WO1995012764A1 - Ball-and-roller bearing - Google Patents
Ball-and-roller bearing Download PDFInfo
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- WO1995012764A1 WO1995012764A1 PCT/JP1994/001834 JP9401834W WO9512764A1 WO 1995012764 A1 WO1995012764 A1 WO 1995012764A1 JP 9401834 W JP9401834 W JP 9401834W WO 9512764 A1 WO9512764 A1 WO 9512764A1
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- sintered material
- rolling bearing
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/46—Cages for rollers or needles
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- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/58—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
- C04B35/584—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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- F16C33/32—Balls
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
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- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
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- F16C2206/00—Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
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- F16C2206/60—Silicon nitride (Si3N4)l
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rolling bearing, and more particularly to a rolling bearing in which a rolling element or a rolling element and a raceway are formed of silicon nitride ceramics.
- Rolling bearings used under severe conditions where normal metal materials cannot be used such as high temperature, corrosive environment, vacuum, or non-lubricated environment, at least rolling elements (more preferably rolling elements)
- at least rolling elements there is a so-called ceramic bearing in which the bearing ring is formed of ceramics.
- Ceramics that are the material of the above ceramic bearings include silicon nitride (
- Sintered tr-sintered materials containing fine particles of SN 4 are preferably used because of their excellent heat resistance and abrasion resistance.
- sintering aid that is conventionally used, yttrium oxide (Y 2 0 3) or rare earth oxides such as, or aluminum oxide ( ⁇ 1 2 0 3), nitride Al Miniumu (A1N), and the like for example .
- silicon nitride based sintering material containing the sintering aid include, for example, Si 3 N 4 1 Y 2 0 3 1 Al 2 0 3 based sintered material, Si 3 N 4 — Y 2 0 3 — Al 2 0 3 1 A1 ⁇ -based sintered materials are known.
- the rolling bearing according to the present invention includes: a pair of races; and at least one of the plurality of races disposed between the races, wherein at least the rolling race includes at least silicon oxide of silicon oxide and silicon carbide; It is made of ceramics obtained by sintering a nitrided or element-based sintered material containing Mg AI2 O 4 spinel structure as a sintering aid.
- the rolling element made of the above ceramics, or the rolling element and a pair of races, are excellent in resistance in a corrosive atmosphere, and are also excellent in heat resistance and wear resistance.
- Fig. 1 (a) shows the characteristics of the ceramics that compose the rolling bearing of the present invention and the ceramics for conventional ceramic bearings.
- Perspective view showing the appearance of the prepared thrust test plate
- Fig. 1 (b) is a perspective view showing the appearance of a square pillar-shaped bending strength test specimen similarly prepared using the sintered materials of Sample Nos. 5 to 5.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the weight (%) of the test plate shown in FIG. 1 (a) when the plate for test is subjected to an acid immersion test in which the plate is immersed in an acid for corrosion.
- the figure shows the change in bending strength before and after subjecting the test piece for bending strength test shown in Fig. 1 (b) to the same acid immersion test as above.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an apparatus used for testing the rolling life of the thrust test plate shown in FIG. 1 (a).
- Fig. 4 (b) is a graph showing the load transfer during a rolling life test using the device of Fig. 4 (a).
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the rolling life of the thrust test plate after the acid immersion test, measured using the apparatus of FIG. 4 (a).
- Fig. 6 shows that the plate for thrust test shown in Fig. Graph showing the weight loss (%) of the test plate when performing an alkali immersion test
- Fig. 7 is a graph showing the transition of the bending strength before and after subjecting the test piece for the bending strength test shown in Fig. 1 (b) to the same immersion test as above.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the rolling life of the thrust test plate after the alkali immersion test, measured using the apparatus of FIG. 4 (a).
- Ceramics to form at least the rolling element in the present invention as described above, baked silicon nitride containing as a main component, and at least silicon oxide among silicon oxide and silicon carbide Motono, and Mg A1 2 0 4 spinel structure It is formed by sintering the sintered material contained as a binder.
- silicon nitride As silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), which is a main component of the sintered material, various crystal systems such as ⁇ -type and type can be used, and ⁇ -type is particularly preferably used.
