preferably more than 95% by weight, very particularly preferably the total amount of an ingredient present (I) dissolves faster than the and / or the remaining areas of the molded body by more than 5%, preferably more than 10%, very particularly preferably more than 25%, very particularly preferably more than 50% and extremely preferably more than 100% .
• the solubility can be influenced by components and / or compounds to accelerate solubility (disintegrant) or to delay solubility.
• disintegrants known in the prior art can be used as disintegrants. Particular reference is made to the textbooks Rompp (9th edition, vol. 6, p. 4440) and Voigt "Textbook of pharmaceutical technology” (6th edition, 1987). Substances such as starch, cellulose and cellulose derivatives, alginates, Dextran, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidones and others; weak acid systems and carbonate-containing agents, in particular citric acid and tartaric acid in combination with bicarbonate or carbonate and polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty acid esters.
• EP-A-0 466 485, EP-A-0 522 766, EP-A-0 711 827, EP-A-0 711 828 and EP-A-0 716 144 describe the production of cleaning-active tablets , where compact, particulate material with a particle size between 180 and 2000 microns is used.
• the resulting tablets can have both a homogeneous and a heterogeneous structure.
• EP-A-0 522 766 at least the particles which contain surfactants and builders are coated with a solution or dispersion of a binder / disintegrant, in particular polyethylene glycol.
• binders / disintegrants are in turn the disintegrants which have already been described several times, for example starches and starch derivatives, commercially available cellulose derivatives such as crosslinked and modified cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose fibers, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones, layered silicates, etc. Also weak acids such as citric acid or tartaric acid, which in In connection with carbonate-containing sources when they come into contact with water lead to bubbling effects and according to the definition according to Römpp belong to the second class of disintegrants can be used as coating material.
• disintegrants whose particle size distribution (sieve analysis) is designed in such a way that a maximum of 1% by weight, preferably less, of dust components is present and overall (including any dust components present) less than 10% by weight of the disintegrant granules are smaller than 0.2 mm. At least 90% by weight of the disintegrant granules advantageously have a particle size of at least 0.2 mm and a maximum of 3 mm. These disintegrants are particularly suitable for the present invention.
• Detergent tablets containing disintegrants in granular or, if appropriate, cogranulated form are also described in German patent applications DE 197 09 991 (Stefan Herzog) and international patent application WO98 / 40463 (Henkel). These documents can also be found in more detail on the production of granulated, compacted or cogranulated cellulose disintegrants.
• the particle sizes of such disintegrants are usually above 200 ⁇ m, preferably at least 90% by weight between 300 and 1600 ⁇ m and in particular at least 90% by weight between 400 and 1200 ⁇ m.
• the above and described in more detail in the documents cited coarser disintegration aids are preferred as disintegration aids and are commercially available, for example under the name of Arbocel ® TF-30-HG from Rettenmaier available in the present invention.
• the dissolution time of the entire molded article is preferably shorter than the duration of the main wash cycle of a conventional dishwasher, that is to say shorter than 40 minutes, particularly preferably shorter than 30 minutes, very particularly preferably shorter than 20 minutes and extremely preferably shorter than 10 min.
• the region which takes up a maximum of 40% of the surface according to the invention contains at least one acidifying agent.
• Acidifying agents that can be used are, for example, boric acid and alkali metal bisulfates, alkali metal dihydrogen phosphates and other inorganic salts.
• organic acidifying agents are preferably used, citric acid being a particularly preferred acidifying agent.
• the other solid mono-, oligo- and polycarboxylic acids can also be used in particular. Tartaric acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid and polyacrylic acid are preferred from this group.
• Organic sulfonic acids such as amidosulfonic acid can also be used.
• Commercially available and as an acidifying agent in the context of the present invention also preferably be used is Sokalan ® DCS (trademark of BASF), a mixture of succinic acid (max. 31 wt .-%), glutaric acid (max. 50 wt .-%) and adipic acid (max. 33 wt .-%) .
• shaped detergents and cleaners in which a substance from the group of the organic di-, tri- and oligocarboxylic acids or mixtures thereof are used as the acidifying agent in the region which occupies a maximum of 40% of the surface of the molded body , the use of citric acid being particularly preferred.
