WO1996031634A1 - Materiau metallique resistant a l'oxydation - Google Patents
Materiau metallique resistant a l'oxydation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996031634A1 WO1996031634A1 PCT/JP1996/000914 JP9600914W WO9631634A1 WO 1996031634 A1 WO1996031634 A1 WO 1996031634A1 JP 9600914 W JP9600914 W JP 9600914W WO 9631634 A1 WO9631634 A1 WO 9631634A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thermal expansion
- stabilized zirconia
- expansion coefficient
- coefficient
- metallic material
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/0071—Oxides
- H01M2300/0074—Ion conductive at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
- H01M8/0208—Alloys
- H01M8/021—Alloys based on iron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0215—Glass; Ceramic materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an oxidation-resistant metal material having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of stabilized zirconia used as a solid electrolyte or the like and having excellent oxidation resistance at high temperatures.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the TBC
- Fig. 2 is an example of the cross-sectional structure of the TBC installed in the combustor.
- A is the ceramic layer
- B is the intermediate layer
- C is the alloy
- Tg is the high-temperature combustion gas temperature
- Ta is the cooling air temperature
- the respective surface or boundary temperature The respective surface or boundary temperature.
- TBC coats metal parts having a temperature difference with ceramic with low thermal conductivity to prevent the temperature of metal parts from rising.
- Gas Turbi Has been used for more than 10 years, mainly for combustors.Recently, application to cooling blades has been studied extensively. Confirmed.
- TBC is usually thermal conductivity (cal / cm's' ° C ) is Zr0 2 (MgO a is A1 2 0 3 or less and 0.005 to 0.006 compared to Ti0 2 of 0.01 ⁇ 0.02 0.04 ⁇ 0.08, Y 2 0 3, Ni-Al-based alloys, Ni-Cr-based alloys for the purpose of reducing the difference in thermal expansion or improving corrosion resistance between the ceramic sprayed layer and the alloy (base material) whose main component is a stabilizing material such as CaO) , M-Cr-Al-Y alloy (M ( ⁇ Fe, NI, Co, etc.)) consisting of an intermediate sprayed layer.
- This intermediate layer can be multi-layered as a mixed layer of metal and ceramic, It is also researched to do things.
- PAFC phosphoric acid type
- MCFC molten carbonate type
- SOFC solid electrolyte type
- the solid oxide fuel cell has a structure in which a fuel electrode (anode) 2 and an air electrode (cathode) 3 sandwich both sides of an electrolyte plate 1 of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ).
- the unit cells 4 are stacked in multiple layers via a separator 5 and formed between the sensor 5 and the anode 2.
- Supplied H 2 and CO force the fuel in the passage space 6 to be shall be the basic configuration supplied air force in the passage space 7 formed between the separator 5 and the air electrode (force Sword) 3 .
- the reformer 8 in the former stage reforms it into a gas mainly composed of hydrogen. That is, in the reformer 8, the fuel city gas is reformed into hydrogen and carbon monoxide using steam generated by the cell reaction and the heat of reaction, and a part of the reformed gas is sent to the fuel electrode 2 as methane.
- oxygen ions are generated from oxygen obtained from the air and electrons from the external circuit 9. Oxygen ions travel to the anode 2 through the electrolyte plate 1.
- DC power is supplied to the load of the external circuit 9, for example, a light bulb.
- the goal of the development of the high-temperature gas turbine in the Moonlight Project is to achieve an inlet gas temperature of 1773K, and achieve the goal with a steam turbine driven by the exhaust heat of the turbine.
- the goal is to achieve a total power generation efficiency of 55% through so-called combined power generation.
- the efficiency of thermal power generation using only steam turbines is about 40%. If this efficiency is improved by 10%, it is said that Japan can save about 310 billion yen in fuel power for one year.
- Ni-based superalloys are used to achieve the above goals of high temperature and high efficiency.However, if the alloy is used without coating in a gas turbine, only a life of about one year can be expected. . Therefore, it is essential to perform the coating. And power, since the difference in thermal expansion coefficient of the stabilizing Jirukonia (10 ⁇ 12 X 10- 6 / degree K) and the thermal expansion coefficient of the Ni-base superalloy (18 to about 20 X 10- 6 / K) is large, stable There is a problem that cracks are easily generated in the sprayed layer of zirconia.
