WO1994007202A1 - Data processing apparatus - Google Patents
Data processing apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994007202A1 WO1994007202A1 PCT/JP1993/001340 JP9301340W WO9407202A1 WO 1994007202 A1 WO1994007202 A1 WO 1994007202A1 JP 9301340 W JP9301340 W JP 9301340W WO 9407202 A1 WO9407202 A1 WO 9407202A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- interrupt
- level
- priority level
- request
- mask
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/20—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus
- G06F13/24—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus using interrupt
- G06F13/26—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus using interrupt with priority control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
- G06F13/14—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer
- G06F13/20—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus
- G06F13/24—Handling requests for interconnection or transfer for access to input/output bus using interrupt
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interrupt processing activation method for a data processing device such as a microprocessor having a plurality of interrupt priority levels, and more particularly, to executing an interrupt processing program corresponding to an accepted interrupt factor, when executing an interrupt processing program.
- Data processing device that can automatically set the priority level and simplify the priority arbitration circuit of the interrupt controller at the same time, thereby reducing the amount of hardware that composes it and reducing its power consumption.
- An interrupt mechanism with multiple priority levels is a very powerful and important technology for quickly responding to truly urgent interrupt processing from among a large number of interrupt processing programs. Similarly, execute the interrupt acceptance bus cycle after accepting the interrupt, fetch the interrupt vector for identifying the device that has requested the interrupt processing, and branch from the vector value to the processing routine corresponding to the accepted interrupt factor.
- the interrupter mechanism is also an important technology.
- interrupt vectors are present in most high-performance microprocessors. If the interrupt vector is not fetched in the interrupt acceptance bus cycle, the device that has requested the interrupt cannot be identified. In order to identify the interrupt request device in the interrupt processing program, one inquiry (port Ring). This is very time consuming and increases response time to interrupts.
- the interrupt mechanism having the plurality of priority levels and the vector interrupt mechanism are, for example, It is mounted on a 68000 microprocessor microprocessor.
- the outline of the interrupt response procedure in the data processor of this 68000 micro processor is shown below.
- FIG. 5 is a detailed flowchart of the interrupt response procedure, that is, an interrupt exception handling sequence.
- the value of PC-2 specifies the start of the instruction that will be executed next when there is no external interrupt, that is, specifies the program counter setting value. .
- an interrupt mask level according to the priority level of an accepted interrupt when executing a processing program corresponding to that interrupt. It is.
- the above-mentioned Motorola 680 microprocessor has, for example, an interrupt level from level 0 to level 7 shown in FIG. 6 and an interrupt executed in step S104 shown in FIG.
- interrupt requests with a priority equal to or lower than the mask level are ignored, that is, masked. Therefore, if the priority level of the currently accepted interrupt request is set as a mask level, interrupt requests of the same priority level and lower priority interrupt requests are ignored. This is often because the request is ignored even if the device receiving the interrupt keeps making requests. It is very convenient because there is no heavy reception. Also, among a plurality of interrupt requests of the same priority level, the next interrupt request should be executed after the processing of the first accepted interrupt request is completed, so the priority level of the accepted interrupt is set as the mask level. Setting is very convenient.
- priority level 7 is exceptionally handled, and it is configured to accept interrupt requests with the same priority level as the interrupt mask level and used as non-maskable interrupts. I have.
- This method of setting the interrupt mask level is very good, but has one problem: o It is necessary to return the interrupt vector corresponding to the interrupt factor that matches the accepted interrupt priority level Is a point.
- the address of the interrupt processing program is calculated from the interrupt vector, it is fetched by the microprocessor in the interrupt acceptance bus cycle, or given by the interrupt controller or interrupt request device. It does not seem to need to correspond to the interrupt factor that matches the level. Rather, if an interrupt request with a higher priority level than the accepted interrupt request has occurred, the interrupt vector corresponding to the newly generated interrupt request with a higher priority level is fetched and the new It is desirable to respond to the generated high-priority interrupt request.
