WO1995019491A1 - Dispositif d'ancrage dans la roche, en plastique arme fibres de verre, pouvant etre tendu - Google Patents

Dispositif d'ancrage dans la roche, en plastique arme fibres de verre, pouvant etre tendu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1995019491A1
WO1995019491A1 PCT/DE1995/000016 DE9500016W WO9519491A1 WO 1995019491 A1 WO1995019491 A1 WO 1995019491A1 DE 9500016 W DE9500016 W DE 9500016W WO 9519491 A1 WO9519491 A1 WO 9519491A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wedge
clamping sleeve
anchor according
rock anchor
rock
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1995/000016
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Habe
Wilhelm Schauerte
Jochen Kasselmann
Luigi Giamundo
Original Assignee
F. Willich Berg- Und Bautechnik Gmbh & Co.
Atp S.R.L. Avanzate Tecniche Di Pultrusione
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by F. Willich Berg- Und Bautechnik Gmbh & Co., Atp S.R.L. Avanzate Tecniche Di Pultrusione filed Critical F. Willich Berg- Und Bautechnik Gmbh & Co.
Priority to JP51876395A priority Critical patent/JP3424190B2/ja
Priority to KR1019960703757A priority patent/KR100229706B1/ko
Priority to DE59500513T priority patent/DE59500513D1/de
Priority to EP95905526A priority patent/EP0739442B1/fr
Publication of WO1995019491A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995019491A1/fr
Priority to GR970403003T priority patent/GR3025361T3/el