- the particle size of the above-mentioned silicon nitride at the stage of the sintered material before sintering is not particularly limited, but in order to form a denser sintered body, the average particle size is 0.4 to 1.5. ⁇ M is preferred.
- Mg A 0 4 spinel structure of the sintering aid combined binding between silicon nitride particles during sintering to densify the sintered structure, addition to the original effect sintering aid, the silicon nitride Together with the elementary particles, they form a grain boundary phase showing strong resistance especially to strong acids and strong acids, and also act to improve the corrosion resistance of ceramics.
- Silicon oxide also has the effect of strengthening the bond between silicon oxynitride particles and a sintering aid such as a MgAI2O4 spinel structure to further improve the corrosion resistance of ceramics.
- Silicon carbide helps the Mg Ah O * spinel structure to further improve the corrosion resistance of ceramics, and also contributes to improving the mechanical properties of ceramics, especially hardness, and improves the rigidity of ceramics. It also works to make it work. Silicon carbide also has the effect of reducing the frictional resistance of ceramics and improving surface lubricity.
- sintering aids are used as long as they do not hinder the action of each of the above compounds. Can also be used in combination.
- sintering aids include, but are not limited to, oxides such as titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, and tungsten oxide, and carbides such as titanium carbide, hafnium carbide, and tungsten carbide.
- These other sintered materials act synergistically with the Mg AI2 O 4 spinel structure to act as a sintering accelerator that promotes densification, as well as independent of high melting point compounds in the sintered ceramics. It acts as particles to be dispersed in the structure to improve the strength and wear resistance of ceramics. Titanium oxide in particular also serves as a black colorant.
- each sintering aid is not particularly limited in the present invention, relative to the total amount of the sintered material, the ratio of Mg A 0 4 spinel structure from 0.5 to 6% by weight.
- the ratio of Mg Al 2 ⁇ 4 spinel structure exceeds 6% by weight, rather, there is a possibility that the corrosion resistance of the ceramics is reduced.
- a more preferable range of the ratio of the Mg AI 2 O 4 spinel structure is 2 to 5% by weight, particularly about 3.5% by weight.
- the proportion of oxidized and elemental is preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight. If the ratio of oxidized oxides and sulfur is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of the addition cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the corrosion resistance of the ceramitzus may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the proportion of silicon oxide exceeds 1% by weight, sinterability may be impaired. A more preferred range for the proportion of silicon oxide is around 0.5% by weight.
- the lower limit of the ratio of carbonized and elementary carbon is not limited to 0% by weight, but the preferred range when compounded is 3 to 5% by weight. If the content of silicon carbide is less than 3% by weight, the effect of adding silicon carbide cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the effect of improving the mechanical properties and the effect of reducing the frictional resistance described above may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the proportion of silicon carbide exceeds 5% by weight, sinterability may be impaired.
- the ratio of carbonization and elemental ratio is more preferable, and the range is 5 weight.
- the proportion of the sintering aid other than the above is preferably 0 to 1% by weight. Of other sintering aids If the proportion exceeds 1% by weight, the corrosion resistance of the ceramic may not be reduced.
- the ratio of the total of the respective sintering aids is not particularly limited in the present invention.
- the total ratio is preferably 3 to 6% by weight, and silicon carbide is included. In the system, it is preferably from 6 to 11% by weight.
- the total ratio of the sintering aid is less than the lower limit, the effect of adding the sintering aid may be insufficient, and the corrosion resistance of the ceramic may not be sufficiently improved.
- the total ratio of the sintering aid exceeds the upper limit, the heat resistance and wear resistance of the ceramic may be deteriorated.
- the former sintered material that does not contain silicon carbide has the advantage of reducing the number of deteriorated layers on the ceramic surface after sintering, and is excellent in cost performance, making it suitable for rolling bearings for general-purpose applications. ing. This is because it does not contain silicon carbide, which affects the size of the altered layer on the ceramic surface.
- the reason that silicon carbide influences the size of the altered layer on the ceramic surface is that the sintering temperature of the silicon carbide is higher than the normal sintering temperature of silicon nitride of 180 to 180 ° C. About 2000. It is considered that this is because sintering tends to be insufficient in C.