- the time between when the microprocessor accepts an interrupt and when it executes the interrupt acceptance bus cycle is not short.
- the lower two bytes of the program counter are saved to the stack (step S105), and then the interrupt acceptance bus cycle is executed. Run (Step S107).
- the instruction may be prefetched asynchronously with the interrupt acceptance. In this case, the execution is performed when the interrupt is accepted.
- These bus cycles usually end in a few moments, for example, the refresh operation of the dynamic memory used for main memory. In some cases, such as when there is contention with other bus masters in a multiprocessor, there are cases where more than tens of clicks are waited.
- the interrupt request signal changes every moment, and there is no guarantee that the interrupt request signal at the moment when the interrupt is accepted and the interrupt request signal at the moment when the interrupt acceptance bus cycle is executed.
- the interrupt controller arbitrates interrupt requests from interrupt request devices and determines the highest priority interrupt.
- the interrupt controller finds the highest priority level interrupt at a given moment. Not only is it specified when the microphone mouth processor executes the interrupt acceptance bus cycle (in the case of a 680 microprocessor, it is output to the address buses A1 to A3). It is necessary to find the interrupt with the highest priority among the interrupt requests that have the same priority as the one accepted by the microprocessor. (When multiple interrupt sources share the same interrupt priority, Note that there is). This places a very heavy burden on the interrupt controller and requires complex mechanisms.
- the interrupt accepted by the microphone processor may not match the interrupt vector fetched in the interrupt acceptance bus cycle, and the microphone processor must be equipped with a mechanism that can cope with such a situation.
- the accepted priority level is set as an interrupt mask level, so this mismatch is a fatal problem for the 680 microprocessor. But this problem is not acceptable.
- the interrupt vector is stored in a microcontroller.
- the processor When giving an interrupt to the processor, it must search for the interrupt source corresponding to the priority level specified by the microphone processor (specifying the accepted priority level), and give the interrupt vector corresponding to it. This has the drawback of significantly complicating the controller's priority ordering mechanism.
- the interrupt with the higher priority is Run after request execution. That is, since the timing for determining the highest priority interrupt request is executed earlier than necessary, the response time of an interrupt request having a higher priority level is extended unnecessarily (it is postponed). . Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention solves the problems of the conventional data processing apparatus described above.
- the object of the present invention is to make the timing of determining the highest-level interrupt request as late as possible, for example, an interrupt acceptance bus cycle.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a data processing device capable of reducing the response time of an interrupt request having a high priority level by making a decision immediately before giving an interrupt vector.
- Another object of the present invention is to simplify the priority arbitration circuit of the interrupt controller, reduce the amount of window required for configuring the interrupt controller, and reduce the power consumed by the interrupt controller.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a data processing device having a function.
- the data processor of the present invention is characterized by the fact that, from the outside of the data processor, an interrupt request for which one of a plurality of interrupt priority levels is designated is achieved, as shown in FIG. IPL 0 # IPL 2 # and the interrupt request of all the priority levels among the plurality of interrupt priority levels are received without masking at all, or low priority among the plurality of interrupt priority levels Interrupt requests from the level side to any level are specified to be ignored and the interrupt requests are masked. Interrupt mask means 11 and the maximum interrupt priority level masked by the interrupt mask means 11 are held.
- the mask level holding means 13 and the interrupt request input by the input means IPL 0 #IPL 2 # hold the mask level holding means 13.
- the control means 15 executes an interrupt processing activation procedure, and the control means 15 executes the interrupt acceptance bus cycle.
- the interrupt priority level value given from the input means IPL 0 # to IPL 2 # is fetched, and the interrupt priority level value is set in the mask level holding means 13 as a mask level when executing the interrupt processing.
- control is performed so as to mask an interrupt request having the same or lower priority level as the accepted interrupt priority level.
- the control unit 15 is configured such that when the interrupt request input by the input units IPL 0 # to IPL 2 # is higher than the mask level held by the mask level holding unit 13, Accepting the interrupt request, executing an interrupt acceptance bus cycle indicating the accepted interrupt priority level, and executing at least the interrupt request for an interrupt request having a priority level equal to or lower than the priority level.