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0006—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by the bolt material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0086—Bearing plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rock bolt with the GRP anchor rod, the tension element which can be braced deepest in the borehole, and the clamping element on the borehole mouth side, which consists of a calotte plate and a fixing part abutting the anchor rod.
  • Mountain anchors are used in rock construction as well as in underground mining where the mountains themselves have sufficient stability, but where the layers close to the cavity produced are to be secured by tacking them together.
  • Rock anchors made of steel are known, as are those made of GRP material.
  • EP-A 94 908 discloses a glass-fiber reinforced plastic anchor, which material is not only characterized by its very high tensile strength but also by its low weight. The anchor rod as such cannot corrode, so that it also has a long service life.
  • the GRP pipe is provided with a thread on which the anchor screw is moved.
  • a GRP anchor is known from EP-A 188 174, in which a corresponding thread is applied to the end protruding from the borehole.
  • the anchor nut with spherical washer can be moved on this thread, so that the anchor can be braced. It is disadvantageous, however, that a large production outlay is required for the thread and that special importance must be attached to the formation of the thread in order to ensure the necessary power transmission. It has been shown that the thread, which is preferably glued onto the GRP pipe, does not withstand high loads, but rather tears off. In order to prevent this tearing off, according to DE-OS 29 03 694 a slitting of the GfK- The end of the tube and the insertion of a corresponding wedge are provided so that it can be braced without fear of tearing off the thread.
  • EP-A 14 426 A similar solution is known from EP-A 14 426, in which the fixing of the anchor is achieved in that an expansion sleeve which grips in the borehole is placed on the end of the tension element arranged in the borehole. At the opposite end, a tension nut is provided which can be clamped to the outer end of the tension element when rotating via tension means.
  • the spreading apart of the slotted end of the GRP pipe is achieved in that the expansion sleeve has a corresponding inner bore, which, according to a special embodiment, even runs conically in the upper region, so as to enable the expansion mandrel to be driven completely into the expansion sleeve.
  • an expansion wedge must be introduced, which requires a cross-shaped splitting of the GRP anchor rod.
  • the tensioning element can only be attached to the given ends of the anchor rod, and in particular it is not possible to ensure the effectiveness of the rock anchor even after the application of shotcrete by retightening or the like.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fixing part which can be attached simply and securely to the end of the borehole mouth and which at the same time can also absorb high tensile loads and which is to be fixed more or less at every point of the anchor rod.
  • the object is achieved in that the fixing part of a clamping sleeve with a counter cone and a correspondingly designed wedge that can be pushed onto the anchor rod and which is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the clamping device via a clamping device that can be displaced on the anchor rod and partially inserted into the clamping sleeve or the counter cone Counter cone is displaceable, is formed and that the wedge on the inner surface has a larger coefficient of friction than on the outer surface.
  • the GRP anchor rod can be cut to any desired length in order to complete the rock anchor by applying the tensioning element or fixing part. Due to the special design of the wedge used, slipping is prevented because, as mentioned, the inner surface has a greater coefficient of friction than the outer surface.
  • the fixing part is made of fiber composite material, the clamping sleeve consisting of radially wound plastic material.
  • This fiber composite material has a significantly more favorable property than the previously used fiber-reinforced plastic, so that the term GRP anchor rod or GRP rock anchor is no longer applicable per se.
  • the fixing part can be adjusted to the expected tensile Stungen can be adapted advantageously, tensile forces of well over 10 t can ultimately be applied, for example, by using aluminum for the wedge.
  • the material of the adapter sleeve is important, fiber composite material being applied according to the invention.
  • the adapter sleeve consists of a radial radial fiber-reinforced plastic. This material, but in particular also that of the wedge, can be designed such that the glass fibers used in each case are arranged approximately perpendicular to the anchor rod.
  • the appropriately designed adapter sleeve in particular allows more than 16 t tensile load.
  • the wedge of the fixing part is designed in two parts and in this way to represent two half-shells. These two half-shells are placed around the anchor rod and then pushed along it into the clamping sleeve or the counter cone until there is a lock due to the slope of the wedge. This is then overcome as far as possible and necessary via the tensioning device and provides the certainty that the two-part wedge assumes the necessary and correct end position.
  • the counter cone and the wedge are aligned with each other with regard to their shape, but also with regard to the material used.