- the intermediate layer made of Ni-Al alloy, Ni-Cr alloy, M-Cr-Al-Y alloy (M is Fe, NI, Co, etc.) etc.
- M is Fe, NI, Co, etc.
- Fuel cells usually have a configuration in which flat plates are stacked as shown in Fig. 3 in order to reduce the internal resistance and increase the electrode area per volume.
- the separator 5 is air electrode 3 and the fuel electrode 2, the solid electrolyte 1 is approximated as thermal expansion coefficient and oxidation resistance, since it is required to highly conductive, on the material (La, alkaline Asu) Cr0 3 Is generally used.
- the specific role of the separator 5 is to separate the single cells 4 when stacking the single cells 4 and to have a function of shutting off H 2 as fuel and air, and a function of holding the electrolyte plate 1. have.
- the area of the electrolyte plate 1 In order to hold the electrolyte plate 1, the area of the electrolyte plate 1 must be larger than the area of the fuel electrode 2 or the air electrode 3 in advance, so that the electrolyte plate 1 can be easily laminated with the separator 5. Can hold one. However, since the separator 5 is a ceramic as described above, the strength is weak and the formability is poor.
- the air electrode which is in an oxidizing atmosphere at high temperature
- the fuel electrode which is in a reducing atmosphere
- Metal separators have problems of thermal expansion coefficient mismatch and oxide film growth on heat-resistant steel.
- Thermal expansion coefficient is determined by the method of using LaMnOx foam as a connector or controlling the composition of metal. attempts have been made to approximate the re thermal expansion coefficient, no force for oxidation coatings have been tried and a method of spraying LaCr0 3 V, the results deviated even satisfied are obtained.
- the inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies on a metal material having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of stabilized zirconia and having excellent oxidation resistance. As a result, Cr, W and M (M is
- Fe-based alloy containing a specific amount of one or more of Y, Hf, Ce, La, Nd, and Dy has a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of stabilized zirconia, and has excellent oxidation resistance at high temperatures It was found that.
- the inventors have found that by adding a small amount of B to the Cr-W-M-Fe-based alloy, it is possible to prevent the segregation of W in the alloy at the grain boundaries, and have completed the present invention.
- Known alloys containing Cr, W, and Fe include ferrite steels used in gas turbines and boiler tubes. (JP-B 57-45822, JP-B 3-59135, JP-B 3-65428, JP-B 4-54737, JP-B 5-5891, JP-A 2-290950, etc.) All alloys were designed to improve strength at high temperatures, and no consideration was given to their coefficient of thermal expansion.
- the composition was 7.0 to 15.0 wt% for Cr and 0.05 to 3.5 wt% for W, all different from the alloy composition of the present invention.
- Cr contains 15 to 40 wt%, W 5 to 15 wt%, one or more of Y, Hf, Ce, La, Nd, and Dy in an amount of 0.01 to 1 wt%, or further contains B in an amount of 0.001 to 0.01 wt%.
- Balance Fe And it consists inevitable impurities, an oxidation resistant metallic material the average thermal expansion coefficient is less than 12 X 10- 6 / K or 13 X 10 ⁇ 6 / ⁇ in 1000 ° C from room temperature.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a thermal barrier coating material (TBC).
- TBC thermal barrier coating material
- FIG. 2 is a photograph explanatory view showing an example of a cross-sectional structure of a thermal barrier coating material (TBC).
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the solid oxide fuel cell.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation principle of the solid oxide fuel cell. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- Cr is a basic component for obtaining heat resistance, and must contain at least 15 wt%. However, even if it is added in excess of 40 wt%, the effect strength is saturated, the thermal expansion coefficient increases, and the workability deteriorates, so the amount increases by 15 to 40 wt%. More preferably, it is in the range of 15 to 25 wt%.
