WO1992019877A1 - Procede pour la mise en service d'une machine equipee d'un rotor a paliers magnetiques, ainsi que circuit pour la realisation du procede - Google Patents

Procede pour la mise en service d'une machine equipee d'un rotor a paliers magnetiques, ainsi que circuit pour la realisation du procede Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992019877A1
WO1992019877A1 PCT/EP1992/000298 EP9200298W WO9219877A1 WO 1992019877 A1 WO1992019877 A1 WO 1992019877A1 EP 9200298 W EP9200298 W EP 9200298W WO 9219877 A1 WO9219877 A1 WO 9219877A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
axial
assumed
current
stop
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1992/000298
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Randolf Paul Rolff
Original Assignee
Leybold Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Leybold Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1992019877A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992019877A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0442—Active magnetic bearings with devices affected by abnormal, undesired or non-standard conditions such as shock-load, power outage, start-up or touchdown
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0444—Details of devices to control the actuation of the electromagnets
    • F16C32/0451—Details of controllers, i.e. the units determining the power to be supplied, e.g. comparing elements, feedback arrangements with P.I.D. control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2231/00—Running-in; Initial operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/44—Centrifugal pumps
    • F16C2360/45—Turbo-molecular pumps

Definitions

  • The. invention relates to a method for starting up a machine equipped with a magnetically mounted rotor according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a circuit suitable for carrying out this start-up method.
  • DE-PS 34 09 047 discloses a magnetic bearing cell with permanent magnets, which support the rotor stably in the radial direction and unstably in the axial direction.
  • an axial sensor, a controller and two deflection coils are provided which keep the rotor in its equilibrium position which is unstable in the axial direction during operation of the machine.
  • the deflection coils are supplied with currents, the strength of which depends on the deviation of the rotor from its unstable equilibrium position.
  • Magnetic bearings of this type have been used in practice for mounting the rotor of turbomolecular vacuum pumps. They are also equipped with a control device which causes an automatic compensation of the currents flowing in the deflection coils in such a way that the current has the value zero in the unstable equilibrium position of the rotor ("current-to-zero" regulator).
  • a potentiometer is provided with which the target position of the rotor is specified in order to be able to compensate for tolerances of the pump and its converter (control, power supply, etc.) within the magnetic bearing control.
  • the tolerances of the pump include, above all, the relatively large offset error of the axial sensor and the target positions of the rotor, which are dependent on the installation position of the pump. Since the range that the "current to zero" controller can regulate is limited, the balancing potentiometer must be reset after each new installation of the system. Even after changing the connecting cable between the pump and the converter, a new adjustment often has to be carried out manually, since the offset error of the axial sensor also depends on the length of the connecting cable. Usually, the pump tolerances must first be manually adjusted in the manufacturer's test field. After installation of the pump at the customer, a new adjustment is already necessary. later in the event of changes to the installation and irregularities within the storage. Since the customer cannot usually carry out the manual adjustment of the magnetic bearings himself, the maintenance effort associated with the installation and operation of the pumps is very high.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a method of the type mentioned at the outset and a circuit suitable for carrying out this method, in which a manual adjustment procedure can be omitted.
  • the fact that the stationary rotor rests on an axial stop becomes the first Information used.
  • the target position of the rotor in operation - its unstable equilibrium position - is about half the possible total stroke of the rotor from the current rotor stop position.
  • the signal of the axial sensor which has an offset error, is initially compensated by an equally large signal with inverse polarity.
  • the voltage transmitter then supplies a voltage value corresponding to half the stroke with a specific polarity.
  • the voltage value has the wrong polarity, the current supplied to the deflection coils will rise, for example, because the rotor cannot assume its equilibrium position. If this current exceeds a maximum limit, this attempt is stopped. Thereafter, a half 'Rotorhub voltage value corresponding to the reversed polarity is supplied from the voltage generator. This voltage value causes the rotor to lift from its stop position so that the machine equipped with the rotor can be started up.
  • - Fig. 1 is a highly simplified block diagram
  • - Fig. 2 is a block diagram with a circuit example for the
  • the axial sensor is designated by 1. Its signals are fed via an amplifier 2 to a control device, which is generally designated 3. The output current signals of the control device 3 are amplified (amplifier 4) and fed to the deflection coil 5. Only one deflection coil 5 is shown. In practice, two or more deflection coils are usually present. In practice, two or more deflection coils are usually present.
  • control takes place in such a way that the axial sensor 1 generates signals the size of which corresponds to the deviation of the rotor from its desired position.
  • the currents flowing from the amplifier 4 into the deflection coil 5 cause the rotor to return to its desired position.
  • a "current to zero" controller is present, which is part of the control device 3.