• the acidifying agents mentioned are preferably either sole component I or at least part of the same. It is therefore preferred within the scope of the present invention if at least 80% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, particularly preferably more than 95% by weight and very particularly preferably the total amount of the acidifying agent contained in the molded body is in the range are located, which occupies a maximum of 40% of the molded body surface.
• the area taking up a maximum of 40% of the molded body surface can contain further ingredients in preferred embodiments of the present invention, for which the criterion applicable to ingredient I is also advantageously to be used, ie that at least 80% by weight of these ingredients also, preferably more than 90% by weight, particularly preferably more than 95% by weight and very particularly preferably the total amount of the total ingredient contained in the molded body are in this range.
• further ingredients are, for example, carbonates and / or hydrogen carbonates, the use of which in combination with acidifying agents leads to a gas release upon contact with water, which reduces the dissolution times.
• Such an effervescent system can be formulated with an excess of acidifying agent, which enables an acidic pre-rinse cycle, but other ingredients can also be inco ⁇ orated in the more quickly soluble area, so that the effervescent system releases the other ingredients more quickly.
• the dissolving time of the area taking up a maximum of 40% of the surface of the molded body is preferably still below the values mentioned above, ie below 10 min, preferably below 5 min and in particular below 2 min.
• Such snow-soluble areas can bring clear advantages for cleaning performance.
• Paraffins and / or microwaxes and / or the high molecular weight polyethylene glycols which are described in detail in the prior art, are generally used as the material for delaying dissolution.
• the use of mixtures as mentioned in the unpublished publication DE 197 27 073 and the disclosure of which is hereby expressly incorporated into this document is particularly suitable for the present application.
• the dissolution time of the entire molded body in 20 ° C. cold water is longer in a preferred embodiment than the pre-rinse cycle of a commercially available dishwasher, that is to say longer than 5 min, preferably longer than 10 min.
• a smaller area of the molded body - preferably the area that makes up a maximum of 40% of the molded body surface - can be delayed in release, so that the majority of the molded body dissolves more quickly.
• Such measures to delay dissolution can only release certain ingredients, for example, only in the rinse cycle, whereby further advantages in cleaning performance can be achieved.
• homogeneous or heterogeneous molded bodies of known design are provided. These include in particular cylindrical tablets, these tablets preferably having a diameter of 15 to 60 mm, in particular 30 +/- 10 mm.
• the height of these tablets is preferably 5 to 30 mm and in particular 15 to 28 mm.
• Shaped bodies with a diameter of 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39 mm have proven to be particularly favorable. In special designs, the height is 24, 25, 26, 27 or 28 mm.
• the edge lengths are preferably between 15 to 60 mm, in particular 30 +/- 10 mm.
• the weight of the individual shaped bodies, in particular the tablets, is preferably 15 to 60 g and in particular 20 to 40 g per shaped body or tablet; the consistency of the molded body or tablets, however, usually has values above 1 kg / dm, preferably from 1.1 to 1.4 kg / dm.
• the water hardness range or the level of contamination 1 or more, for example 2 to 4, shaped bodies, in particular tablets, can be used. Further shaped bodies according to the invention can also have smaller diameters or dimensions, for example around 10 mm.
• a homogeneous molded body is understood to mean those in which the ingredients of the molded body are homogeneously distributed except for the area with ingredient (I) in such a way that no different ingredients and / or active ingredients are perceptible to the naked eye.
• the grain structure of the solids used can of course still be recognized.
• a further area (phase) is present,
• Heterogeneous shaped bodies are accordingly understood to mean those which do not have a homogeneous distribution of the ingredients present in addition to the ingredient (I).
• heterogeneous shaped bodies can be produced, for example, by the different ingredients having different colors and / or carrying a different fragrance component.
• Another case, which according to the invention is to be counted as the non-uniform (heterogeneous) molded bodies comprises an embodiment in which a molded body is pressed which, in addition to the area with the ingredient (I), has several layers (phases), that is to say at least two layers. It is e.g. B. possible that these different layers have different disintegration and dissolution rates and / or carry different ingredients.
• a preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that in addition to the area with the ingredient (I) there are two further phases. It is particularly advantageous if the volume ratios of the two further phases are between 10: 1 and 1:10, preferably between 5: 1 and 1: 5, particularly preferably between 2: 1 and 1: 2.
• Another particularly preferred embodiment is characterized in that three or more further phases are present.
