WO1998001916A1 - Procede de fabrication de pieces moulees, notamment d'elements de grilles en plomb - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication de pieces moulees, notamment d'elements de grilles en plomb Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1998001916A1
WO1998001916A1 PCT/DE1996/001287 DE9601287W WO9801916A1 WO 1998001916 A1 WO1998001916 A1 WO 1998001916A1 DE 9601287 W DE9601287 W DE 9601287W WO 9801916 A1 WO9801916 A1 WO 9801916A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mold
lattice
casting
flow
dispensing nozzle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1996/001287
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans Stumpf
Original Assignee
Accumulatorenwerke Hoppecke Carl Zoellner & Sohn Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Accumulatorenwerke Hoppecke Carl Zoellner & Sohn Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Accumulatorenwerke Hoppecke Carl Zoellner & Sohn Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority to KR1019980701674A priority Critical patent/KR19990044429A/ko
Priority to PL96325417A priority patent/PL325417A1/xx
Priority to JP10504623A priority patent/JPH11512975A/ja
Priority to PCT/DE1996/001287 priority patent/WO1998001916A1/fr
Priority to EP96923850A priority patent/EP0848858A1/fr
Publication of WO1998001916A1 publication Critical patent/WO1998001916A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/0651—Casting wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
    • B22D25/02—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product by its peculiarity of shape; of works of art
    • B22D25/04—Casting metal electric battery plates or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • B29C31/042—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity using dispensing heads, e.g. extruders, placed over or apart from the moulds
    • B29C31/048—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity using dispensing heads, e.g. extruders, placed over or apart from the moulds the material being severed at the dispensing head exit, e.g. as ring, drop or gob, and transported immediately into the mould, e.g. by gravity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C41/34—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C41/36—Feeding the material on to the mould, core or other substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/72—Grids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H01M4/72—Grids
    • H01M4/73—Grids for lead-acid accumulators, e.g. frame plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/82—Multi-step processes for manufacturing carriers for lead-acid accumulators
    • H01M4/84—Multi-step processes for manufacturing carriers for lead-acid accumulators involving casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/0038—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with sealing means or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/0061—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the configuration of the material feeding channel
    • B29C33/0072—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the configuration of the material feeding channel with a configuration promoting turbulency, e.g. for after-mixing in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/737—Articles provided with holes, e.g. grids, sieves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of molded parts by casting a curable material which, in a flowable state, is guided to a dispensing nozzle and, via relative movement between the dispensing nozzle and a negative mold, is dispensed in the negative mold and removed after solidification.
  • One area of application for such technologies is, for example, the casting of grid elements made of lead, which are used in particular for the production of lead electrodes in the production of rechargeable batteries. Due to the flowable state, the material introduced into the negative mold via the dispensing nozzle tends to spread rapidly in the negative mold and in particular also to fill the mold prematurely with respect to the dispensing nozzle, so that liquid material is added to solidified material during the further mold filling process due to the relative movement. where it comes to the formation of a non-material and thus non-positive separation point in the molded part. Molded parts with such defects cannot be used for further use. It is known in the prior art to arrange sealing strips in the region of the dispensing nozzle in order to avoid uncontrolled premature flow, which essentially protrude into the negative mold and prevent uncontrolled premature filling of the mold with flow material.
  • the relative movement results in a friction pairing between the mold and the dispensing nozzle and the sealing strips attached to it, which preferably leads to high material stress in areas where nozzle parts and mold areas are in continuous sliding contact.
  • the sliding surfaces between the mold wall and sealing strips are particularly exposed and are subject to increased frictional wear compared to the other contact surfaces between the mold and the discharge nozzle.
  • the result is frequent reworking of the dispensing nozzles combined with unproductive machine downtime and increased costs due to premature mold wear.
  • the present invention is based on the object of improving the process for the production of molded parts of the generic type in such a way that an uncontrolled leading outflow can be prevented, so that sealing strips can essentially be dispensed with.
  • the flowing material in the mold cavities which run in or against the casting direction (production direction), be forced to change direction at least once in the region of the dispensing nozzle.