  • the control device 3 is designed so that the steps according to the invention are carried out.
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram with an example of the design of the control device 3.
  • the signal emitted by the amplifier 2 is also fed to a so-called sample & hold element (block-dotted block 6, input 21) which is provided by the resistors 7, 8, the capacitor 9, the operational amplifier 10 and the field effect transistor 11 is formed.
  • a sample and hold element has the property that its output accepts and holds the voltage value of an input signal, here with inverse polarity.
  • the output 12 of the sample and hold element 6 is connected to an adder 13.
  • the adder 13 is connected to the amplifier 2 and a voltage transmitter 14. The sum signal is fed to a controller 15.
  • Logic 16 is also provided to control the sequence of the commissioning method according to the invention.
  • the logic 16 is supplied with signals via the line 17 which correspond to the currents flowing from the amplifier 4 to the deflection coil 5.
  • the logic 16 is also connected via the control lines 18, IS and 20 to the field effect transistor 11, the voltage generator 14 and the amplifier 4, so that an automatic control of these components is possible.
  • the line 22 is provided with the resistor 23, which the The commissioning of a magnetically levitated machine equipped with this circuit takes place as follows: after switching on, the transistor 11 is initially conductive. The transistor 11 then forms, together with the amplifier 10, the resistors 7, 8 and the capacitor 9, the sample & hold element 6.
  • the transistor 11 is then blocked, so that changes in the signal from the sensor 1 amplified in the amplifier 2 are no longer canceled, and at the same time the amplifier 4 is released via the line 20 and the adder 13 (and thus the controller 15) from the voltage generator 14 a voltage value supplied with a certain polarity, which corresponds to half a stroke of the rotor. Since it is not known at which of its two axial stops the stationary rotor rests, this voltage value can be correct or incorrect. This question is checked on the basis of voltage or current changes in the area of the axial active controlled system.
  • the logic 16 is connected to the output of the amplifier 4 via the line 17. After the feeding of the half stroke of the rotor corresponding Span ⁇ voltage value to the controller 15, the rotor either in Rich ⁇ tung its desired position move is' may or may not. If he cannot assume the desired target position, after the amplifier 4 is released by the logic 16, the current flowing to the deflection coil 5 will increase due to the axial active control without the rotor moving. If the logic 16 registers via line 17 that a set limit value has been exceeded, the experiment is stopped because it is now clear that the voltage supplied by the voltage generator 14 had the wrong polarity. The logic 16 will then reverse the voltage transmitter 14 such that it inverts its output.
  • the rotor will catch and assume approximately its desired position. Since the transistor 11 is blocked at the same time as the amplifier 4 is released, the amplifier 10, together with the capacitor 9 and the resistor 23, takes on the function of an integrator, ie the function of a “current-to-zero” control .
  • the current flowing to the deflection coil 5 is therefore regulated to zero in the long term. This regulation is able to compensate for any remaining deviations of the rotor from its target position, which for example does not correspond exactly to half the stroke when the rotor shaft is not horizontal.
  • the accuracy of the voltage supplied by the voltage generator 14 ⁇ value is detected from the current flowing from the amplifier 4 to the deflection coil. 5
  • Another possibility is, for example, to observe the signal supplied by the axial sensor - before or after amplification.
  • a line 24 connecting the output of the sensor 1 to the logic 16 is shown in dashed lines. If the voltage value supplied by the voltage transmitter is incorrect, the sensor signal will not change significantly since the rotor cannot move. If the voltage value supplied by the voltage sensor is correct, the rotor will catch. This will also change the signal of the axial sensor, so that the correctness of the voltage supplied by the voltage sensor can be seen from this change.
  • the entire control device 3, including the automatic offset adjustment, can also be implemented with a digital regulating and control unit.
  • the control of the capture attempts is then generally realized with the help of a program.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé pour la mise en service d'une machine équipée d'un rotor à paliers magnétiques ainsi qu'à un circuit pour la réalisation de ce procédé. En vue de l'automatisation de ce procédé, on procède de la manière suivante: comme le rotor à l'état de repos repose contre une butée axiale et que la position prescrite du rotor en fonctionnement - sa position d'équilibre instable - est donc à une distance de la position de butée momentanée du rotor qui correspond environ à la demi-course totale possible du rotor, on utilise cette information pour alimenter la bobine de déflexion en courant afin que le rotor prenne sensiblement sa position prescrite presque indépendamment de l'écart de réglage, et tout d'abord l'une des deux positions de butée du rotor est supposée donnée, puis l'on tente de stabiliser le rotor à une distance correspondant à environ la demi-course totale possible du rotor par rapport à la position de butée supposée du rotor.
PCT/EP1992/000298 1991-05-04 1992-02-12 Procede pour la mise en service d'une machine equipee d'un rotor a paliers magnetiques, ainsi que circuit pour la realisation du procede WO1992019877A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914114566 DE4114566C2 (de) 1991-05-04 1991-05-04 Verfahren zur Inbetriebnahme einer mit einem magnetgelagerten Rotor ausgerüsteten Maschine sowie Schaltung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
DEP4114566.6 1991-05-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992019877A1 true WO1992019877A1 (fr) 1992-11-12