• the layer structure of the molded body can take place in a stack-like manner, with the inner layer (s) already loosening at the edges of the molded body when the outer layers have not yet been completely detached or disintegrated; however, a complete and / or partial covering of the inner layer (s) can also be achieved by the layers lying further outwards, which leads to a prevention and / or delay in the early dissolution of components of the inner layer (s).
• a tablet consists of at least three layers, i.e. two outer and at least one inner layer, wherein at least one of the inner layers contains a peroxy bleaching agent, while in the case of the stack-like tablet, the two outer layers and the but the outer layers of the tablet are free of peroxy bleach. It is also possible to spatially separate peroxy bleaching agents and any bleach activators or bleach catalysts and / or enzymes present in a tablet / molded article. Such configurations have the advantage that no undesired interactions would be feared in the molded bodies according to the invention.
• Another cheap and preferred embodiment of the invention is that one of the bleaching component or components, especially the chlorine component, is not assembled together with the perfume component in one phase.
• Another cheap and preferred embodiment of the invention is that the silver protection component is not made up with one or more of the bleaching components.
• Another cheap and preferred embodiment of the invention is that one of the component or components for solubility control is packaged together with the bleach activator.
• Another cheap and preferred embodiment of the invention is that one of the component or components for solubility control is packaged together with the enzymes.
• Another cheap and preferred embodiment of the invention is that one of the component or components for solubility control is packaged together with the bleach.
• Another cheap and preferred embodiment of the invention is that one of the component or components for solubility control is assembled together with the silver protection component.
• Another cheap and preferred embodiment of the invention is that one of the component or components for solubility control together with at least 50 wt .-%, preferably more than 70 wt .-%, particularly more than 90 wt .-% of a surfactant or the total surfactant mixture is assembled.
• the agents according to the invention are produced by the customary methods of molding production.
• the ingredient (s) (I) in the form of a liquid generally through solution and / or melt
• a viscosity of more than 1500 mPas preferably more than 2000 mPas, particularly preferably between 2000 and 15000 mPas, very particularly preferably between 2500 and 7000 mPas and extremely preferably between 3000 and 4000 mPas has proven particularly useful.
• meltable carrier substances have proven particularly effective. In principle, this includes all substances with a solidification point at or especially above room temperature.
• Non-ionic surfactants (Dehypon® LT 104, Dehypon® LS 54, Dehydol® LS 30, Lutensol® AT 80), polyethylene glycols with different molecular weights (PEG 400, 12000), soaps (Lorol® C 16 ), Stearates (Cutina® GMS), but also thickened sodium hydroxide solution and meltable salts, such as sodium carbonate - decahydrate.
• the advantages and disadvantages of the individual ingredients can be understood by the expert on the basis of tests.
• parts of the molded body and / or components of the molded body are treated by irradiation with microwaves in order to positively influence strength, moisture content and solubility.
• Particular ingredients (I) which are used in the context of the invention are oxygen bleaching agents, preferably the alkali metal perborates and their hydrates and the alkali metal percarbonates, sodium perborate being preferred in the context of the invention, find use as mono- or tetrahydrate, or sodium percarbonate and their hydrates.
• the persulphates can also be used.
• Typical oxygen bleaches are also organic peracids.
• the organic peracids used with preference include above all the excellently active phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid, but in principle all other known peracids can also be used.
• DICA dichloroisocyanuric acid
• bleach activators are compounds which contain one or more N- or O-acyl groups, such as substances from the class of anhydrides, esters, imides and acylated imidazoles or oximes. Examples are tetraacetylethylenediamine TAED, tetraacetylmethylene diamine TAMD and tetraacetylhexylenediamine TAHD, but also pentaacetylglucose PAG, l, 5-diacetyl-2,2-dioxo-hexahydro-l, 3,5-triazine DADHT and isatoic anhydride ISA.
• N- or O-acyl groups such as substances from the class of anhydrides, esters, imides and acylated imidazoles or oximes. Examples are tetraacetylethylenediamine TAED, tetraacetylmethylene diamine TAMD and tetraacetylhexylenediamine
• Bleach activators which can be used are compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms. and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid can be used. Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the number of carbon atoms mentioned and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
• polyacylated alkylenediamines especially tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, especially 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, especially tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N- Acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl- or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, especially phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, especially triacetyloxy, 2,5-acetiacetyl, ethylene glycol 2,5-dihydrofuran, n-methyl-Mo ⁇ holinium-ace
• Hydrophilically substituted acylacetals and acyllactams are also preferably used.