- the sintered ceramics exhibit self-lubricating properties due to the frictional resistance reducing action of the silicon carbide, so that lubricants such as grease cannot be used. Suitable for rolling bearings used below.
- the rolling bearing of the present invention includes a pair of races as described above, and a plurality of rolling elements disposed between the two races, and at least the rolling elements of the two are formed of the ceramic having the specific composition. It is a thing. That is, as the rolling bearing of the present invention,
- rolling bearings in which the rolling element and a pair of races are both formed of the above ceramics, are the most preferable in terms of heat resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Depending on the application, etc., only the rolling elements in 1 Rolling bearings formed by a box are also useful.
- the race is preferably formed of various conventionally known race ring materials, for example, stainless steel SS440C or the like.
- the rolling bearing of the present invention preferably has a retainer for holding the rolling element in any of the above configurations.
- the cage is preferably one that has a surface with excellent self-lubricating properties, especially in the case of a rolling bearing used in an unlubricated environment.
- Such cages are, for example, those made entirely of fluororesin, or those made of stainless steel SUS304 with a baking film of fluororesin formed on the entire surface. And the like.
- a predetermined amount of the above components is blended to prepare a sintered material, which is formed into a predetermined shape by a die press or the like.
- a usual method of forming and sintering a ceramic body such as a method of sintering a formed body in an inert gas atmosphere for a predetermined time, can be employed.
- any of conventionally known various sintering methods such as a hot press (HP) method, an atmospheric pressurization method, and a hot isostatic press (HIP) method can be applied.
- HP hot press
- HIP hot isostatic press
- the rolling bearing of the present invention has excellent heat resistance and abrasion resistance, as well as excellent corrosion resistance when used in a corrosive atmosphere, and has a long service life. Suitable for use in harsh conditions where ordinary metallic materials cannot be used, such as in a vacuum or in an unlubricated environment.
- ⁇ -type silicon nitride having an average particle diameter of 0.7 m and each of the sintering aids shown in Table 1 below are used in the proportions shown in the table.
- the samples were mixed and mixed in a ball mill for 48 hours using ethanol as a solvent to prepare silicon nitride based sintered materials of Samples 1 to 3.
- table 1
- a silicon nitride with an average particle size of 0.7 m and each of the sintering aids shown in Table 2 below are blended in the proportions shown in the table.
- a mixture of ethanol and a solvent was mixed in a ball mill for 48 hours to prepare a silicon nitride-based sintered material of Sample Not4,5.
- the test piece was observed with a microscope, and the thickness of the altered layer on the surface was measured.
- the results are shown in FIG. 2 and Table 4. According to these results, the test plates consisting of ceramics obtained by sintering the sintered materials of Samples N1 to N3 were all made of ceramics obtained by sintering the sintered materials of Samples Nc and 5. It was found that the weight loss was significantly smaller than that of.
- FIG. 1 An acid immersion test was performed on the test piece for bending strength test (FIG. 1) under the same conditions as above, and then the bending strength was measured. The results are shown in Fig. 3 and Table 4 together with the results of the bending strength before the acid immersion test.
- the bar graph on the left side of each sample shows the bending strength before the acid immersion test
- the bar graph on the right side shows the bending strength after the acid immersion test.
- the test piece consisting of ceramics obtained by sintering the sintered material of sample Na5 had a bending strength of 90 kgf, the target value, before the acid immersion test. Not satisfied with Zmra 2 .
- the test piece consisting of ceramics obtained by sintering the sintered material of sample ⁇ 4 has a bending strength that clears the above target value (9 O kg f Zmm 2 or more) before the acid immersion test.
- the acid immersion test markedly reduced the flexural strength and fell below the target value.
- test plates made of ceramics obtained by sintering the sintered materials of Samples 13 ⁇ 44 and 5 all suffered from 100% wear due to perimeter wear accompanied by peeling. Damaged in less than an hour.
- none of the test plates made of ceramics obtained by sintering the sintered materials of Samples Na1 to No3 did not show any separation on the rolling surface even after the test for 400 hours. It was also found that the steel had sufficient strength.