  • the invention provides that the counter cone is molded onto the adapter sleeve and has a different material mixture. While the clamping sleeve as such must absorb high compressive forces, the material and the shape of the counter-cone should ensure that the wedge can also be pushed or pressed far enough in order to then apply correspondingly high frictional forces and thus enable fixing. It is also conceivable that the wedge consists of several partial wedges to be arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the clamping sleeve, which, depending on the length, mender tensile forces u. ⁇ . May be appropriate.
  • the effectiveness of the clamping element on the mouth of the borehole can be achieved by adapting the wedge and counter wedge, and of course also by means of the respective slope. It has been found to be optimal that the wedge has a wedge slope of 1 - 7.5 °, preferably 3 - 4 °. This and the specific choice of material prevent the wedge from pulling through and ensure a secure fit in the counter cone and thus in the adapter sleeve.
  • the wedge should have a higher coefficient of friction on the inner surface than on the outer surface, which can be achieved according to an expedient embodiment of the invention in that the friction surface between the anchor rod and the inner surface of the wedge is enlarged by an adapted shape.
  • the rock anchor according to the invention can also be used as an adhesive anchor or can be used for pressing work if, as provided according to the invention, the anchor rod has an inner bore. The same is achieved during the manufacturing process when the long glass fibers are placed against one another and shaped, which are then embedded in the appropriate material and dictate the dense wall of the anchor tube. Solidification material is pressed into the deepest hole of the borehole via the inner bore, so that the anchor can be glued over its entire length, with simultaneous gluing of the adjacent rock layers.
  • the inner bore is oval and / or has sections that extend to the outer surface. This particular embodiment then leads to the bulges in the predetermined regions allowing the adhesive material to pass through, so that the desired effect occurs.
  • the disadvantage here is that the tensile strength of the anchor rod may suffer, in particular if these bulges are provided more or less regularly over the length.
  • the tensioning sleeve being designed to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the anchor rod relative to the cathode plate. A sufficiently high pretension can thus be applied so that the effectiveness of the rock bolt is increased in a targeted manner.
  • the clamping sleeve has an external thread at the end facing the cap plate, the cap plate having a corresponding thread formation.
  • the invention provides that the clamping sleeve or the counter-cone is pivotally mounted in the spherical cap only in one direction.
  • the spherical design of the clamping sleeve can thus be completely dispensed with, which enables simpler production and which nevertheless allows the clamping element to be fixed practically at any point on the anchor rod. Since variations in the wide range are possible due to the design of the anchor rod and also of the tensioning element, the tensioning sleeve and the calotte plate can also be mounted at the same time, which is also facilitated in particular by the fact that the calotte plate is used for transportation with the cone and thus with the tensioning sleeve Shear pins are connected. If the assembly is now carried out and a first movement against one another, these shear pins are sheared off and the counter cone or the clamping sleeve can pivot and move as desired with respect to the spherical plate.
  • the wedge is driven into the counter cone by means of a clamping device.
  • the tensioning device is designed as a tensioning screw which can be displaced on the anchor rod and which has an external thread corresponding to an internal thread assigned to the tensioning sleeve.
  • the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a rock anchor is created which can be fixed effectively and absorbing high tensile forces at the end of the borehole mouth, this being done with relatively simple means and being so simple that even inexperienced people are concerned with it can be.
  • the fixing part is delivered as a complete unit and then onto the part from the borehole mouth. protruding anchor rod pushed on, whereupon ultimately only the wedge must be tightened via the clamping screw in order to achieve an effective connection between the fixing part or clamping element and anchor rod.
  • the clamping screw has a thread which corresponds to a thread in the counter cone, so that a uniform retraction or a uniform displacement of the wedge is ensured.
  • the special design of the wedge and counter cone ensures uniform force transmission and thus a permanent and secure connection between the anchor rod and the fixing part described.
  • tensile forces of 13 t and more can be applied, so that an adaptation to the respective circumstances is also possible without having to change to another type of anchor.
  • the fixing part can advantageously be attached practically at any point on the anchor rod, so that readjustment or re-tensioning can also be achieved without any problems, especially since the bracing can be achieved by appropriate design of the fixing part.
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section through the anchor rod
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective illustration of the cathode plate.
  • Fig. 1 shows a rock anchor 1 in side view, with the end protruding from the borehole mouth. It is clear in the section shown here that the anchor rod 2, here consisting of a GRP pipe, is effectively connected between the calotte plate 3 and the end region with a fixing part 4, shown here in section.