  • the measure according to the invention effectively limits the leading outflow of the liquid material into the mold areas leading to the dispensing nozzle, since the liquid material is prevented from continuing to flow in a straight line and is forced to change direction.
  • the flow speed slows down considerably and the liquid material is slowed down in its leading movement.
  • the advance distance is reduced to such an extent that the material in the advance region no longer solidifies and, in the course of the constant relative movement from the mold to the dispensing nozzle, is still mixed in the liquid state via the dispensing nozzle with new liquid material and replenished.
  • the change in direction transverse to the direction of flow of the material is advantageously effected, with particular advantage by interrupting the otherwise straight-line flow channel.
  • these consist of a frame and interposed webs which cross or branch in a grid-like manner and which are designed to run in at least two directions to one another.
  • a multiplicity of webs is parallel in each case, so that meshes are formed.
  • the flowable material is usually brought into the mold and runs out along the webs in all given directions, which the mesh-shaped lattice shape offers, in an uncontrolled manner.
  • This flow especially the resulting leading outward flow, which is opposite to the direction of movement of the mold, can be substantially prevented by the fact that the webs and lattice frames running in the direction of the mold movement are only of a finite length, branch orthogonally at their ends in the transverse direction (longitudinal webs) or orthogonal are cranked (lattice top and bottom frames) in such a way that they form a net-like lattice structure with orthogonally staggered longitudinal bars and orthogonally cranked lattice top and bottom frames.
  • lattice-free lattice production system with the design of a lattice with offset lattice longitudinal bars and cranked upper and lower frames also allows frame contouring with rounded corners, especially in the transition area from lattice upper and lower frames to the transverse frame.
  • the method according to the invention is advantageously used for casting lead.
  • the method according to the invention is advantageously suitable for continuous casting methods in which the negative mold is formed on the outer surface of a cylinder, for example by engraving.
  • the cylinder sits on a drum, which can be cooled in an advantageous manner.
  • the discharge nozzle is usually in cylinder width close to the drum and the drum is set in rotation.
  • the flowable lead is brought to the dispensing nozzle and introduced under pressure into the negative mold which is brought about by the rotation. Due to the web offset, there is no uncontrolled leading spreading of the flowable material, so that easily wearing sealing strips can be dispensed with. This also enables edge contouring.
  • the invention thus also provides a new cylindrical mold in which the flow channel is interrupted at least once in the direction of production.
  • a lead mesh element produced by the method according to the invention is a completely new element in which the longitudinal mesh bars are interrupted in at least one direction.
  • the interruption is advantageously carried out by parallel displacement between crossbars.
  • This measure provides a lattice element which can be produced economically and easily in a continuous process and, moreover, offers the very special possibility of being contoured in the region of the edges on the frame side. For example, all corners can be rounded, which considerably simplifies the automatic further processing of the grid electrodes in later process stages.
  • new grid elements of this type can be introduced into separator pockets simply and without destroying separator material.
  • Other contours can also be formed, for example connecting holes and the like, which was previously not possible due to the necessity of using sealing strips.
  • the invention provides an economical and simple method, a novel casting mold and a novel grating element made of lead, which considerably simplify the automatic, continuous casting and make it more economical.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a grid element according to the invention.
  • the lattice element 1 shown in FIG. 1 consists of a frame 2, which comprises an upper lattice frame 3, a lower lattice frame 4 and transverse frames 5 on both sides.
  • a lug 6 is formed on the upper lattice frame 3, which can later be provided with a hole in order to be connected to other lattice elements of the same type to form a stack of plates.
  • a grating is formed within the frame 2, which is formed from grating longitudinal webs 7 and grating transverse webs 8.
  • the corners 9 are rounded and in the area of the upper frame 3 and the lower frame 4, crankings 10 are formed.
  • the grid element 1 according to the invention can be produced by means of continuous casting processes.
  • a casting mold can be formed on the cylindrical outside of a drum, which represents the negative shape of the grating element 1 shown in FIG. 1 in a continuous manner over the entire cylindrical outer surface.
  • a large number of lattice elements can thus be cast as an endless series of cross frames on connected lattice elements.
  • the drum moves past a discharge nozzle, from which flowable molten lead emerges. It is placed in the mold and moves there prematurely. In particular, it will only be able to advance in the shaped channels for the longitudinal bars of the grid at a very low speed, since these are constantly interrupted and thus regularly force the lead to change direction. Consequently the lattice element according to the invention can be produced and even be formed with offsets, rounded corners and the like.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