- Performs an interrupt handling activation procedure that includes the step of receiving an interrupt vector that can identify the source of the request, but simplifies the interrupt controller circuit by delaying the timing of determining the highest priority interrupt request as late as possible.
- the response time of an interrupt request having a high priority level is shortened.
- the interrupt controller always determines the highest priority interrupt request, and as a result, the arbitration result immediately before giving the interrupt vector in the interrupt acceptance bus cycle is meaningful. I have.
- the control means 15 receives the interrupt vector at the time of execution of the interrupt acceptance bus cycle, and at the same time, takes in the interrupt priority level value given from the input means IPL 0 # to IPL 2 #, and sets the interrupt priority level value. Is set in the mask level holding means 13 as a mask level at the time of execution of the interrupt processing, and during the execution of the interrupt processing, an interrupt request having the same or lower priority level as the received interrupt priority level is masked. Control.
- the fact that the data processing device has captured the interrupt vector means that it responds to the interrupt, and the interrupt to be processed cannot be changed after the interrupt vector is captured. Therefore, priority arbitration is allowed until immediately before the interrupt vector is fetched, and the highest priority level of the interrupt request is fetched at the same time as the interrupt vector fetch. Slow down.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a data processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a bit configuration diagram of a PSW (processor status word) in the data processing device shown in FIG.
- FI G.3 is a flow chart showing the interrupt processing activation procedure (when the highest priority level when accepting an interrupt is the same as the highest priority level when fetching an interrupt vector) in the data processing device shown in Fig. 1 It is.
- Fig. 4 shows the interrupt processing activation procedure in the data processing device shown in Fig. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an interrupt exception handling procedure in a conventional data processing device.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an interrupt level in a conventional data processing device.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a data processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the data processing device (hereinafter, referred to as a microprocessor) of this embodiment includes an address bus A1 to A23, a data bus D0 to D15, a bus control signal group, and an interrupt. It is connected to peripheral devices and interrupt controllers via an inter-use signal consisting of request signal groups IPL 0 # to IPL 2 #.
- the bus control signal group includes an address strobe signal AS #, a read / write signal R / W #, an upper data strobe signal UDS #, a lower data strobe signal LDS #, and a data acknowledgment signal DTACK #. It is included.
- the three interrupt request request signals IPL 0 # to IPL 2 # are used by an external device to indicate that there is an interrupt request to the microphone processor 1. In this embodiment, it is assumed that there is an interrupt request level having a priority of level 1 to level 7. The symbol # following the signal name indicates that the signal is a negative logic signal.
- the internal configuration of the microprocessor 1 of this embodiment includes an interrupt request signal group.
- the control circuit 15 receives the priority interrupt signal 51, issues a mask level capture signal 53 to the mask register 13 and generates an interrupt request signal group IPL 0 # to IPL 2 #. Load the requested level into the mask register 13.
- the mask register 13 is a microcontroller, also called a PSW (processor status word). Bits for controlling various operations of the microprocessor 1 may be included in a part of the register in which the bits are collected.
- FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the PSW.
- the microphone mouth processor 1 of the present embodiment has an interrupt mechanism having a plurality of priority levels and a vector interrupt mechanism. There are 1 to 7 interrupt priority levels (level 0 indicates that no interrupt is requested), with level 1 being the lowest priority level and level 7 being the highest priority level. The operation of these mechanisms will be explained with reference to the interrupt processing activation procedure shown in FIG.
- step Sp 1 it is assumed that “2” is set as the mask level of the mask register 13 in the microprocessor 1 (step Sp 1).
- an interrupt of a low priority level of 1 or 2 is set.
- the request is masked, ignored and not accepted. That is, due to the progress of the program on the microprocessor 1 side, these low-priority interrupt requests are kept waiting until it becomes unnecessary to mask low-priority interrupts, that is, until high-priority interrupt processing is completed.