- test plates consisting of ceramics obtained by sintering each of the sintered materials of Samples Nd1 to 3 were all made of ceramics obtained by sintering the sintered materials of Samples ⁇ 4 and 5. It was found that the weight loss rate was remarkably small as compared with the one obtained.
- the test piece for bending strength test shown in Fig. 1) made of the same ceramics as used in the bending strength test after acid immersion was subjected to an alkali immersion test under the same conditions as above.
- the bending strength was measured.
- the results are shown in Fig. 7 and Table 5 together with the results of the bending strength before the alkali immersion test.
- the bar graph on the left side of each sample shows the bending strength before the alkali immersion test
- the bar graph on the right side shows the bending strength after the Al immersion test.
- the test piece consisting of ceramics obtained by sintering the sintered material of sample Na5 had a bending strength of 90 kgfZ, the target value before the alkali immersion test. Less than picture 2 .
- the test piece made of ceramic obtained by sintering the sintered material of sample ⁇ 4 has a bending strength that clears the above target value (90 kgf Z ⁇ 2 or more) before the immersion test.
- the bending strength was significantly reduced by the alkali immersion test, and fell below the target value.
- all of the test pieces made of ceramics obtained by sintering each of the sintered materials of samples ⁇ 1 to 3 had a bending strength that cleared the above target value before the immersion test.
- the reduction in bending strength due to the immersion test was small, and the target value could be cleared even after the immersion test.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019950702706A KR100355138B1 (ko) | 1993-11-02 | 1994-10-31 | 구름베어링 |
US08/464,816 US5575571A (en) | 1993-11-02 | 1994-10-31 | Rolling bearing |
EP94931191A EP0691483B1 (en) | 1993-11-02 | 1994-10-31 | Ball-and-roller bearing |
DE69433475T DE69433475T2 (de) | 1993-11-02 | 1994-10-31 | Kugel- und rollenlager |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5/274029 | 1993-11-02 | ||
JP27402993 | 1993-11-02 | ||
JP6/72164 | 1994-04-11 | ||
JP07216494A JP3549239B2 (ja) | 1993-11-02 | 1994-04-11 | 転がり軸受 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995012764A1 true WO1995012764A1 (en) | 1995-05-11 |
Family
ID=26413291
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1994/001834 WO1995012764A1 (en) | 1993-11-02 | 1994-10-31 | Ball-and-roller bearing |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5575571A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0691483B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3549239B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100355138B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69433475T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1995012764A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2291139B (en) * | 1994-07-07 | 1997-07-23 | Glacier Metal Co Ltd | Back-up bearing arrangement for a magnetic bearing |
JP3588935B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-19 | 2004-11-17 | 日本精工株式会社 | 転がり軸受その他の転動装置 |
SE514372C2 (sv) * | 1996-03-07 | 2001-02-19 | Skf Nova Ab | Smord rullningskontaktanordning, sätt och komposition för smörjning av en rullningskontaktanordning samt en keramisk rullkropp |
US5779359A (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 1998-07-14 | General Signal Corporation | Mixer having exposed clean-in-place bearing assemblies |
US5758965A (en) * | 1996-12-05 | 1998-06-02 | General Signal Corporation | Mixer system |
NL1006534C2 (nl) * | 1997-07-10 | 1999-01-12 | Skf Ind Trading & Dev | Asymmetrisch hoekcontactkogellager. |
CA2321641A1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 1999-09-02 | Allison Engine Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mounting a bearing |
US7208010B2 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2007-04-24 | Conor Medsystems, Inc. | Expandable medical device for delivery of beneficial agent |
US6241762B1 (en) | 1998-03-30 | 2001-06-05 | Conor Medsystems, Inc. | Expandable medical device with ductile hinges |