- W is a basic component for obtaining a predetermined coefficient of thermal expansion, and must contain at least 5 wt%. However, if added in excess of 15 wt%, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases, which is not desirable. More preferably, it is in the range of 5 to 10% by weight.
- Y, Hf, Ce, La, Nd and Dy have the effect of improving the oxidation resistance when added alone or in combination, and are preferably contained at least 0.01 wt%. However, if added in excess of lwt%, the hot workability rapidly deteriorates, so V is preferred, and the addition range is 0.01 to lwt%.
- B has the effect of preventing W from segregating to the grain boundaries, and preferably contains at least 0.001 wt%. However, the effect is saturated even if it is added in excess of 0.01 wt%, so the content is set to 0.001 to 0.01 wt%.
- Fe forms the backbone of the metal material according to the present invention and accounts for the balance of the above elements.
- the metal material according to the present invention can be obtained, for example, by a known method such as melting and sintering. Appropriately select a form according to the application, such as subjecting it to hot or cold working, or powdering and using it. Can be.
- the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the metal material according to the present invention are equivalent to those of stainless steel conventionally used in such applications.
- Thermal expansion coefficient of the metal material according to the present invention in order to substantially equal to the thermal expansion coefficient of the stabilizing Jirukonia (10- 12 X 10-6 K), the average thermal expansion coefficient at 1000 ° C from room temperature 12.0x 10_ 6 Limited to the range of / K or more and less than 13.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / ⁇ .
- Metallic material according to the present invention is excellent in having and oxidation resistance of the thermal expansion coefficient approximate to the thermal expansion coefficient of the stabilizing Jirukonia (10 ⁇ 12 X 10- 6 / ⁇ ), stabilized zirconium Nia is used Stabilized zirconia or stabilized zirconia, such as a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating material, an intermediate layer between a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating and a base material in a solid electrolyte fuel cell, or a separator material of a solid electrolyte fuel cell. It has optimal properties for use with materials having similar coefficients of thermal expansion as niers.
- Example 1 Example 1
- Table 2 shows that the metal material according to the present invention has a coefficient of thermal expansion close to that of stabilized zirconia (10 to 12 X 10-6 / K) and has excellent oxidation resistance. I understand.
- the increase in oxidation was evaluated by a value obtained by dividing the difference between the weight after heating at 1000 ° C for 1000 hours in air and the weight before heating by the surface area of the sample. ⁇
- samples without B (Samples Nos. 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9) had some W grain boundary segregation, while samples with B added (Samples Nos. 1 and 3). For (7), there was no W grain boundary segregation.
- (M Y, Hf, Ce, La, Nd, Dy) is a metal material that has a thermal expansion coefficient much closer to that of stabilized zirconia than stainless steel, and Because of its excellent oxidation resistance at high temperatures, it is ideal as an intermediate layer between a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating made of stabilized zirconia and a base material, or as a separator material for solid oxide fuel cells using stabilized zirconia as a solid electrolyte. is there.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96908334A EP0767248B1 (en) | 1995-04-04 | 1996-04-03 | Oxidation-resistant metallic material |
US08/737,993 US5800152A (en) | 1995-04-04 | 1996-04-03 | Oxidation resistant metallic materials |
DE69622810T DE69622810T2 (de) | 1995-04-04 | 1996-04-03 | Oxidationsbeständiges metallisches material |
KR1019960706892A KR100229293B1 (ko) | 1994-06-08 | 1996-04-03 | 내산화성 금속재료 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7/104899 | 1995-04-04 | ||
JP10489995A JP3236755B2 (ja) | 1995-04-04 | 1995-04-04 | 耐酸化性金属材料 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996031634A1 true WO1996031634A1 (fr) | 1996-10-10 |
Family
ID=14393000
