WO1998058963A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung polyklonaler und monoklonaler antikörper - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung polyklonaler und monoklonaler antikörper Download PDFInfo
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- WO1998058963A1 WO1998058963A1 PCT/EP1998/003844 EP9803844W WO9858963A1 WO 1998058963 A1 WO1998058963 A1 WO 1998058963A1 EP 9803844 W EP9803844 W EP 9803844W WO 9858963 A1 WO9858963 A1 WO 9858963A1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
- A01K67/0271—Chimeric vertebrates, e.g. comprising exogenous cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/10—Cells modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
- C12N5/12—Fused cells, e.g. hybridomas
- C12N5/16—Animal cells
- C12N5/163—Animal cells one of the fusion partners being a B or a T lymphocyte
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2510/00—Genetically modified cells
- C12N2510/02—Cells for production
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2517/00—Cells related to new breeds of animals
- C12N2517/02—Cells from transgenic animals
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for using an animal life according to claim 1 and in particular to a method for producing human and mouse monoclonal antibodies using at least one animal being according to claims 10 and 15 and a bioreactor according to claim 20.
- mice rats and rabbits are most commonly used for animal experiments, followed by dogs, sheep, goats and primates. The smaller the animal, the cheaper the cost of keeping it. In addition, breeding times are usually shorter for small animals. Advanced techniques, such as transgenic systems, have mainly been developed for mice (see for example DE 3301249 C2).
- mice The disadvantage of the tests using mice is the large gap in the evolutionary origins of humans and mice. Therefore, many results obtained in experiments using mice are only an indication, but do not prove the exact transferability to humans.
- a method for using an animal for producing monoclonal antibodies and / or testing human growth actuators and / or producing human immunoglobulms and blood components and / or producing polyclonal antisera and / or testing potential To create vaccines against infections, especially HIV infections, which enables relatively simple test and manufacturing conditions with high efficiency and reproducibility This problem is solved by the features of claim 1.
- Claim 10 defines a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention as a method for producing human onoclonal antibodies
- Claim 1 teaches the use of an animal for different manufacturing and test methods, which has a tolerance to human cells due to the transplantation of a human or animal stem cell into a fertilized egg of the animal. This treatment is not an exchange of genetic material or a genetic manipulation
- tissue cells, organs
- transplantation of tissue has two major problems.
- HLA tissue type
- the donor attacks tissue from the Recipient.
- What "self” means, each individual learns in an organ (the thymus) in the first phase of its development (in mammals in the first third of pregnancy). Everything that is not “self” later is qualified as “not self” (ie “foreign”) (with a few exceptions).
- cell culture any type of cell culture (such as cell hybrid) and tissue.
- any species could be considered as a recipient, that is, as an animal, in particular however, sheep, goat, rabbit, cow and chicken are preferred.
- any species would also be conceivable as a donor of the cells to be transferred, but preferably humans, mice, cell cultures, hybridos and chicken.
- the use of the horse and the sheep as an animal or recipient is particularly preferred.
- the anatomical situation of the sheep during pregnancy allows the fetus to be manipulated under ECHOKON ⁇ TROLLE at an early stage.
- Conducting an echo controlled Fetalmanipulation in sheep (but also the hare or the egg of a chicken) faces be ⁇ are known methods (eg peritoneal and uterine opening) a minimal intervention, the lightly loaded the animal as a receiver.
- the present invention therefore also considered to protect the animal in the implementation of OF INVENTION ⁇ to the invention process as much as possible the effort.
- Another preferred recipient is the rabbit, since its pregnancy physiology is much closer to that of the primate than that of the sheep. There is also the advantage of high reproducibility and a short pregnancy.
- the cow as the recipient should be mentioned as particularly advantageous, since studies carried out within the scope of the invention have shown that the milk of the cow, for example when carrying out corresponding production steps, contains a large amount of antibodies (in unglobins) which are obtained by removing the milk can be obtained and processed in an extremely simple manner.
- the egg would be (e.g. from Chicken to ostrich, which result in different sizes, different breeding times and different costs), because the entire fetal development takes place outside the mother's body.
- Chicken eggs have a particularly short breeding time with low costs and easy keeping.
- Monoclonal antibodies could be obtained from eggs which were later laid and which have a high content of immunoglobulins
- another preferred method step is that after birth the recipient's tolerant state, preferably with molecular-biological methods or with the so-called FACS method (fluorescence activated cell sorting)
- the method according to the invention takes advantage of the tolerance of the recipient (animal being) to carry out a large number of production and test methods.