US5908796A (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 1999-06-01 | Saint-Gobain Industrial Ceramics, Inc. | Dense silicon nitride ceramic having fine grained titanium carbide |
NL1010310C2 (nl) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-17 | Skf Eng & Res Centre Bv | Asymmetrisch hoekcontactlager. |
US6158894A (en) * | 1999-07-28 | 2000-12-12 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | All ceramic bearing |
US6642165B2 (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2003-11-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Wear resistant member for electronic equipment, and bearing and spindle motor therewith |
EP2292190B1 (en) | 2000-10-16 | 2017-11-08 | Conor Medsystems, Inc. | Expandable medical device for delivery of beneficial agent |
JP2003034581A (ja) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-02-07 | Toshiba Corp | 窒化けい素製耐摩耗性部材およびその製造方法 |
US7842083B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2010-11-30 | Innovational Holdings, Llc. | Expandable medical device with improved spatial distribution |
DE102006050445A1 (de) * | 2006-10-26 | 2008-04-30 | Schaeffler Kg | Wälzlagerkugel, Wälzlager und Verfahren zum Behandeln von Wälzlagerkugeln |
DE102007015103A1 (de) | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-02 | Schaeffler Kg | Wälzlager |
KR200447801Y1 (ko) * | 2008-03-17 | 2010-02-22 | 세미테크 주식회사 | 구름베어링 |
CN102635635A (zh) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-08-15 | 李东炬 | 一种精密陶瓷轴承及其加工工艺 |
ES2747476T3 (es) | 2011-09-30 | 2020-03-10 | Saint Gobain Ceramics | Cuerpo compuesto de nitruro de silicio |
JP6491964B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-25 | 2019-03-27 | 株式会社東芝 | 窒化珪素焼結体およびそれを用いた耐摩耗性部材 |
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JPH05105506A (ja) * | 1991-10-18 | 1993-04-27 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | スライドバルブプレートれんが |
JPH05117032A (ja) * | 1991-10-29 | 1993-05-14 | Toyota Motor Corp | 窒化珪素焼結体の製造方法 |
JPH05238829A (ja) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-09-17 | Toshiba Corp | 窒化けい素セラミックス焼結体 |
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GB924420A (en) * | 1960-05-09 | 1963-04-24 | Barden Corp | Self lubricated ball bearing retainer |
JPS52136035A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1977-11-14 | Dainichiseika Color Chem | Ink retainer for writing device |
CH640885A5 (de) * | 1978-07-21 | 1984-01-31 | Suisse Horlogerie Rech Lab | Mit einem harten ueberzug versehene maschinenelemente. |
JPH0678769B2 (ja) * | 1987-04-13 | 1994-10-05 | 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 | セラミック軸受取付構造 |
JP2526598B2 (ja) * | 1987-08-04 | 1996-08-21 | 株式会社長野計器製作所 | 窒化ケイ素セラミックスの製造方法 |
JPH0737814B2 (ja) * | 1988-07-05 | 1995-04-26 | 光洋精工株式会社 | 転がり軸受 |
JPH0814284B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-02 | 1996-02-14 | 株式会社ウイング・ハイセラ | セラミックス製軸受 |
JPH03106421A (ja) * | 1989-09-18 | 1991-05-07 | Toray Ind Inc | 流体分離モジュール及びその製造法 |
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1994
- 1994-04-11 JP JP07216494A patent/JP3549239B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-31 DE DE69433475T patent/DE69433475T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-31 EP EP94931191A patent/EP0691483B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-31 US US08/464,816 patent/US5575571A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-31 WO PCT/JP1994/001834 patent/WO1995012764A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1994-10-31 KR KR1019950702706A patent/KR100355138B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH05105506A (ja) * | 1991-10-18 | 1993-04-27 | Shinagawa Refract Co Ltd | スライドバルブプレートれんが |
JPH05117032A (ja) * | 1991-10-29 | 1993-05-14 | Toyota Motor Corp | 窒化珪素焼結体の製造方法 |
JPH05238829A (ja) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-09-17 | Toshiba Corp | 窒化けい素セラミックス焼結体 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP0691483A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3549239B2 (ja) | 2004-08-04 |
DE69433475D1 (de) | 2004-02-12 |
EP0691483A4 (en) | 1997-06-11 |
DE69433475T2 (de) | 2004-11-25 |
US5575571A (en) | 1996-11-19 |
JPH07174143A (ja) | 1995-07-11 |
EP0691483B1 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
EP0691483A1 (en) | 1996-01-10 |
KR100355138B1 (ko) | 2002-12-18 |
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