WO1992021868A1 - Zweitaktmotor - Google Patents
Zweitaktmotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992021868A1 WO1992021868A1 PCT/EP1992/001083 EP9201083W WO9221868A1 WO 1992021868 A1 WO1992021868 A1 WO 1992021868A1 EP 9201083 W EP9201083 W EP 9201083W WO 9221868 A1 WO9221868 A1 WO 9221868A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- cylinder
- outlet
- candle
- chamber
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
- F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
- F02B25/04—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke
- F02B25/06—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke the cylinder-head ports being controlled by working pistons, e.g. by sleeve-shaped extensions thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/34—Ultra-small engines, e.g. for driving models
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B9/00—Engines characterised by other types of ignition
- F02B9/06—Engines characterised by other types of ignition with non-timed positive ignition, e.g. with hot-spots
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
Definitions
- the invention relates to a two-stroke engine with a piston movable in a cylinder and a cylinder head mounted thereon and channels arranged in the cylinder, which can be released through the upper edge of the piston, the piston being connected to a crankshaft via a connecting rod.
- two-stroke engine refers to internal combustion engines in which the periodically repetitive working cycle, in contrast to four-stroke engines, is forced to two strokes, so that each revolution of the crankshaft corresponds to one working stroke.
- the gas exchange is controlled by channels in the cylinder wall, which serve the inlet or the outlet and which are opened or closed by the upper and sometimes the lower piston edge. They are used both as diesel engines, in which air is sucked in via the channels and then fuel is injected into the highly compressed air and therefore ignites, as well as in gasoline engines, which are known to draw in a fuel / air mixture and the combustion process is introduced via the spark plug.
- the method of operation is as follows: During the first cycle, shortly before the top dead center of the piston is reached, the intake (in the case of the gasoline engine) or in the combustion chamber is ignited by injection (With the diesel engine) generated fuel / air mixtures. The piston then performs a downward movement (working stroke) and, after a certain distance, releases the exhaust duct, so that the burned gases can reach the exhaust and can escape into the open. At approximately the same time, the inlet is released and the air or the fuel / air mixture is sucked in - often from the crankcase -, flows into the cylinder space and at the same time flushes it out of exhaust gases.
- the piston performs an upward movement, so that after covering the outlet channel, the mixture undergoes compression and then ignites again.
- the upward movement of the piston creates a negative pressure in the crankcase serving as a reservoir for the (fuel) air mixture to be drawn in, which serves for suction from the outside.
- the known disadvantages of two-stroke engines include the high fuel consumption and the unfavorable use of energy, which is due to the fact that a part of the fresh gases supplied is used to purge the cylinder space from the combustion gases, which consequently partly and in undisturbed burned to reach the exhaust. Due to the fact that the intake and exhaust ports in the cylinder wall are at approximately the same height, on the other hand the spark plug (in the gasoline engine) or the gasoline injection (in the case of the diesel engine) are located in the part of the cylinder space opposite the piston. a flame front is generated, which runs towards the piston, which produces its working movement (working stroke) and at maximum Pressure and after a certain working stroke opens the outlet channel, so that the gases currently burning at that point escape explosively and with high pressure. The result is a high level of noise, which can only be reduced and reduced with the help of complex and correspondingly expensive exhaust systems.
- the invention has set itself the task of creating a two-stroke engine with significantly reduced noise development.
- the two-stroke engine according to the invention differs from those known from the prior art in several decisive ways: the piston is rigidly connected on the cylinder side to a slide which is arranged in the direction of movement of the piston and into the cylinder head depending on the position of the piston intervenes more or less. Furthermore, the outlet is located in the cylinder head, through which the burned gases can escape from the cylinder space into the open air by flowing through the cylinder head and the exhaust.
- the slider represents the spatial f
- the geometric conditions are such that the outlet is closed in the area of the top dead center of the piston, but is opened in the event of a downward movement in the direction of the bottom dead center.
- the candle chamber defined by the spark plug or the injection nozzle is part of the combustion chamber. From a functional point of view, one could speak of a stepped piston in such an arrangement and also refer to the slide as a valve.
- the inlet ducts are arranged in a known manner in the lower region of the cylinder space and are temporarily closed by the upper edge of the piston. The air or fuel / air mixture is fed in and processed in the known manner.
- a flame front is generated by ignition or by fuel injection at a position of the piston approximately in the area of top dead center, which moves towards the piston and ends there.
- the burned gases are discharged via the cylinder head, i.e. where the combustion has already been completed.
- the direction in which the outlet and / or the candle is arranged relative to the cylinder space is basically free within the scope of the invention.
- the outlet which is generally designed as a bore, and / or the candle that plunges into the candle space that is to be attributed to the burner space point in the radial direction.
- the slide has the task of temporarily closing the outlet.
- the form to be chosen for this is basically arbitrary. It can be a solid bar, a plate or, preferably, a tube. In the latter case, the low weight must be emphasized, which allows the realization of higher speeds.