• Combinations of conventional bleach activators can also be used.
• Bleach activators of this type are present in the customary quantitative range, preferably in amounts of 1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular 2% by weight to 8% by weight, based on the total agent.
• bleach catalysts can also be incorporated into the moldings.
• These substances are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as, for example, Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salt complexes or carbonyl complexes.
• Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru amine complexes can also be used as bleaching catalysts.
• Bleach activators from the group of multi-acylated alkylenediamines are preferred. especially tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), N-acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl- or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), n-methyl-Mo ⁇ holiniumsulfonium (acetonitrile) , preferably in amounts of up to 10% by weight, in particular 0.1% by weight to 8% by weight, particularly 2 to 8% by weight and particularly preferably 2 to 6% by weight, based on the total composition, used.
• TAED tetraacetylethylenediamine
• N-acylimides especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI)
• NOSI N-nonanoylsuccinimide
• Bleach-boosting transition metal complexes in particular with the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, preferably selected from the group consisting of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably cobalt (ammin) - Complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese, of manganese sulfate are used in conventional amounts, preferably in an amount of up to 5% by weight, in particular 0.0025% by weight. % to 1% by weight and particularly preferably from 0.01% by weight to 0.25% by weight, in each case based on the total Means used. But in special cases, more bleach activator can be used.
• Dishwashing detergents according to the invention can contain corrosion inhibitors as ingredient (I) to protect the items to be washed or the machine, silver protection agents in particular being particularly important in the field of automatic dishwashing.
• corrosion inhibitors as ingredient (I) to protect the items to be washed or the machine
• silver protection agents in particular being particularly important in the field of automatic dishwashing.
• the known subsets of the prior art such as. B. described in DE 43 25 922, DE 41 28 672 or DE 43 38 724.
• silver protection agents selected from the group of the triazoles, the benzotriazoles, the bisbenzotriazoles, the aminotriazoles, the alkylaminotriazoles and the transition metal salts or complexes can be used in particular. Benzotriazole and / or alkylaminotriazole are particularly preferably to be used.
• detergent formulations often contain agents containing active chlorine, which can significantly reduce the corrosion of the silver surface.
• agents containing active chlorine which can significantly reduce the corrosion of the silver surface.
• oxygen and nitrogen-containing organic redox-active compounds such as di- and trihydric phenols, e.g. As hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, phloroglucin, pyrogallol or derivatives of these classes of compounds.
• Salt-like and complex-like inorganic compounds such as salts of the metals Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Co and Ce, are also frequently used.
• transition metal salts which are selected from the group consisting of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferably the cobalt (amine) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes , the chlorides of cobalt or manganese and manganese sulfate.
• Zinc compounds can also be used to prevent corrosion on the wash ware.
• Special ingredients (I) which are used in the context of the invention are substances which prevent the resoiling of surfaces and / or which facilitate the detachment of dirt after a single application (so-called “soil release compounds”).
• the soil release compounds used according to the invention include all compounds known in the prior art.
• Cationic polymers such as those used for. B. are known from the following publications: In EP-A-0 167 382, EP-A-0 342 997 and DE-OS-26 16 404 cleaning agents are added cationic polymers in order to achieve a streak-free cleaning of the surfaces.
• EP-A-0 167 382 describes liquid detergent compositions which can contain cationic polymers as thickeners. Hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium guar; Copolymers of aminoethyl methacrylate and acrylamide and copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide are described.
• EP-A-0 342 997 describes general-purpose cleaners which can contain cationic polymers, in particular polymers with imino groups being used.
• DE-OS-26 16 404 describes cleaning agents for glass which contain cationic cellulose derivatives.
• the addition of the cationic cellulose derivatives in the agents a better drainage of the water in order to obtain streak-free cleaned glass.
• EP-A-0 467 472 e.g. B. cleaning agents for hard surfaces which contain cationic homo- and / or copolymers as soil-release polymers. These polymers have quaternized ammonium alkyl methacrylate groups as monomer units. These connections are used to equip the surfaces in such a way that the dirt can be removed more easily during the next cleaning process.