- the results of the tests can be transferred to humans in the case of transplantation of human stem cells
- the tolerance does not change the fact that the living being to be used is an animal in which, for example, the transplantation of human atopoieic stem cells m utero (IUT) results in a tolerance due to an emerging relationship from blood cells of the recipient (such as the sheep) to those of the donor (human) from about 90% to 10% (animal to human blood) is produced
- animal liver ⁇ system would be the implementation of an infection of human blood cells in the living beings with pathogens, such as HIV, malaria or Leish- Manea In such a case it would be possible new drugs and vaccines to a functioning human blood system, which is, however, present in a living animal
- Another possibility according to the invention is the Hei position of specific oolyclonal immune sera (polyclonalei Immunoglobulins).
- polyclonalei Immunoglobulins are the human blood cells in the tolerant animal organisms with specifi ⁇ rule antigens such as tetanus, rabies, etc., stimulates (ge ⁇ inoculated), indicating a specific immune reaction with formation of polyclonal immunoglobulins result has.
- specifi ⁇ rule antigens such as tetanus, rabies, etc.
- Another fundamental application that makes the method according to the invention possible is the mass production of mouse monoclonal antibodies.
- such anti ⁇ body are obtained using mice, resulting in extremely small quantities but only per animal.
- mouse hybridoma cells can now be injected mtrapentoneally without causing foreign body reactions.
- the injected hybridoma cells multiply and begin with Formation of specific onoclonal antibodies This is clinically visible, for example, from the formation of an ascite.
- the ascites contain hybridoma cells and serum fluid with the desired antibodies. The isolation of these antibodies from this fluid is possible using known methods.
- the amount of ascites and thus the amount of antibodies to be obtained depends on the recipient, but is e.g. when using sheep or similarly large animals in the liter range and thus significantly higher than with the methods previously carried out with mice.
- monoclonal antibodies could be obtained from the sheep's milk with the same isolation procedure, which contains a high level of immunoglobulins
- the method according to claim 10 represents a further, particularly preferred application mode.
- This relates to a method for producing human mono-ionic antibodies by producing a tolerance in animals, particularly a sheep or a cow, towards human beings
- Cells by transplanting hematopoietic stem cells can stimulate the human immune system in the animal with any antigen (such as "alaria TBC, pabies, tumors, HIV, etc.) by subcutaneous in iz.erun ⁇ .
- the result of the stimulation is that reactive B -Cells emerge, which are isolated and fused with immortal myelo cells.
- the resulting hybrid orne can now m another, opposite animal which is tolerant to these myeloma cells are injected intraperitoneally. After injection, the cells grow and produce human human antibodies which can be removed, for example, from the ascites or milk or blood serum formed by suitable processes.
- the inventive method according to claim 10 is therefore particularly advantageous in that it enables the production of human monoclonal antibodies in which high hopes are placed for the treatment of tumors. Since the inventive method can be used to produce human monoclonal antibodies, there are also Great advantages over the currently produced mouse antibodies, since they only work well in vitro.
- the invention further relates to a bioreactor according to claim 20 and the subordinate claims 21 to 26 related thereto.
- the present invention includes the term "bioreactor" to the extent that parts of animals which are kept alive with the aid of artificial life-supporting devices insofar as the body which has a tolerance to a donor has a functional blood circulation and a functional organ in which after injection of Hybridoma cells that elicit an antibody reaction, monoclonal antibodies can be generated.
- this definition also includes a naturally living mammal or bird.
- horses and sheep are particularly preferred, since particularly large amounts of antibodies can be produced in these animals.
- the present invention thus encompasses both of the options explained above, the use of parts of the animal body which keep artificially alive has the advantage that the animal itself is dead, so that it no longer has any sensations, in particular pain sensations.
- the use of parts of the animal body which keep artificially alive has the advantage that the animal itself is dead, so that it no longer has any sensations, in particular pain sensations.
- pain in particular can be kept very low.
- bioreactor is both the mouse-tolerant or the mouse / human-tolerant part of the animal body and the mouse or Mouse / human tolerant animal before injection of the antibody-causing hybridoma cells.
- Figure 1 is a Pnnzipdargnagna for inducing To ⁇ leranz in an animal being
- FIG. 2 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 of a second possibility for inducing a tolerance in an animal being
- F g 3 is a representation corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 2 of a third possibility for inducing a tolerance in an animal being,
- 4A and 4B show a schematic diagram for the production of mouse mAb
- 5A and 5B show a schematic diagram to explain a method for producing human monoclonal antibodies.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows in a simplified manner how a tolerance can be induced by m utero transplantation of donor cells S in an embryo E of a carrier animal T.