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1996/000914 WO1996031634A1 (fr) | 1994-06-08 | 1996-04-03 | Materiau metallique resistant a l'oxydation |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5800152A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0767248B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3236755B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1073641C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69622810T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996031634A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020022170A1 (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2002-02-21 | Franklin Jerrold E. | Integrated and modular BSP/MEA/manifold plates for fuel cells |
AT4737U1 (de) * | 2001-01-15 | 2001-11-26 | Plansee Ag | Pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zur herstellung hochdichter formteile |
AT4810U1 (de) | 2001-05-31 | 2001-11-26 | Plansee Ag | Stromsammler für sofc-brennstoffzellen |
CA2383808C (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2009-10-27 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Steel for separators of solid-oxide type fuel cells |
AU2003276936A1 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-19 | Arizona Board Of Regents Acting For An On Behalf Of, Arizona State University | Apparatus and method of using thin film material as diffusion barrier for metallization |
US7670707B2 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2010-03-02 | Altergy Systems, Inc. | Electrical contacts for fuel cells |
KR100590552B1 (ko) * | 2004-03-19 | 2006-06-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료전지용 금속제 분리판 및 그 내식처리방법 |
US20070087250A1 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-04-19 | Lewis Daniel J | Alloy for fuel cell interconnect |
US20070122304A1 (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-05-31 | Ramasesha Sheela K | Alloys for intermediate temperature applications, methods for maufacturing thereof and articles comprising the same |
US7745029B2 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2010-06-29 | General Electric Company | Ferritic steels for solid oxide fuel cells and other high temperature applications |
US20090286107A1 (en) * | 2008-05-13 | 2009-11-19 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Ferritic Alloy Compositions |
DE102009037206B4 (de) * | 2009-08-12 | 2019-09-19 | Elringklinger Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Bipolarplatte für einen Brennstoffzellenstack und Bipolarplatte für einen Brennstoffzellenstack |
KR101301364B1 (ko) * | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-29 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 열차폐 코팅층의 단열성능 시험방법 |
US20180191014A1 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-07-05 | Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. | Solid oxide fuel cell system having coating layer formed thereon |
CN110574197B (zh) | 2017-03-27 | 2023-03-31 | 日铁不锈钢株式会社 | 不锈钢材、结构构件、单电池和燃料电池堆 |
JP7303955B1 (ja) | 2023-03-24 | 2023-07-05 | 昭和産業株式会社 | 麺類の製造方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04254567A (ja) * | 1990-04-17 | 1992-09-09 | General Electric Co <Ge> | チタンの酸化防止用の被膜系 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2553330A (en) * | 1950-11-07 | 1951-05-15 | Carpenter Steel Co | Hot workable alloy |
DD136750B1 (de) * | 1978-05-29 | 1982-12-29 | Hans Hinrichs | Hochbelastbare werkstoffpaarung |
GB2056487B (en) * | 1979-05-29 | 1984-04-18 | Howmet Turbine Components | Superalloy coating composition |
DE3926479A1 (de) * | 1989-08-10 | 1991-02-14 | Siemens Ag | Rheniumhaltige schutzbeschichtung, mit grosser korrosions- und/oder oxidationsbestaendigkeit |
DE69403975T2 (de) * | 1993-02-03 | 1997-12-18 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Hitzebeständiger austenitischer Gussstahl und daraus hergestellte Bauteile eines Auspuffsystems |
-
1995
- 1995-04-04 JP JP10489995A patent/JP3236755B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-04-03 EP EP96908334A patent/EP0767248B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-03 WO PCT/JP1996/000914 patent/WO1996031634A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1996-04-03 CN CN96190292A patent/CN1073641C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-04-03 US US08/737,993 patent/US5800152A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-03 DE DE69622810T patent/DE69622810T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04254567A (ja) * | 1990-04-17 | 1992-09-09 | General Electric Co <Ge> | チタンの酸化防止用の被膜系 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1073641C (zh) | 2001-10-24 |
EP0767248B1 (en) | 2002-08-07 |
JP3236755B2 (ja) | 2001-12-10 |
DE69622810D1 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
JPH08277441A (ja) | 1996-10-22 |
EP0767248A4 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
CN1149892A (zh) | 1997-05-14 |
US5800152A (en) | 1998-09-01 |
EP0767248A1 (en) | 1997-04-09 |
DE69622810T2 (de) | 2002-11-28 |
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