• the cationic polymers are particularly preferably selected from cationic polymers of copolymers of monomers such as trialkylammonium alkyl (meth) acrylate or acrylamide; Dialkyldiallyldiammonium salts; polymer-analogous reaction products of ethers or esters of polysaccharides with ammonium side groups, in particular guar, cellulose and starch derivatives; Polyadducts of ethylene oxide with ammonium groups; quaternary ethylene imine polymers and polyesters and polyamides with quaternary side groups as soil release compounds.
• monomers such as trialkylammonium alkyl (meth) acrylate or acrylamide; Dialkyldiallyldiammonium salts; polymer-analogous reaction products of ethers or esters of polysaccharides with ammonium side groups, in particular guar, cellulose and starch derivatives; Polyadducts of ethylene oxide with ammonium groups; quaternary
• natural polyuronic acids and related substances as well as polyampholytes and hydrophobized polyampholytes, or mixtures of these substances, are also exceptionally preferred.
• enzymes between 0 and 5% by weight of enzymes, based on the entire preparation, can be added to the cleaning agent in order to increase the performance of the cleaning agents or to guarantee the same quality of cleaning performance under milder conditions.
• the most commonly used enzymes include lipases, amylases, cellulases and proteases.
• Preferred proteases are e.g. B.
• BLAP®140 from Biozym
• Optimase®-M-440 and Opticlean®-M-250 from Solvay Enzymes
• Maxacal®CX and Maxapem® or Esperase® from Gist Brocades or Savinase® from Novo.
• Particularly suitable cellulases and lipases are Celluzym® 0.7 T and Lipolase® 30 T from Novo Nordisk.
• Duramyl® and Termamyl® 60 T and Termamyl® 90 T from Novo, Amylase-LT® from Solvay Enzymes or Maxamyl® P5000 from Gist Brocades find particular use as amylases. Other enzymes can also be used.
• all of the ingredients (I) described above can also take on the function of other ingredients if the condition of the inventive area is met by other ingredients.
• water-soluble and water-insoluble builders can be used especially for binding calcium and magnesium.
• Water-soluble builders are preferred because they generally have less tendency to form insoluble residues on dishes and hard surfaces.
• Customary builders which can be present in the scope of the invention between 10 and 90% by weight, based on the entire preparation, are the low molecular weight polycarboxylic acids and their salts, the homopolymeric and copolymeric polycarboxylic acids and their salts, the carbonates, phosphates and silicates.
• Water-insoluble builders include the zeolites, which can also be used, as well as mixtures of the abovementioned builder substances.
• Trisodium citrate and / or pentasodium tripolyphosphate and / or sodium carbonate and / or sodium bicarbonate and / or gluconates and / or silicate builders from the class of disilicates and / or metasilicates are preferably used.
• Alkali carriers can be present as further constituents. Alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal hydrogen carbonates,
• Alkali metal sesquicarbonates alkali silicates, alkali metasilicates, and mixtures of the abovementioned substances, the alkali metal carbonates, in particular sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate, preferably being used for the purposes of this invention.
• a builder system containing a mixture of tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate is particularly preferred.
• a builder system containing a mixture of tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate and sodium disilicate is also particularly preferred.
• all surfactants can be used as surfactants.
• the alkoxylated alcohols, particularly the ethoxylated and / or propoxylated ones, the alkyl polyglycosides and the alkyl polyglucamides are particularly preferred.
• alkoxylated alcohols to mean the reaction products of alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, with alcohols, preferably in the sense of the present invention the longer-chain alcohols (Cio to C ⁇ 8 , preferably between C ⁇ 2 and C ⁇ 6 , such as Cu, C ⁇ 2 -, C ! 3 -, C ⁇ 4 -, C ! 5 -, C ⁇ 6 -, C I7 - and ds- alcohols).
• n moles of ethylene oxide and one mole of alcohol form a complex mixture of addition products of different degrees of ethoxylation, depending on the reaction conditions.
• a further embodiment consists in the use of mixtures of the alkylene oxides, preferably the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
• final etherification with short-chain alkyl groups such as preferably the butyl group, can also give the class of "closed" alcohol ethoxylates, which can also be used in the context of the invention.
• Highly preferred for the purposes of the present invention are highly ethoxylated fatty alcohols or their mixtures with end-capped fatty alcohol ethoxylates.
• Alkyl polyglycosides are surfactants which are obtained by the reaction of sugars and alcohols according to the relevant procedures in preparative organic chemistry can, depending on the type of production to a mixture of monoalkylated, oligomeric or polymeric sugar.