- the interrupt request signal from peripheral device A is input to the interrupt controller (step SC1), and the interrupt controller arbitrates the priority.
- the highest priority level (in this case, there is only one input,
- the priority level of the interrupt request input that has the highest priority level (level 3) is transmitted to microprocessor 1 as an interrupt request (step SC2)
- the interrupt controller outputs the interrupt vector uniquely assigned to the peripheral device A to the data buses DO to D15 (step SC3), and the microprocessor 1 outputs data buses D0 to D1.
- the highest priority level at the time of accepting an interrupt is the same as the highest priority level at the time of taking an interrupt vector. Therefore, as in the conventional example, even if the priority level at the time of accepting the interrupt is set to the mask level in the interrupt processing program, no particular inconvenience occurs.
- the actual microphone processor saves the internal state (for example, the contents of general-purpose registers, the contents of the program counter, etc.) of the microphone processor depending on the program being processed at the time of receiving the interrupt, and executes the interrupt processing program.
- the interrupt acceptance bus cycle that is, the accepted interrupt request is not always executed immediately after the acceptance of the interruption request.
- an interrupt request signal from another peripheral device is input to the interrupt controller, and the highest priority level may change.
- the interrupt request signal from peripheral device A is input to the interrupt controller (step SC11), the priority of the interrupt is arbitrated by the interrupt controller, and the interrupt request with the highest priority level (level 3) The priority level of the input is transmitted to the microprocessor 1 as an interrupt request (step SC12).
- the control circuit 15 accepts the interrupt request at a predetermined timing such as an instruction break (step). SP 1 2). However, some time may elapse before the interrupt acceptance bus cycle is executed. Also, if an interrupt request from peripheral device B occurs at a very delicate timing, the highest priority level may change between the reception of the interrupt and the interrupt acceptance bus cycle. For example, as shown in step SC13 shown in FIG. 4, an interrupt request is generated from peripheral device B having a higher priority level (level 5) than peripheral device A, and the highest priority level of the arbitration circuit (not shown) is generated. Is changed to "5" (step SC14), which corresponds to this case.
- the priority level of the interrupt request accepted first is "3". Therefore, in the interrupt acceptance bus cycle, the priority level of the interrupt request accepted on the address buses A1 to A23 is set. "3" to indicate that the received interrupt request is of level 3 (step SP13)
- the interrupt controller In response to this interrupt acceptance bus cycle, the interrupt controller is uniquely assigned to peripheral device B requesting the level 5 interrupt so that it can respond to the currently highest priority level 5 interrupt.
- the interrupt is output to the data buses D0 to D15 (step SC15).
- the priority level of the initially accepted interrupt was "3", but it is important to use the priority level "5" that was captured at the same time as the interrupt vector.
- interrupt requests exceeding the priority level "5" of the device are accepted, but interrupt requests lower than that are masked.
- the interrupt processing program for peripheral device B knows that the interrupt priority level is assigned to "5", and does not cause an interrupt of priority level 5 or lower. It may be coded on the assumption that it will not be interrupted. In this case, since the program assigned to the priority level 5 is executed at the mask level 3, the interrupt of the priority level 4 or the priority level 5 may be accepted, and an unexpected situation occurs.
- an interrupt request that has occurred once in peripheral device B will not be released unless the specified process is executed in the interrupt processing program for peripheral device B and the interrupt factor is removed.
- an interrupt request (priority level 5) from the same peripheral device B will be accepted immediately after the execution of the interrupt processing program for peripheral device B at mask level 3. That is, as a result, the interrupt request from the peripheral device B is erroneously accepted twice.
- the conventional microprocessor has a configuration in which the microprocessor cannot respond to an interrupt having a priority level different from the priority level initially accepted by the microprocessor.
- the interrupt controller must search for an interrupt request that matches the priority level indicated on the address bus in the interrupt acceptance bus cycle, which complicates the mechanism.
- an interrupt request of a higher priority level occurs, it is not allowed to immediately respond to the request, so that the response time of the interrupt request having the higher priority level may be extended more than necessary. There was a problem.
