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• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
  • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
  • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
  • A61K33/243—Platinum; Compounds thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

• the degree of amplification of certain genes correlates with the degree of malignancy.
• the chances of survival when amplifying ERW2, RASKI, INT3, HST1, MYC and KSRAM in gastric cancer Hirohasi, S., and Sugimura, T. Genetic alterations in human gastric cancer.Cancer cells (Cold Spring Habor), 3:49 -52, 1991) and ERBB2 and MYC in ovarian cancer (Sasano, H., Garrett, CT., Wilkinson, DS, Silverberg, S., Comerford, J., and Hyde, J.
• HST1 and INT2 correlates with the degree of metastasis (Tsuda, T., Tahara, E., Kajiyama, G., Sakamoto, H., Terada, M., and Sugimura, T. High incidence of coamplification of hst-1 and int-2 genes in human esophageal carcinomas. Cancer Res. 49: 5505-5508, 1989).
• Protease inhibitors are also described as effective anti-promoters in in vivo studies (Troll, W., Klassen, A., and Janoff, A. Tumorigenesis in mouse skin: inhibition by synthetic inhibitors of proteases. Science (Washington DC) 169: 1211-1213, 1970).
• 5'-nucleosides are: 5- (2-bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU), (E) -5- (2-bromovinyl) -1-ß-D-arabinofuranosyluracil, (E) -5- (2-bromovyny1-2'-deoxy-4'-thiouridine.
• Fig. 2 5-iodo-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, 2'-deoxy-5 -trifluoromethyluridine, BVDU and (E) -5- (2-bromovinyl-) uracyl (BVU) are particularly preferred.
• the invention further relates to medicaments for preventing the development of resistance to cytostatic treatment, which contain 5 'nucleosides.
• the 5 'nucleosides are contained in the formulation of the drug in an amount that results in a concentration of 0.02 ⁇ g / ml to 10 ⁇ g / ml in the blood.
• the optimal range is 0.05 ⁇ g / ml to 5 ⁇ g / ml.
• cytostatics can be contained in the usual amounts known to date in the formulation (Oshiro, Y., Piper, CE, Balwierz, PS, and Garriot, ML (1992) Genotoxic properties of (E) -5- (2-bromovinyl) -2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU). Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 18, 491-498).
• examples of cytostatics are cyclophosphamide and other alkylants, antimetabolites such as methotrexate, alkaloids such as vinblastine, antibiotics such as bleomycin, cisplatin and so on. like other fabrics. Further examples of cytostatics are from "Rote Liste 1995", Editio Cantor Verlag fürtechnik und Naturwissenschaften, Aulendorf / Württ. , 1995.
• the carriers, additives and auxiliaries correspond to those known to date from the prior art.
• the drug itself can be in solid or liquid form or as a spray.
• a hamster cell line that contains a virus (Simian Virus 40) integrated in the genome is used to study amplification phenomena. It is known for this cell line that the addition of genotoxic substances, but also various "non-genotoxic" carcinogens and tumor promoters leads to the amplification of SV40-DNA in the hamster genome.
• the method is based on the fact that the labeled SV40 DNA serving as a probe is hybridized with hamster cell DNA which contains an amplified copy number of SV40 DNA. The amount of bound probe provides information about the degree of amplification of the integrated virus DNA.
• the albumin gene DNA is measured simultaneously with the SV40 DNA. In contrast to SV40 DNA, the albumin gene is not amplified in the cell. The value of the relative SV40 DNA content is therefore derived from the quotient of the signal of the DNA probe hybridized with SV40-DNA to the signal of the DNA probe hybridized with albumin gene from the same SV40-transformed embryonic C0631 hamster cells.
• Testosterone is anti-recombinogenic with S9-Mix and co-recombinogenic without S9-Mix
• the effect of the above-mentioned model substances alone or in combination with a carcinogen was investigated in the gene amplification system.
• the non-carcinogens acetone and dimethylformamide have no effect.
• Teststeron reduces the amplifying effect of methotrexate (MTX) with S9-Mix, without S9-Mix it increases the amplifying effect of amino-6-mercaptopurine (AMP).
• MTX methotrexate
• AMP amino-6-mercaptopurine
• BVDU had shown an anti-recombinogenic and co-mutagenic effect in the experiment with yeasts (FIG. 4). This effect was more visible in the presence of liver microsomes (S9 mix) in lower concentrations than in the absence of S9 mix and also much more pronounced. Metabolism of BVDU thus increases the antirecombinogenic effect.
• BDVU shows an inhibition of AMP-induced gene amplification in clinically relevant doses.
• the effect sets in at about 0.05 ⁇ g / ml and, depending on the dose, leads to a complete inhibition of AMP-induced gene amplification at 5 ⁇ g / ml (FIG. 5).
• BVDU inhibits carcinogen-induced gene amplification. This makes it possible to prevent the development of resistance to this medicinal product and to lower the malignancy by simultaneous administration of BVDU with a cytostatic agent.
• MDR multi-drug resistance
• adriamycin is combined with either 0.5 or 1 ⁇ g / ml BVDU (BDVU has a toxic effect in human tumor cells from around 10 ⁇ g / ml, in mouse cells from around 8 ⁇ g / ml (FIGS. 8 and 9) BVDU prevents the formation of resistance to adriamycin
• the tumor cells remain sensitive to the cytostatic treatment and die
• the effect of the BVDU is so strong that the treatment must be interrupted by breaks (growth without substances), ie the test extends over 6 to 8 weeks.
• BVDU + adiamycin treatment leads to a considerably weaker amplification of the MDR gene than adriamycin treatment alone (FIG. 10).
• the effect of BVDU treatment is actually much greater than the weakening of the bonds.
• the cells that remained non-resistant as a result of the BVDU treatment had already died beforehand.
• the actually relevant effect which cannot be grasped with the help of Northern technology, therefore consists in the death of the non-resistant cells, which is measured in the inactivation curves (FIGS. 8 and 9).
• MDR multi-drug resistance
• adriamycin was combined with 1 ⁇ g / ml each of a 5'substituted nucleoside. All six 5'-substituted nucleosides prevent resistance to adriamycin. The tumor cells remain sensitive to the cytostatics treatment and die. The effect of the 5'substituted nucleosides was so strong that the treatment had to be interrupted by breaks (growth without substances), so that the experiment extended over 6 to 8 weeks.
• FIG. 15 shows the Northern blot analysis of the RNA

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• 1996
  • 1996-01-31 EP EP96901696A patent/EP0806956B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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• 1997
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• 2000
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