Family

ID=6430962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1992/000298 WO1992019877A1 (fr) 1991-05-04 1992-02-12 Procede pour la mise en service d'une machine equipee d'un rotor a paliers magnetiques, ainsi que circuit pour la realisation du procede

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1066493A (fr)
DE (1) DE4114566C2 (fr)
TW (1) TW287250B (fr)
WO (1) WO1992019877A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4427154A1 (de) * 1994-08-01 1996-02-08 Balzers Pfeiffer Gmbh Reibungspumpe mit Magnetlagerung
DE69840607D1 (de) * 1997-12-02 2009-04-09 Ebara Corp Magnetlagervorrichtung und turbomolekularpumpe
JP2001074049A (ja) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-23 Ebara Corp 磁気軸受装置
DE102005032184A1 (de) * 2005-07-09 2007-01-18 Saurer Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektromotorischen Antriebs
DE102007028935B4 (de) * 2007-06-22 2018-12-27 Saurer Spinning Solutions Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Starten einer elektrischen Maschine mit einem magnetisch gelagerten Rotor
CN105202023B (zh) * 2014-05-26 2017-10-10 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 磁悬浮轴承系统及其控制方法和装置
CN105317837B (zh) * 2014-06-24 2017-10-10 致扬科技股份有限公司 磁浮轴承系统及其控制电路
DE102015016055A1 (de) * 2015-12-11 2017-06-14 Saurer Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrischer Antrieb und Offenend-Spinneinrichtung mit dem elektrischen Antrieb
CN110345082B (zh) * 2019-07-11 2024-04-05 浙江理工大学 叶轮时序角与跨距可调的两级离心泵装置及方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0155624A1 (fr) * 1984-03-13 1985-09-25 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Palier magnétique avec stabilisation suivant trois axes
JPH02286910A (ja) * 1989-04-27 1990-11-27 Toshiba Corp 磁気軸受装置

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2417797A1 (fr) * 1978-02-20 1979-09-14 Europ Propulsion Dispositif de compensation du grain d'un circuit asservi par contre-reaction en courant
DE3130974A1 (de) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-24 Teldix Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg Magnetlager
DE3204750C2 (de) * 1982-02-11 1984-04-26 Arthur Pfeiffer Vakuumtechnik Wetzlar Gmbh, 6334 Asslar Magnetisch gelagerte Turbomolekularpumpe
DE3420371C2 (de) * 1984-01-02 1993-10-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Anordnung zum Starten eines Synchronmotors
DE3723466A1 (de) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-26 Barry Controls Gmbh Nachstelleinrichtung zum korrigieren der lage einer maschine
SU1613724A1 (ru) * 1988-12-20 1990-12-15 Московский энергетический институт Способ управлени радиальными магнитными опорами ротора
DE4029633A1 (de) * 1989-10-06 1991-04-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Wegmesssystem

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0155624A1 (fr) * 1984-03-13 1985-09-25 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Palier magnétique avec stabilisation suivant trois axes
JPH02286910A (ja) * 1989-04-27 1990-11-27 Toshiba Corp 磁気軸受装置

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS Bd. 37, Nr. 1, Februar 1990, NEW YORK (US) Seiten 19 - 27; WILLIAMS ET AL: 'Digital Control of Active Magnetic Bearings' *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 057 (M-1080)12. Februar 1991 & JP,A,2 286 910 ( TOSHIBA ) 27. November 1990 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 289 (M-845)(3637) 5. Juli 1989 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4114566A1 (de) 1993-01-21
TW287250B (fr) 1996-10-01
CN1066493A (zh) 1992-11-25
DE4114566C2 (de) 1999-07-08

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