- the injection of donor cells S takes place in the first third of pregnancy, in which the foreign cells cannot yet be recognized as a foreign body by the embryo. Accordingly, an immune system is created that identifies the donor cell S injected in the first third as its own cells. An animal C is thus born that has the respective tolerance
- FIG. 2 shows a second possibility of producing an animal with a certain tolerance.
- a certain tolerance in this case it is a matter of tolerance induction in an egg of a bird (for example a chicken or ostrich).
- the Er A also becomes the donor with the donor cells S vei see and then hatched
- the result is a Animal in the form of a bird V, which shows the corresponding tolerance.
- the method is preferably carried out under ultrasound control.
- FIG. 3 An example of a fundamentally possible in vitro transplant is explained in FIG. 3.
- artificial fertilization of the egg B with a sperm cell Z is first carried out.
- Foreign cells for example hematopoietic stem cells HSC, are injected into the fertilized sperm cell B '.
- the fertilized egg with the stem cells can then be injected into the womb of a carrier animal for the rest of the pregnancy. Again, an animal C with a tolerance corresponding to the injected cells is created.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B A method for producing onoclonal mouse antibodies is shown schematically in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
- the donor is a mouse, usually a mouse M from the inbred strain 3ald-C.
- a carrier animal T for example sheep
- fetal liver cells FLZ can be used in the embryo in the first third of pregnancy be implanted or injected.
- birth there is an animal C that has a mouse tolerance
- This animal C is used in accordance with the method steps in FIG. 4B to generate the monoclonal antibodies.
- hybrid domains HC of the donor a mouse of the ⁇ aib-C inbred strain
- the result is the growth of antibody-producing cells, which for example in the formation of an ascites ASC ze.gen From the liquid of the ascites (as well as from the blood ser ⁇ .'i and milk) the monoclonal mouse - Ant i -; Orpe r (mAK can be isolated.
- the advantage of this method is above all n ⁇ aarin to see that the resulting amount of MAK we is considerably larger and the efficiency of the method according to the invention is markedly increased compared to previous methods in which only mice were used.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B shows schematically a process for the preparation of human monoclonal antibodies ⁇ position 13 represents ⁇ provided. Mice from the Balb-C inbred strain and a human individual act as donors here.
- the process is characterized first of all by the fact that two different tolerances have to be induced in two different animal organisms.
- a mouse / human tolerance is generated with the help of animal stem cells 4 of a donor 10 and human stem cells 1 'in an embryo 5 of an animal being 6.
- a living being 12 After birth, a living being 12 has arisen that has a double tolerance (mouse / human). (Fig. 5B)
- a further animal 14 with a human tolerance is produced as shown in FIG. 5A.
- a human stem line 1 is injected into an embryo 2 of another carrier animal 3.
- the second animal 14 with a human tolerance arises.
- a suitable antigen is injected 7 m into animal 14 with human tolerance.
- the human part of the immune system of animal 14 to form human antibody-producing B-Zelier. 8 excited.
- These B cells 8 are removed from the animal 14 and isolated and fused with tumor cells 9 (myelo a cells) of the donor 10.
- the monoclonal antibodies 13 can now be obtained from the respective liquid, for example the ascites 15 shown in FIG. 5C, in a known manner
- mice of the inbred strain Balb-C were used as animal donors, the cells of the original donor 10 (see FIG. 5B) cannot be distinguished from the cells of the other Balb-C mice since all are "quasi" genetically and phenotypically identical this is the result of the intensive inbred
- the fusion of the human ⁇ union B cells with oen animal tumor cells 9 which originate also from Balb C mice 8 it is therefore sufficient that these cells 9 come from the Balb-C mice mentioned
- the expected hybrid dome cells are cells which are produced by a cell fusion.
- a ⁇ cell lymphocyte tissue
- T J ⁇ PO is a cell collection with the following character ika
- a myeloma is a tumor of a B cell that has the properties (a-e) mentioned.
- mAb monoclonal antibodies
- the tumor or myeloma cell 9 mentioned in connection with the explanation of FIG. 5A can originate, for example, from the Myeloma cell 1 X63-AG8 from Balb-C mice, which is commercially available.
- Myelomazei ler. able. for use within the scope of the present invention as a fuse
- the cells which contain the antibodies stimulated by the specific antigen are determined by testing.
- a particular advantage of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the number of cells that produce the corresponding specific antibodies is increased considerably by the excitation by a special antigen.
- the test methods for determining the hybridoma cells that are specifically desired are known per se.
- Ant igen A ⁇ molecules that react with antibodies. Their name results from their ability to produce antibodies. However, since some antigens cannot stimulate antibody production themselves, only those antigens that can induce antibody production are called immunogens.