• Preferred alkyl polyglycosides can be alkyl polyglucosides, the alcohol being particularly preferably a long-chain fatty alcohol or a mixture of long-chain fatty alcohols and the degree of oligomerization of the sugars being between 1 and 10.
• Fatty acid polyhydroxylamides are acylated reaction products of the reductive amination of a sugar (glucose) with ammonia, whereby long-chain fatty acids, long-chain fatty acid esters or long-chain fatty acid chlorides are generally used as acylating agents.
• Secondary amides are formed when reducing with methylamine or ethylamine instead of with ammonia, such as. B. in S ⁇ FW-Journal, 119, (1993), 794-808.
• Carbon chain lengths of C 6 to d 2 in the fatty acid residue are preferably used.
• the areas of the molded body can be colored. It is particularly preferred if one or more or all areas of the molded body are colored differently in the molded body. In one special embodiment of the molded body, the color is red. In another special embodiment of the molded body, the color is green. In another special embodiment of the molded body, the color is yellow. In another special embodiment of the molded body, the color is a mixture of different colors.
• the storage stability of the molded body is particularly important. It is particularly preferred according to the invention if the weight increase in the area of the ingredient (I) when stored under normal household conditions, ie. H. between 15 and 30 ° C. and between 5 and 55% atmospheric humidity, preferably 15 and 35% atmospheric humidity for a period of 30 days, preferably 60 days, particularly preferably 90 days, not more than 50% by weight, preferably not more than 40% %, very particularly preferably not more than 30% by weight, extremely preferably not more than 20% by weight and extremely preferably not more than 10% by weight, at best not more than 5% by weight.
• normal household conditions ie. H. between 15 and 30 ° C. and between 5 and 55% atmospheric humidity, preferably 15 and 35% atmospheric humidity for a period of 30 days, preferably 60 days, particularly preferably 90 days, not more than 50% by weight, preferably not more than 40% %, very particularly preferably not more than 30% by weight, extremely preferably not more than 20% by weight and extremely preferably not more than 10% by weight, at best not more
• the loss of active substance of the ingredient (I) during storage under normal household conditions ie between 15 and 30 ° C. and between 5 and 55% atmospheric humidity, preferably 15 and 35% atmospheric humidity, for a period of 30 days , preferably 60 days, especially preferably 90 days not more than 50% by weight, preferably not more than 40% by weight, very particularly preferably not more than 30% by weight, extremely preferably not more than 20% by weight and extremely preferably not more than 10% by weight is at best not more than 5% by weight.
• the absorption maximum of a 1% solution of a colored area or a colored component during storage under normal household conditions ie between 15 and 30 ° C. and between 5 and 55% humidity, preferably 15 and 35% humidity for the duration of 30 days, preferably 60 days, particularly preferably 90 days not more than 100 wave numbers, preferably not more than 50 wave numbers, very particularly preferably not more than 30 wave numbers, extremely preferably not more than 20 wave numbers and extremely preferably not more than 10
• wave numbers are not more than 5 wave numbers.
• Frame formulations represent preferred areas of the invention.
• the selected ingredient (I) was transferred to the area according to the invention.
• the other area the other areas
• the builder system of the framework recipe above can also be composed as follows (all other ingredients are the same as in a).
• test formulation (V) was used:
• test formulation (V) was used:
• each recipe can also be the components of a single phase, i.e. the proportions then do not relate to the overall formulation as usual, but to the composition of the individual phase.
• each of the recipes can also contain other ingredients that are common in MGSM (e.g. fillers, preservatives, etc.) in extremely small quantities, with the other ingredients being proportionately varied accordingly.
• MGSM e.g. fillers, preservatives, etc.
• a preferred embodiment of the molded body of the first claim contains a depression in a tablet, this depression containing the ingredient (I).
• the production is carried out by embossing a depression in a molded body and filling this depression.
• the embossing can be done on a rotary press from Korsch respectively.
• a tablet press from Fette was used.
• a round tablet shape (26 X 36 mm) was selected and embossed on one side with a stamp 5 mm deep, the base area being chosen such that a volume of 1 ml could be filled in and the tablet subsequently had a smooth surface.
• a liquid mixture of paraffin and an active ingredient (I) was then introduced and allowed to cool. This cooling can be supported by common equipment methods.