Afin d'améliorer un procédé de fabrication de pièces moulées par coulée d'un matériau durcissable, il est prévu selon l'invention de forcer le matériau en écoulement à changer au moins une fois de direction dans les cavités du moule, qui s'étendent dans ou contre la direction de coulée (direction de fabrication). L'invention concerne en outre un moule cylindrique nouveau, en fonte, et un élément de grille nouveau en plomb.
PCT/DE1996/001287 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 Procede de fabrication de pieces moulees, notamment d'elements de grilles en plomb WO1998001916A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019980701674A KR19990044429A (ko) 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 납 그리드 부재를 제조하는 방법
PL96325417A PL325417A1 (en) 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 Method of making formpieces in particular those in the form of a leaden latticework
JP10504623A JPH11512975A (ja) 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 成形部品、特に鉛からなる格子部材を形成する方法
PCT/DE1996/001287 WO1998001916A1 (fr) 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 Procede de fabrication de pieces moulees, notamment d'elements de grilles en plomb
EP96923850A EP0848858A1 (fr) 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 Procede de fabrication de pieces moulees, notamment d'elements de grilles en plomb

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE1996/001287 WO1998001916A1 (fr) 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 Procede de fabrication de pieces moulees, notamment d'elements de grilles en plomb

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1998001916A1 true WO1998001916A1 (fr) 1998-01-15

Family

ID=6918363

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1996/001287 WO1998001916A1 (fr) 1996-07-09 1996-07-09 Procede de fabrication de pieces moulees, notamment d'elements de grilles en plomb

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0848858A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11512975A (fr)
KR (1) KR19990044429A (fr)
PL (1) PL325417A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998001916A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1073137A2 (fr) * 1999-07-30 2001-01-31 Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. Grilles de batterie

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1900048B1 (fr) * 2005-05-23 2011-10-05 Johnson Controls Technology Company Grille de batterie
KR101780759B1 (ko) * 2010-03-03 2017-09-21 존슨 컨트롤스 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 배터리 그리드 및 배터리 그리드 제조 방법
US9761883B2 (en) 2011-11-03 2017-09-12 Johnson Controls Technology Company Battery grid with varied corrosion resistance
DE102013111109A1 (de) 2013-10-08 2015-04-09 Johnson Controls Autobatterie Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Gitteranordnung für eine plattenförmige Batterieelektrode eines elektrochemischen Akkumulators sowie Akkumulator
DE102013111667A1 (de) 2013-10-23 2015-04-23 Johnson Controls Autobatterie Gmbh & Co. Kgaa Gitteranordnung für eine plattenförmige Batterieelektrode und Akkumulator