  • This fixing part 4 consists of the clamping sleeve 6 and the counter-cone 7 and the wedge 8.
  • the clamping sleeve 6 consists of a radially wound GRP material, which clamping sleeve can hold 17-18 t.
  • the counter cone 7 is injection molded onto the clamping sleeve 6 and consists of a material which corresponds to the material of the wedge 8.
  • the wedge 8 on the anchor rod 2 is pushed into the counter cone 7 via the tensioning device 9, so that the uniform and effective forces act on the anchor rod 2 without leading to problem zones and thus tearing.
  • the coefficient of friction of the inner surface 10 is greater than the coefficient of friction of the outer surface 11, so that an effective "adhesion" of the wedge 8 on the anchor rod 2 is ensured.
  • the wedge 8 has an incline of 3-4.5 °, the optimum being 3 °. A slope of the wedge 8 can be prevented in any case by means of the slope and choice of material, and an effective fixing of the fixing part 4 on the anchor rod 2 can be ensured.
  • the inner wall 12 of the counter cone 7 and the outer surface 11 of the wedge 8 have a corresponding slope, so that the uniform application of the forces is ensured. A further secure absorption of the forces is ensured via the collar ring 13, the end of the clamping sleeve 6 facing the cathode plate 3.
  • the end of the counter cone 7 is provided with an extension 14, so that when the counter cone 7 is injected into the clamping sleeve 6, an intensive connection is obtained despite the different choice of materials.
  • the mating cone 7 opposite the collar ring 13 has an internal thread 15 which is designed to correspond to the external thread 17 of the clamping screw 16 serving as a clamping device 9.
  • This clamping screw 16 which expediently has a hexagon 18 or the like, can be screwed securely into the counter cone 7, in order to simultaneously press the wedge 8 into the counter cone 7.
  • the clamping sleeve 6, not shown here, is made of radially wound GRP material is virtually embedded in this counter cone 7 or, more correctly, the counter cone 6 is injection molded into the clamping sleeve or onto the clamping sleeve 6.
  • FIG. 3 shows the clamping screw 16 with the external thread 17 and the hexagon 18, it being clear that this clamping screw 16 is characterized by a simple structure.
  • the wedge 8 which is important for the effectiveness of the rock bolt 1, is shown in a perspective view in FIG. 4.
  • the outer surface 11 is characterized by the gradient of 3 - 4.5 ° already mentioned. 4 that the inner surface 10 of the wedge 8 consisting of two half-shells 20, 21 has been given an enlarged friction surface 22 by a special shape 23.
  • This shape 23 coincides with the shape of the anchor rod 2 shown in FIG. 5, so that the much higher friction surfaces 22, 22 ′ sought here are achieved. give .
  • FIG. 5 shows, as mentioned, a section through an anchor rod 2, the outer surface 26 being characterized by the shape 23 already mentioned with the enlarged friction surface 22 '.
  • An inner bore 26 is provided in the center, this inner bore being able to have an oval shape if lateral exits are desired in certain areas. Then it is expedient to provide the inner bore 26 with lateral bulges 27, 28, so that, as already mentioned, the compression material pressed up by the inner bore 26 can emerge laterally from the anchor rod 2 in certain areas.
  • FIG. 6 finally shows a perspective representation of the spherical cap 3, specifically from the side facing the clamping sleeve 6 and the counter cone 7.
  • the dome plate 3 equipped with the bore 32 specifies a sliding surface 30 which only allows the clamping sleeve 6 or the counter cone 7 to move in one direction.
  • the counter cone 7 and the clamping sleeve 6 are not spherical, so that taking into account the special design of the calotte plate 3, the described limited mobility is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'ancrage (1) dans la roche, pouvant être fixé en tout point par la pose d'un élément de tension, est muni d'une pièce de fixation (4) constituée d'une gaine de tension (6) comportant une contre-cale conique (7) et une cale (8), adaptée à la gaine (6), pouvant coulisser sur la barre (2) du dispositif d'ancrage. L'inclinaison de la cale est de l'ordre de 3° et correspond également à l'inclinaison de la contre-cale (7), ce qui permet non seulement d'insérer solidement la cale (8) dans la contre-cale (7), mais aussi d'appliquer les forces de traction de façon uniforme, sans pointe de traction et donc sans provoquer de rupture de la barre du dispositif d'ancrage en plastique armé de fibres de verre. Il n'est pas nécessaire de pratiquer une fente sur cette barre mais plutôt de la fixer en faisant coulisser la pièce de fixation (4) et en fixant la cale (8) au moyen d'un dispositif de tension (9) ou d'une vis de tension (16), de manière à ce que la fixation puisse être réalisée pratiquement en tout point de la barre (2) du dispositif d'ancrage.
PCT/DE1995/000016 1994-01-12 1995-01-10 Dispositif d'ancrage dans la roche, en plastique arme fibres de verre, pouvant etre tendu WO1995019491A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP51876395A JP3424190B2 (ja) 1994-01-12 1995-01-10 定着可能なＧｆＫ―地山アンカー
KR1019960703757A KR100229706B1 (ko) 1994-01-12 1995-01-10 암석앵커
DE59500513T DE59500513D1 (de) 1994-01-12 1995-01-10 Verspannbarer gfk-gebirgsanker
EP95905526A EP0739442B1 (fr) 1994-01-12 1995-01-10 Dispositif d'ancrage dans la roche, en plastique arme fibres de verre, pouvant etre tendu
GR970403003T GR3025361T3 (en) 1994-01-12 1997-11-12 Tensionable gfp rock anchor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4400644.6 1994-01-12
DE4400644A DE4400644A1 (de) 1994-01-12 1994-01-12 Verspannbarer GfK-Gebirgsanker