- the microprocessor 1 captures the interrupt vector on the data bus DOD 15 and simultaneously sets the interrupt request signal group IPL 0 # IPL 2 #
- the interrupt request level value input by the CPU is also captured, and the priority level value is set as a mask level in an interrupt processing program to be executed from now on, so that the above-mentioned problem of the conventional microprocessor can be easily solved. Can be.
- interrupt processing activation method of the microprocessor of this embodiment can be implemented with the same mechanism as the conventional example, but also requires only re-sampling of the priority level of the interrupt request input. There are no problems that can be solved. Here, it also has the feature that it is not necessary to increase the number of clocks required for interrupt processing activation. This is a noteworthy matter.
- the microprocessor adopts the interrupt processing activation method of the configuration of the present embodiment described above, so that the interrupt controller allows the priority level designated from among the peripheral devices generating the interrupt request to be equal to the priority level specified by the interrupt request. It eliminates the need for very time-consuming and complicated mechanisms, such as searching for a match. Therefore, the priority arbitration circuit (not shown) of the interrupt controller can be simplified, the amount of dou- er required to construct the priority arbitration circuit can be reduced, and the power consumed there can be reduced. Can be reduced.
- an interrupt priority level value given from an interrupt request signal group is fetched at the same time as receiving an interrupt vector, and The mask level at the time of processing execution is set in the mask level holding means.
- control is performed so that interrupt requests with the same or lower priority level as the received interrupt priority level are masked, and the interrupt controller always determines the highest priority interrupt request. Then, the arbitration result immediately before giving the interrupt vector in the interrupt acceptance bus cycle is meaningful.
- a data processing device capable of simplifying a priority arbitration circuit of an interrupt controller, reducing the amount of dwell required for configuring the circuit, and reducing the power consumed there. be able to.
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Description
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69327043T DE69327043T2 (de) | 1992-09-21 | 1993-09-20 | Datenverarbeitungsvorrichtung |
EP93919682A EP0614148B1 (en) | 1992-09-21 | 1993-09-20 | Data processing apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4/251183 | 1992-09-21 | ||
JP25118392A JP3715328B2 (ja) | 1992-09-21 | 1992-09-21 | データ処理装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO1994007202A1 true WO1994007202A1 (en) | 1994-03-31 |
Family
ID=17218921
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP1993/001340 WO1994007202A1 (en) | 1992-09-21 | 1993-09-20 | Data processing apparatus |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0614148B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3715328B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69327043T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1994007202A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100455663C (zh) * | 1999-03-31 | 2009-01-28 | 诺维信公司 | 脂肪酶变体 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4151198B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-23 | 2008-09-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 割込コントローラ及びマイクロコンピュータ |
JP4600586B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-29 | 2010-12-15 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 割込信号生成装置及び割込信号の生成方法 |
JP5017784B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-16 | 2012-09-05 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | プロセッサ及びこのプロセッサ適用される割込み処理制御方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61214032A (ja) * | 1985-03-20 | 1986-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | 割込み制御方式 |
-
1992
- 1992-09-21 JP JP25118392A patent/JP3715328B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-09-20 DE DE69327043T patent/DE69327043T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-20 EP EP93919682A patent/EP0614148B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-20 WO PCT/JP1993/001340 patent/WO1994007202A1/ja active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61214032A (ja) * | 1985-03-20 | 1986-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | 割込み制御方式 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
LAPX86 Family User's Manual, May 20, 1982 (20.05.82), Intel Japan (Ibaraki), p. 410-412. * |
See also references of EP0614148A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100455663C (zh) * | 1999-03-31 | 2009-01-28 | 诺维信公司 | 脂肪酶变体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69327043D1 (de) | 1999-12-23 |
EP0614148B1 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
JP3715328B2 (ja) | 2005-11-09 |
JPH06103223A (ja) | 1994-04-15 |
EP0614148A4 (en) | 1995-03-01 |
EP0614148A1 (en) | 1994-09-07 |
DE69327043T2 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
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