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1571333A (en) * 1923-10-02 1926-02-02 Ralph A Hoffman Grid for storage batteries
US1636242A (en) * 1921-01-03 1927-07-19 Hazelett Storage Battery Compa Apparatus for and method of forming storage-battery grids
US1651678A (en) * 1926-05-21 1927-12-06 Jasper N Davis Machine for the manufacture of storage-battery plates
US1659654A (en) * 1921-02-21 1928-02-21 Hazelett Storage Battery Compa Method of making storage-battery plates
US1963736A (en) * 1931-10-21 1934-06-19 Leon A Doughty Battery plate
US2064324A (en) * 1935-03-13 1936-12-15 Western Electric Co Electric storage battery
US3515778A (en) * 1967-03-02 1970-06-02 Du Pont Continuous molding of thermoplastic resin
JPS5650064A (en) * 1979-09-28 1981-05-07 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Electrode based-body for lead storage battery
JPS5659566A (en) * 1979-10-17 1981-05-23 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Continuous casting device of grid for lead storage battery
GB2082092A (en) * 1980-08-21 1982-03-03 Chloride Group Ltd Method of making battery plates
US4415016A (en) * 1982-05-20 1983-11-15 Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. Machine for continuously casting battery grids
FR2534070A1 (fr) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-06 Gnb Batteries Inc Procede de fabrication de grilles d'accumulateurs et alliage a base de plomb a faible teneur d'antimoine pour les grilles de batteries
JPS6084770A (ja) * 1983-10-14 1985-05-14 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd 鉛電池正極格子
JPS60174240A (ja) * 1984-02-20 1985-09-07 Hitachi Ltd ロ−タリ−式連続鋳造設備の鋳造輪

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04301367A (ja) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-23 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd 鉛蓄電池極板用格子体
JPH08124574A (ja) * 1994-10-26 1996-05-17 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd 鉛蓄電池用格子体及びその連続鋳造機及び鉛蓄電池
JPH08318348A (ja) * 1995-05-26 1996-12-03 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd 蓄電池格子体連続鋳造用鋳型

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1636242A (en) * 1921-01-03 1927-07-19 Hazelett Storage Battery Compa Apparatus for and method of forming storage-battery grids
US1659654A (en) * 1921-02-21 1928-02-21 Hazelett Storage Battery Compa Method of making storage-battery plates
US1571333A (en) * 1923-10-02 1926-02-02 Ralph A Hoffman Grid for storage batteries
US1651678A (en) * 1926-05-21 1927-12-06 Jasper N Davis Machine for the manufacture of storage-battery plates
US1963736A (en) * 1931-10-21 1934-06-19 Leon A Doughty Battery plate
US2064324A (en) * 1935-03-13 1936-12-15 Western Electric Co Electric storage battery
US3515778A (en) * 1967-03-02 1970-06-02 Du Pont Continuous molding of thermoplastic resin
JPS5650064A (en) * 1979-09-28 1981-05-07 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Electrode based-body for lead storage battery
JPS5659566A (en) * 1979-10-17 1981-05-23 Yuasa Battery Co Ltd Continuous casting device of grid for lead storage battery
GB2082092A (en) * 1980-08-21 1982-03-03 Chloride Group Ltd Method of making battery plates
US4415016A (en) * 1982-05-20 1983-11-15 Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. Machine for continuously casting battery grids
FR2534070A1 (fr) * 1982-09-30 1984-04-06 Gnb Batteries Inc Procede de fabrication de grilles d'accumulateurs et alliage a base de plomb a faible teneur d'antimoine pour les grilles de batteries
JPS6084770A (ja) * 1983-10-14 1985-05-14 Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd 鉛電池正極格子
JPS60174240A (ja) * 1984-02-20 1985-09-07 Hitachi Ltd ロ−タリ−式連続鋳造設備の鋳造輪

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 005, no. 109 (E - 065) 15 July 1981 (1981-07-15) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 005, no. 119 (M - 081) 31 July 1981 (1981-07-31) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 230 (E - 343) 17 September 1985 (1985-09-17) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 010 (M - 446) 16 January 1986 (1986-01-16) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1073137A2 (fr) * 1999-07-30 2001-01-31 Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. Grilles de batterie
EP1073137A3 (fr) * 1999-07-30 2005-08-31 Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. Grilles de batterie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0848858A1 (fr) 1998-06-24
KR19990044429A (ko) 1999-06-25
PL325417A1 (en) 1998-07-20
JPH11512975A (ja) 1999-11-09

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