- Antibody molecules are generated in response to immunization with an antigen. They are the specific molecules of the human immune response and bind and neutralize phatogens or prepare them for uptake and destruction by pharocytes. The antibody molecule has a unique structure that enables it to bind to specific antigens. However, all antibodies have the same overall structure and are referred to collectively as immunoglobulins.
- Mcncklonal mAK / mAb antibodies produced by a single antibody nucleus from B lymphocytes. Monoclonal antibodies are usually generated by the production of hybrid, antibody-forming cells from the fusion of myeloma cells with immune spleen cells.
- B cells B cells or B lymphocytes is one of two main classes of lymphocytes.
- the antigen receptor on E-cells which is sometimes referred to as the B cell receptor, is a cell surface immunoglobulin molecule. When activated by an antigen, E cells differentiate into cell-producing antibodies of the same specificity that the initializing receptor ha.
- Myeloma cell tumor cell with B cell lineage Stem cells Basophilic cells as the first stage in leukocyte development.
- Stem cells Stem cells, hematological cells with self-renewal and differentiation capacity; used in the clinic for hematopoietic reconstitution after radiation or chemotherapy (bone marrow transplantation).
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98936384A EP0923607A1 (de) | 1997-06-23 | 1998-06-23 | Verfahren zur herstellung polyklonaler und monoklonaler antikörper |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19726597.9 | 1997-06-23 | ||
DE19726597A DE19726597C1 (de) | 1997-06-23 | 1997-06-23 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von monoklonalen Antikörper |
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WO1998058963A1 true WO1998058963A1 (de) | 1998-12-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP1998/003844 WO1998058963A1 (de) | 1997-06-23 | 1998-06-23 | Verfahren zur herstellung polyklonaler und monoklonaler antikörper |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20030149996A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0923607A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19726597C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998058963A1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1135531A1 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2001-09-26 | Phylonix Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Methoden zur introduktion heterologer zellen in fische |
WO2002009507A1 (de) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-07 | Apogene Gmbh & Co. Kg | Somatischer klonierungs-gentransfer zur produktion von rekombinanten proteinen, zellen und organen |
EP1683810A1 (de) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-07-26 | Georg S. Wengler | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Antikörpern |
EP1826560A2 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2007-08-29 | Phylonix Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Verfahren zur Einführung von heterologischen Zellen in Fische |
US7879598B2 (en) | 2000-09-04 | 2011-02-01 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Multianalyte determination system and methods |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19918327A1 (de) * | 1999-04-22 | 2000-10-26 | Georg S Wengler | Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Spender-Toleranz im menschlichen Körper |
US20030044398A1 (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2003-03-06 | Robl James M. | Methods for producing antibodies in mammals |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997047654A1 (en) * | 1996-06-11 | 1997-12-18 | Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. | Human monoclonal antibodies to the hepatitis b surface antigen |
-
1997
- 1997-06-23 DE DE19726597A patent/DE19726597C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-06-23 EP EP98936384A patent/EP0923607A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-06-23 WO PCT/EP1998/003844 patent/WO1998058963A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-23 US US09/242,856 patent/US20030149996A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997047654A1 (en) * | 1996-06-11 | 1997-12-18 | Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. | Human monoclonal antibodies to the hepatitis b surface antigen |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7408095B2 (en) | 1998-02-23 | 2008-08-05 | Phylonix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods for introducing heterologous cells into fish to determine if the heterologous cells contain cancer cells or a pathogen |
EP1135531A1 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2001-09-26 | Phylonix Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Methoden zur introduktion heterologer zellen in fische |
EP1135531A4 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2005-03-09 | Phylonix Pharmaceuticals Inc | Methoden zur introduktion heterologer zellen in fische |
EP1826560A2 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2007-08-29 | Phylonix Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Verfahren zur Einführung von heterologischen Zellen in Fische |
EP1826560A3 (de) * | 1998-12-01 | 2007-11-14 | Phylonix Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Verfahren zur Einführung von heterologischen Zellen in Fische |
US7838726B2 (en) | 1998-12-01 | 2010-11-23 | Phylonix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods for introducing heterologous cells into fish |
WO2002009507A1 (de) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-07 | Apogene Gmbh & Co. Kg | Somatischer klonierungs-gentransfer zur produktion von rekombinanten proteinen, zellen und organen |
US8030537B1 (en) | 2000-07-27 | 2011-10-04 | Apogene Gmbh & Co. Kg | Somatic cloning gene transfer for the production of recombinant proteins, cells and organs |
US7879598B2 (en) | 2000-09-04 | 2011-02-01 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Multianalyte determination system and methods |
EP1683810A1 (de) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-07-26 | Georg S. Wengler | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Antikörpern |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19726597C1 (de) | 1998-11-19 |
EP0923607A1 (de) | 1999-06-23 |
US20030149996A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
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