- the candle holder and outlet are connected to one another, possibly separately at times via the slide.
- the candle chamber establishes the connection to the outlet.
- FIG. 1 An exploded view shows a two-stroke engine according to the invention.
- the piston (1) is slidably arranged in a conventional manner in a cylinder (2) designed as a bushing.
- a slide (3) is rigidly attached, the outer end of which, depending on the position of the piston (1), is guided in a more or less large area of the cylinder head (4) . The latter closes the combustion chamber at the end remote from the piston.
- Decisive for the invention is the design of the cylinder head (4), which on the one hand has an outlet (5) pointing outwards in the radial direction, and furthermore, in the example shown, also in the radial direction into the cylinder head (4 ) inserted candle (6). Not recognizable in the drawing, but for the function it is still crucial that the candle (6) dips inside the cylinder head (4) into a candle chamber which, due to its connection to the cylinder chamber, belongs to the combustion chamber.
- the slide (3) separates it from the outlet (5) and opens it when the piston (1) moves downwards, so that the burned gases can escape to the outside via the outlet (5).
- the parts that are still shown are familiar from the known two-stroke engines.
- the piston ring is located on the outside of the piston (1) 2
- crankshaft (12) is guided in bearings (16) and closed at the outer end, i.e. on the front side, using disks (17).
- carburetor receptacle (15) there is an opening (18) that connects to the carburetor, not shown here. Due to the existence of the opening (18) for receiving the carburetor, it can be concluded that the exemplary embodiment shown represents a two-stroke gasoline engine.
- the fuel / air mixture produced by the carburetor passes through the opening (18) into the interior of the crankcase (13), from where it passes through intake ducts (18) located in the cylinder (2) provided that: that the piston (1) is located with its upper edge below this channel, enters the cylinder chamber formed from the cylinder (2), piston (1) and cylinder head (4) and into the candle chamber (not shown here) .
- the inlet channels (18) are closed when the piston (1) is moved upwards, the fuel / air mixture located in the cylinder chamber is compressed and is approximately at the top dead center via the candle (6). ignited.
- a flame front which extends from the candle chamber and runs towards the piston (1), is produced, by means of which a downward movement of the piston (1) is generated due to the resulting excess pressure.
- the slide (3) releases the outlet (5) so that the burned gases can reach the outside.
- the inlet ducts (18) are opened, the cylinder / space is again acted upon by the fuel / air mixture from the side opposite the outlet.
- the result is a two-stroke gasoline engine that is characterized by particularly smooth running and full use of the fuel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Means For Warming Up And Starting Carburetors (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92910280A EP0587598B1 (de) | 1991-05-31 | 1992-05-16 | Zweitaktmotor |
DE59207264T DE59207264D1 (de) | 1991-05-31 | 1992-05-16 | Zweitaktmotor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4117893A DE4117893A1 (de) | 1991-05-31 | 1991-05-31 | Zweitaktmotor |
DEP4117893.9 | 1991-05-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1992021868A1 true WO1992021868A1 (de) | 1992-12-10 |
Family
ID=6432909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1992/001083 WO1992021868A1 (de) | 1991-05-31 | 1992-05-16 | Zweitaktmotor |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0587598B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE143461T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4117893A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2095471T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1992021868A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2901833A1 (de) * | 1979-01-18 | 1980-07-31 | Franz Ruppert | Zweitaktmotor mit gleichstromspuelsystem |
WO1986004112A1 (en) * | 1985-01-02 | 1986-07-17 | Wone Adrian J | Internal combustion engine gas transfer system |
FR2590936A1 (fr) * | 1985-11-29 | 1987-06-05 | Lepaige De Dommartin Jean | Moteur a combustion interne |
-
1991
- 1991-05-31 DE DE4117893A patent/DE4117893A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-05-16 EP EP92910280A patent/EP0587598B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-16 WO PCT/EP1992/001083 patent/WO1992021868A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1992-05-16 DE DE59207264T patent/DE59207264D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-16 ES ES92910280T patent/ES2095471T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-16 AT AT92910280T patent/ATE143461T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2901833A1 (de) * | 1979-01-18 | 1980-07-31 | Franz Ruppert | Zweitaktmotor mit gleichstromspuelsystem |
WO1986004112A1 (en) * | 1985-01-02 | 1986-07-17 | Wone Adrian J | Internal combustion engine gas transfer system |
FR2590936A1 (fr) * | 1985-11-29 | 1987-06-05 | Lepaige De Dommartin Jean | Moteur a combustion interne |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0587598A1 (de) | 1994-03-23 |
EP0587598B1 (de) | 1996-09-25 |
DE59207264D1 (de) | 1996-10-31 |
ATE143461T1 (de) | 1996-10-15 |
DE4117893A1 (de) | 1992-12-03 |
ES2095471T3 (es) | 1997-02-16 |
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