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995019491A1 true WO1995019491A1 (fr) 1995-07-20

Family

ID=6507752

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1995/000016 WO1995019491A1 (fr) 1994-01-12 1995-01-10 Dispositif d'ancrage dans la roche, en plastique arme fibres de verre, pouvant etre tendu

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0739442B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3424190B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100229706B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE156892T1 (fr)
DE (3) DE4400644A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0739442T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2109809T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3025361T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995019491A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8602690B2 (en) 2008-12-23 2013-12-10 Hani Sabri Mitri Sleeved cable bolt

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2304848A (en) * 1995-08-30 1997-03-26 Carrington Weldgrip Ltd Rockbolt and nut assembly
GB2323905B (en) * 1997-03-26 2001-04-18 Weldgrip Ltd Rockbolt assemblies
DE202009007421U1 (de) 2009-05-25 2009-08-20 Db Netz Ag Vorrichtung zur vorgespannten Verankerung der Ankerschrauben von Masten, vorzugsweise von Signalmasten
KR100955399B1 (ko) * 2010-02-11 2010-04-29 이일영 명도 색상을 표현하는 염색장치 및 그 염색장치로 생산된 명도 색상이 표현된 직물
CN107269303B (zh) * 2017-07-10 2023-04-25 中铁十一局集团第四工程有限公司 一种三臂凿岩台车打设锁脚锚杆的固定装置及其使用方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3693359A (en) * 1971-01-25 1972-09-26 Said M Karara Rock stabilizing apparatus
EP0014426A1 (fr) * 1979-01-31 1980-08-20 GEBIRGSSICHERUNG Ges.m.b.H. Ancre de roche
EP0094908A2 (fr) * 1982-05-14 1983-11-23 H. Weidmann AG Tirant d'ancrage pour la consolidation des terrains
DE3335039C1 (de) * 1983-09-28 1984-10-31 Klöckner-Becorit GmbH, 4620 Castrop-Rauxel Gebirgsanker
AT378823B (de) * 1983-04-19 1985-10-10 Wagner Alfred Ing Anker zum sichern von druckhaftem gebirge im fels-, tunnel-, stollen- und bergbau
DE3902727A1 (de) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-02 Willich F Gmbh & Co Gfk-gebirgsklebeanker

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3693359A (en) * 1971-01-25 1972-09-26 Said M Karara Rock stabilizing apparatus
EP0014426A1 (fr) * 1979-01-31 1980-08-20 GEBIRGSSICHERUNG Ges.m.b.H. Ancre de roche
EP0094908A2 (fr) * 1982-05-14 1983-11-23 H. Weidmann AG Tirant d'ancrage pour la consolidation des terrains
AT378823B (de) * 1983-04-19 1985-10-10 Wagner Alfred Ing Anker zum sichern von druckhaftem gebirge im fels-, tunnel-, stollen- und bergbau
DE3335039C1 (de) * 1983-09-28 1984-10-31 Klöckner-Becorit GmbH, 4620 Castrop-Rauxel Gebirgsanker
DE3902727A1 (de) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-02 Willich F Gmbh & Co Gfk-gebirgsklebeanker

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8602690B2 (en) 2008-12-23 2013-12-10 Hani Sabri Mitri Sleeved cable bolt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH09507543A (ja) 1997-07-29
GR3025361T3 (en) 1998-02-27
DE19517257A1 (de) 1996-11-14
DK0739442T3 (da) 1998-03-23
JP3424190B2 (ja) 2003-07-07
DE59500513D1 (de) 1997-09-18
EP0739442B1 (fr) 1997-08-13
ES2109809T3 (es) 1998-01-16
DE4400644A1 (de) 1995-07-13
ATE156892T1 (de) 1997-08-15
KR100229706B1 (ko) 1999-11-15
EP0739442A1 (fr) 1996-10-30

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