• the ingredient (I) according to the invention was previously reduced in quantity in the corresponding recipe which surrounds the filled area and was omitted in the surrounding areas in the examples and investigations at hand.
• the special properties of the agents according to the invention were compared with known agents using the example of storage stability.
• the special properties of the agents according to the invention were compared with known agents using the example of tea cleaning.
• the special properties of the agents according to the invention were tested in comparison with known agents using the example of cleaning enzyme-relevant soiling.
• the special properties of the agents according to the invention were checked by technically untrained persons under practical conditions in comparison to homogeneous tablets. Apart from instructions for the dosage and general safety instructions, no influence was taken on the handling of the agents by the group of people in standard dishwashers. This comparison test turned out to be particularly good. The cleaning results were rated as particularly favorable here.
• samples (according to Ra) which contained small amounts of metal catalysts (each Mn catalyst, cobalt catalyst (cobalt pentammine chloro complex) and in one case n-methyl-Mo ⁇ holinium-acetonitrile-methyl sulfate (MMA) as a bleach activator component in a homogeneous distribution used in the tablet and once according to claim 1, so that the activator component was largely separated from other (especially enzyme-containing components)
• the storage stability after two weeks was significantly poorer in the case of the homogeneous tablet, so that only a little satisfactory cleaning effect on milk and more relevant Soiling was found. This applies to the normal assembly of the bleach activator component in area (I), which in the present case represented a hollow.
• molded bodies were produced with two areas, one area being realized in that a premix was produced with the aid of an upper punch provided with a pin, with a trough into which a premix for the area which was at most 40% the molded body surface takes, was pressed.
• the two-phase molded articles according to the invention were thus produced by the two process steps "production of trough molded articles” and "filling of the trough (formation of the area which takes up a maximum of 40% of the surface)".
• the molded body had the following dimensions:
• 16 l of cold city water (16 ° d) are briefly heated to boiling in a water treatment boiler.
• 96 g of black tea are drawn in the nylon net with the lid closed for 5 minutes and the tea is transferred to a diving apparatus with heating and agitator.
• teacups are dipped into the prepared tea brew 25 times at one-minute intervals at 70 ° C. The cups are then removed and placed on a tray with the opening facing down to dry.
• the trough of the trough body was made with MMA preparation forms (n-methyl-Mo ⁇ holinium-acetonitrile-methyl sulfate) as ingredient (I), which is 100% of its amount in the range, the maximum 40% (in the example: 7.3%) of the body surface occupies, was present, assembled in differently composed form bodies.
• the bleach-containing trough tablets made from the premix and weighing 24 g were filled with cores each having a mass of 1.3 g.
• the trough tablets were filled by melting PEG, incorporating the solids and pouring this melt into the prefabricated troughs or pressing the pure substances (E5, E6).
• composition of the different powder mixtures and thus the cores can be found in Table 1, which at the same time shows the cleaning performance of the filled core / trough moldings on tea soils produced according to (1) ⁇ test conditions see (2) ⁇ .
• the cleaning performance of an empty trough table was also determined (VI).
• a direct comparison between an ingredient that is not more than 80% localized in the more quickly soluble region of the molded body was also carried out (V2).
• Table 1 Composition of the cores (area which occupies 7.3% of the surface,% by weight) and cleaning performance of the core / mold body
• Table 1 shows that the localization of an ingredient in the area with a maximum of 40% of the surface is particularly effective if more than 80% of this ingredient is in this area (comparison V2 to El).

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Citations (7)

• 1997
  • 1997-12-30 DE DE19758183A patent/DE19758183A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1998
  • 1998-11-09 EP EP98963431A patent/EP1044254A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-11-09 SK SK1001-2000A patent/SK10012000A3/sk unknown
  • 1998-11-09 CZ CZ20002490A patent/CZ20002490A3/cs unknown
  • 1998-11-09 HU HU0100479A patent/HUP0100479A2/hu unknown
  • 1998-11-09 JP JP2000527617A patent/JP2002500267A/ja active Pending
  • 1998-11-09 PL PL98341374A patent/PL341374A1/xx unknown
  • 1998-11-09 WO PCT/EP1998/007153 patent/WO1999035231A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2000
  • 2000-03-06 CA CA002299584A patent/CA2299584A1/en not_active Abandoned

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